Re: why must boot in single mode.
Skylar Thompson wrote: Getting started on FreeBSD can be a bit rough, but I'd give the Handbook http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/index.html a good look over and you should be set. I think the FreeBSD Handbook is excellent. I also found this book: FreeBSD Unleashed; Second Edition http://www.bsdmall.com/freebun.html a godsend. So much so I had to write the authors ... :c) ports is a blessing unto itself, Ports/packages and portupgrade are things of beauty ... :) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: why must boot in single mode.
Jerry McAllister wrote: FreeBSD (with Apache, PHP, MySQL or PostgresSQL, etc) makes a very good - maybe the best - webserver system. Don't forget Zope :c) ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: why must boot in single mode.
Thank you Skylar for sharing the information. I current have a simple server running RedHat, and wanting to switch to FreeBSD as I think that FreeBSD would offer better platform as a server in stability and security patches as such. (Am I correct here or what ? :-) You are right. I am doing all my research just to make sure I am making the correct decision here. And this one about the single user mode is really making me cold feet at the moment :-) I don't understand your problem here. Single User is just booting up the kernel, but stopping before all the network and user services are started. At that point you can do things on the machine that you would not want the other stuff running for. When you get that done, then just reboot and let it run normally. I rarely use single user mode - only when there is a problem on the machine that needs fixing without other stuff running or on a development machine (eg non-production machine) I am using to write something. I will contact data centres just to make sure that they have all the facility needed to boot it into single user mode. Thanks again All they need is a keyboard and monitor - that can be shared with several units with an appropriate switch. If you need remote access to the console - eg can't physically be there, then you can either set it to do console via a serial port and then via the net or get a keyboard/monitor switch (KVM) that handles dialup or internet connection. Oh, btw, I have a quick scan on your personal page, very impress that you are helping to maintain the servers. Would my choice of FreeBSD over RedHat be correct in this instance for a webserver do you think? FreeBSD (with Apache, PHP, MySQL or PostgresSQL, etc) makes a very good - maybe the best - webserver system. jerry LeKhoi ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: why must boot in single mode.
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 LeKhoi wrote: | Thank you Skylar for sharing the information. | | I current have a simple server running RedHat, and wanting to | switch to FreeBSD as I think that FreeBSD would offer better | platform as a server in stability and security patches as such. (Am | I correct here or what ? :-) Yes. Until my current job, I used to be exclusively Red Hat Linux (unless you count the OS/2 box :-) ). Where I work now uses FreeBSD nearly exclusively on the x86 servers, with the only x86 server running Linux out of necessity for SystemImager. Getting started on FreeBSD can be a bit rough, but I'd give the Handbook http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/index.html a good look over and you should be set. ports is a blessing unto itself, and the reliability and good division between production and development branches just makes it that much better than Red Hat. I think the only Linux distro that comes close is Debian. | I am doing all my research just to make sure I am making the | correct decision here. | | And this one about the single user mode is really making me cold | feet at the moment :-) I acutally wouldn't worry about it. We just patch our systems for critical security updates. We still have a bunch of servers running 4.4-RELEASE just because we know it works. I would, however, make sure the data centre staff is willing to look at FreeBSD single-user mode in case something goes FUBAR. | I will contact data centres just to make sure that they have all | the facility needed to boot it into single user mode. Thanks again | | Oh, btw, I have a quick scan on your personal page, very impress | that you are helping to maintain the servers. Would my choice of | FreeBSD over RedHat be correct in this instance for a webserver do | you think? Most definitely. If you listen to Netcraft http://www.netcraft.com, FreeBSD is by far the best web-serving platform imaginable. All our web servers run FreeBSD, and I've never once wished they ran Linux. - -- - -- Skylar Thompson ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) - -- http://www.cs.earlham.edu/~skylar/ -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: GnuPG v1.2.4 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with Thunderbird - http://enigmail.mozdev.org iD8DBQFBw2s4sc4yyULgN4YRAqKpAKCSaa1I708aw67p81bBloyJ1UZOaQCdHRem 9jqsR1DKZrPn77EpWPSjvRc= =tU56 -END PGP SIGNATURE- ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: why must boot in single mode.
Hi Chuck and Kris I am also interesting in the scenario. Some FreeBSD boxes are being used for webserving in a production environment from data centres. If this upgrading procedures is in question and is forced to reboot into single user mode (which is not practical as I am not in the data centre) then is there a way that we could upgrade the box safely remotely? Even if we need to shut down the server. Thanks, LeKhoi ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: why must boot in single mode.
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 LeKhoi wrote: | Hi Chuck and Kris | | I am also interesting in the scenario. Some FreeBSD boxes are being | used for webserving in a production environment from data centres. | | | If this upgrading procedures is in question and is forced to reboot | into single user mode (which is not practical as I am not in the | data centre) then is there a way that we could upgrade the box | safely remotely? Even if we need to shut down the server. I guess I have a few things to say to this, based on personal experience: 1. If the box works, why upgrade? All you really need to do is apply individual security patches, which does not require single-user mode. 2. If you do need to upgrade, then you should count on requiring single-user mode if anything goes wrong. 3. Many boxen in data centers, even low-end boxen like Poweredges and Proliants, have either integrated remote-management modules or options for them. Even if they don't have that, the BIOS of any real server will support redirection to a serial port that will allow you to use a modem to dial-in to the console. Even if it can't do that, decent KVM switches will have that kind of functionality. Any of these will allow you to get a remote console for work with the BIOS/single-user mode. - -- - -- Skylar Thompson ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) - -- http://www.cs.earlham.edu/~skylar/ -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: GnuPG v1.2.4 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with Thunderbird - http://enigmail.mozdev.org iD8DBQFBwk4wsc4yyULgN4YRApFqAKCXgGSsYBIFkAL5hgUpCu6V2akUiACfWJvp VfxM/Lpnx1F7rDi/1QCHuFE= =0vrR -END PGP SIGNATURE- ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: why must boot in single mode.
Thank you Skylar for sharing the information. I current have a simple server running RedHat, and wanting to switch to FreeBSD as I think that FreeBSD would offer better platform as a server in stability and security patches as such. (Am I correct here or what ? :-) I am doing all my research just to make sure I am making the correct decision here. And this one about the single user mode is really making me cold feet at the moment :-) I will contact data centres just to make sure that they have all the facility needed to boot it into single user mode. Thanks again Oh, btw, I have a quick scan on your personal page, very impress that you are helping to maintain the servers. Would my choice of FreeBSD over RedHat be correct in this instance for a webserver do you think? LeKhoi On Thu, 16 Dec 2004 22:10:49 -0500, Skylar Thompson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 LeKhoi wrote: | Hi Chuck and Kris | | I am also interesting in the scenario. Some FreeBSD boxes are being | used for webserving in a production environment from data centres. | | | If this upgrading procedures is in question and is forced to reboot | into single user mode (which is not practical as I am not in the | data centre) then is there a way that we could upgrade the box | safely remotely? Even if we need to shut down the server. I guess I have a few things to say to this, based on personal experience: 1. If the box works, why upgrade? All you really need to do is apply individual security patches, which does not require single-user mode. 2. If you do need to upgrade, then you should count on requiring single-user mode if anything goes wrong. 3. Many boxen in data centers, even low-end boxen like Poweredges and Proliants, have either integrated remote-management modules or options for them. Even if they don't have that, the BIOS of any real server will support redirection to a serial port that will allow you to use a modem to dial-in to the console. Even if it can't do that, decent KVM switches will have that kind of functionality. Any of these will allow you to get a remote console for work with the BIOS/single-user mode. - -- - -- Skylar Thompson ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) - -- http://www.cs.earlham.edu/~skylar/ -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: GnuPG v1.2.4 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with Thunderbird - http://enigmail.mozdev.org iD8DBQFBwk4wsc4yyULgN4YRApFqAKCXgGSsYBIFkAL5hgUpCu6V2akUiACfWJvp VfxM/Lpnx1F7rDi/1QCHuFE= =0vrR -END PGP SIGNATURE- ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
why must boot in single mode.
Hi all I'm using FreeBSD 4.[89] for a few years. So far I upgraded my release to security branch by following the instructions in /usr/src/Makefile and after finished, my box is running fine. Only one thing that I ignored - rebooting in single mode but because I am not at the box's console. Could anyone clarify me why we have to (according to comment in /usr/src/Makefile) reboot in single mode ? Is it necessary ? TIA, pjn ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: why must boot in single mode.
On Thu, Dec 16, 2004 at 11:36:11AM +0700, Supote Leelasupphakorn wrote: Could anyone clarify me why we have to (according to comment in /usr/src/Makefile) reboot in single mode ? Is it necessary ? It's safest; if you try and do without it then applications running on the machine may crash during the installworld. If you're relying on such an application (e.g. sshd to log in remotely), then you'd be locked out, and the machine may be left in an incomplete and unusable state. Kris pgpDo6imWc9Di.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: why must boot in single mode.
Supote Leelasupphakorn wrote: [ ... ] Could anyone clarify me why we have to (according to comment in /usr/src/Makefile) reboot in single mode ? Is it necessary ? It's a good idea, more than a necessity. If you feel that you have reason to believe that the kernel you just compiled actually does work, feel free to skip a step and do the installworld at the same time. However, if you guess was wrong and there is a problem with the new kernel, you are stuck with a big problem. Your new world won't match the old kernel image you still have as backup, which tends to make lots of programs like ps, ifconfig, firewall software, and the like unhappy and not work right. So if you do have a problem, don't expect to be able to fix it remotely. -- -Chuck ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
