Re: [meteorite-list] Scientists find most Earth-like planet yet
Hi, All, In our fast moving world, Gliese 581 and its new planet already have a Wikipedia entry! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliese_581 There is another planet, a close hot "Neptune" discovered earlier and they're pretty sure there's a third planet further out. The bigger planet also has a Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliese_581_b It's just like show business: yesterday, you were a nobody and today, you're a Star! Gliese 581 is about 1/3rd of the mass of the Sun, which means that it is only 0.037 the luminosity of the Sun, a mere 3.7%. Gliese 581 is a neighbor, only 20.4 light years away, one of the 100 closest stars. The newly discovered planet is 0.073 AU from the star, about 11,000,000 kilometers, and takes only 12.91 days, or 310 hours, to orbit its star. If it seems to you that it must be rather dim on Gliese 581c, with a star only 3.7% of the brightness of the Sun... think again! At 0.073 AU, a star is 187.5 times brighter than it is at 1.0 AU, so it's fortunate that the star is only 3.7% of the brightness of our Sun, because "sunlight" on Gliese 581c is a mere 6.95 times BRIGHTER than sunlight on Earth. See, we already know something about space travel to Gliese 581c! Take Sunglasses!! My guess is that Gliese 581c is likely at the warmer end of that temperature estimate of 0 degrees to 40 degrees. Even though the brightness is 6.95 times brighter than Earth, this is weak red light, not hot buttery yellow sunlight like Earth. Those red photons just don't pack the punch... At 5 times the mass of the Earth, Gliese 581c is a Super Earth. What would a Super Earth be like? All we can assume is that it will be made out of roughly the same elements in roughly the same proportions as our own Earth, which may not be true at all, but it's a starting point (and an assumption we make about our own solar system en toto). If you start with the same recipe mix of ingredients as the Earth and just made a bigger batch of planet (five boxes of Earth Mix), is it just the same as the Earth, only more so? Nope, more of the same is definitely not the same. If the Earth were bigger, the volume of water would increase faster than the increase in surface area, so the oceans would be deeper. Because of the deeper oceans and the greater gravity, the pressures at the bottoms of those oceans would be much higher. Continents and their mountains would be much lower, because the temperatures in the crust would increase faster with depth, until the fluid point would be reached in the crust instead of the mantle like it is on "our" Earth. Mountains can only pile up until the pressures under them are about 3000 to 3500 atmospheres, and that zone would be reached at shallower and shallower depths on a bigger and bigger Earth. Since the solid crust of a larger "Earth" would be much thinner, heat transfer to the surface much faster, vulcanism much livelier, plate tectonics much zippier. Gliese 581c will have a 2.25 times the surface area of the Earth, 3.375 times the volume of the Earth, a density of about 8.0 gm/cm^3, and a surface gravity 2.2 times greater than the Earth's (Note to Self: take support hose as well as sunglasses). Because it would have 5 times the water but only 2.25 times the surface, the average ocean depth would be about 6700 meters! The pressure at the depths of these oceans would be about 2200 atmospheres. The highest mountains possible would be about 5000 meters (calculating from the median diameter), so if you were the greatest mountain climber on Gliese 581c, standing on the top of Gliese 581c's highest mountain, you would have 1500 meters of water above you! Whoops! No continents. Gliese 581c must be a WaterWorld! With a world-wide ocean in free circulation, it is likely that temperatures are fairly uniform over the planet, without great differences between the climate of the equator and the poles, whatever the inclination of Gliese 581c's axis. On our Earth, the crust is about 30 kilometers thick, but the lithosphere (rocks that stay stiff and not slushy and slippy) is about 75 kilometers, so the Earth's lithosphere contains all the crust and the top part of the mantle. The crust of Gliese 581c would be about 70 km thick, but the lithosphere would only be about 50 kilometers thick. This means that it would be very difficult to sink pieces of crust (by subduction) and equally difficult to bring deep basalt magmas to the surface, and the upper lithosphere is probably impoverished in iron-rich and silica-poor rock types. On the other hand, Gliese 581c's silicate crust would be recycled very rapidly with lots of local vulcanism and "hotspots" and have a very similar composition everywhere. The only weathering that would be possible would be chemical, because all the volatiles are released into the oceans rather than the atmosphere. Any "continental" rises would be underwater. So a bigger Earth is not just a
[meteorite-list] Scientists find most Earth-like planet yet
http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/space/04/24/exoplanet.reut/index.html WASHINGTON (Reuters) -- European astronomers have spotted what they say is the most Earth-like planet yet outside our solar system, with balmy temperatures that could support water and, potentially, life. They have not directly seen the planet, orbiting a red dwarf star called Gliese 581. But measurements of the star suggest that a planet not much larger than the Earth is pulling on it, the researchers say in a letter to the editor of the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics. "This one is the first one that is at the same time probably rocky, with water, and in a zone close to the star where the water could exist in liquid form," said Stephane Udry of the Geneva Observatory in Switzerland, who led the study. "We have estimated that the mean temperature of this super-Earth lies between 0 and 40 degrees Celsius, and water would thus be liquid." Most of the 200 or so planets that have been spotted outside this solar system have been gas giants like Jupiter. But this one is small. "Its radius should be only 1.5 times the Earth's radius, and models predict that the planet should be either rocky, like our Earth, or covered with oceans," Udry said in a telephone interview. It appears to have a mass five times that of Earth's. The research team includes scientists credited with the first widely accepted discovery of a planet outside our solar system, in 1995. Many teams are looking for planets circling other stars. They are especially looking for those similar to our own, planets that could support life. That means finding water. X marks the spot "Because of its temperature and relative proximity, this planet will most probably be a very important target of the future space missions dedicated to the search for extra-terrestrial life," Xavier Delfosse, a member of the team from Grenoble University in France, said in a statement. "On the treasure map of the universe, one would be tempted to mark this planet with an X." Gliese 581 is among the 100 closest stars to Earth, just 20.5 light-years away in the constellation Libra. A light-year is the distance light travels in a year, about 6 trillion miles (10 trillion km). It is smaller and dimmer than the sun, so the planet can be close to it and yet not be overheated. "These low-mass stars are the ones where we are going to be able to discover planets in the habitable zone first," said planet-hunter David Bennett of the University of Notre Dame in Indiana, who was not involved in the research. Bennett cautioned that current temperature alone does not mean water still exists on the planet. It could have burned off ages ago, when the star was hotter than it is now. Udry's team uses a method known as radial velocity, using the European Southern Observatory telescope at La Silla, Chile. The same team has identified one larger planet orbiting Gliese 581 already and say they have strong evidence of a third planet with a mass about eight times that of the Earth. Future missions, perhaps in 20 to 30 years, may be able to block the light from the star and take a spectrographic image of the planets. The color of the light coming from the planet can give hints of whether water, or perhaps large amounts of plant life, exist there. __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
[meteorite-list] whitlua creek
Hi bob and list.As with alot of australia meteorites,I have never heard of that one before.I do not have any of that,but I do have a piece of PINAROO mesosiderite.I got to admit,aussy meteorites have some of the coolest names on earth.I wish I had more of the rare ones. steve Steve R.Arnold,chicago,Ill,Usa!! Collecting Meteorites since 06/19/1999!! www.chicagometeorites.net.Specializing in Gao Meteorites! Ebay I.D. Illinoismeteorites __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
Re: [meteorite-list] OT:Chinese Fake Meteorite= Mail Fraud 3 BAD knowingly and willingly---Delete if not interested
Adam, Dirk and List, You are correct. Wholesale*gem (aka- mineralmall, mineral-station) is a dishonest seller and not someone who is misinformed. Please note what a 'winning bidder' related: " I bought 2 a few months ago and immediately returned them. I had to leave a positive feedback in order to get my refund. I complained to ebay that they were selling items falsely represented, but never heard back from them. Wholesale gem also has a way of blocking most of their feedback. I don't know why ebay continues to let them sell. I hope that you weren't taken also. If so, make a complaint to ebay. Maybe if they get enough people doing this, they'll shut them down. Thanks ... J" Complaints are obviously key but I am puzzled why eBay acts on some and not others. Best, Ken Newton #9632 http://tinyurl.com/27bkgk(IMCA - China Scam) http://home.earthlink.net/~ebaywrong/China_scam.html http://home.earthlink.net/~magellon/updates.html drtanuki wrote: Dear List, Please kindly disregard if not interested. For those of you that want to check out this seller, WHOLESALE*GEM, scam have a look at his feedback history, especially his EARLY feedback with many questionable mystery positive feedbacks. http://feedback.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewFeedback&userid=wholesale*gem&items=200&page=2&frompage=-1&iid=-1&de=off This sellers continues to sell his "meteorites" even though he was advised by more than one buyer that he was not selling meteorites. Recently he is keeping his bidders private so that no one can contact them. Anyone with good contacts in eBay please contact them for an investigation. Thank you. Best, Dirk Ross...Tokyo __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
Re: [meteorite-list] Queensland Meteorites
Hi all, That ol' Oz Dog, Bob Walker has asked me to post to the list for him, as he is currently blocked: His QMIG (Queensland Meteorites Interest Group) is now back "up" at: http://members.optuszoo.com.au/~qwalkra2/ He added, "Would you please ask the list on my behalf if anyone has any WHITULA CREEK for sale" Bob can be reached at: Bob WALKER <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Best wishes, Michael __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
Re: [meteorite-list] Steve Arnold on CNBC Tonight
Geoff noted; "Steve "Brenham" Arnold will be a guest star on CNBC TV tonight." Thanks for the heads up Geoff. That yellow hummer gets him around. Steve gave a talk at the Exploration Place here Saturday where it was Astronomy Day (the place the Brenham main mass was recently on display) and showed the Travel Channel and the PBS film and answered questions at our rock show Sunday. For the later I would like to thank Steve for taking time out of his busy schedule for attending and being a part of local events here in the Air Plane Capital. Clear Skies, Mark Bostick Wichita, Kansas www.meteoritearticles.com www.imca.cc www.kansasmeteorites.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
[meteorite-list] OT:Chinese Fake Meteorite= Mail Fraud 3 BAD knowingly and willingly---Delete if not interested
Dear List, Please kindly disregard if not interested. For those of you that want to check out this seller, WHOLESALE*GEM, scam have a look at his feedback history, especially his EARLY feedback with many questionable mystery positive feedbacks. http://feedback.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewFeedback&userid=wholesale*gem&items=200&page=2&frompage=-1&iid=-1&de=off This sellers continues to sell his "meteorites" even though he was advised by more than one buyer that he was not selling meteorites. Recently he is keeping his bidders private so that no one can contact them. Anyone with good contacts in eBay please contact them for an investigation. Thank you. Best, Dirk Ross...Tokyo __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
Re: [meteorite-list] nuevo mecurio TKW
Steve & all, I should have read more before posting, it says the TKW is unknown, and over 5 kgs have been recovered and over 300 stones. Best Wishes, Joe Kerchner http://illinoismeteorites.com - Original Message From: Joe <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: meteorite list Sent: Tuesday, April 24, 2007 9:24:20 AM Subject: Re: [meteorite-list] nuevo mecurio TKW Steve, The TKW is 50 kgs, at least that is what it say on the metbull, here is a link. if the link does not work just copy and paste it in the adress bar. http://tin.er.usgs.gov/meteor/metbull.php?sea=nuevo+mercurio&sfor=names&ants=&falls=&stype=contains&lrec=50&map=ge&browse=&country=All&srt=name&categ=All&mblist=All&phot=&snew=0&pnt=no&code=17938 Best Wishes, Joe Kerchner http://illinoismeteorites.com - Original Message From: steve arnold <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com Sent: Tuesday, April 24, 2007 8:20:29 AM Subject: [meteorite-list] nuevo mecurio TKW Good morning list.I have been doing some digging around online to ckeck out what the TKW is on nuevo mercurio.The 1978 witness fall.I just bought from bruce wegmann,a 117 gram individual and as I look around,meteorites A to Z says 5 plus kilo's,mike farmer on his sight says less than 10 kilo's,than looking on another collection site,it says over 40 kilo's.WHO IS RIGHT???Just want to know.This is a real nice meteorite.And no matteo,gao is still the order of my life,I only wanted a really nice individual.You can veiw it on my homepage of my website.Let me know off list. steve Steve R.Arnold,chicago,Ill,Usa!! Collecting Meteorites since 06/19/1999!! www.chicagometeorites.net.Specializing in Gao Meteorites! Ebay I.D. Illinoismeteorites __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
Re: [meteorite-list] nuevo mecurio TKW
Steve, The TKW is 50 kgs, at least that is what it say on the metbull, here is a link. if the link does not work just copy and paste it in the adress bar. http://tin.er.usgs.gov/meteor/metbull.php?sea=nuevo+mercurio&sfor=names&ants=&falls=&stype=contains&lrec=50&map=ge&browse=&country=All&srt=name&categ=All&mblist=All&phot=&snew=0&pnt=no&code=17938 Best Wishes, Joe Kerchner http://illinoismeteorites.com - Original Message From: steve arnold <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com Sent: Tuesday, April 24, 2007 8:20:29 AM Subject: [meteorite-list] nuevo mecurio TKW Good morning list.I have been doing some digging around online to ckeck out what the TKW is on nuevo mercurio.The 1978 witness fall.I just bought from bruce wegmann,a 117 gram individual and as I look around,meteorites A to Z says 5 plus kilo's,mike farmer on his sight says less than 10 kilo's,than looking on another collection site,it says over 40 kilo's.WHO IS RIGHT???Just want to know.This is a real nice meteorite.And no matteo,gao is still the order of my life,I only wanted a really nice individual.You can veiw it on my homepage of my website.Let me know off list. steve Steve R.Arnold,chicago,Ill,Usa!! Collecting Meteorites since 06/19/1999!! www.chicagometeorites.net.Specializing in Gao Meteorites! Ebay I.D. Illinoismeteorites __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
[meteorite-list] nuevo mecurio TKW
Good morning list.I have been doing some digging around online to ckeck out what the TKW is on nuevo mercurio.The 1978 witness fall.I just bought from bruce wegmann,a 117 gram individual and as I look around,meteorites A to Z says 5 plus kilo's,mike farmer on his sight says less than 10 kilo's,than looking on another collection site,it says over 40 kilo's.WHO IS RIGHT???Just want to know.This is a real nice meteorite.And no matteo,gao is still the order of my life,I only wanted a really nice individual.You can veiw it on my homepage of my website.Let me know off list. steve Steve R.Arnold,chicago,Ill,Usa!! Collecting Meteorites since 06/19/1999!! www.chicagometeorites.net.Specializing in Gao Meteorites! Ebay I.D. Illinoismeteorites __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
[meteorite-list] Some United States Postal Service URLs
Below are some United States Postal Service URLs, which might be of interest to people. United States Postal Service Mail Fraud Complaint Form https://www.usps.com/postalinspectors/fraud/MailFraudComplaint.htm Mail Fraud Report Form https://www.usps.com/postalinspectors/ps8165.pdf https://www.usps.com/postalinspectors/fraud/ContactUs.htm Best Regards, Paul __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
[meteorite-list] Chinese Meteorite Fraud on eBay - Federal Mail Fraud Charges??
It was written "Dear Adam and List, Still more meteorite fraud still on eBay:" ...rest of text removed... Looking the mailing instructions, the person or persons are using the US mail to send their "merchandise" to the auction winners. It seems like the use of the US mail would make them open to federal mail fraud charges if one of the winners or someone else complained to the United States Postal Service. Best Regards, Paul __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Meteorite-list mailing list Meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list
