[PATCHES] TODO item: remove postmaster -o option
Hi, attached is a patch against HEAD that removes the postmaster's -o option. It passes make check on i386 Ubuntu 5.10. I sent an e-mail earlier today asking about the status of this TODO item to -hackers. No answers so far :) Markus Bertheau ? GNUmakefile ? config.log ? config.status ? contrib/spi/.deps ? doc/src/sgml/ref/.postgres-ref.sgml.swp ? src/Makefile.global ? src/backend/postgres ? src/backend/access/common/.deps ? src/backend/access/gist/.deps ? src/backend/access/hash/.deps ? src/backend/access/heap/.deps ? src/backend/access/index/.deps ? src/backend/access/nbtree/.deps ? src/backend/access/transam/.deps ? src/backend/bootstrap/.deps ? src/backend/catalog/.deps ? src/backend/catalog/postgres.bki ? src/backend/catalog/postgres.description ? src/backend/catalog/postgres.shdescription ? src/backend/commands/.deps ? src/backend/executor/.deps ? src/backend/lib/.deps ? src/backend/libpq/.deps ? src/backend/main/.deps ? src/backend/nodes/.deps ? src/backend/optimizer/geqo/.deps ? src/backend/optimizer/path/.deps ? src/backend/optimizer/plan/.deps ? src/backend/optimizer/prep/.deps ? src/backend/optimizer/util/.deps ? src/backend/parser/.deps ? src/backend/port/.deps ? src/backend/postmaster/.deps ? src/backend/postmaster/.postmaster.c.swp ? src/backend/regex/.deps ? src/backend/rewrite/.deps ? src/backend/storage/buffer/.deps ? src/backend/storage/file/.deps ? src/backend/storage/freespace/.deps ? src/backend/storage/ipc/.deps ? src/backend/storage/large_object/.deps ? src/backend/storage/lmgr/.deps ? src/backend/storage/page/.deps ? src/backend/storage/smgr/.deps ? src/backend/tcop/.deps ? src/backend/utils/.deps ? src/backend/utils/adt/.deps ? src/backend/utils/cache/.deps ? src/backend/utils/error/.deps ? src/backend/utils/fmgr/.deps ? src/backend/utils/hash/.deps ? src/backend/utils/init/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/conversion_create.sql ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/ascii_and_mic/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/ascii_and_mic/libascii_and_mic.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/cyrillic_and_mic/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/cyrillic_and_mic/libcyrillic_and_mic.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/euc_cn_and_mic/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/euc_cn_and_mic/libeuc_cn_and_mic.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/euc_jp_and_sjis/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/euc_jp_and_sjis/libeuc_jp_and_sjis.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/euc_kr_and_mic/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/euc_kr_and_mic/libeuc_kr_and_mic.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/euc_tw_and_big5/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/euc_tw_and_big5/libeuc_tw_and_big5.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/latin2_and_win1250/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/latin2_and_win1250/liblatin2_and_win1250.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/latin_and_mic/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/latin_and_mic/liblatin_and_mic.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_ascii/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_ascii/libutf8_and_ascii.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_big5/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_big5/libutf8_and_big5.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_cyrillic/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_cyrillic/libutf8_and_cyrillic.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_euc_cn/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_euc_cn/libutf8_and_euc_cn.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_euc_jp/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_euc_jp/libutf8_and_euc_jp.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_euc_kr/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_euc_kr/libutf8_and_euc_kr.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_euc_tw/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_euc_tw/libutf8_and_euc_tw.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_gb18030/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_gb18030/libutf8_and_gb18030.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_gbk/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_gbk/libutf8_and_gbk.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_iso8859/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_iso8859/libutf8_and_iso8859.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_iso8859_1/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_iso8859_1/libutf8_and_iso8859_1.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_johab/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_johab/libutf8_and_johab.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_sjis/.deps ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_sjis/libutf8_and_sjis.so.0.0 ? src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs/utf8_and_uhc
Re: [PATCHES] TODO item: remove postmaster -o option
[Apologies to Bruce for the double send] 2006/3/5, Bruce Momjian pgman@candle.pha.pa.us: I not gotten to reply to your earlier email. Removal of -o requires that all the postgres flags be supported by the postmaster. I think Peter Eisentraut is working on a patch to merge the two binaries and the conflicting options. The docs say The use of this option is obsolete; all command-line options for server processes can be specified directly on the postmaster command line Markus Bertheau ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 4: Have you searched our list archives? http://archives.postgresql.org
Re: [PATCHES] is it a bug ?
, 2005-03-03 04:38 -0500, Tom Lane : Zouari Fourat [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: here's what logs contain : ATTENTION: Laisse de ct les caractres UTF-8 inconvertibles 0xc389 ATTENTION: Laisse de ct les caractres UTF-8 inconvertibles 0xf474e9 ATTENTION: Laisse de ct les caractres UTF-8 inconvertibles 0xf474e9 ATTENTION: Laisse de ct les caractres UTF-8 inconvertibles 0xf474e9 ATTENTION: Laisse de ct les caractres UTF-8 inconvertibles 0xf474e9 PANIQUE: ERRORDATA_STACK_SIZE exceeded [ been expecting someone who knows more than me to step forward, but ... ] What I think is happening here is that PG is expecting the translated messages in your .po files to have the same encoding as your database encoding, but they aren't. Can you convert the .po files to match your preferred encoding? Usually gettext handles this for you. And in fact, postgres.mo for russian is encoded in KOI8-R and messages from the server are displayed correctly UTF-8 database sessions under a UTF-8 locale. Markus -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] signature.asc Description: =?koi8-u?Q?=E3=C0?= =?koi8-u?Q?_=DE=C1=D3=D4=C9=CE=D5?= =?koi8-u?Q?_=D0=CF=D7=A6=C4=CF=CD=CC=C5=CE=CE?= =?koi8-u?Q?=D1?= =?koi8-u?Q?_=D0=A6=C4=D0=C9=D3=C1=CE=CF?= =?koi8-u?Q?_=C3=C9=C6=D2=CF=D7=C9=CD?= =?koi8-u?Q?_=D0=A6=C4=D0=C9=D3=CF=CD?=
Re: [PATCHES] [HACKERS] UTF8 or Unicode
, 26/02/2005 15:50 -0500, Bruce Momjian : Other than that the other conversion files were already named fine, e.g. ascii_to_utf_8 (no UNICODE), however it is utf_8 and not utf8. I am unsure how to handle these. General remark about the spelling of this encoding: The correct encoding name is UTF-8. The official name and spelling of this encoding is UTF-8, where UTF stands for UCS Transformation Format. Please do not write UTF-8 in any documentation text in other ways (such as utf8 or UTF_8), unless of course you refer to a variable name and not the encoding itself. from http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8 Thanks -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 2: you can get off all lists at once with the unregister command (send unregister YourEmailAddressHere to [EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: [PATCHES] Preliminary patch for on-the-fly relpages/reltuples
, 29/11/2004 19:14 -0500, Tom Lane : + /* + * lazy_update_relstats - update pg_class statistics for a table or index + * + * We always want to set relpages to an accurate value. However, for lazy + * VACUUM it seems best to set reltuples to the average of the number of + * rows before vacuuming and the number after vacuuming, rather than just + * using the number after vacuuming. This will result in the best average + * performance in a steady-state situation where VACUUMs are performed + * regularly on a table of roughly constant size, assuming that the physical + * number of pages in the table stays about the same throughout. (Note that + * we do not apply the same logic to VACUUM FULL, because it repacks the table + * and thereby boosts the tuple density.) + */ + static void + lazy_update_relstats(Relation rel, BlockNumber num_pages, + double num_tuples, double tuples_removed, + bool hasindex) + { + num_tuples = ceil(num_tuples + tuples_removed * 0.5); Not understanding a thing about the PG source code, and judging from the variable names, wouldn't you want ceil(num_tuples + (num_tuples - tuples_removed) * 0.5) instead? + vac_update_relstats(RelationGetRelid(rel), num_pages, num_tuples, + hasindex); } -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 6: Have you searched our list archives? http://archives.postgresql.org
Re: [PATCHES] contrib/xml2: add function xml_encode_special_chars
, 06.11.2004, 23:13, Simon Riggs : On Sat, 2004-11-06 at 00:36, Markus Bertheau wrote: , 06.11.2004, 01:24, Peter Eisentraut : Markus Bertheau wrote: attached is a patch that adds the function xml_encode_special_chars to the xml2 contrib module. It's against 8.0beta4. It's intended for commit. Would you also tell us what this function does? It calls the similarly named function from libxml2. It replaces characters that carry a special meaning in XML (, , , and \r) with their respective XML entities. Wow! Hadn't noticed xml2 didn't do that. Thats pretty important... What do you mean, it didn't do that? Where had you expected it to do that? -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 5: Have you checked our extensive FAQ? http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faqs/FAQ.html
Re: [PATCHES] contrib/xml2: add function xml_encode_special_chars
, 07.11.2004, 00:55, Peter Eisentraut : Markus Bertheau wrote: It calls the similarly named function from libxml2. It replaces characters that carry a special meaning in XML (, , , and \r) with their respective XML entities. Where does this fit with the overall scheme of things? I mean, you clearly wouldn't call that function on an XML document. I need this function when I create an XML representation of some data in a plpgsql function. -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 6: Have you searched our list archives? http://archives.postgresql.org
[PATCHES] contrib/xml2: add function xml_encode_special_chars
Hi, attached is a patch that adds the function xml_encode_special_chars to the xml2 contrib module. It's against 8.0beta4. It's intended for commit. I would have CC'ed the author, John Gray, but I was unable to find his email address. -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] postgresql-8.0.0beta4/: config.log postgresql-8.0.0beta4/: config.status postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2: libpgxml.a postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2: libpgxml.so postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2: libpgxml.so.0 postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2: libpgxml.so.0.0 postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2: pgxml.sql diff -cr postgresql-8.0.0beta4.orig/contrib/xml2/pgxml.sql.in postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2/pgxml.sql.in *** postgresql-8.0.0beta4.orig/contrib/xml2/pgxml.sql.in 2004-03-07 21:41:27.0 +0100 --- postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2/pgxml.sql.in 2004-11-05 12:20:42.608943509 +0100 *** *** 3,8 --- 3,11 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION xml_valid(text) RETURNS bool AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE 'c' WITH (isStrict); + CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION xml_encode_special_chars(text) RETURNS text + AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE 'c' WITH (isStrict); + CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION xpath_string(text,text) RETURNS text AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE 'c' WITH (isStrict); diff -cr postgresql-8.0.0beta4.orig/contrib/xml2/xpath.c postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2/xpath.c *** postgresql-8.0.0beta4.orig/contrib/xml2/xpath.c 2004-10-13 03:26:42.0 +0200 --- postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2/xpath.c 2004-11-05 12:20:13.131025200 +0100 *** *** 40,45 --- 40,46 Datum xml_valid(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS); + Datum xml_encode_special_chars(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS); Datum xpath_nodeset(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS); Datum xpath_string(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS); Datum xpath_number(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS); *** *** 186,191 --- 187,220 } + /* Encodes special characters (, , , and \r) as XML entities */ + + PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(xml_encode_special_chars); + + Datum + xml_encode_special_chars(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) + { + text *tin = PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0); + text *tout; + int32 ressize; + xmlChar *ts, *tt; + + ts = pgxml_texttoxmlchar(tin); + + tt = xmlEncodeSpecialChars(NULL, ts); + + pfree(ts); + + ressize = strlen(tt); + tout = (text *) palloc(ressize + VARHDRSZ); + memcpy(VARDATA(tout), tt, ressize); + VARATT_SIZEP(tout) = ressize + VARHDRSZ; + + xmlFree(tt); + + PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(tout); + } + static xmlChar * pgxmlNodeSetToText(xmlNodeSetPtr nodeset, postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2: xpath.o postgresql-8.0.0beta4/contrib/xml2: xslt_proc.o postgresql-8.0.0beta4/: GNUmakefile postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src/backend/port: dynloader.c postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src/backend/port: pg_sema.c postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src/backend/port: pg_shmem.c postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src/backend/port: tas.s postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src/include: dynloader.h postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src/include: pg_config.h postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src/include: pg_config_os.h postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src/include: stamp-h postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src: Makefile.global postgresql-8.0.0beta4/src: Makefile.port ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 5: Have you checked our extensive FAQ? http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faqs/FAQ.html
Re: [PATCHES] contrib/xml2: add function xml_encode_special_chars
, 06.11.2004, 01:24, Peter Eisentraut : Markus Bertheau wrote: attached is a patch that adds the function xml_encode_special_chars to the xml2 contrib module. It's against 8.0beta4. It's intended for commit. Would you also tell us what this function does? It calls the similarly named function from libxml2. It replaces characters that carry a special meaning in XML (, , , and \r) with their respective XML entities. -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 1: subscribe and unsubscribe commands go to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: [PATCHES] [SQL] array_in: '{}}'::text[]
, 28.08.2004, 21:33, Joe Conway : /* special case for an empty array */ ! if (strcmp(str, {}) == 0) return 0; Without looking at the code in a whole, you accept '{} ' as an empty array literal, so why is the special case for '{}' needed here? I should be catched by the code that accepts additional whitespace after the last closing brace, just that there is no white space: + /* only whitespace is allowed after the closing brace */ + while (*ptr) + { + if (!isspace(*ptr++)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION), + errmsg(malformed array literal: \%s\, str))); + } + + /* special case for an empty array */ + if (empty_array) + return 0; Here's the second special case for empty arrays. -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 7: don't forget to increase your free space map settings
Re: [PATCHES] First attempt: support for '\dg' in psql
, 06.07.2004, 19:09, Andrew Dunstan : Bruce Momjian said: I have moved the mention of the dash higher in the TODO file. Maybe you could put the dash in a different color (red?) so it stands out more. Or maybe the whole item could go in a different color if done. Yes, what about stroke through: done TODO item -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: [PATCHES] First attempt: support for \dg in psql
This is already in: http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql-server/src/bin/psql/describe.c.diff?r1=texttr1=1.89r2=texttr2=1.90f=h The - in front of that item on the todo list[1] means that it's already done. This information probably needs to appear more prominently on the todo page. [1] http://developer.postgresql.org/todo.php Thanks. -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 2: you can get off all lists at once with the unregister command (send unregister YourEmailAddressHere to [EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: [PATCHES] Patch for psql startup clarity
, 30.01.2004, 23:45, David Fetter : \? for help on internal slash (i.e. psql) commands I think it should be \? for help with psql commands firstly because the adjective internal is really subjective and secondly because the fact that it's internal in whatever way is completely unimportant and irrelevant to the user. -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 6: Have you searched our list archives? http://archives.postgresql.org
[PATCHES] psql: \dg and groups for \du
Hi, attached is a patch that adds display of the groups a user belongs to to \du and a \dg command to psql. It's against 7.4beta5. -- Markus Bertheau [EMAIL PROTECTED] diff -ru postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/command.c postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/command.c --- postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/command.c 2003-10-11 20:04:26.0 +0200 +++ postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/command.c 2003-11-02 19:31:27.0 +0100 @@ -363,6 +363,9 @@ case 'f': success = describeFunctions(pattern, show_verbose); break; + case 'g': +success = describeGroups(pattern); +break; case 'l': success = do_lo_list(); break; diff -ru postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/describe.c postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/describe.c --- postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/describe.c 2003-10-17 02:57:04.0 +0200 +++ postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/describe.c 2003-11-02 19:38:31.0 +0100 @@ -1272,12 +1272,13 @@ WHEN u.usesuper THEN CAST('%s' AS pg_catalog.text)\n WHEN u.usecreatedb THEN CAST('%s' AS pg_catalog.text)\n ELSE CAST('' AS pg_catalog.text)\n - END AS \%s\\n + END AS \%s\,\n + ARRAY(SELECT g.groname FROM pg_catalog.pg_group g WHERE u.usesysid = ANY(g.grolist)) as \%s\\n FROM pg_catalog.pg_user u\n, _(User name), _(User ID), _(superuser, create database), _(superuser), _(create database), - _(Attributes)); + _(Attributes), _(Groups)); processNamePattern(buf, pattern, false, false, NULL, u.usename, NULL, NULL); @@ -1300,6 +1301,46 @@ /* + * \dg + * + * Describes groups. + */ +bool +describeGroups(const char *pattern) +{ + PQExpBufferData buf; + PGresult *res; + printQueryOpt myopt = pset.popt; + + initPQExpBuffer(buf); + + printfPQExpBuffer(buf, + SELECT g.groname AS \%s\,\n + g.grosysid AS \%s\\n + FROM pg_catalog.pg_group g\n, + _(Group name), _(Group ID)); + + processNamePattern(buf, pattern, false, false, + NULL, g.groname, NULL, NULL); + + appendPQExpBuffer(buf, ORDER BY 1;); + + res = PSQLexec(buf.data, false); + termPQExpBuffer(buf); + if (!res) + return false; + + myopt.nullPrint = NULL; + myopt.title = _(List of database groups); + + printQuery(res, myopt, pset.queryFout); + + PQclear(res); + return true; +} + + +/* * listTables() * * handler for \d, \dt, etc. diff -ru postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/describe.h postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/describe.h --- postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/describe.h 2003-08-05 01:59:40.0 +0200 +++ postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/describe.h 2003-11-02 19:31:27.0 +0100 @@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ /* \du */ bool describeUsers(const char *pattern); +/* \dg */ +bool describeGroups(const char *pattern); + /* \z (or \dp) */ bool permissionsList(const char *pattern); diff -ru postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/help.c postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/help.c --- postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/help.c 2003-10-02 08:39:31.0 +0200 +++ postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/help.c 2003-11-02 19:31:27.0 +0100 @@ -216,6 +216,7 @@ fprintf(output, _( \\dd [PATTERN] show comment for object\n)); fprintf(output, _( \\dD [PATTERN] list domains\n)); fprintf(output, _( \\df [PATTERN] list functions (add \+\ for more detail)\n)); + fprintf(output, _( \\dg [PATTERN] list groups\n)); fprintf(output, _( \\dn [PATTERN] list schemas\n)); fprintf(output, _( \\do [NAME] list operators\n)); fprintf(output, _( \\dllist large objects, same as \\lo_list\n)); diff -ru postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.c postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.c --- postgresql-7.4beta5.orig/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.c 2003-10-17 13:52:06.0 +0200 +++ postgresql-7.4beta5/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.c 2003-11-02 19:32:40.0 +0100 @@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ static char *backslash_commands[] = { \\a, \\connect, \\C, \\cd, \\copy, \\copyright, - \\d, \\da, \\dc, \\dC, \\dd, \\dD, \\df, \\di, + \\d, \\da, \\dc, \\dC, \\dd, \\dD, \\df, \\dg, \\di, \\dl, \\dn, \\do, \\dp, \\ds, \\dS, \\dt, \\dT, \\dv, \\du, \\e, \\echo, \\encoding, ---(end of broadcast)--- TIP 6: Have you searched our list archives? http://archives.postgresql.org