Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-16 Thread David Chinner
On Mon, Jul 16, 2007 at 12:41:15PM +1000, David Chinner wrote:
 On Fri, Jul 13, 2007 at 03:36:46PM -0400, Justin Piszcz wrote:
  On Fri, 13 Jul 2007, Jon Collette wrote:
  
  Wouldn't Raid 6 be slower than Raid 5 because of the extra fault tolerance?
http://www.enterprisenetworksandservers.com/monthly/art.php?1754 - 20% 
  drop according to this article
  
  His 500GB WD drives are 7200RPM compared to the Raptors 10K.  So his 
  numbers will be slower. 
  Justin what file system do you have running on the Raptors?  I think thats 
  an interesting point made by Joshua.
  
  I use XFS:
 
 When it comes to bandwidth, there is good reason for that.
 
  Trying to stick with a supported config as much as possible, I need to 
  run ext3.  As per usual, though, initial ext3 numbers are less than 
  impressive. Using bonnie++ to get a baseline, I get (after doing 
  'blockdev --setra 65536' on the device):
  Write: 136MB/s
  Read:  384MB/s
  
  Proving it's not the hardware, with XFS the numbers look like:
  Write: 333MB/s
  Read:  465MB/s
  
 
 Those are pretty typical numbers. In my experience, ext3 is limited to about
 250MB/s buffered write speed. It's not disk limited, it's design limited. e.g.
 on a disk subsystem where XFS was getting 4-5GB/s buffered write, ext3 was 
 doing
 250MB/s.
 
 http://oss.sgi.com/projects/xfs/papers/ols2006/ols-2006-paper.pdf
 
 If you've got any sort of serious disk array, ext3 is not the filesystem
 to use

To show what the difference is, I used blktrace and Chris Mason's
seekwatcher script on a simple, single threaded dd command on
a 12 disk dm RAID0 stripe:

# dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/scratch/fred bs=1024k count=10k; sync

http://oss.sgi.com/~dgc/writes/ext3_write.png
http://oss.sgi.com/~dgc/writes/xfs_write.png

You can see from the ext3 graph that it comes to a screeching halt
every 5s (probably when pdflush runs) and at all other times the
seek rate is 10,000 seeks/s. That's pretty bad for a brand new,
empty filesystem and the only way it is sustained is the fact that
the disks have their write caches turned on. ext4 will probably show
better results, but I haven't got any of the tools installed to be
able to test it

The XFS pattern shows consistently an order of magnitude less seeks
and consistent throughput above 600MB/s. To put the number of seeks
in context, XFS is doing 512k I/Os at about 1200-1300 per second. The
number of seeks? A bit above 10^3 per second or roughly 1 seek per
I/O which is pretty much optimal.

Cheers,

Dave.

-- 
Dave Chinner
Principal Engineer
SGI Australian Software Group
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-16 Thread Bernd Schubert
On Monday 16 July 2007 14:22:25 David Chinner wrote:
 You can see from the ext3 graph that it comes to a screeching halt
 every 5s (probably when pdflush runs) and at all other times the
 seek rate is 10,000 seeks/s. That's pretty bad for a brand new,
 empty filesystem and the only way it is sustained is the fact that
 the disks have their write caches turned on. ext4 will probably show
 better results, but I haven't got any of the tools installed to be
 able to test it

I recently did some filesystem throuput tests, you may find it here

http://www.pci.uni-heidelberg.de/tc/usr/bernd/downloads/lustre/performance/

ldiskfs is ext3+extents+mballoc+some-smaller-patches, so is almost ext4 
(delayed allocation is still missing, but the clusterfs/lustre people didn't 
port it and I'm afraid of hard to detect filesystem corruptions if I include 
it myself).

Write performance is still slower than with xfs and I'm really considering to 
try to use xfs in lustre.

Cheers,
Bernd


-- 
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Q-Leap Networks GmbH
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-16 Thread Joshua Baker-LePain

On Mon, 16 Jul 2007 at 12:41pm, David Chinner wrote


If you've got any sort of serious disk array, ext3 is not the filesystem
to use


I do so wish that RedHat shared this view...

--
Joshua Baker-LePain
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Duke University
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-16 Thread Eric Sandeen
David Chinner wrote:
 On Mon, Jul 16, 2007 at 12:41:15PM +1000, David Chinner wrote:
 On Fri, Jul 13, 2007 at 03:36:46PM -0400, Justin Piszcz wrote:
...
 If you've got any sort of serious disk array, ext3 is not the filesystem
 to use
 
 To show what the difference is, I used blktrace and Chris Mason's
 seekwatcher script on a simple, single threaded dd command on
 a 12 disk dm RAID0 stripe:
 
 # dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/scratch/fred bs=1024k count=10k; sync
 
 http://oss.sgi.com/~dgc/writes/ext3_write.png
 http://oss.sgi.com/~dgc/writes/xfs_write.png

Were those all with default mkfs  mount options?  ext3 in writeback
mode might be an interesting comparison too.

-Eric
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Re: [Advocacy] Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-16 Thread Matthew Wilcox
On Mon, Jul 16, 2007 at 08:40:00PM +0300, Al Boldi wrote:
 XFS surely rocks, but it's missing one critical component: data=ordered
 And that's one component that's just too critical to overlook for an 
 enterprise environment that is built on data-integrity over performance.
 
 So that's the secret why people still use ext3, and XFS' reliance on external 
 hardware to ensure integrity is really misplaced.
 
 Now, maybe when we get the data=ordered onto the VFS level, then maybe XFS 
 may become viable for the enterprise, and ext3 may cease to be KING.

Wow, thanks for bringing an advocacy thread onto linux-fsdevel.  Just what
we wanted.  Do you have any insight into how to get the data=ordered
onto the VFS level?  Because to me, that sounds like pure nonsense.

-- 
Bill, look, we understand that you're interested in selling us this
operating system, but compare it to ours.  We can't possibly take such
a retrograde step.
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-16 Thread Stuart Levy
On Mon, Jul 16, 2007 at 11:43:24AM -0400, Joshua Baker-LePain wrote:
 On Mon, 16 Jul 2007 at 12:41pm, David Chinner wrote
 
 If you've got any sort of serious disk array, ext3 is not the filesystem
 to use
 
 I do so wish that RedHat shared this view...

So they support XFS in Fedora, but not in RHEL??
(I've been using Fedora...)
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[RFC] VFS: data=ordered (was: [Advocacy] Re: 3ware 9650 tips)

2007-07-16 Thread Al Boldi
Matthew Wilcox wrote:
 On Mon, Jul 16, 2007 at 08:40:00PM +0300, Al Boldi wrote:
  XFS surely rocks, but it's missing one critical component: data=ordered
  And that's one component that's just too critical to overlook for an
  enterprise environment that is built on data-integrity over performance.
 
  So that's the secret why people still use ext3, and XFS' reliance on
  external hardware to ensure integrity is really misplaced.
 
  Now, maybe when we get the data=ordered onto the VFS level, then maybe
  XFS may become viable for the enterprise, and ext3 may cease to be KING.

 Wow, thanks for bringing an advocacy thread onto linux-fsdevel.  Just what
 we wanted.  Do you have any insight into how to get the data=ordered
 onto the VFS level?  Because to me, that sounds like pure nonsense.

Well, conceptually it sounds like a piece of cake, technically your guess is 
as good as mine.  IIRC, akpm once mentioned something like this.

But seriously, can you think of a technical reason why it shouldn't be 
possible to abstract data=ordered mode out into the VFS?


Thanks!

--
Al

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Re: [Advocacy] Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-16 Thread Bryan J. Smith
On Mon, 2007-07-16 at 11:48 -0600, Matthew Wilcox wrote:
 Wow, thanks for bringing an advocacy thread onto linux-fsdevel.  Just what
 we wanted.  Do you have any insight into how to get the data=ordered
 onto the VFS level?  Because to me, that sounds like pure nonsense.

First off, I have no idea who decided to respond to my post and CC:
linux-fsdevel on it.

In retrospect, secondly, I should have not posted my post to linux-raid
in the first place (is that list now mirrored to linux-fsdevel or
something?).  I was just sharing in my frustration of the lack of XFS
support by Red Hat.

So, lastly and in any case, my apologies to all, even if I did not
proliferate it to linux-fsdevel, it was probably not ideal for me to
post such to anything on vger.kernel.org (like linux-raid) in the first
place.


-- 
Bryan J. Smith Professional, Technical Annoyance
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]   http://thebs413.blogspot.com

Fission Power:  An Inconvenient Solution

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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-16 Thread David Chinner
On Mon, Jul 16, 2007 at 10:50:34AM -0500, Eric Sandeen wrote:
 David Chinner wrote:
  On Mon, Jul 16, 2007 at 12:41:15PM +1000, David Chinner wrote:
  On Fri, Jul 13, 2007 at 03:36:46PM -0400, Justin Piszcz wrote:
 ...
  If you've got any sort of serious disk array, ext3 is not the filesystem
  to use
  
  To show what the difference is, I used blktrace and Chris Mason's
  seekwatcher script on a simple, single threaded dd command on
  a 12 disk dm RAID0 stripe:
  
  # dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/scratch/fred bs=1024k count=10k; sync
  
  http://oss.sgi.com/~dgc/writes/ext3_write.png
  http://oss.sgi.com/~dgc/writes/xfs_write.png
 
 Were those all with default mkfs  mount options?  ext3 in writeback
 mode might be an interesting comparison too.

Defaults. i.e.

# mkfs.ext3 /dev/mapper/dm0

# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/dm0

The mkfs.xfs picked up sunit/swidth correctly from the dm volume.

Last time I checked, writeback made little difference to ext3 throughput;
maybe 5-10% at most. I'll run it again later today...

Cheers,

Dave.
-- 
Dave Chinner
Principal Engineer
SGI Australian Software Group
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-15 Thread David Chinner
On Fri, Jul 13, 2007 at 03:36:46PM -0400, Justin Piszcz wrote:
 On Fri, 13 Jul 2007, Jon Collette wrote:
 
 Wouldn't Raid 6 be slower than Raid 5 because of the extra fault tolerance?
   http://www.enterprisenetworksandservers.com/monthly/art.php?1754 - 20% 
 drop according to this article
 
 His 500GB WD drives are 7200RPM compared to the Raptors 10K.  So his 
 numbers will be slower. 
 Justin what file system do you have running on the Raptors?  I think thats 
 an interesting point made by Joshua.
 
 I use XFS:

When it comes to bandwidth, there is good reason for that.

 Trying to stick with a supported config as much as possible, I need to 
 run ext3.  As per usual, though, initial ext3 numbers are less than 
 impressive. Using bonnie++ to get a baseline, I get (after doing 
 'blockdev --setra 65536' on the device):
 Write: 136MB/s
 Read:  384MB/s
 
 Proving it's not the hardware, with XFS the numbers look like:
 Write: 333MB/s
 Read:  465MB/s
 

Those are pretty typical numbers. In my experience, ext3 is limited to about
250MB/s buffered write speed. It's not disk limited, it's design limited. e.g.
on a disk subsystem where XFS was getting 4-5GB/s buffered write, ext3 was doing
250MB/s.

http://oss.sgi.com/projects/xfs/papers/ols2006/ols-2006-paper.pdf

If you've got any sort of serious disk array, ext3 is not the filesystem
to use

 How many folks are using these?  Any tuning tips?

Make sure you tell XFS the correct sunit/swidth. For hardware
raid5/6, sunit = per-disk chunksize, swidth = number of *data* disks in
array.

Cheers,

Dave.
-- 
Dave Chinner
Principal Engineer
SGI Australian Software Group
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-14 Thread Justin Piszcz



On Fri, 13 Jul 2007, Andrew Klaassen wrote:


--- Justin Piszcz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


To give you an example I get 464MB/s write and
627MB/s with a 10 disk
raptor software raid5.


Is that with the 9650?

Andrew




Sorry no, its with software raid 5 and the 965 chipset + three SATA PCI-e 
cards.


Justin.
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-14 Thread Mikael Abrahamsson

On Fri, 13 Jul 2007, Justin Piszcz wrote:

You are using HW RAID then?  Those numbers seem pretty awful for that 
setup, including linux-raid@ even it though it appears you're running HW 
raid, this is rather peculiar.


No, it has been discussed numerous times on this list.

SW raid is faster because it has access to (often) gigabytes of block 
cache, which the HW raid controller doesn't have. SW raid is therefore 
able to avoid a lot of reads when it needs to write, speeding things up 
considerably.


I always use 3ware HW-raid though as I consider it more reliable. Since 
most of my access is write once, read many write speed isn't as 
important to me as data integrity.


Take your 3ware HW-raid, do a dd (read or write) to the device and see it 
being very quick (because it can fit all the data into its cache as it 
either reads or writes), then put a filesystem on it and do writes there, 
especially journaled writes, and see write speed go down to 1/10 or so.


--
Mikael Abrahamssonemail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-14 Thread Andrew Klaassen
--- Justin Piszcz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 
 
 On Fri, 13 Jul 2007, Andrew Klaassen wrote:
 
  --- Justin Piszcz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 
  To give you an example I get 464MB/s write and
  627MB/s with a 10 disk
  raptor software raid5.
 
  Is that with the 9650?
 
  Andrew
 
 
 
 Sorry no, its with software raid 5 and the 965
 chipset + three SATA PCI-e 
 cards.

Which cards?  Those are pretty good numbers, so I'm
interested.

Andrew





 

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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-14 Thread Justin Piszcz



On Sat, 14 Jul 2007, Andrew Klaassen wrote:


--- Justin Piszcz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:




On Fri, 13 Jul 2007, Andrew Klaassen wrote:


--- Justin Piszcz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


To give you an example I get 464MB/s write and
627MB/s with a 10 disk
raptor software raid5.


Is that with the 9650?

Andrew




Sorry no, its with software raid 5 and the 965
chipset + three SATA PCI-e
cards.


Which cards?  Those are pretty good numbers, so I'm
interested.

Andrew


03:00.0 RAID bus controller: Silicon Image, Inc. SiI 3132 Serial ATA Raid 
II Controller (rev 01)


$19.99 2 port SYBA cards (Silicon Image 3132s)

http://www.directron.com/sdsa2pex2ir.html
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-14 Thread Andrew Klaassen
--- Mikael Abrahamsson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 Take your 3ware HW-raid, do a dd (read or write) to
 the device and see it 
 being very quick (because it can fit all the data
 into its cache as it 
 either reads or writes), then put a filesystem on it
 and do writes there, 
 especially journaled writes, and see write speed go
 down to 1/10 or so.

How does non-cached performance tend to compare?

Andrew





   

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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-14 Thread Andrew Klaassen
--- Justin Piszcz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 03:00.0 RAID bus controller: Silicon Image, Inc. SiI
 3132 Serial ATA Raid 
 II Controller (rev 01)
 
 $19.99 2 port SYBA cards (Silicon Image 3132s)
 
 http://www.directron.com/sdsa2pex2ir.html

Cool, thanks.

What are your bonnie++ rewrite numbers?

Andrew




   

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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-14 Thread Justin Piszcz



On Sat, 14 Jul 2007, Andrew Klaassen wrote:


--- Justin Piszcz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


03:00.0 RAID bus controller: Silicon Image, Inc. SiI
3132 Serial ATA Raid
II Controller (rev 01)

$19.99 2 port SYBA cards (Silicon Image 3132s)

http://www.directron.com/sdsa2pex2ir.html


Cool, thanks.

What are your bonnie++ rewrite numbers?

Andrew


3 runs:
p34,16G,77169,99,413276,80,155348,26,78932,99,535482,41,607.0,0,16:10:16/64,1500,12,4886,15,1790,16,1821,17,6081,19,2159,19
p34,16G,77659,99,451593,87,167267,28,79058,99,584310,45,613.1,0,16:10:16/64,1843,15,6006,31,1325,11,1204,12,3629,12,3324,31
p34,16G,77873,99,441881,87,166384,28,75182,99,566384,43,619.4,0,16:10:16/64,1537,13,4474,15,1827,18,880,8,7658,22,3864,36

avg: 
p34,16G,77567,99,435583,84.6667,163000,27.,77724,99,562059,43,613.167,0,16:10:16/64,1626.67,13.,5122,20.,1647.33,15,1301.67,12.,5789.33,17.6667,3115.67,28.6667


rewrite:
163000 KiB/s

When tarring 4.4GB (of backup files) it takes about 20 seconds on XFS.

Seems to vary as I change my configuration a lot:

Here is from a while back:

Version  1.03   --Sequential Output-- --Sequential Input- 
--Random-
-Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- 
--Seeks--
MachineSize K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP 
/sec %CP
p34-raid515696M 73755  99 411445  75 198639  34 78721  99 483169  39 
584.8   0
--Sequential Create-- Random 
Create


p34-raid5,15696M,73755,99,411445,75,198639,34,78721,99,483169,39,584.8,0,16:10:16/64,919,8,9940,28,2841,18,922,8,3225,10,2422,18


Justin.
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-13 Thread Jon Collette

Wouldn't Raid 6 be slower than Raid 5 because of the extra fault tolerance?
   http://www.enterprisenetworksandservers.com/monthly/art.php?1754 - 
20% drop according to this article


His 500GB WD drives are 7200RPM compared to the Raptors 10K.  So his 
numbers will be slower. 

Justin what file system do you have running on the Raptors?  I think 
thats an interesting point made by Joshua.



Justin Piszcz wrote:



On Fri, 13 Jul 2007, Joshua Baker-LePain wrote:

My new system has a 3ware 9650SE-24M8 controller hooked to 24 500GB 
WD drives.  The controller is set up as a RAID6 w/ a hot spare.  OS 
is CentOS 5 x86_64.  It's all running on a couple of Xeon 5130s on a 
Supermicro X7DBE motherboard w/ 4GB of RAM.


Trying to stick with a supported config as much as possible, I need 
to run ext3.  As per usual, though, initial ext3 numbers are less 
than impressive. Using bonnie++ to get a baseline, I get (after doing 
'blockdev --setra 65536' on the device):

Write: 136MB/s
Read:  384MB/s

Proving it's not the hardware, with XFS the numbers look like:
Write: 333MB/s
Read:  465MB/s

How many folks are using these?  Any tuning tips?

Thanks.

--
Joshua Baker-LePain
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Duke University



Let's try that again with the right address :)


You are using HW RAID then?  Those numbers seem pretty awful for that
setup, including linux-raid@ even it though it appears you're running 
HW raid,

this is rather peculiar.

To give you an example I get 464MB/s write and 627MB/s with a 10 disk
raptor software raid5.

Justin.

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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-13 Thread Justin Piszcz



On Fri, 13 Jul 2007, Joshua Baker-LePain wrote:

My new system has a 3ware 9650SE-24M8 controller hooked to 24 500GB WD 
drives.  The controller is set up as a RAID6 w/ a hot spare.  OS is CentOS 5 
x86_64.  It's all running on a couple of Xeon 5130s on a Supermicro X7DBE 
motherboard w/ 4GB of RAM.


Trying to stick with a supported config as much as possible, I need to run 
ext3.  As per usual, though, initial ext3 numbers are less than impressive. 
Using bonnie++ to get a baseline, I get (after doing 'blockdev --setra 65536' 
on the device):

Write: 136MB/s
Read:  384MB/s

Proving it's not the hardware, with XFS the numbers look like:
Write: 333MB/s
Read:  465MB/s

How many folks are using these?  Any tuning tips?

Thanks.

--
Joshua Baker-LePain
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Duke University



Let's try that again with the right address :)


You are using HW RAID then?  Those numbers seem pretty awful for that
setup, including linux-raid@ even it though it appears you're running HW raid,
this is rather peculiar.

To give you an example I get 464MB/s write and 627MB/s with a 10 disk
raptor software raid5.

Justin.

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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-13 Thread Joshua Baker-LePain

On Fri, 13 Jul 2007 at 2:35pm, Justin Piszcz wrote


On Fri, 13 Jul 2007, Joshua Baker-LePain wrote:

My new system has a 3ware 9650SE-24M8 controller hooked to 24 500GB WD 
drives.  The controller is set up as a RAID6 w/ a hot spare.  OS is CentOS 
5 x86_64.  It's all running on a couple of Xeon 5130s on a Supermicro X7DBE 
motherboard w/ 4GB of RAM.


Trying to stick with a supported config as much as possible, I need to run 
ext3.  As per usual, though, initial ext3 numbers are less than impressive. 
Using bonnie++ to get a baseline, I get (after doing 'blockdev --setra 
65536' on the device):

Write: 136MB/s
Read:  384MB/s

Proving it's not the hardware, with XFS the numbers look like:
Write: 333MB/s
Read:  465MB/s

How many folks are using these?  Any tuning tips?

Thanks.


You are using HW RAID then?  Those numbers seem pretty awful for that
setup, including linux-raid@ even it though it appears you're running HW 
raid,

this is rather peculiar.


Yep, hardware RAID -- I need the hot swappability (which, AFAIK, is still 
an issue with md).


--
Joshua Baker-LePain
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Duke University
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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-13 Thread Michael Tokarev
Joshua Baker-LePain wrote:
[]
 Yep, hardware RAID -- I need the hot swappability (which, AFAIK, is
 still an issue with md).

Just out of curiocity - what do you mean by swappability ?

For many years we're using linux software raid, we had no problems
with swappability of the component drives (in case of drive
failures and what not).  With non-hotswappable drives (old scsi
and ide ones), rebooting is needed for the system to recognize the
drives.  For modern sas/sata drives, i can replace a faulty drive
without anyone noticing...  Maybe you're referring to something
else?

Thanks.

/mjt


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Re: 3ware 9650 tips

2007-07-13 Thread Andrew Klaassen
--- Justin Piszcz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 To give you an example I get 464MB/s write and
 627MB/s with a 10 disk
 raptor software raid5.

Is that with the 9650?

Andrew





  

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