Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On Wednesday, 6 December 2023 18:47:43 GMT Wols Lists wrote: > On 06/12/2023 14:56, Peter Humphreey wrote: > > The idea is that you may want to install another system later, which may > > want to install its own code in /efi. By all means shrink it if you think > > that's unlikely and you need the space. Gparted on SysRescCD is ideal for > > this. > I had the opposite problem - Windows created a tiny EFI partition and I > couldn't install linux ... > > Cheers, > Wol Looking at a UEFI system which had MSWindows installed I can see the ESP is only 96M: Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1vfat 96M 64M 33M 67% /boot Of this space Microsoft eats up 27M. Binary distros tend to use less than 5M if they use GRUB. Kernel and initrd images are stored on the OS partition. Gentoo will be more hungry, if you drop your kernel/initrd images in your ESP; e.g. two kernel images with embedded microcode and firmware (no initrd) weigh in at 32M. I usually keep 2-3 gentoo kernels in the ESP with no problem: # du -s -h /boot/EFI/* 1.9M/boot/EFI/Boot 32M /boot/EFI/Gentoo 27M /boot/EFI/Microsoft 4.3M/boot/EFI/ubuntu Thankfully storage space is relatively cheap(er) these days and a 1G ESP wouldn't be considered excessive. It would also be handy if you wanted to keep a rescue image in there. signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On Thursday, 7 December 2023 11:45:20 GMT Peter Humphrey wrote: > On Wednesday, 6 December 2023 18:47:43 GMT Wols Lists wrote: > > On 06/12/2023 14:56, Peter Humphreey wrote: > > > The idea is that you may want to install another system later, which may > > > want to install its own code in /efi. By all means shrink it if you > > > think > > > that's unlikely and you need the space. Gparted on SysRescCD is ideal > > > for > > > this. > > > > I had the opposite problem - Windows created a tiny EFI partition and I > > couldn't install linux ... > > ...and you couldn't enlarge the partition because Windows then wouldn't > boot! You can enlarge and even move a Windows partition (boot system partition and/ or the main Windows OS C:\ drive partition), but you MUST either not change the partition UUID or edit the BCD file with the new UUID numbers. Also, it would be a good idea not to interfere with the MSR partition. Its been quite a few years since I had to mess up with any of this so I'm not up to date with the latest MSWindows boot requirements. signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On Wednesday, 6 December 2023 18:47:43 GMT Wols Lists wrote: > On 06/12/2023 14:56, Peter Humphreey wrote: > > The idea is that you may want to install another system later, which may > > want to install its own code in /efi. By all means shrink it if you think > > that's unlikely and you need the space. Gparted on SysRescCD is ideal for > > this. > I had the opposite problem - Windows created a tiny EFI partition and I > couldn't install linux ... ...and you couldn't enlarge the partition because Windows then wouldn't boot! -- Regards, Peter.
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On 06/12/2023 14:56, Peter Humphreey wrote: The idea is that you may want to install another system later, which may want to install its own code in /efi. By all means shrink it if you think that's unlikely and you need the space. Gparted on SysRescCD is ideal for this. I had the opposite problem - Windows created a tiny EFI partition and I couldn't install linux ... Cheers, Wol
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On Wednesday, 6 December 2023 14:27:21 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > On 12/6/23 04:31, Michael wrote: > > On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 23:53:23 GMT Peter Humphreey wrote: > >> On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 19:35:11 GMT Michael wrote: > >>> Your boot partition is /dev/nvme0n1p1 and its mountpoint is /boot. You > >>> must create this partition with the appropriate EFI System type (in > >>> gdisk > >>> use EF00). > >>> > >>> The /efi directory must be at the top of the /boot partition filesystem, > >>> accessible via /boot/efi. > >> > >> I've been operating that way for some years, but I have reason to believe > >> that things have changed. I'll start a new thread tomorrow. > > > > Both Peters are right and my previous answer was wrong for Thelma's > > usecase, the /boot directory must be on a linux fs which understands > > symlinks *if vmlinuz is used* - this is because the ESP partition's FAT > > fs cannot use symlinks. > > > > The /efi directory *must* be on a FAT fs and contain the grubx64.efi, or > > any other bootloader *.efi image. > > > > If kernels are copied manually and vmlinuz symlinks are not used then a > > FAT > > partition with mountpoint on /boot and containing the /boot/efi directory > > will work as intended. > > Thanks for Peters explanation now it is clear to me how it works. I think there's some misattribution here: I haven't explained anything in this area - indeed I have some questions of my own. > But I have a question, in Gentoo manual hand book > https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Disks > the instruction is to create 1 GiB partition for /efi It's a suggestion, not an instruction; you don't have to follow it. > Why so large, do others file system need it so much? > In my case /efi take only 1% > Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on > /dev/nvme0n1p11022M 280K1022M 1% /efi The idea is that you may want to install another system later, which may want to install its own code in /efi. By all means shrink it if you think that's unlikely and you need the space. Gparted on SysRescCD is ideal for this. -- Regards, Peter.
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On 12/6/23 04:31, Michael wrote: On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 23:53:23 GMT Peter Humphreey wrote: On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 19:35:11 GMT Michael wrote: Your boot partition is /dev/nvme0n1p1 and its mountpoint is /boot. You must create this partition with the appropriate EFI System type (in gdisk use EF00). The /efi directory must be at the top of the /boot partition filesystem, accessible via /boot/efi. I've been operating that way for some years, but I have reason to believe that things have changed. I'll start a new thread tomorrow. Both Peters are right and my previous answer was wrong for Thelma's usecase, the /boot directory must be on a linux fs which understands symlinks *if vmlinuz is used* - this is because the ESP partition's FAT fs cannot use symlinks. The /efi directory *must* be on a FAT fs and contain the grubx64.efi, or any other bootloader *.efi image. If kernels are copied manually and vmlinuz symlinks are not used then a FAT partition with mountpoint on /boot and containing the /boot/efi directory will work as intended. Thanks for Peters explanation now it is clear to me how it works. But I have a question, in Gentoo manual hand book https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Disks the instruction is to create 1 GiB partition for /efi Why so large, do others file system need it so much? In my case /efi take only 1% FilesystemSizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/nvme0n1p1 1022M 280K1022M 1% /efi
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 23:53:23 GMT Peter Humphreey wrote: > On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 19:35:11 GMT Michael wrote: > > Your boot partition is /dev/nvme0n1p1 and its mountpoint is /boot. You > > must create this partition with the appropriate EFI System type (in gdisk > > use EF00). > > > > The /efi directory must be at the top of the /boot partition filesystem, > > accessible via /boot/efi. > > I've been operating that way for some years, but I have reason to believe > that things have changed. I'll start a new thread tomorrow. Both Peters are right and my previous answer was wrong for Thelma's usecase, the /boot directory must be on a linux fs which understands symlinks *if vmlinuz is used* - this is because the ESP partition's FAT fs cannot use symlinks. The /efi directory *must* be on a FAT fs and contain the grubx64.efi, or any other bootloader *.efi image. If kernels are copied manually and vmlinuz symlinks are not used then a FAT partition with mountpoint on /boot and containing the /boot/efi directory will work as intended. signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 19:35:11 GMT Michael wrote: > Your boot partition is /dev/nvme0n1p1 and its mountpoint is /boot. You must > create this partition with the appropriate EFI System type (in gdisk use > EF00). > > The /efi directory must be at the top of the /boot partition filesystem, > accessible via /boot/efi. I've been operating that way for some years, but I have reason to believe that things have changed. I'll start a new thread tomorrow. -- Regards, Peter.
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
Am Dienstag, 5. Dezember 2023, 21:07:00 CET schrieb the...@sys-concept.com: > On 12/5/23 12:35, Michael wrote: > > On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 18:11:14 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > >> On 12/5/23 10:16, Cara Salter wrote: > >>> On 12/5/23 12:05, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > It has been some time since I installed Gentoo. > After partitioning, and installing the system after reboot I get kernel > selection from grub and hitting enter, I don't see any text scrolling > on > the screen, and I don't see the login screen. > > I think I install grub in a wrong way. > When I mount "boot" content of /boot: > ls /boot/ > EFI > >>> > >>> Is your EFI directory /efi or /boot? If it's /efi, then your mountpoint > >>> should be in /boot as is in your /etc/fstab.> > >>> > When I unmount "boot" content of /boot: > ls /boot/ > System.map-6.1.57-gentoo config-6.1.57-gentoo grub > vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo > >> > >> The /efi directory was empty > >> I moved /boot to /boot_backup crated /boot directory again > >> mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot > >> run: > >> grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot > >> > >> installed kernel by running "make install" by default it install to boot > >> ( I think). Change fstab from /eft to /boot: > >> #/dev/nvme0n1p1 /efi vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 > >> /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 > >> but now when system boot it can not find any kernel, it just display > >> "grub" > >> command on the screen > > > > Please read the necessary documentation: > > > > https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Bootloader > > > > Your boot partition is /dev/nvme0n1p1 and its mountpoint is /boot. You > > must create this partition with the appropriate EFI System type (in gdisk > > use EF00). > > > > The /efi directory must be at the top of the /boot partition filesystem, > > accessible via /boot/efi. > > I'm kind of confused at this point. > Where the kernel files should be copied? /boot or /efi directory > - System.map-6.1.57-gentoo > - config-6.1.57-gentoo > - vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo > > In fstab I have: > /dev/nvme0n1p1/efivfatnoauto,noatime 1 2 > > If /efi is a boot partition I assume the kernel files should be there as > well; but somehow it doesn't work. > > The link you provided instruct user to run: > grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg > > When "/dev/nvme0n1p1 is mounted on /efi" > shouldn't it be: > grub-mkconfig -o /efi/grub/grub.cfg No ... anything is alright here: With grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/efi you will installe the first part of grub (grubx64.efi) INTO the ESP: \efi\gentoo\grubx64.efi <==> /efi/efi/gentoo/grubx64.efi when you have mounted your ESP to /efi. (see more with "efibootmgr) With grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg you configure grub - residing IN / boot/grub = THIS is the second part of grub !! Maybe read: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/User:Pietinger/Tutorials/ Boot_kernel_via_UEFI#Prerequisites_for_an_UEFI_boot (only this chapter; not the next chapter, because it is a guide for installing a stub kernel)
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
Am Dienstag, 5. Dezember 2023, 20:35:11 CET schrieb Michael: > On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 18:11:14 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > > On 12/5/23 10:16, Cara Salter wrote: > > > On 12/5/23 12:05, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > > >> It has been some time since I installed Gentoo. > > >> After partitioning, and installing the system after reboot I get kernel > > >> selection from grub and hitting enter, I don't see any text scrolling > > >> on > > >> the screen, and I don't see the login screen. > > >> > > >> I think I install grub in a wrong way. > > >> When I mount "boot" content of /boot: > > >> ls /boot/ > > >> EFI > > > > > > Is your EFI directory /efi or /boot? If it's /efi, then your mountpoint > > > should be in /boot as is in your /etc/fstab.> > > > > > >> When I unmount "boot" content of /boot: > > >> ls /boot/ > > >> System.map-6.1.57-gentoo config-6.1.57-gentoo grub > > >> vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo > > > > The /efi directory was empty > > I moved /boot to /boot_backup crated /boot directory again > > mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot > > run: > > grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot > > > > installed kernel by running "make install" by default it install to boot ( > > I think). Change fstab from /eft to /boot: > > #/dev/nvme0n1p1 /efi vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 > > /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 > > but now when system boot it can not find any kernel, it just display > > "grub" > > command on the screen > > Please read the necessary documentation: > > https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Bootloader > > Your boot partition is /dev/nvme0n1p1 and its mountpoint is /boot. You must > create this partition with the appropriate EFI System type (in gdisk use > EF00). > > The /efi directory must be at the top of the /boot partition filesystem, > accessible via /boot/efi. That is wrong. The mountpoint for the ESP should be NOW /efi (therefore you see in our AMD64 handbook a "mkdir /efi"). /boot is the standard directory for the kernel ... and it is NOW an ordinary directory of the root directory (so yes, the content of it resides in the root partition). Dont mount anything to /boot. Yes, a "make install" (or genkernel) installs the kernel into /boot. If /etc/fstab should be: /dev/nvme0n1p1 /efi vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 (IF this is your ESP) After mounting this ESP to /efi (and no mount on /boot + kernel IN boot) you should run: grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/efi AND a grub-mkconfig ! (so this routine will find your kernel in /boot and add it to the grub's config file; Yes your grub will be also in /boot/grub.
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On 12/5/23 12:35, Michael wrote: On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 18:11:14 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: On 12/5/23 10:16, Cara Salter wrote: On 12/5/23 12:05, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: It has been some time since I installed Gentoo. After partitioning, and installing the system after reboot I get kernel selection from grub and hitting enter, I don't see any text scrolling on the screen, and I don't see the login screen. I think I install grub in a wrong way. When I mount "boot" content of /boot: ls /boot/ EFI Is your EFI directory /efi or /boot? If it's /efi, then your mountpoint should be in /boot as is in your /etc/fstab.> When I unmount "boot" content of /boot: ls /boot/ System.map-6.1.57-gentoo config-6.1.57-gentoo grub vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo The /efi directory was empty I moved /boot to /boot_backup crated /boot directory again mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot run: grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot installed kernel by running "make install" by default it install to boot ( I think). Change fstab from /eft to /boot: #/dev/nvme0n1p1 /efi vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 but now when system boot it can not find any kernel, it just display "grub" command on the screen Please read the necessary documentation: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Bootloader Your boot partition is /dev/nvme0n1p1 and its mountpoint is /boot. You must create this partition with the appropriate EFI System type (in gdisk use EF00). The /efi directory must be at the top of the /boot partition filesystem, accessible via /boot/efi. I'm kind of confused at this point. Where the kernel files should be copied? /boot or /efi directory - System.map-6.1.57-gentoo - config-6.1.57-gentoo - vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo In fstab I have: /dev/nvme0n1p1 /efivfatnoauto,noatime 1 2 If /efi is a boot partition I assume the kernel files should be there as well; but somehow it doesn't work. The link you provided instruct user to run: grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg When "/dev/nvme0n1p1 is mounted on /efi" shouldn't it be: grub-mkconfig -o /efi/grub/grub.cfg
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On Tuesday, 5 December 2023 18:11:14 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > On 12/5/23 10:16, Cara Salter wrote: > > On 12/5/23 12:05, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > >> It has been some time since I installed Gentoo. > >> After partitioning, and installing the system after reboot I get kernel > >> selection from grub and hitting enter, I don't see any text scrolling on > >> the screen, and I don't see the login screen. > >> > >> I think I install grub in a wrong way. > >> When I mount "boot" content of /boot: > >> ls /boot/ > >> EFI > > > > Is your EFI directory /efi or /boot? If it's /efi, then your mountpoint > > should be in /boot as is in your /etc/fstab.> > >> When I unmount "boot" content of /boot: > >> ls /boot/ > >> System.map-6.1.57-gentoo config-6.1.57-gentoo grub > >> vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo > > The /efi directory was empty > I moved /boot to /boot_backup crated /boot directory again > mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot > run: > grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot > > installed kernel by running "make install" by default it install to boot ( I > think). Change fstab from /eft to /boot: > #/dev/nvme0n1p1 /efi vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 > /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 > but now when system boot it can not find any kernel, it just display "grub" > command on the screen Please read the necessary documentation: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Bootloader Your boot partition is /dev/nvme0n1p1 and its mountpoint is /boot. You must create this partition with the appropriate EFI System type (in gdisk use EF00). The /efi directory must be at the top of the /boot partition filesystem, accessible via /boot/efi. signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On 12/5/23 11:11, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: On 12/5/23 10:16, Cara Salter wrote: On 12/5/23 12:05, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: It has been some time since I installed Gentoo. After partitioning, and installing the system after reboot I get kernel selection from grub and hitting enter, I don't see any text scrolling on the screen, and I don't see the login screen. I think I install grub in a wrong way. When I mount "boot" content of /boot: ls /boot/ EFI Is your EFI directory /efi or /boot? If it's /efi, then your mountpoint should be in /boot as is in your /etc/fstab. When I unmount "boot" content of /boot: ls /boot/ System.map-6.1.57-gentoo config-6.1.57-gentoo grub vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo The /efi directory was empty I moved /boot to /boot_backup crated /boot directory again mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot run: grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot installed kernel by running "make install" by default it install to boot ( I think). Change fstab from /eft to /boot: #/dev/nvme0n1p1 /efi vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 but now when system boot it can not find any kernel, it just display "grub" command on the screen When I boot strap the system I tried to run: grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/efi Installing for x86_64-efi platform. grub-install: error: /efi doesn't look like an EFI partition.
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On 12/5/23 10:16, Cara Salter wrote: On 12/5/23 12:05, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: It has been some time since I installed Gentoo. After partitioning, and installing the system after reboot I get kernel selection from grub and hitting enter, I don't see any text scrolling on the screen, and I don't see the login screen. I think I install grub in a wrong way. When I mount "boot" content of /boot: ls /boot/ EFI Is your EFI directory /efi or /boot? If it's /efi, then your mountpoint should be in /boot as is in your /etc/fstab. When I unmount "boot" content of /boot: ls /boot/ System.map-6.1.57-gentoo config-6.1.57-gentoo grub vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo The /efi directory was empty I moved /boot to /boot_backup crated /boot directory again mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot run: grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot installed kernel by running "make install" by default it install to boot ( I think). Change fstab from /eft to /boot: #/dev/nvme0n1p1 /efi vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 but now when system boot it can not find any kernel, it just display "grub" command on the screen
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
Am Dienstag, 5. Dezember 2023, 18:05:56 CET schrieb the...@sys-concept.com: > It has been some time since I installed Gentoo. > After partitioning, and installing the system after reboot I get kernel > selection from grub and hitting enter, I don't see any text scrolling on > the screen, and I don't see the login screen. > > Is the text scroll disabled for booting or is my configuration incorrect? > > Here are some details: > Partition: > /dev/nvme0n1p1 204820991992097152 1G EFI System > /dev/nvme0n1p2 2099200 104878078388608 4G Linux swap > /dev/nvme0n1p3 10487808 1953523711 1943035904 926.5G Linux filesystem > > cat /etc/fstab > /dev/nvme0n1p1 /efi vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 > /dev/nvme0n1p2 none swap sw 0 0 > /dev/nvme0n1p3 / ext4 noatime 0 1 > > /etc/default/grub: > ... > # Append parameters to the linux kernel command line for non-recovery > entries #GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="" > > To install grub, I run: > grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/efi > > I think I install grub in a wrong way. > When I mount "boot" content of /boot: > ls /boot/ > EFI > > When I unmount "boot" content of /boot: > ls /boot/ > System.map-6.1.57-gentoo config-6.1.57-gentoo grub vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo Please read the first post of: https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-1165115.html Kind regards, Peter
Re: [gentoo-user] New installation - not booting
On 12/5/23 12:05, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: It has been some time since I installed Gentoo. After partitioning, and installing the system after reboot I get kernel selection from grub and hitting enter, I don't see any text scrolling on the screen, and I don't see the login screen. I think I install grub in a wrong way. When I mount "boot" content of /boot: ls /boot/ EFI Is your EFI directory /efi or /boot? If it's /efi, then your mountpoint should be in /boot as is in your /etc/fstab. When I unmount "boot" content of /boot: ls /boot/ System.map-6.1.57-gentoo config-6.1.57-gentoo grub vmlinuz-6.1.57-gentoo
