I have noticed that although it is required to pass $r to Apache::Cookie->new() as the first argument, it appears that no type checking is performed. In other words, if I pass anything else as the first arg, no error is reported. However the subsequent call to $cookie->as_string will result in an empty string. I wonder if it is possible to do a simple type checking there, since this is the biggest difference from CGI::Cookie, and for people familiar with CGI::Cookie it would be a nice debugging info. Thanks very much. Fred Xia