[ozmidwifery] Reflux

2007-02-02 Thread Helen and Graham
Just found this article whilst surfing the net.  I feel anecdotally that both 
reflux and colic are overdiagnosed.  I am a midwife but not a MCH nurse.  If it 
is so common maybe it IS a normal variation..what do you think about it?  
It just seems to me that some people aren't happy until they have a label and a 
medicine to treat it with when they have an unsettled baby.  Maybe I am being 
too simplistic about this subject.  

Interested in the thoughts of some of our online listers.

Helen

http://www.bubhub.com.au/newsletterdec0601.shtml

  Reflux is so common it is almost seen as 'normal', or even trivial, and 
most people just don't understand how difficult life can be for many families, 
or understand the impact reflux can have on their lives! They may think of it 
erroneously as 'just a bit of vomiting', or 'just a behavioural issue'. They 
don't see how it impacts on the child's eating, sleeping, growth, behaviour or 
quality of life; or on the family's quality of life, relationships between 
partners, siblings or other children; finances; and even leisure time. The 
truth is, only families who have experienced it for themselves really 
understand.

  Many families:


a.. Have difficulty getting people to believe just how bad the vomiting 
and/or the screaming really are

b.. receive conflicting and confusing advice

c.. become socially isolated

d.. feel like failures as parents

e.. have family and friends who just didn't understand

   

Even when a baby is suffering from relatively uncomplicated reflux, families 
often need reassurance, and enjoy talking to someone who understands. For the 
families whose infants suffer complications, it is even more important that 
they can talk to other parents, and have the support, reassurance and 
understanding they need to get through this stressful experience


[ozmidwifery] Mumsnet threats by Gina Ford's lawyers

2007-02-02 Thread Helen and Graham
I thought this was interesting given threads last year by Kelly about similar 
complaints on BellyBelly.  These lawyers obviously mean business.  Scary stuff 
and a worry for free speech. I wonder what the outcome was as this happened mid 
last year.

Helen

http://www.mumsnet.com/

Mumsnet and Gina Ford 
It is with great regret that we have to ask members to refrain from any further 
discussion of Gina Ford, her methods or her books on the site. 
Explanation  http://www.mumsnet.com/lw/state.html
Recent statements  http://www.mumsnet.com/ginaford/state08082006.html
Press coverage  http://www.mumsnet.com/PressCoverage.html

Re: [ozmidwifery] Reflux

2007-02-02 Thread Pinky McKay
Helen - I tend to agree - I see many babies who have been 'diagnosed'with 
reflux - I heard a paed speak ( sorry cant remember his name) who said it was 
more to do with anxiety/ lack of attunement than a 'stomach' condition -I 
wouldnt blame parents though as anyone with an unsettled baby would be anxious/ 
vicious cycle. I have though seen babies settle miraculously' after a little 
work with parents - teaching baby massage is a very non-intrusive/ non 
blaming way to help parents become confident at attuning with baby non-verbal 
cues and thus responding appropriately; also if they do a few tangible things 
like positioning babies - ie head elevated - I show a lovely position with a 
pillow between parents bent legs( feet together, knees open, with pillow 
resting on parents feet), baby facing parent, so baby and parent make good eye 
contact - babies seem to stop grizzling straight away - and colic holds ; 
'colic' massage -I too am a bit sceptical about all the 'wind' that seems to be 
around; plus a few changes to mums diet ( wonder if some of this is allergies/ 
food sensitivity - mums tend to fill up on chocolate when they feel stressed 
with unsettled bubs) and within days babies are much better.

perhaps having a label takes away the blame aspect that parents are doing 
something wrong - I also see babies for whom meds make no difference - eg one 
this week diagnosed with 'reflux' -I suggested a really good paediatric chiro 
locally - bub had been breech ( vag birth) and turned out he had a shoulder  
dislocated - mum also eating loads of dairy. Bub was much calmer after his 
shoulder was fixed, relaxed and took a full massage that afternoon - the 
previous session he cried so much he couldnt be massaged at all.

I wonder if the 'overdiagnosis' of reflux is a treatment of symptoms not a look 
at what could be causing the crying and /or vomiting.

Pinky
  - Original Message - 
  From: Helen and Graham 
  To: ozmidwifery 
  Sent: Saturday, February 03, 2007 9:22 AM
  Subject: [ozmidwifery] Reflux


  Just found this article whilst surfing the net.  I feel anecdotally that both 
reflux and colic are overdiagnosed.  I am a midwife but not a MCH nurse.  If it 
is so common maybe it IS a normal variation..what do you think about it?  
It just seems to me that some people aren't happy until they have a label and a 
medicine to treat it with when they have an unsettled baby.  Maybe I am being 
too simplistic about this subject.  

  Interested in the thoughts of some of our online listers.

  Helen

  http://www.bubhub.com.au/newsletterdec0601.shtml

Reflux is so common it is almost seen as 'normal', or even trivial, and 
most people just don't understand how difficult life can be for many families, 
or understand the impact reflux can have on their lives! They may think of it 
erroneously as 'just a bit of vomiting', or 'just a behavioural issue'. They 
don't see how it impacts on the child's eating, sleeping, growth, behaviour or 
quality of life; or on the family's quality of life, relationships between 
partners, siblings or other children; finances; and even leisure time. The 
truth is, only families who have experienced it for themselves really 
understand.

Many families:


  a.. Have difficulty getting people to believe just how bad the 
vomiting and/or the screaming really are

  b.. receive conflicting and confusing advice

  c.. become socially isolated

  d.. feel like failures as parents

  e.. have family and friends who just didn't understand

 

  Even when a baby is suffering from relatively uncomplicated reflux, families 
often need reassurance, and enjoy talking to someone who understands. For the 
families whose infants suffer complications, it is even more important that 
they can talk to other parents, and have the support, reassurance and 
understanding they need to get through this stressful experience


[ozmidwifery] Article about natural birth and brain haemorrhage

2007-02-02 Thread Helen and Graham
Haven't they got anything better to research??!!

Helen
http://www.guardian.co.uk/medicine/story/0,,2001561,00.html
One in four natural births causes brain haemorrhage
Ian Sample
Tuesday January 30, 2007
The Guardian 
Giving birth naturally increases the risk of minor brain haemorrhages in 
newborn babies, according to a study. Brain scans of babies aged between one 
and five weeks showed small ruptures in blood vessels in or around the brain 
are common, affecting one in four children born naturally. 
Babies delivered by caesarean section showed no signs of even minor bleeding. 

In most cases, the haemorrhages are harmless and heal naturally, but larger 
ruptures can affect brain development, leading to seizures, or problems with 
learning or coordination. 


Doctors at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, used magnetic 
resonance imaging (MRI) to scan 88 healthy newborns. Of the 65 delivered 
naturally, 17 had intracranial haemorrhages and seven had ruptures in at least 
two separate regions. 
John Gilmore, a professor of psychiatry and lead scientist on the study, said 
the bleeding was not caused by the size of the baby or the baby's head, the 
duration of labour, or the use of vacuum or forceps to assist delivery. The 
bleeds are probably caused by pressure on the skull during delivery, he said. 

The scientists noticed the high rate of haemorrhages while conducting scans to 
assess brain development in children perceived to be at high risk of mental 
disorders. What we've shown is that if you get these bleeds, you don't have to 
think something has gone wrong with the delivery, because these are common, 
said Prof Gilmore, whose study is published in Radiology. 

The team will conduct further scans when the babies are one and two years old. 
This may help doctors assess future cases of shaken baby syndrome, where 
injuries to a baby are contested. In some cases, parents or guardians claim 
brain injuries have been inflicted naturally at birth. The scans may reveal 
whether small haemorrhages at birth grow to become more threatening, or 
gradually heal with time.
Special reports
Medicine and health

Useful links
British Medical Association
Department of Health
General Medical Council
Health on the Net Foundation
Institute of Cancer Research
Medical Research Council
NHS Direct
Royal Institute of Public Health
World Health Organisation



[ozmidwifery] newcastle conference Friday Feb9th Sat Feb 10th

2007-02-02 Thread catherine whelan

Dear All,

Places are filling fast for this innovative and informative gig.

There are several international speakers of reknown...


Do you know we have the worlds No 1 expert on CTG's here Prof. Sarbaratnam 
Arulkumaran, who is Prof of OG St Georges Hospital, London.


Plus our own Prof, Maralyn Foureur, talking about the psycho-social effect 
of EFM. You will remember Maralyn ran the first RCT on one to one midwifery 
care as opposed to usual care, in Australia.



Come be inspired, educated and challenged.
Ring Dee on: (02) 49214727
see you there!
Love
catherine whelan

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Re: [ozmidwifery] Reflux

2007-02-02 Thread MHOOK
I don't know about over-diagnosis- my second baby (now 17) had reflux and it 
made her first six months the worst of my life. I'd had a perfectly normal time 
with my first baby, he was unsettled like most and woke at night until over 12 
months but I considered that that was normal and looked forward to my second 
child with pleasure and anticipation. 

It was a nightmare- not hte birth, that was fine, but from about 3 weeks of age 
she screamed constantly, vomitted even while attached to the breast, never 
slept for more than 10 minutes at a time day or night- no one understood how 
terrible it was, she was obviously in pain, poor mite; my toddler was seriously 
shortchanged because how can you leave a child who is shrieking with pain to go 
and play with the other one. Just things like the carpet (whole house was 
carpeted, even the kitchen) being simply filthy from her constant vomiting, 
which was not projectile but which managed to defeat the towels etc I had 
strategically placed. The crying got me down dreadfully, this was nothing like 
I'd experienced with my first child. There was just no way to soothe her. I 
still have a colour chart I filled out at that time, showing her behaviour in 
ten minute slots over a week to show the baby health sister- red for unsettled, 
blue for feeding, green for sleeping etc. That sounds excessive but truly, I 
felt I needed evidence for people to believe me; they said things like, Oh yes 
it's difficult with two, in a patronising way as if it was just me not coping 
with an unsettled baby when I knew it was more than that.

We tried all the normal things, positioning, Early childhood centre, 
paediatrician, medication, nothing worked. Although she was fully breastfed she 
had the most atrocious constipation, stools like pieces of chalk that had to be 
drawn out when half expelled because she couldn't get it out. Finally I went to 
a homeopathic dr and whatever he gave her (smelt like pure alcohol but I was 
desperate enough to try anything!) fixed the pain overnight. She still vomitted 
and still was very wakeful but without the constant crying and pain behaviour 
it was so much easier to cope with. 

I'd been told it would probably get better when she was standing up and it did, 
over about a week all the vomitting etc stopped and life became about a 
thousand times easier. 

So I think that 'reflux' is very different from 'unsettled baby' but after what 
I went through I'd be inclined to give any mother who said her baby had reflux 
the benefit of the doubt, and the offer of a little help.

Monica


- Original Message - 
  From: Helen and Graham 
  To: ozmidwifery 
  Sent: Saturday, February 03, 2007 9:22 AM
  Subject: [ozmidwifery] Reflux


  Just found this article whilst surfing the net.  I feel anecdotally that both 
reflux and colic are overdiagnosed.  I am a midwife but not a MCH nurse.  If it 
is so common maybe it IS a normal variation..what do you think about it?  
It just seems to me that some people aren't happy until they have a label and a 
medicine to treat it with when they have an unsettled baby.  Maybe I am being 
too simplistic about this subject.  

  Interested in the thoughts of some of our online listers.

  Helen

  http://www.bubhub.com.au/newsletterdec0601.shtml

Reflux is so common it is almost seen as 'normal', or even trivial, and 
most people just don't understand how difficult life can be for many families, 
or understand the impact reflux can have on their lives! They may think of it 
erroneously as 'just a bit of vomiting', or 'just a behavioural issue'. They 
don't see how it impacts on the child's eating, sleeping, growth, behaviour or 
quality of life; or on the family's quality of life, relationships between 
partners, siblings or other children; finances; and even leisure time. The 
truth is, only families who have experienced it for themselves really 
understand.

Many families:


  a.. Have difficulty getting people to believe just how bad the 
vomiting and/or the screaming really are

  b.. receive conflicting and confusing advice

  c.. become socially isolated

  d.. feel like failures as parents

  e.. have family and friends who just didn't understand

 

  Even when a baby is suffering from relatively uncomplicated reflux, families 
often need reassurance, and enjoy talking to someone who understands. For the 
families whose infants suffer complications, it is even more important that 
they can talk to other parents, and have the support, reassurance and 
understanding they need to get through this stressful experience


RE: [ozmidwifery] Article about natural birth and brain haemorrhage

2007-02-02 Thread Belinda Pound
My GOODNESS!!!  All in the name of research...I definitely wouldn't be
letting my newborn have a MRI scan!  I wonder if the parents were paid (and
if so..how much) to allow their newborn to take part?  Interesting to see if
there is an increase in cancers for this research group in years to come.

Belinda

  _  

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Helen and Graham
Sent: Saturday, 3 February 2007 9:49 AM
To: ozmidwifery
Subject: [ozmidwifery] Article about natural birth and brain haemorrhage

 


Haven't they got anything better to research??!!


 

Helen


 http://www.guardian.co.uk/medicine/story/0,,2001561,00.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/medicine/story/0,,2001561,00.html


One in four natural births causes brain haemorrhage


Ian Sample
Tuesday January 30, 2007
 http://www.guardian.co.uk/ The Guardian 
Giving birth naturally increases the risk of minor brain haemorrhages in
newborn babies, according to a study. Brain scans of babies aged between one
and five weeks showed small ruptures in blood vessels in or around the brain
are common, affecting one in four children born naturally. 


Babies delivered by caesarean section showed no signs of even minor
bleeding. 

In most cases, the haemorrhages are harmless and heal naturally, but larger
ruptures can affect brain development, leading to seizures, or problems with
learning or coordination. 

Doctors at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, used magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) to scan 88 healthy newborns. Of the 65 delivered
naturally, 17 had intracranial haemorrhages and seven had ruptures in at
least two separate regions. 

John Gilmore, a professor of psychiatry and lead scientist on the study,
said the bleeding was not caused by the size of the baby or the baby's head,
the duration of labour, or the use of vacuum or forceps to assist delivery.
The bleeds are probably caused by pressure on the skull during delivery,
he said. 

The scientists noticed the high rate of haemorrhages while conducting scans
to assess brain development in children perceived to be at high risk of
mental disorders. What we've shown is that if you get these bleeds, you
don't have to think something has gone wrong with the delivery, because
these are common, said Prof Gilmore, whose study is published in Radiology.


The team will conduct further scans when the babies are one and two years
old. This may help doctors assess future cases of shaken baby syndrome,
where injuries to a baby are contested. In some cases, parents or guardians
claim brain injuries have been inflicted naturally at birth. The scans may
reveal whether small haemorrhages at birth grow to become more threatening,
or gradually heal with time.
Special reports
 http://www.guardian.co.uk/medicine/0,,618095,00.html Medicine and health

Useful links
 http://www.bma.org.uk/ British Medical Association
 http://www.doh.gov.uk/ Department of Health
 http://www.gmc-uk.org/ General Medical Council
 http://www.hon.ch/ Health on the Net Foundation
 http://www.icr.ac.uk/ Institute of Cancer Research
 http://www.mrc.ac.uk/ Medical Research Council
 http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/index.asp NHS Direct
 http://www.riph.org.uk/ Royal Institute of Public Health
 http://www.who.int/ World Health Organisation



Re: [ozmidwifery] Reflux

2007-02-02 Thread meg
Pinky,
Firstly, let me say Pinky, that I have the greatest respect for you and your 
beliefs, but let me admit straight up that I am very sceptical of 
chiropracters, particularly those who are happy to manipulate babies. So I must 
ask, did this baby have any symptoms of a dislocated shoulder? Was it favouring 
the other arm or not moving it at all? Was it lengthened, disproportionate to 
the body or other arm, or was there an abnormality in the appearance of the 
shoulder. I have never seen a baby with a dislocated shoulder, broken clavicle 
and erbs palsy yes, but no dislocation. I have seen adults with dislocations 
and they are rather easy to spot and can be fun to replace! I would have been 
surprised that a breech birth would be associated with a dislocated shoulder. 
There is a correlation between breech birth and congenital dislocation of the 
hip, particularly in girls. I am unsure how the mechanisms of breech birth 
(Hands off the breech) would cause such an injury. Perhaps you can offer me 
some insight into this case?

Thankfully,
Megan
  - Original Message - 
  From: Pinky McKay 
  To: ozmidwifery@acegraphics.com.au 
  Sent: Saturday, February 03, 2007 10:35 AM
  Subject: Re: [ozmidwifery] Reflux


  Helen - I tend to agree - I see many babies who have been 'diagnosed'with 
reflux - I heard a paed speak ( sorry cant remember his name) who said it was 
more to do with anxiety/ lack of attunement than a 'stomach' condition -I 
wouldnt blame parents though as anyone with an unsettled baby would be anxious/ 
vicious cycle. I have though seen babies settle miraculously' after a little 
work with parents - teaching baby massage is a very non-intrusive/ non 
blaming way to help parents become confident at attuning with baby non-verbal 
cues and thus responding appropriately; also if they do a few tangible things 
like positioning babies - ie head elevated - I show a lovely position with a 
pillow between parents bent legs( feet together, knees open, with pillow 
resting on parents feet), baby facing parent, so baby and parent make good eye 
contact - babies seem to stop grizzling straight away - and colic holds ; 
'colic' massage -I too am a bit sceptical about all the 'wind' that seems to be 
around; plus a few changes to mums diet ( wonder if some of this is allergies/ 
food sensitivity - mums tend to fill up on chocolate when they feel stressed 
with unsettled bubs) and within days babies are much better.

  perhaps having a label takes away the blame aspect that parents are doing 
something wrong - I also see babies for whom meds make no difference - eg one 
this week diagnosed with 'reflux' -I suggested a really good paediatric chiro 
locally - bub had been breech ( vag birth) and turned out he had a shoulder  
dislocated - mum also eating loads of dairy. Bub was much calmer after his 
shoulder was fixed, relaxed and took a full massage that afternoon - the 
previous session he cried so much he couldnt be massaged at all.

  I wonder if the 'overdiagnosis' of reflux is a treatment of symptoms not a 
look at what could be causing the crying and /or vomiting.

  Pinky
- Original Message - 
From: Helen and Graham 
To: ozmidwifery 
Sent: Saturday, February 03, 2007 9:22 AM
Subject: [ozmidwifery] Reflux


Just found this article whilst surfing the net.  I feel anecdotally that 
both reflux and colic are overdiagnosed.  I am a midwife but not a MCH nurse.  
If it is so common maybe it IS a normal variation..what do you think about 
it?  It just seems to me that some people aren't happy until they have a label 
and a medicine to treat it with when they have an unsettled baby.  Maybe I am 
being too simplistic about this subject.  

Interested in the thoughts of some of our online listers.

Helen

http://www.bubhub.com.au/newsletterdec0601.shtml

  Reflux is so common it is almost seen as 'normal', or even trivial, 
and most people just don't understand how difficult life can be for many 
families, or understand the impact reflux can have on their lives! They may 
think of it erroneously as 'just a bit of vomiting', or 'just a behavioural 
issue'. They don't see how it impacts on the child's eating, sleeping, growth, 
behaviour or quality of life; or on the family's quality of life, relationships 
between partners, siblings or other children; finances; and even leisure time. 
The truth is, only families who have experienced it for themselves really 
understand.

  Many families:


a.. Have difficulty getting people to believe just how bad the 
vomiting and/or the screaming really are

b.. receive conflicting and confusing advice

c.. become socially isolated

d.. feel like failures as parents

e.. have family and friends who just didn't understand

   

Even when a baby is suffering from relatively uncomplicated reflux, 
families often need reassurance, and 

Re: [ozmidwifery] Article about natural birth and brain haemorrhage

2007-02-02 Thread Denise Hynd
I find this part contradictory 

John Gilmore, a professor of psychiatry and lead scientist on the study, said 
the bleeding was not caused by the size of the baby or the baby's head, the 
duration of labour, or the use of vacuum or forceps to assist delivery. The 
bleeds are probably caused by pressure on the skull during delivery, he said. 



It suggests  poor parameters of what defines natural birth

 and  DENIAL of the pressure on the skull during a vacuum or forceps birth 
which have an adult exerting a pull of varying strength on the foetal skull 
through to the spine ??

Denise Hynd


Let us support one another, not just in philosophy but in action, for the sake 
of freedom for all women to choose exactly how and by whom, if by anyone, our 
bodies will be handled.

- Linda Hes

  - Original Message - 
  From: Belinda Pound 
  To: ozmidwifery@acegraphics.com.au 
  Sent: Saturday, February 03, 2007 11:26 AM
  Subject: RE: [ozmidwifery] Article about natural birth and brain haemorrhage


  My GOODNESS!!!  All in the name of research...I definitely wouldn't be 
letting my newborn have a MRI scan!  I wonder if the parents were paid (and if 
so..how much) to allow their newborn to take part?  Interesting to see if there 
is an increase in cancers for this research group in years to come.

  Belinda


--

  From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Helen and 
Graham
  Sent: Saturday, 3 February 2007 9:49 AM
  To: ozmidwifery
  Subject: [ozmidwifery] Article about natural birth and brain haemorrhage

   

  Haven't they got anything better to research??!!
   

  Helen

  http://www.guardian.co.uk/medicine/story/0,,2001561,00.html
  One in four natural births causes brain haemorrhage
  Ian Sample
  Tuesday January 30, 2007
  The Guardian 
  Giving birth naturally increases the risk of minor brain haemorrhages in 
newborn babies, according to a study. Brain scans of babies aged between one 
and five weeks showed small ruptures in blood vessels in or around the brain 
are common, affecting one in four children born naturally. 
  Babies delivered by caesarean section showed no signs of even minor bleeding. 

  In most cases, the haemorrhages are harmless and heal naturally, but larger 
ruptures can affect brain development, leading to seizures, or problems with 
learning or coordination. 

  Doctors at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, used magnetic 
resonance imaging (MRI) to scan 88 healthy newborns. Of the 65 delivered 
naturally, 17 had intracranial haemorrhages and seven had ruptures in at least 
two separate regions. 

  John Gilmore, a professor of psychiatry and lead scientist on the study, said 
the bleeding was not caused by the size of the baby or the baby's head, the 
duration of labour, or the use of vacuum or forceps to assist delivery. The 
bleeds are probably caused by pressure on the skull during delivery, he said. 

  The scientists noticed the high rate of haemorrhages while conducting scans 
to assess brain development in children perceived to be at high risk of mental 
disorders. What we've shown is that if you get these bleeds, you don't have to 
think something has gone wrong with the delivery, because these are common, 
said Prof Gilmore, whose study is published in Radiology. 

  The team will conduct further scans when the babies are one and two years 
old. This may help doctors assess future cases of shaken baby syndrome, where 
injuries to a baby are contested. In some cases, parents or guardians claim 
brain injuries have been inflicted naturally at birth. The scans may reveal 
whether small haemorrhages at birth grow to become more threatening, or 
gradually heal with time.
  Special reports
  Medicine and health

  Useful links
  British Medical Association
  Department of Health
  General Medical Council
  Health on the Net Foundation
  Institute of Cancer Research
  Medical Research Council
  NHS Direct
  Royal Institute of Public Health
  World Health Organisation



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[ozmidwifery] RE: reflux

2007-02-02 Thread Alesa Koziol
Not wishing to simplify this discussion but I found this somewhere, years ago 
and it took my fancy, (don't know if it is a genuine quote, but if it is..) it 
suggests that colic and its associated parental concerns have been with us for 
a very long time!
 
..Peine in the belly is a common disease of children

 

The childe cannot rest but cryeth and fretteth itself

 

Moreover the noyse and rumbling in the guttes, hither and thider, 

 

declareth the childe to be greved, with wynde in the belly, and 

 

colyke...

 


Thomas Phaire's Boke of Chyldren, 1545
 

Cheers

Alesa




Re: [ozmidwifery] Article about natural birth and brain haemorrhage

2007-02-02 Thread Alesa Koziol
Pardon my scepticism but what exactly did this research prove? With so many 
variables I am surprised that any conclusions could be drawn!
Alesa 

  Haven't they got anything better to research??!!

  Helen
  http://www.guardian.co.uk/medicine/story/0,,2001561,00.html
  One in four natural births causes brain haemorrhage
  Ian Sample
  Tuesday January 30, 2007
  The Guardian 
  Giving birth naturally increases the risk of minor brain haemorrhages in 
newborn babies, according to a study. Brain scans of babies aged between one 
and five weeks showed small ruptures in blood vessels in or around the brain 
are common, affecting one in four children born naturally. 
  Babies delivered by caesarean section showed no signs of even minor bleeding. 

  In most cases, the haemorrhages are harmless and heal naturally, but larger 
ruptures can affect brain development, leading to seizures, or problems with 
learning or coordination. 


  Doctors at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, used magnetic 
resonance imaging (MRI) to scan 88 healthy newborns. Of the 65 delivered 
naturally, 17 had intracranial haemorrhages and seven had ruptures in at least 
two separate regions. 
  John Gilmore, a professor of psychiatry and lead scientist on the study, said 
the bleeding was not caused by the size of the baby or the baby's head, the 
duration of labour, or the use of vacuum or forceps to assist delivery. The 
bleeds are probably caused by pressure on the skull during delivery, he said. 

  The scientists noticed the high rate of haemorrhages while conducting scans 
to assess brain development in children perceived to be at high risk of mental 
disorders. What we've shown is that if you get these bleeds, you don't have to 
think something has gone wrong with the delivery, because these are common, 
said Prof Gilmore, whose study is published in Radiology. 

  The team will conduct further scans when the babies are one and two years 
old. This may help doctors assess future cases of shaken baby syndrome, where 
injuries to a baby are contested. In some cases, parents or guardians claim 
brain injuries have been inflicted naturally at birth. The scans may reveal 
whether small haemorrhages at birth grow to become more threatening, or 
gradually heal with time.
  Special reports
  Medicine and health

  Useful links
  British Medical Association
  Department of Health
  General Medical Council
  Health on the Net Foundation
  Institute of Cancer Research
  Medical Research Council
  NHS Direct
  Royal Institute of Public Health
  World Health Organisation