[MARMAM] Abstracts and contents - Aquatic Mammals, 32(1), 2006 (fwd)
Dear Marmam and ECS-mailbase subscribers, Apologies in advance to those of you who will be receiving cross-postings. The following is a list of contents of the most recent issue of _Aquatic Mammals_. This publication is supported through a partnership between the European Association for Aquatic Mammals and the European Cetacean Society. For more information on _Aquatic Mammals_, I refer you to the new website for the publication (that includes author guidelines) which not only also has links to both societies: http://www.wiu.edu/users/aquamamm/index/home.htm The abstracts are posted as a courtesy to the journal editors: Managing Editor: Dr. Jeannette Thomas, Department of Biological Sciences, Western Illinois University-Quad Cities, 3561 Street, Moline, Illinois 61265, USA ([EMAIL PROTECTED]; tel: 309-762-9481; fax: 309-762-6989) and Co-Editor and Book Review Editor: Dr. Kathleen Dudzinski, Mystic Aquarium & Institute for Exploration, 55 Coogan Avenue, Mystic, Connecticut 06355, USA ([EMAIL PROTECTED]; tel: 860-572-5955; fax: 860-572-5969). The addresses to whom reprint inquiries should be directed is included with each article. No email addresses were provided with any of the articles. Thank you for your continued interest in this journal and publication postings in general. With warm regards, Dagmar Fertl Geo-Marine, Inc. [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.geo-marine.com Neumann, D.R.*, and M.B. Orams. 2006. Impacts of ecotourism on short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in Mercury Bay, New Zealand. Aquatic Mammals 32(1):1-9. *Luisenstrasse 2, 76530 Baden-Baden, Germany Short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) often are found in large aggregations offshore from the eastern coast of New Zealand. They are the primary target of at least six marine mammal tourism operations from Whakatane to the Hauraki Gulf. This report details the first long-term investigation of interactions between tourists and common dolphins. During a 3-y study offshore from Whitianga on the Coromandel Peninsula, 105 focal group follows, totaling 118 h of observations were conducted from a 5.5-m, rigid-hull inflatable boat. Seventy-two of these observations were conducted in the absence of the tour boat (baseline), and 33 with the tour boat. Baseline data were compared with "tour boat" data to assess changes in dolphin behaviour resulting from the tour boat approaching and swimmers entering the water to snorkel with the dolphins. Common dolphins responded with a relatively predictable pattern to approaching boats. Initial attraction (mean duration 8 min) typically was followed by neutral behaviour (mean duration 57 min) and eventually replaced by boat avoidance. Smaller dolphin groups showed boat avoidance sooner and more frequently than larger groups. When swimmers entered the water, dolphins only spent an average of 2 min in their vicinity. Throughout encounters, they maintained a distance of at least 3 m from the nearest swimmer. During half of the attempted swims, dolphins did not change their course or their activity in response to swimmers. Swimmers had a better chance of a sustained interaction when the group of dolphins was large (> 50 individuals) and/or the number of swimmers in the water was small (< 5). The results of this study suggested that common dolphins can be affected by tourism; however, adherence to New Zealand's Marine Mammals Protection Regulations and the current low level of tourism appear to minimise the impact on this species. *** Weiss, J.* 2006. Foraging habitats and associated preferential foraging specializations of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) mother-calf pairs. Aquatic Mammals 32(1):10-19. Current address: Geo-Marine, Inc. 2713 Magruder Boulevard, Suite D, Hampton, VA 23666, USA Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) use a variety of foraging specializations to detect and pursue prey. Like other mammals, individual dolphins may use specialized foraging techniques that are shaped in response to habitat type or prey resources. The long duration of the mother-calf bond presents an opportunity for mothers to transmit such specializations to their calves. This study explored how the use of foraging specializations may influence selection of foraging habitats and how such specializations may spread within a dolphin community. Focal animal follows were used to document the foraging behavior of five resident females and their calves from June to August 2003 in Sarasota Bay, Florida. Sarasota Bay was classified into six habitat types based upon bathymetry and bottom topography. Individual females differed in their selection of foraging habitats. Three of the five focal females used one of two foraging specializations—kerplunking and barrier-feeding—and exhibited a preference for only one type of behavior. A significant difference in
[MARMAM] New paper on sperm whale diving and foraging behavior
The following paper on the diving and foraging behavior of sperm whales was recently published: Watwood, Stephanie L., Miller, Patrick J.O., Johnson, Mark, Madsen, Peter T., and Tyack, Peter L. 2006. Deep-diving foraging behaviour of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus). Journal of Animal Ecology 75: 814-825. Pdf reprints for those interested are available from [EMAIL PROTECTED]. Summary 1. Digital tags were used to describe diving and vocal behaviour of sperm whales during 198 complete and partial foraging dives made by 37 individual sperm whales in the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico and the Ligurian Sea. 2. The maximum depth of dive averaged by individual differed across the three regions and was 985 m (SD = 124·3), 644 m (123·4) and 827 m (60·3), respectively. An average dive cycle consisted of a 45 min (6·3) dive with a 9 min (3·0) surface interval, with no significant differences among regions. On average, whales spent greater than 72% of their time in foraging dive cycles. 3. Whales produced regular clicks for 81% (4·1) of a dive and 64% (14·6) of the descent phase. The occurrence of buzz vocalizations (also called ‘creaks’) as an indicator of the foraging phase of a dive showed no difference in mean prey capture attempts per dive between regions [18 buzzes/dive (7·6)]. Sperm whales descended a mean of 392 m (144) from the start of regular clicking to the first buzz, which supports the hypothesis that regular clicks function as a long-range biosonar. 4. There were no significant differences in the duration of the foraging phase [28 min (6·0)] or percentage of the dive duration in the foraging phase [62% (7·3)] between the three regions, with an overall average proportion of time spent actively encountering prey during dive cycles of 0·53 (0·05). Whales maintained their time in the foraging phase by decreasing transit time for deeper foraging dives. 5. Similarity in foraging behaviour in the three regions and high diving efficiencies suggest that the success of sperm whales as mesopelagic predators is due in part to long-range echolocation of deep prey patches, efficient locomotion and a large aerobic capacity during diving. -- ><> <>< ><> <>< ><> <>< ><> <>< ><> <>< Stephanie L. Watwood Postdoctoral Investigator Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Marine Research Facility MS#50 Woods Hole MA 02543 508-289-3463 (phone) 508-457-2138 (fax) www.whoi.edu/people/swatwood <>< ><> <>< ><> <>< ><> <>< ><> <>< ><> ___ MARMAM mailing list MARMAM@lists.uvic.ca https://lists.uvic.ca/mailman/listinfo/marmam
[MARMAM] New publications week 20
Dear all, here are some new publications of week 20 / 2006, which haven't been announced on MARMAM earlier AFAIK. By clicking the following link you are guided to a website, where the following references are linked to their according journal homepages. There you can find abstracts and contact information: http://www.mmbib.com/news.html Please do not contact MARMAM, the MARMAM editors or me for reprints. Thank you. Kindest Regards, Jan Herrmann CETACEA Holt, S. (2006): Propaganda and pretext. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52(4): 363-366. Janik, V.M., L.S. Sayigh, and R.S. Wells (2006): Signature whistle shape conveys identity information to bottlenose dolphins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103(21): 8293-8297. Kjeld, M. et al. (2006): Sex Hormones and Reproductive Status of the North Atlantic Fin Whales (Balaenoptera physalus) During the Feeding Season. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 75-84. McKinney, M.A. et al. (2006): Organohalogen contaminants and metabolites in beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) liver from two Canadian populations. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25(5): 1246-1257. Neumann, D.R. and M.B. Orams (2006): Impacts of Ecotourism on Short-Beaked Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in Mercury Bay, New Zealand. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 1-9. Nikaido, M. et al. (2005): Baleen Whale Phylogeny and a Past Extensive Radiation Event Revealed by SINE Insertion Analysis. Molecular Biology and Evolution 23(5): 866-873. Pérez, M.J. et al. (2006): Fin Whales (Balaenoptera physalus) Feeding on Euphausia mucronata in Nearshore Waters off North-Central Chile. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 109-113. Reyes, L.M. (2006): Cetaceans of Central Patagonia, Argentina. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 20-30. Schusterman, R.J. (2006): Entanglements: the Intertwined Fates of Whales and Fishermen. Tora Johnson. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 114-115. Sourisseau, M., Y. Simard, and F.J. Saucier (2006): Krill aggregation in the St. Lawrence system, and supply of krill to the whale feeding grounds in the estuary from the gulf. Marine Ecology Progress Series 314(): 257-270. Turner, J.P. et al. (2006): Organ Weights and Growth Profiles in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 46-57. Weiss, J. (2006): Foraging Habitats and Associated Preferential Foraging Specializations of Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Mother-Calf Pairs. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 10-19. PINNIPEDIA Cooper, L.W. et al. (2006): Rapid Seasonal Sea-Ice Retreat in the Arctic Could Be Affecting Pacific Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) Recruitment. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 98-102. Haulena, M. et al. (2006): Lesions associated with a novel Mycoplasma sp. In california sea lions (Zalophus californianus) undergoing rehabilitation. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 42(1): 40-45. McDonald, B.I. and D.E. Crocker (2006): Physiology and Behavior Influence Lactation Efficiency in Northern Elephant Seals (Mirounga angustirostris). Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 79(3): 484-496. McFadden, K.W., G.A.J. Worthy, and T.E. Lacher (2006): Photogrammetric Estimates of Size and Mass in Hawaiian Monk Seals (Monachus schauinslandi). Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 31-40. Mellish, J.-A.E. et al. (2006): Temporary Captivity as a Research Tool: Comprehensive Study of Wild Pinnipeds Under Controlled Conditions. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 58-65. Nollens, H.H. et al. (2006): Pathology and preliminary characterization of a parapoxvirus isolated from a california sea lion (Zalophus californianus). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 42(1): 23-32. Trites, A.W. et al. (2006): Insights into the Timing of Weaning and the Attendance Patterns of Lactating Steller Sea Lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska During Winter, Spring, and Summer. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 85-97. OTHER MARINE MAMMALS Fellner, W. et al. (2006): Response to Conditioned Stimuli by Two Rehabilitated and Released West Indian Manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris). Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 66-74. Lanyon, J.M., K. Newgrain, and T. Sahir Syah Alli (2006): Estimation of Water Turnover Rate in Captive Dugongs (Dugong dugon). Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 103-108. Ortiz, R.M. and G.A.J. Worthy (2006): Body Composition and Water Turnover Rates of Bottle-Fed West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus) Calves. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 41-45. Ross, S.R. (2006): Issues of choice and control in the behaviour of a pair of captive polar bears (Ursus maritimus). Behavioral Processes 73(1): 117-120. Yan, J. et al. (2006): Application of fracture mechanics to failure in manatee rib bone. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 128(3): 281-289. -- --> jan.herrmann -at - cetacea.de ___ MARMAM mailing list MARMAM@lists.uvic.ca https://lists.uvic.ca/mailman/listinfo/marmam
