ANN: PyDev 0.9.8.1 released
Hi All, PyDev - Python IDE (Python Development Enviroment for Eclipse) version 0.9.8.1 has been released. Check the homepage (http://pydev.sourceforge.net/) for more details. Details for Release: 0.9.8.1 Major highlights: --- * Java 1.4 support reintroduced. * Styles added for syntax highlighting (bold and italic), contributed by Gerhard Kalab. Others that are new and noteworthy: - * zombie process after exiting eclipse should not happen anymore * paths with '.' are accepted for the pythonpath (unless they start with a '.', because it may not accept relative paths). * relative imports are added to code-completion * local imports are taken into consideration when doing code completion * debugger has 'change support', so, changed variables in a scope appear red Cheers, Fabio -- Fabio Zadrozny -- Software Developer ESSS - Engineering Simulation and Scientific Software www.esss.com.br PyDev - Python Development Enviroment for Eclipse pydev.sf.net pydev.blogspot.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
BayPIGgies: DATE CHANGE September 15, 7:30pm (Google)
DATE CHANGE: The next meeting of BayPIGgies will be Thurs, September 15 at 7:30pm at Google. We still don't have a room at Google; Paul Marxhausen has accepted the task of pinging people, but we may need to switch to Ironport if we don't get a room by Tuesday. Agenda has not been finalized -- we've got several topics and are juggling them. Stay tuned! BayPIGgies meetings alternate between IronPort (San Bruno, California) and Google (Mountain View, California). For more information and directions, see http://www.baypiggies.net/ Before the meeting, we plan to meet at 6pm for dinner. Discussion of dinner plans is handled on the BayPIGgies mailing list. Advance notice: The October 13 meeting agenda has been set. Please send e-mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] if you want to suggest an agenda (or volunteer to give a presentation). We've got some options on the plate for November but haven't settled anything yet. -- Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ The way to build large Python applications is to componentize and loosely-couple the hell out of everything. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: Possible improvement to slice opperations.
On Tue, 06 Sep 2005 10:31:33 GMT, Ron Adam [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Steve Holden wrote: [...] My point was that you can make those changes in your own code, leaving others to accept the situation as it is. It's only a suggestion and an interesting idea I thought I would share and see if anyone would like to discuss. I did title this as a 'possible improvement', and not as proposed improvement. Right, I wasn't trying to suggest that you didn't know what you were talking about - or even that you didn't understand general relativity (on which my grasp could be said to be tenuous) - merely that some things are inherently difficult, and no matter how you twist the implementations about, the difficulties will remain. But shouldn't we try to make things easier when possible? Sure ;-) It occurs to me that maybe this discussion of slicing has a parallel in mathematical intervals, and we might usefully check if it makes sense there. IOW, let's compare [a, b] vs [a, b) vs (a, b] vs (a,b) ISTM the python range model corresponds to [a, b) in terms of integers. The step thing modifies that, but leave that aside to concetrate on the main issue. For math, I think the notation requires a=b, but for programming, python has a convention for specifying related intervals and a subsetting function, with similar notation adding step. Leaving aside abs(step)!=1 which specifies subsetting, we could say that [a:b:1] is [a, b) and [a:b,-1] is (a, b] but the latter returned in reverse order. If we factor out the issues of reversing and subsetting, we just have the indication of which kind of interval: half-open to the right or left. That we could do by [a:b] = [a, b) and .[a:b] = (a, b] Then the question is, do we need sugar for reversed(x.[a:b]) or list(reversed(x.[a:b])) for the right hand side of a statement, and do we want to to use both kinds of intervals in slice assignment? (maybe and yes ;-) The reason for yes is that it solves the which-gap problem in assigning to [a:a] if you define [a, a) as an empty interval to the left of a and (a, a] as an empty interval to the right of a, sort of like +0 and -0 in half-open intervals ;-) Replacing the empty interval does the insertion on the side you want ;-) I am choosing the convention to stay compatible with python's current behaviour, even though I'm not sure what the math world says about ax=a vs a=xa as different-in-some-sense intervals. I guess the intervals as point sets are the same, but the interval definitions are different... Other than the a:a distinction, in terms of integers and UIAM .[a:b] is just sugar for [a+1:b+1] but the sugar is nice, and the slice assignment to either side is nicer. I'll deal with the subsetting another time ... Regards, Bengt Richter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Possible improvement to slice opperations.
On Tue, 06 Sep 2005 18:34:13 +0200, Magnus Lycka [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
[...]
Then you need to view it more in the mathematical way of
half-open (or half-closed if you prefer) intervals.
[a,b) = { x | a = x b }
Funny, I just posted with the same thought (and some additional considerations)
I hadn't read yours yet, or I would have mentioned it ;-)
Regards,
Bengt Richter
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Re: os.system(rls) prints to screen??
Xah Lee wrote: does anyone know why the folllowing prints to the screen? # python import os os.system(rls) Steve Holden wrote: It only prints to the screen when standard output of the invoking process is the screen. The sub-process forked by os.system inherits stdin stdout and stderr from the invoking process. Thanks. Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: py2exe 0.6.1 released
On Tue, 06 Sep 2005 11:12:46 +0200, Thomas Heller [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Giovanni Bajo [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Thomas Heller wrote: * py2exe can now bundle binary extensions and dlls into the library-archive or the executable itself. This allows to finally build real single-file executables. The bundled dlls and pyds are loaded at runtime by some special code that emulates the Windows LoadLibrary function - they are never unpacked to the file system. Cute! I tried it using the wx singlefile example, but unfortunately the resulting executable segfaults at startup (using Python 2.3.3 on Windows 2000, with latest wxWindows). Yes, I can reproduce that. I'm still using wxPython 2.4.2.4 for Python 2.3.5, and that combo works. I have done a few tests, and wxPython 2.5.1.5 also works, while 2.5.5.1 crashes. How can I debug it? I'll assume that's a serious question. There is no simple answer. First, the py2exe'd app responds to a PY2EXE_VERBOSE environment variable, if you set it to '1', the exe will reports imports (just as PYTHONVERBOSE does for python scripts). Of course you have to change the sample so that it is built as console app to be able to see the messages. If you have a place in the program where output should never happen except when you would want a console window to see it in, you can call AllocConsole [1] safely even in multiple such places, just before the printing, and the first such call will create the console and hook up stdout and stderr ready to print. Subsequent calls to AllocConsole are effectively ignored, so all the output goes to the same console no matter which code section executed first. IMO this should be built into at least the windows wpython to trigger at the first attempt at stdout or stderr output. There could be an option to override that default and thus ignore stdout/stderr output, but I think it would be a useful default. Plus it would tell people early that they had usesless prints going in their wpython programs. Then, you can throw some additional prints into lib\site-packages\zipextimporter.py, to see what it does. I've done all this, and it seems it is crashing when trying to import _gdi.pyd. Next would be to debug through _memimported.pyd, but I don't have a debug build of wxPython. That's all I can say now. I'll ask on the wxPython mailing list if they have an idea. Thomas [1] The AllocConsole function allocates a new console for the calling process. BOOL AllocConsole(VOID) Parameters This function has no parameters. Return Value If the function succeeds, the return value is TRUE. If the function fails, the return value is FALSE. To get extended error information, call GetLastError. Remarks A process can only be associated with one console, so AllocConsole fails if the calling process already has a console. A process can use the FreeConsole function to detach itself from its current console, and then it can call AllocConsole to create a new console. If the calling process creates a child process, the child inherits the new console. AllocConsole also sets up standard input, standard output, and standard error handles for the new console. The standard input handle is a handle to the console's input buffer, and the standard output and standard error handles are handles to the console's screen buffer. To retrieve these handles, use the GetStdHandle function. This function is primarily used by graphics applications to create a console window. Graphics applications are initialized without a console. Console applications are normally initialized with a console, unless they are created as detached processes (by calling the CreateProcess function with the DETACHED_PROCESS flag). See Also CreateProcess, FreeConsole, GetStdHandle Regards, Bengt Richter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: py2exe uses __init__ for class names when logging
Thomas Heller wrote: snip This has been discussed on the py2exe-users lists, and a fix was found by David Hess. Fortunately he added it to the wiki: http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/moin.cgi/LoggingModule Thomas Cool, thanks Thomas, i'll give that a whirl Benedict -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Ode to python
Hmmm... OK... you forced me into it. Python uses whitespace Where C++ uses a brace New users fret, But old pros forget - it quickly all falls into place. I could go on.. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Replacement for lambda - 'def' as an expression?
Paul Rubin http://[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Sybren Stuvel [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: An example: def generate_randomizer(n, m): randomizer = def(x): return x ** n % m return randomizer You're a little bit confused; name doesn't necessarily mean persistent name. You could write the above as: def generate_randomizer (n, m): def randomizer(x): return pow(x, n, m) return randomizer But if you could do anonymous blocks, you could just write something like: def generate_randomizer (n, m): return def (x): return pow (x, n, m) Personally, I don't mind naming local functions in practice (and Python syntax doesn't lend itself very well to anonymous blocks) but rather, the nuisance is that I feel there's just plain something wrong with it. It's less beautiful than it could be. Luckily, the last time I followed the discussion on this topic in c.l.p, some bright mind whose name escapes me now pointed out the craziness of _having to_ name functions by comparing it to the situation where you'd have to bind any literal objects to symbols before you could use them. Like: def return_fixed_number (): res = 42 return res or: arg1 = foo arg2 = 42 arg3 = baz () myfunction (arg1, arg2, arg3.xyzzy ()) Sure, you don't lose any expressiveness in that: if you had to name any object before using it, you could write all the same programs that you can in the current Python. But it's the expressiveness of your mind that gets harpooned: you'll have to keep part of your focus on these extraneous local variables instead of thinking only in terms of values where only values matter. -- [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- Today is the car of the cdr of your life. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: round function problem
On Tue, 06 Sep 2005 09:27:48 +0200, mg [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi everybody... We try to white scripts with Pyrhon 2.4 for an acoustic simulation and we wrote these follow lines : begin script c = 340 340 is an integer, which is different from 340. i =j=k= 1 sum_ = 23 also an integer table = [] freq = round((c/2*(sum_)**0.5),2) c/2 is integer/integer, which is not the same as c/2.0 rules all-integer arimetic generally produces integer results, so (unless you import division from __future__) pay attention or write your constants with decimal points even if the values are exact integers. note: 5/2 2 from __future__ import division 5/2 2.5 print freq table.append([freq,(i,j,k)]) print i,j,k,' freq',freq for item in table: print item end script The problem is simple. The function 'round' allow to obtain the value with the specified number of digits after the ,. Then, when the variable 'freq' is printed, there is no problem; but when freq is set in the table and the table printed, all the digits are come back. Is it a bug or a control behavour ? I don't understand ?!?!?!?!... Others have pointed out the output formatting and binary representation problems behind your question, but I thought you might not realize the above. Regards, Bengt Richter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Replacement for lambda - 'def' as an expression?
Simo Melenius [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: But if you could do anonymous blocks, you could just write something like: def generate_randomizer (n, m): return def (x): return pow (x, n, m) Yes, as it stands you can already say: def generate_randomizer(n, m): return lambda x: pow(x, n, m) I was showing that it can also be done with a named internal function. Sure, you don't lose any expressiveness in that: if you had to name any object before using it, you could write all the same programs that you can in the current Python. But it's the expressiveness of your mind that gets harpooned: you'll have to keep part of your focus on these extraneous local variables instead of thinking only in terms of values where only values matter. Yes, I agree with this. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
dict and __cmp__() question
Entering
help(dict)
Help on class dict in module __builtin__:
class dict(object)
| dict() - new empty dictionary.
| dict(mapping) - new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's
| (key, value) pairs.
| dict(seq) - new dictionary initialized as if via:
| d = {}
| for k, v in seq:
| d[k] = v
| dict(**kwargs) - new dictionary initialized with the name=value
pairs
| in the keyword argument list. For example: dict(one=1, two=2)
|
| Methods defined here:
|
| __cmp__(...)
| x.__cmp__(y) == cmp(x,y)
|
| __contains__(...)
| D.__contains__(k) - True if D has a key k, else False
snip
| update(...)
| D.update(E, **F) - None. Update D from E and F: for k in E:
D[k] = E[k]
| (if E has keys else: for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v) then: for k in
F: D[k] = F[k]
|
| values(...)
| D.values() - list of D's values
Now I understand methods like update(...) and values(...), for instance
D={'a':1, 'b':2}
D.values()
[1, 2]
But what are those with double underscore? For instance __cmp__(...)?
I tried
D.cmp('a','b')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File pyshell#7, line 1, in -toplevel-
D.cmp('a','b')
AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'cmp'
Alex
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Re: Function returns a function
Paul Rubin wrote: Aldo Cortesi [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Thanks to Paul and Aldo... one more question on the implementation. Why is the func_closure a tuple of Cells and not just a tuple of objects? Why the extra level of indirection? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ~ after script filename?
presentt [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Huh, no ~ on other files when I edit them, but at least I don't have to worry about it. Thanks Aldo. according to http://www.gnome.org/projects/gedit/ gedit supports backup files, so to figure out how and when they're created, and how to control their creation, you probably just have to read the documentation (which doesn't seem to exist on the web; look in the help menu for the bundled version) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: assign dict by value to list
Phill Atwood wrote: [...] So how do I add a dictionary into a list by value rather than by reference? Is rec.items() what you want? It returns a list of (key, value) tuples. The complete code is here: [...] Looks like you could use Python's ConfigParser module. http://docs.python.org/lib/module-ConfigParser.html -- --Bryan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dict and __cmp__() question
Alex wrote: But what are those with double underscore? For instance __cmp__(...)? Those are these: http://docs.python.org/ref/specialnames.html -- --Bryan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
pymacs + dbus
Hi all, I'm on trouble with pymacs and python binding of DBus 0.23. Emacs/Xemacs have their gnuclient(s) to make remote calls to, but I wanted to (try to) make some xemacs functions callable via dbus. Shortly: - pymacs loads some python classes that publish the method pop_to_window into a SessionBus (plus a threaded mailoop that enables receiving messages from python sub-process) - when activated, the method pop_to_buffer calls the real lisp pop_to_buffer using Pymacs.lisp - it works if called from inside xemacs: the current buffer switches to the specified one. - if called from DBus: my object hears the request and proceeds to activate xemacs as usually, but in this case pymacs seems to ignore the request. In buffer *Pymacs*, the last message I read is this: 31 (progn (pop-to-buffer sdbg)) and nothing more: pymacs does not reply. Any idea? Best regards Paolo Bernardi -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Generators and Decorators doing my head in ..
I usually point out my decorator module (http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/~micheles/python/decorator.zip) to simplify decorator usage. In this case you would use it as follows: from decorator import decorator @decorator # convert logFunctionCalls into a decorator def logFunctionCalls(function, *args, **kwargs): try: # increment the counter function.counter += 1 except AttributeError: # first call, there is no counter attribute function.counter = 1 print Entering function:, function.__name__, function.counter return function(*args, **kwargs) @logFunctionCalls def f(): pass f() f() f() help(f) The whole point of the decorator module is that the signature of the original function is left unchanged (i.e. in this case the decorated f is still a thunk, not a generic function f(*args, **kw)). HTH, Michele Simionato -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Reading in external file - error checking and line numbers...
I'm writing a tool at the moment that reads in an external file (which can use any Python syntax) At the moment, I'm reading the file in using: scriptLines = open(baseRippleScript).read() exec scriptLines However, if I raise an exception in my main code, in a function that is called from the external script, the stack trace just has: File string, line 8, in ? Ideally, I'd want to be able to avoid throwing exceptions and would like to, from my main code, print out an error that included the script name (easily accessible) and the line number (less easily accessible). Is there a better way of executing an external script that would let me access at any time the line number from the external script that is being executed. More specifically, if a function is called from an external script with an invalid parameter type, I want to be able to flag it accurately to the user Hope this made sense - let me know if I've confused you at all. -- Hugh Macdonald -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Reading in external file - error checking and line numbers...
Hugh Macdonald wrote: I'm writing a tool at the moment that reads in an external file (which can use any Python syntax) At the moment, I'm reading the file in using: scriptLines = open(baseRippleScript).read() exec scriptLines However, if I raise an exception in my main code, in a function that is called from the external script, the stack trace just has: File string, line 8, in ? Ideally, I'd want to be able to avoid throwing exceptions and would like to, from my main code, print out an error that included the script name (easily accessible) and the line number (less easily accessible). exec compile(scriptLines, baseRippleScript, exec) (but in this case, you might as well use the execfile built-in) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
multi pointer slider(scale)
HI, I am new to python graphics. I want to have a scale(tkinter) or slider(wxpython), on which I can have more than one pointers. Using it I want to have single slider for different parameters of an entity. Can anyone help me to look for it OR make it. Thanks in adwance. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Reading in external file - error checking and line numbers...
Thankyou! That was much easier than I expected. One more thing on a similar note. When raising exceptions, is it possible to remove a few items from the top of the stack trace? My stack trace is looking something like: File ripple, line 160, in ? File ripple, line 94, in executeRipple File test.rip, line 8, in ? dependsOnFrame = new) File ripple, line 133, in __init__ File ripple, line 148, in addDependsOnFrame __main__.RippleError: 'Cannot add frame dependency to non frame-based node' I'd like to be able to remove the last two items in the stack so that it just shows the user: File ripple, line 160, in ? File ripple, line 94, in executeRipple File test.rip, line 8, in ? dependsOnFrame = new) __main__.RippleError: 'Cannot add frame dependency to non frame-based node' Unfortunately, I don't know how many 'ripple' stack items there will be... This is why I'd much rather, if I can, do this without exceptions and just be able to print out my own error message with the problem line number marked Or am I asking too much? ;) -- Hugh Macdonald -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Replacement for lambda - 'def' as an expression?
On Tue, 6 Sep 2005, talin at acm dot org wrote: add = def( a, b ): return a + b +1 This is so obviously the right syntax for closures in python that i really can't believe we're still arguing about it. What about passing an anonymous function as an argument, which is the most common case? This gets tricky, because you can't embed a suite inside of an expression. Or can you? The most powerful option would be to leverage the fact that you can already do line breaks inside of parentheses. So the def keyword would tell the parser to restart the normal indentation calculations, which would terminate whenever an unmatched brace or paren was encountered: a = map( (def( item ): item = do_some_calculation( item ) return item ), list ) Can't we just rely on indentation here: a = map( def(item): item = do_some_calculation(item) return item , list) ? A consequence of that is that you *must* end the suite on a line of its own; with your scheme, you can in fact write: a = map((def(item): item = do_some_calculation(item) return item), list) Although i'm not convinced that this is something i want to be possible! The one-liner version looks a lot prettier of course: a = map( (def( item ): return item * item), list ) To do one-liners, which is absolutely essential, we can't rely on line ends, of course, so we'd need your scheme to be in operation here. For consistency, it should also apply to multi-line suites; it should be possible to have both the bracket-based and line-based rules in effect at the same time - changes in indent level are essentially treated as a kind of bracket. And it looks even nicer if we switch the order of the arguments around, since you can now use the final paren of the enclosing function call to terminate the def suite. a = map( list, def( item ): return item * item ) Unfortunately, there's no other good way I can think of to signal the end of the block of statements without introducing some radical new language construct. If there were no statements which ended with an expression list, it would be possible to detect the end by the presence of a comma. The python grammar would only need a few changes to meet that requirement, none of them that disruptive (mostly, you replace the expression list with a tuple - in many cases, making explicit what was previously implicit). (Besides, if being an expression is good enough for 'yield', why shouldn't def get the same privilege? :) A fine point! tom -- And the future is certain, give us time to work it out -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Is there anything better than impalib/poplib?
Is there any module or interface that allow the programmer to access a imap4/pop3 server in a more pythonic (or Object Oriented) way than the usual imaplib and popolib? I mean: is there any module that would allow me to query the server for specific messages (and fetch them) in a way similar to a OODB? TIA --- Alessandro Bottoni -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ~ after script filename?
presentt wrote: Hello all, I just wrote a really simple script and named it helloworld.py. Inside was only: #!/usr/bin/env print Hello, world I used chmod to set the permissions, and ran it to see what happened (I just started learning Python, if you couldn't guess) Then, I typed ls in the directory to see what was there, and I noticed a new file, namely helloworld.py~ . What is that file (its contents are identicle to helloworld.py)? Why the ~? Thanks a lot. I'm using Ubuntu Linux 5.04 (Hoary), and wrote the script with gedit. ~~Ted Present As others have already said: this is not a python issue. A ~ suffix is commonly used by editors for backup file. If you save a file from the editor, and the file already exists (so it doesn't happen the first time you save a new file), the existing version is renamed with the ~ suffix. After some time, you will learn to simply ignore these files ;) Many file managers have already learnt this lesson and have options to hide such backup files. -- Benjamin Niemann Email: pink at odahoda dot de WWW: http://www.odahoda.de/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
PEP-able? Expressional conditions
One of the main reasons Pythons anonymous function lambda is considered to be broken is Pythons disability to put statements into expressions and support full functionality. Many attempts to improve lambdas syntax had also been attempts to break the expression/statement distinction in one or the other way. None of this suggestions have ever been successfull in solving severe problems caused by Pythons indentation syntax and I guess they will never succeed. On the other hand I do not see immediately the necessaty to support the full range of Python constructs in small anonymous functions that are dedicated to fit into one line. Instead of pushing statements into expressions one can try to do it the other way round and model expressions with the functionality of statements. The most important use-cases are assignments and conditions. I want to consider conditions only. In Python conditional statements have the form: if COND_1: BLOCK_1 elif COND_2: BLOCK_2 ... else: BLOCK_n Before turning this kind of statement into an expression we have to restrict the BLOCKs to expressions: if COND_1: EXPR_1 elif COND_2: EXPR_2 ... else: EXPR_n Since the conditional statement is traversed sequentially we can transform it into a sequence of (COND,EXPR) pairs. Finally we have to recover the conditional semantics. I want to propose a new associative binary operator that acts on (COND,EXPR) pairs like a projection on the second EXPR argument of a pair in case of COND evaluated True. This function works much like def cond(pair1, pair2): COND1,EXPR1 = pair1 if COND1: return EXPR1 try: COND2,EXPR2 = pair2 if COND2: return EXPR2 except TypeError: return pair2 Alternative syntax proposals: (a) (COND1,EXPR1) || (COND2,EXPR2) (b) (COND1,EXPR1) case (COND2,EXPR2) (c) (COND1,EXPR1) owise (COND2,EXPR2) (d) (COND1,EXPR1) ? (COND2,EXPR2) Regards, Kay -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: determine if os.system() is done
Xah Lee wrote: of course, i can try workarounds something like os.system(gzip -d thiss.gz tail thiss), but i wish to know if there's non-hack way to determine when a system process is done. Well, if you use a function of the popen family, you get some kind of return value from the subprocess on your output pipe. You should be able to determine if your subprocess has terminated by examining (parsing) this output pipe. If you use os.system(), you should get a single return value (usually None or a error code) that you can use for this task. In both cases, you may have to use a loop (sleep(x)) to wait for the return value (and check it) from within your code. Have a look at the docu of the os.process module for details. (Maybe the newer subprocess module is a better choice...) HTH --- Alessandro Bottoni -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python versus Perl
Dieter Vanderelst wrote: Dear all, I'm currently comparing Python versus Perl to use in a project that involved a lot of text processing. I'm trying to determine what the most efficient language would be for our purposes. I have to admit that, although I'm very familiar with Python, I'm complete Perl noob (and I hope to stay one) which is reflected in my questions. I know that the web offers a lot of resources on Python/Perl differences. But I couldn't find a satisfying answer to my questions: 1 - How does the speed of execution of Perl compares to that of Python? Much of a muchness in my experience.(Qualitative, not quantative) 2 - Regular Expressions are a valuable tool in text processing. I have noticed that Regular Expressions are executed very fast in Python. Does anybody know whether Python executes RE faster than Perl does? 3 - In my opinion Python is very well suited for text processing. Does Perl have any advantages over Python in the field of textprocessing (like a larger standard library maybe). These two are related. If you're writing code and you expect to be using *a lot* of regular expression [*] type code then you may find perl more convenient. [*] That /might/ suggest you're taking the wrong approach mind you... Python, for me, tends to be more readable, both immediately after writing and if I go back to a year later - for maintenance, extension etc. Personally I like both languages for day in day out use, but these days tend to choose python if I think I'm likely to want to modify or extend the code. With the exception being where I'm doing heavy text processing work that I think will be more maintainable in perl, or I'm really sure I won't have to maintain it. (eg quick and dirty scripts) One side effect of perl usage though is that due to them being easy to use and convenient, they can get over used. (Rather than thinking what's the best way of solving this problem, people can end up thinking What regular expression can solve this problem - which isn't ideal) Your comment I'm complete Perl noob (and I hope to stay one) would suggest to me that if you really feel that way, stay that way :-) (Though personally I do like learning new programming languages, since you get more idioms and tools under your belt that way.) I hope somebody can answer my questions. Of course, every remark and tip on Python/Perl in texprocessing is most welcome. In case you're not aware there's the book Text Processing in Python by David Mertz, which is available online in a free as in beer form which might be of use if you decide python instead of perl. Michael. -- [EMAIL PROTECTED], http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/ British Broadcasting Corporation, Research and Development Kingswood Warren, Surrey KT20 6NP This message (and any attachments) may contain personal views which are not the views of the BBC unless specifically stated. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: determine if os.system() is done
Xah Lee [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: suppose i'm calling two system processes, one to unzip, and one to tail to get the last line. How can i determine when the first process is done? Example: subprocess.Popen([r/sw/bin/gzip,-d,access_log.4.gz]); last_line=subprocess.Popen([r/usr/bin/tail,-n 1,access_log.4], stdout=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0] of course, i can try workarounds something like os.system(gzip -d thiss.gz tail thiss), but i wish to know if there's non-hack way to determine when a system process is done. Have you tried reading the manual for the subprocess module? You just *might* find the answer to your question if you look at what you can do with Popen objects. Actually, just learning about the exact semantics of the communicate() method might be enought to solve your problem. -- Thomas Bellman, Lysator Computer Club, Linköping University, Sweden I refuse to have a battle of wits with an ! bellman @ lysator.liu.se unarmed person.! Make Love -- Nicht Wahr! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Job Offer in Paris, France : RD Engineer (Plone)
I'm in the US and have no EU papers. Still feasible? Unless you and your employer know the to talk the talk and walk the walk, it's probably going to be hard. I work at a place in the Netherlands where about 50% of the employees are from abroad, with large numbers from places like the USA, Canada, Russia, Australia, India etc. and from what I hear it's a lot of hoops you need tou jump though. Stuff like getting a house, work permit, car, drivers licence will be expensive and very time consuming, more so in Paris. It helps a lot if your employer knows to push the right buttons. Not to discourage you, working abroad can realy be a nice thing to do, but expect a lot of paperwork, and a lot of contradicting answers. The basic thing is, that most european goventments aren't set up to deal with expats, most immigrants are economic and political refugees from the developing world, and Europe is trying to make it as hard as possible for them to get in. And about the French language: Try to find some french radio broadcast on the internet or something like that, and see if you can understand it. I find reading/writing/speaking French is o.k., but understanding native speakers can be very hard. I have a lot easier time understanding for example italians speaking French. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: determine if os.system() is done
Thomas Bellman wrote: Have you tried reading the manual for the subprocess module? han har försökt, men hans tourette tog överhanden: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2005-September/297642.html /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Job Offer in Paris, France : RD Engineer (Plone)
Adriaan Renting [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Not to discourage you, working abroad can realy be a nice thing to do, but expect a lot of paperwork, and a lot of contradicting answers. The basic thing is, that most european goventments aren't set up to deal with expats, most immigrants are economic and political refugees from the developing world, and Europe is trying to make it as hard as possible for them to get in. Yes, I understand this, it's similar in the US. That's why I had doubts about it. I did just chat with Huron about it and he thinks the problem may be solvable, though certainly inconvenient at the least. And about the French language: Try to find some french radio broadcast on the internet or something like that, and see if you can understand it. I find reading/writing/speaking French is o.k., but understanding native speakers can be very hard. I have a lot easier time understanding for example italians speaking French. I think the best way to deal with this is to listen to live speakers for several hours a day. After a few weeks, the words come into focus from the formerly continuous blur of sound. After that, one must of course still work on figuring out what they mean ;-). As I mentioned, I once had a good French class in school, and at that time I could understand spoken French fairly well. That was a long time ago but I think it would come back. I never learned any French computer jargon back then and don't know any now, but I expect I could pick it up. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: determine if os.system() is done
Thomas Bellman wrote: Xah Lee [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: suppose i'm calling two system processes, one to unzip, and one to tail to get the last line. How can i determine when the first process is done? Example: subprocess.Popen([r/sw/bin/gzip,-d,access_log.4.gz]); last_line=subprocess.Popen([r/usr/bin/tail,-n 1,access_log.4], stdout=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0] of course, i can try workarounds something like os.system(gzip -d thiss.gz tail thiss), but i wish to know if there's non-hack way to determine when a system process is done. Have you tried reading the manual for the subprocess module? You just *might* find the answer to your question if you look at what you can do with Popen objects. Oh, come on. Don't you know that all Python documentation is rubbish and not worth reading, written by IT idiots who throw around useless jargon and indulge in extreme forms of self-gratification? Someone of the caliber of Xah Lee would *never* stoop so low as to actually read the documentation. It is beneath him. Instead, he posts messages to a group of IT idiots who throw around useless jargon and indulge in extreme forms of self-gratification in posting answers to questions. snip JMJ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: determine if os.system() is done
Xah Lee wrote: suppose i'm calling two system processes, one to unzip, and one to “tail” to get the last line. How can i determine when the first process is done? Example: subprocess.Popen([r/sw/bin/gzip,-d,access_log.4.gz]); last_line=subprocess.Popen([r/usr/bin/tail,-n 1,access_log.4], stdout=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0] of course, i can try workarounds something like os.system(gzip -d thiss.gz tail thiss), but i wish to know if there's non-hack way to determine when a system process is done. Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ I think the idea is you wait for the first call to subprocess.call to finish before executing the second... http://docs.python.org/lib/node231.html call( *args, **kwargs) Run command with arguments. *Wait for command to complete*, then return the returncode attribute. The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example: retcode = call([ls, -l]) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: determine if os.system() is done
Yeah, I agree. The Python documentation just merey describes what arguements a function can take not as much how to use the actual function. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: determine if os.system() is done
Nainto [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Yeah, I agree. The Python documentation just merey describes what arguements a function can take not as much how to use the actual function. yeah, that's a really relevant criticism when we're talking about a module that contains one function and one class, and for which the documentation contains *sixteen* examples. /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: determine if os.system() is done
[Fredrik Lundh] han har försökt, men hans tourette tog överhanden: IMHO it's more likely an Asperger's syndrome. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asperger_Syndrome -- Lars Gustäbel [EMAIL PROTECTED] Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. (Arthur C. Clarke) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problems with Python for Windows extensions
Hello, I guess you could reproduce my problem, Kartic. I have tried the one u suggested, but sadly it didn't work for me. I think the COM of pywin is quite tricky, or it might be a bug. I have some friends who also had experience of weird behaviors of pywin32, which makes me skeptical of using it in real app. Thanks KK -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dual processor
Paul Rubin wrote: Jeremy Jones [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: to pass data around between processes. Or an idea I've been tinkering with lately is to use a BSD DB between processes as a queue just like Queue.Queue in the standard library does between threads. Or you could use Pyro between processes. Or CORBA. I think that doesn't count as using a the multiple processors; it's just multiple programs that could be on separate boxes. Multiprocessing means shared memory. This module might be of interest: http://poshmodule.sf.net It seems it might be a bit out of date. I've emailed the author via sf, but no reply. Does anyone know if poshmodule works with latest stuff? -- Robin Becker -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: __dict__ of object, Was: Regular Expression IGNORECASE differentfor findall and split?
Fredrik Lundh wrote: Chris [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: but more of a basic question following, I was doing the following before: method = 'split' # came from somewhere else of course result = re.__dict__[method].(REGEX, TXT) precompiling the regex r = compile(REGEX) does give an regex object which has the needed methods print dir(r) ['__copy__', '__deepcopy__', 'findall', 'finditer', 'match', 'scanner', 'search', 'split', 'sub', 'subn'] but how do I evaluate them without explicitly calling them? result = r.__???MAGIC???__[method](TXT) obviously I am not a Python pro ;) I really don't understand why you think you have to write your RE code that way, but the mechanism you're looking for is getattr: result = getattr(r, method)(TXT) thanks (also to Steven) for the info, that is exactly what i was looking for. reason is that I built a small UI in which the user may choose if he want to do a split, findall (and maybe later others like match or search). So the method name comes in from the UI. I could of course use if/elif/else blocks but thought getattr should be shorter and easier. I was not really aware of getattr which I was looking for on other occations before... chris -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Open source Web testing tool - cPAMIE 1.6b released
I am pleased to announce version cPAMIE 1.6 the Web automation tool for Internet explorer. If your looking for a fast way, easy to learn way to drive your browser check out PAMIE. Is PAMIE right for you?, depends on your needs and complexity of the web application. Pamie can take care of the basic needs such as driving web forms without a problem. Been used to test and/or drive Dot Net and Java web applications. can be combined with other opensource tools such as JMeter for performance testing. New Features: * WriteScript method that writes out pamie scripts * Frame Support * Fixes for bugs related to XP sp2 * Get and Set methods for manipulating most controls. For example you can set and/or get the values of textboxes, listboxes, radiobuttons, tables, textarea's, checkboxes etc... * Click methods for buttons, tree objects and links * Fire Event methods * Ability to parameterize data and drive data with add-on DataDriver Class. * Manipulate existing or new Browser windows (not modal dialogs)using find window method. * Use with pythons's PyUnit (unittest) for a complete web testing framework. To Do: * Better Support for modal/non-modal type dialogs * Threading to be addded. Questions - email me: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Enjoy Rob M. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Ode to python
I guess we all say foolishness when we're in love... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installation question
I can't give you an exact answer, but maybe this helps a bit: I tried running both Python 2.3 and 2.4 (both 32) with Qt3 on two other distros. It never really worked and gave me lots of problems. It certainly messed up a few things here and there. I never managed to get things straightened out. I later installed Suse 9.3 Pro with both Gnome KDE. When installing the eric3 IDE, I found that everything I needed, Python 2.4, Qt3.3, PyQt, Sip, QScintilla was there already. (If I recall, I had only to add in one or two development libraries for Qt). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: documentation error
On Sunday 04 September 2005 01:30 pm, Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote: tiissa wrote: bill wrote: From 3.2 in the Reference Manual The Standard Type Hierarchy: Integers These represent elements from the mathematical set of whole numbers. The generally recognized definition of a 'whole number' is zero and the positive integers. This term is ambiguous as it seems to be used for both natural numbers and signed numbers [1]. You realize, of course, that natural numbers don't include zero. ;-) This is a pretty serious nitpick, isn't it? Integers is a well defined mathematical concept, as well as a pretty well defined (but not coincident) computer science concept. It's probably worth mentioning that Python uses the *mathematical* definition of integer here -- or more precisely that Python long integers do, while regular integers are what are known as long integers in C. Okay. I guess that *is* pretty confusing. I think the manual is not so far off since whole number makes English sense, if not mathematical. Certainly, if I were explaining this to my kids I would say whole and not integer (I at least know they know what whole means). -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python compiled?
On Tuesday 06 September 2005 11:32 am, Jorgen Grahn wrote: I hope people are less hesitant to install interpreted applications today than they were ten years ago. I also believe it's better to convince the end user to install Python before installing the application[1], rather than to try to sneak in an interpreter with py2exe or something -- an interpreter which the end user cannot update, manage or use for other things. I have to confess to be very ignorant about the Windows installation options for Python packages, but surely in principle at least, it should be possible to make self-installing .EXE files that do what I get from apt-get install python-mypackage or at least dpkg --install mypackage That is to say, which install an interpreter if one isn't already there, and then install the package. Or, upon finding an interpreter install into it along the lines of distutils. I mean, with the whole AUTOEXEC.BAT start up a CD and run whatever evil code we find there as soon as we stick it into our unwisely promiscuous machine, it ought to make it possible for the installation to be completely transparent to the user. You know, after writing that, I'm starting to rethink what people mean when they say Windows is easy. ;-) Cheers, Terry -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Assigning 'nochage' to a variable.
On Sunday 04 September 2005 06:34 pm, Terry Reedy wrote: resembling the 'Z'-state of a electronic tri-state output? Not familiar with that. Tri-state logic gate outputs can do one of three things: 1) They can drive the voltage to 0.0 0 2) They can drive the voltage to VCC 1 3) They can act like they aren't connected at all Z The Z actually is the standard symbol for impedence (in DC circuits this is just a fancy way to say resistance), and is short for high-Z state or high impedence state, which is very much like what would happen if you just cut the wire. Sending gates into the Z state is what allows computer buses to work at all -- only the addressed register is allowed to control the bus wires, all other connected devices are in the Z state. The software equivalent is throwing certain terms out of a sum. We usually do that with control flow. Doing it implicitly by value seems like it could be dangerous, but I'd have to see a more complete implementation example to be convinced one way or the other about that. Cheers, Terry -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
BayPIGgies: DATE CHANGE September 15, 7:30pm (Google)
DATE CHANGE: The next meeting of BayPIGgies will be Thurs, September 15 at 7:30pm at Google. We still don't have a room at Google; Paul Marxhausen has accepted the task of pinging people, but we may need to switch to Ironport if we don't get a room by Tuesday. Agenda has not been finalized -- we've got several topics and are juggling them. Stay tuned! BayPIGgies meetings alternate between IronPort (San Bruno, California) and Google (Mountain View, California). For more information and directions, see http://www.baypiggies.net/ Before the meeting, we plan to meet at 6pm for dinner. Discussion of dinner plans is handled on the BayPIGgies mailing list. Advance notice: The October 13 meeting agenda has been set. Please send e-mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] if you want to suggest an agenda (or volunteer to give a presentation). We've got some options on the plate for November but haven't settled anything yet. -- Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ The way to build large Python applications is to componentize and loosely-couple the hell out of everything. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Job Offer in Paris, France : RD Engineer (Plone)
Adriaan Renting [EMAIL PROTECTED] said : And about the French language: Try to find some french radio broadcast on the internet or something like that, and see if you can understand it. I find reading/writing/speaking French is o.k., but understanding native speakers can be very hard. I have a lot easier time understanding for example italians speaking French. This is a general case, and it goes both ways : we French usually communicate much more easily with italians (or whatever) speaking english than with native anglo-american speakers. Anyway, source code (esp. python) is the modern esperanto/volapük :-) -- YAFAP : http://www.multimania.com/fredp/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
encryption with python
Hi! I was wondering if someone can recommend a good encryption algorithm written in python. My goal is to combine two different numbers and encrypt them to create a new number that cann't be traced back to the originals. It would be great if there exists a library already written to do this, and if there is, can somebody please point me to it?? Thanks in advance, J -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PEP-able? Expressional conditions
On Wednesday 07 September 2005 05:29 am, Kay Schluehr wrote: Instead of pushing statements into expressions one can try to do it the other way round and model expressions with the functionality of statements. Alternative syntax proposals: (a) (COND1,EXPR1) || (COND2,EXPR2) (b) (COND1,EXPR1) case (COND2,EXPR2) (c) (COND1,EXPR1) owise (COND2,EXPR2) (d) (COND1,EXPR1) ? (COND2,EXPR2) You appear to be reinventing the C ternary operator. This is definitely a dead horse. There was already a PEP, and it was refused. If you actually want this, you're going to have to implement it with a function: def ternary(condition, true_result, false_result): if condition: return true_result else: return false_result Almost as good, and you don't have to talk curmudgeons into providing it for you. Cheers, Terry -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
question from beginner
Hi, Im new on phyton programming.
On my GPRS modem with embedded Phyton 1.5.2+ version, I have to receive
a string from serial port and after send this one enclosed in an
e-mail.
All OK if the string is directly generated in the code. But it doesn't
works if I wait for this inside a 'while' loop. This is the simple
code:
global stringZVEI
while stringZVEI=='':
MOD.sleep(10)
a=SER.send(' sono nel while stringZVEI==st vuota')
stringZVEI = SER.readbyte()
a=SER.send(' stringZVEI=')
a=SER.send(stringZVEI)
MOD and SER are embedded class maked by third part.
From my very little debug possibility it seem that loop is executed 1
time only nevertheless stringZVEI is still empty. The line
a=SER.send(' stringZVEI=')
work correctly but
a=SER.send(stringZVEI)
doesn't work
Any suggestion?
Thanks
Dario.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: epydoc CLI and many files
On Monday 05 September 2005 08:10 am, Laszlo Zsolt Nagy wrote: I have a problem under Windows. There's your problem. ;-) I use the cli.py program included with epydoc. I wrote a small program that lists all of my modules after the cli. Something like this: cli.py --html --inheritance=grouped module1.py module2.py module3.py .. The problem is that now I have so many modules that the shell (cmd.exe) cannot interpret this as a one command. How to overcome this problem? Use Linux. Or Unix. Or Mac OS X probably. You know, a real operating system. ;-) Seriously though, try using a wildcard pattern instead of explicit module names. In POSIX systems, the shell expands wildcards into multiple files on the command line, but under DOS/Windows systems, the expansion normally takes place within the program (I think this is still true). In this case, I would guess that the Python interpreter would do the expansion. That should avoid any limits on command length that cmd.exe is giving you (I'm trusting that Python is much more capable). Cheers, Terry -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problems with Python for Windows extensions
The Great 'KK' uttered these words on 9/7/2005 7:57 AM: Hello, I guess you could reproduce my problem, Kartic. I have tried the one u suggested, but sadly it didn't work for me. I think the COM of pywin is quite tricky, or it might be a bug. I have some friends who also had experience of weird behaviors of pywin32, which makes me skeptical of using it in real app. Thanks KK Actually, I have created some robust win32com applications (using Word and Excel) that work consistently on all installed machines. Could it be an Office 2003 quirk? Did some other app of yours crash while using COM? Such crashes could produce unpredictable results in COM related code, from my experience. So, if you think it is worth your time, you could probably investigate it a bit more or better contact Mark Hammond to see if he can help. I don't know if there is a win32com mailing list; if there is one, please post your question there too. Thanks, -Kartic -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Ode to python
Very good poem. Mind if forward it around?? I'll include ur email ID if u don't mind -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: encryption with python
Aloha, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I was wondering if someone can recommend a good encryption algorithm written in python. It would be great if there exists a library already written to do this, and if there is, can somebody please point me to it?? M2Crypto, interface to OpenSSL http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps/m2 Wishing a happy day LOBI -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is there anything better than impalib/poplib?
Am Wed, 07 Sep 2005 10:14:45 + schrieb Alessandro Bottoni: Is there any module or interface that allow the programmer to access a imap4/pop3 server in a more pythonic (or Object Oriented) way than the usual imaplib and popolib? I mean: is there any module that would allow me to query the server for specific messages (and fetch them) in a way similar to a OODB? AFAIK there is not a better module. There is getmail a python script (and module) which can download messages from a pop3 server. I use it instead of fetchmail. Maybe you like this more than poplib. HTH, Thomas -- Thomas Güttler, http://www.thomas-guettler.de/ E-Mail: guettli (*) thomas-guettler + de Spam Catcher: [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python versus Perl
On Wednesday 07 September 2005 04:47 am, Michael Sparks wrote: Dieter Vanderelst wrote: I'm currently comparing Python versus Perl to use in a project that involved a lot of text processing. I'm trying to determine what the most efficient language would be for our purposes. I have to admit that, although I'm very familiar with Python, I'm complete Perl noob (and I hope to stay one) which is reflected in my questions. Your comment I'm complete Perl noob (and I hope to stay one) would suggest to me that if you really feel that way, stay that way :-) I missed that on the first reading. IMHO, people love perl *really* because it was the first language of its type. However, we learned a lot from that experience, and have since made better languages in the same general category. The best of these of course, is Python. ;-) I felt that way about C, and occasionally Fortran. But I've gotten over it. ;-) I took Perl classes after I learned Python, and I haven't found anything Perl is enough better suited to do that it is worth the trouble of messing with it. Yes, the one and two liner programs are nice, but now that six months have passed and I can no longer remember Perl syntax, it's a lot easier to do it in Python, even if I do wind up using, say, 4 lines of code. The biggest distinction I got from looking at Perl from the perspective of Python is that: 1) Perl makes regular expressions first-class objects, which makes them really easy to use, and a beginner subject in a Perl class. 2) Python makes objects and classes really easy to use, so they are a beginner subject. However, each can do the other when pressed. So which would you rather have be easy? Regular expression program makes huge incomprehensible piles of gobblygook which you forget 10 seconds after you wrote it, while objects and classes make it easy to understand the structure of your program. Even regular expressions are clearer in Python (IMHO) because of the ability to apply string operations on them. Furthermore, the ready availability of more direct methods of string manipulation encourages more optimized and clearer design decisions (in Python if you just want to find a word, you can just say so, instead of crafting a routine regular expression). Performance is a complete non-issue. Both languages are reasonably fast, and neither has a clear advantage on real world projects. Python and Perl are rivals precisely because they are very similar in what they can do. So I'd second the suggestion to eschew the Perl if you can at all get away with it. If you're already sold on Python, there's no reason to question your judgement. Cheers, Terry -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: infinite loop
Hi! LOPEZ GARCIA DE LOMANA, ADRIAN wrote: Hi all, I have a question with some code I'm writting: def main(): if option == 1: function_a() elif option == 2: function_b() else: raise 'option has to be either 1 or 2' [snip] One further note: string exceptions are being phased out. It is discouraged to use them. See http://docs.python.org/lib/module-exceptions.html http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0290.html for details. Cheers, Carl Friedrich Bolz -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: encryption with python
In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi! I was wondering if someone can recommend a good encryption algorithm written in python. My goal is to combine two different numbers and encrypt them to create a new number that cann't be traced back to the originals. It would be great if there exists a library already written to do this, and if there is, can somebody please point me to it?? I recommend you investigate PyCrypto: http://www.amk.ca/python/code/crypto http://sourceforge.net/projects/pycrypto Cheers, -M -- Michael J. Fromberger | Lecturer, Dept. of Computer Science http://www.dartmouth.edu/~sting/ | Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: py2exe 0.6.1 released
I removed conditional imports from visual and after that I works like a charm. Now I've got a VPython application within a single 3 Mbyte exe-file (Python-2.3). That is really cool. Thanks Carl -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Job Offer in Paris, France : RD Engineer (Plone)
On Tuesday 06 September 2005 03:34 am, Huron wrote: 1) whether there would be legal or procedural obstacles for a non-European wanting to work in Paris for a while; and If you are a member of the EU (the netherlands ?), there no such problem on our side. Only _you_ would have some paperwork to do. Europeans have been tearing Americans to shreds over our parochialism, it's amusing to see them succomb to the same faults now that they are convinced they are the economic center of the universe, isn't it? I guess the foot's on the other hand now. ;-D -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: 'isa' keyword
On Sunday 04 September 2005 07:25 am, Colin J. Williams wrote: Rocco Moretti wrote: Terry Hancock wrote: On Thursday 01 September 2005 07:28 am, Fuzzyman wrote: What's the difference between this and ``isinstance`` ? I must confess that an isa operator sounds like it would have been slightly nicer syntax than the isinstance() built-in function. But not enough nicer to change, IMHO. Especially conidering that checking parameters with isinstance is considered bad form with Python's duck typing. Could you elaborate on that please? It would indeed be better to have a keyword for querying whether a class or object *implements* a given *interface*. Which is essentially what duck typing does, albeit somewhat haphazardly. The formal alternative, of using interfaces is provided by external packages such as Zope and PyProtocols, but has never been standardized and adopted into the standard library. Perhaps it should be. Certainly as long as there is more than one implementation of interfaces, support for testing them cannot be at the keyword level and remains through functions and methods. This is actually pretty easy to use, though. Giving isinstance() a keyword status as isa would encourage bad style, though, as it would attract beginners away from much better styles such as component/interface design. While that wouldn't necessarily be sufficient reason to *remove* an isa keyword if one existed, it certainly detracts from the desire to add one. -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
The right way to do i18n
Hello,
I wonder if there is a standard for making i18n in Python projects. I
have several Python projects that are internationalized. I also have
Python packages with i18n. But it is still not clean to me what is the
recommended way to do it. Currently, I use a module called
'localization.py' with this code:
from i18n_domain import DOMAIN
import gettext
t = gettext.translation(DOMAIN,'messages',languages=['hu'])
t.install()
But I believe this is not the best way to do it. Problem one: I cannot
do unit testing and I cannot use pydoc/epydoc for my libraries. They all
use the _() function but it is installed in the main program only. What
I do now is this:
import pydoc
import sys
import __builtin__
import os
sys.argv.append('-g')
def _(s):
return str(s)
__builtin__._ = _
pydoc.cli()
But this is very very ugly.
Another problem is with libraries. I have a common library 'LibFoo' and
several projects 'Project1', 'Project2' etc. I would like to distribute
my projects and my library as distinct Python (distutil) packages. Of
course, I would like to include all messages (po, pot and mo files) with
my distributions. Is there a standard way to do it? I mean, there are
many packages out there and most of them need i18n. Also there are many
projects and they also need i18n. But how these two come together? There
should be a standard way to unify gettext messages from various
libraries. I'm thinking about a general i18n protocol, where each
package or module has a standard way to add its own messages to the whole.
Les
--
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python and ARCView GIS desktop
hi all. I am a newbie, so be kind. I am using ARCView GIS 9.1 and python win. I am trying to develop a module using the GZIP module in my ARCView map session. What I am attempting to do (I think) is use the zip mod to zip up all the files in a .mxd document into one neat little zipped file, ready to copy to cd or email(if it's small enough(. I got this idea while using autocad. There is a function in autocad (E-TRANSMIT) that allows you to press the button on the toolbar and it will zip up all files(and dependent files too) in the current drawing and have it in one zip file ready for email. I thought ESRI would think of this but when I've posted this to the message boards, there is no response. I was wondering if anyone had any ideas. Maybe I could use VBA or something else? Thanks in advance -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: anaconda.real in RH7.1
Allan Adler [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I'm trying to reinstall RedHat 7.1 Linux on a PC that was disabled when I tried to upgrade from RH7.1 [] The file anaconda.real is invoked with the line exec /usr/bin/anaconda.real -T $@ I don't know what effect the -T $@ has. Tiny progress on this: in a shell script, $@ apparently lets you refer to the output of a previous command. I don't know what output would be relevant, since the last few lines of the shell script anaconda that invokes anaconda.real are: cd /usr/sbin uncpio sbin.cgz rm sbin.cgz cd /lib uncpio libs.cgz rm libs.cgz cd / exec /usr/bin/anaconda.real -T $@ As for exec itself, the command line exec -T leads to a complaint that -T is an illegal option for exec, while python -T leads to a usage statement that doesn't list -T among the options for python. So, I still don't understand the statement that is used to call the python script anaconda.real. I also tried to execute in interactive session some of the commands in the file anaconda.real. E.g. the first command signal.signal(SIGINT,SIG_DFL) Python 1.5.2 (#1, Mar 3 2001, 01:35:43) [GCC 2.96 2731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2 on linux-i386 Copyright 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam signal.signal(SIGINT,SIG_DFL) Traceback (innermost last): File stdin, line 1, in ? NameError: signal import signal signal.signal(SIGINT,SIG_DFL) Traceback (innermost last): File stdin, line 1, in ? NameError: SIGINT import SIGINT Traceback (innermost last): File stdin, line 1, in ? ImportError: No module named SIGINT On the other hand, while looking at Kernighan and Pike, The Unix programming environment (1984), I fortuitously ran across a discussion of signals and interrupts on p.225, including the example #include signal.h signal(SIGINT,SIG_DFL) which restores default action for process termination. The resemblance to the first command in anaconda.real is so close that I think the intention in both must be the same. What is the right way to get python to do this? The file anaconda.real doesn't explicitly execute import signal but it still somehow knows what signal means (my example session above shows that it stops complaining about not knowing what signal means after I import signal). Presumably there is some way of invoking python that causes signal and other stuff to be imported automatically. What is it? -- Ignorantly, Allan Adler [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Disclaimer: I am a guest and *not* a member of the MIT CSAIL. My actions and * comments do not reflect in any way on MIT. Also, I am nowhere near Boston. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: encryption with python
My goal is to combine two different numbers and encrypt them to create a new number that cann't be traced back to the originals. Here's one: def encrypt(x, y): Return a number that combines x and y but cannot be traced back to them. return x + y -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
py2exe 0.6.2 released
This is a bugfix release for py2exe 0.6.1. py2exe 0.6.2 released = py2exe is a Python distutils extension which converts python scripts into executable windows programs, able to run without requiring a python installation. Console and Windows (GUI) applications, windows NT services, exe and dll COM servers are supported. Changes in 0.6.2: * Several important bugfixes: - bundled extensions in packages did not work correctly, this made the wxPython single-file sample fail with newer wxPython versions. - occasionally dlls/pyds were loaded twice, with very strange effects. - the source distribution was not complete. - it is now possible to build a debug version of py2exe. Changes in 0.6.1: * py2exe can now bundle binary extensions and dlls into the library-archive or the executable itself. This allows to finally build real single-file executables. The bundled dlls and pyds are loaded at runtime by some special code that emulates the Windows LoadLibrary function - they are never unpacked to the file system. This part of the code is distributed under the MPL 1.1, so this license is now pulled in by py2exe. * By default py2exe now includes the codecs module and the encodings package. * Several other fixes. Homepage: http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe Download from the usual location: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=15583 Enjoy, Thomas -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: py2exe 0.6.1 released
Giovanni Bajo [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Thomas Heller wrote: I tried it using the wx singlefile example, but unfortunately the resulting executable segfaults at startup (using Python 2.3.3 on Windows 2000, with latest wxWindows). Yes, I can reproduce that. I'm still using wxPython 2.4.2.4 for Python 2.3.5, and that combo works. I have done a few tests, and wxPython 2.5.1.5 also works, while 2.5.5.1 crashes. Ah that's fine, then. I thought it was one of those only in my computer kind of issue :) How can I debug it? I'll assume that's a serious question. Of course it was, I'm not sure why you should doubt it. I was just trying to being helpful to you, thinking that it could have been hard to reproduce. Luckily, you can look into it yourself. I wasn't offended ;-). Debugging the bundled executables is difficult - because the source file debug info is lost (or at least MSVC isn't able to access it). So you end up steppiung through the disassembly. I've done all this, and it seems it is crashing when trying to import _gdi.pyd. Next would be to debug through _memimported.pyd, but I don't have a debug build of wxPython. OK. Do you believe that _memimported.pyd can eventually converge to something stable? Emulating LoadLibrary for all versions of Windows is not an easy task after all. Wine might provide some insights. Currently there's no platform specific code in this emulation. But I have to admit I don't use win98 any more. I hope that _memimporter.pyd eventually becomes stable, the new 0.6.2 release contains some important fixes. For the original problem: the code to load extensions contained in packages was buggy. With 0.6.2 the wxPython singlefile sample at least works wit wxPython 2.4.2.4 + python 2.3.5, and wxPython 2.6.1.0 + Python 2.4.1. Thomas -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: py2exe 0.6.1 released
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Bengt Richter) writes: If you have a place in the program where output should never happen except when you would want a console window to see it in, you can call AllocConsole [1] safely even in multiple such places, just before the printing, and the first such call will create the console and hook up stdout and stderr ready to print. Subsequent calls to AllocConsole are effectively ignored, so all the output goes to the same console no matter which code section executed first. IMO this should be built into at least the windows wpython to trigger at the first attempt at stdout or stderr output. There could be an option to override that default and thus ignore stdout/stderr output, but I think it would be a useful default. Plus it would tell people early that they had usesless prints going in their wpython programs. IMO that would be a nice addition to pythonw.exe, but I have no time to care about this myself. For py2exe, I'm still unsure how debugging output from a frozen gui program should be handled. Thomas -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Jython-users] ANN: PyDev 0.9.8.1 released
I am a Mac OS X user running Tiger. The install was extremely easy and Eclipse seems to have some good features at first glance. For anyone interested after installing Eclipse you can download and install PyDev with the instructions on this page. They are for Windows, but other OS's should be very similar. http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~ebutt/eclipse_python.htm On Sep 7, 2005, at 12:04 AM, could ildg wrote: Thanks. pydev is so alive. On 9/7/05, Fabio Zadrozny [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All, PyDev - Python IDE (Python Development Enviroment for Eclipse) version 0.9.8.1 has been released. Check the homepage (http://pydev.sourceforge.net/ ) for more details. Details for Release: 0.9.8.1 Major highlights: --- * Java 1.4 support reintroduced. * Styles added for syntax highlighting (bold and italic), contributed by Gerhard Kalab. Others that are new and noteworthy: - * zombie process after exiting eclipse should not happen anymore * paths with '.' are accepted for the pythonpath (unless they start with a '.', because it may not accept relative paths). * relative imports are added to code-completion * local imports are taken into consideration when doing code completion * debugger has 'change support', so, changed variables in a scope appear red Cheers, Fabio -- Fabio Zadrozny -- Software Developer ESSS - Engineering Simulation and Scientific Software www.esss.com.br PyDev - Python Development Enviroment for Eclipse pydev.sf.net pydev.blogspot.com --- SF.Net email is Sponsored by the Better Software Conference EXPO September 19-22, 2005 * San Francisco, CA * Development Lifecycle Practices Agile Plan-Driven Development * Managing Projects Teams * Testing QA Security * Process Improvement Measurement * http://www.sqe.com/ bsce5sf ___ Jython-users mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/jython-users -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Cleaning strings with Regular Expressions
Good Idea I'll try that! Thanks for your assistance. /\/\ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Question about concatenation error
I am new to python and I am confused as to why when I try to
concatenate 3 strings, it isn't working properly.
Here is the code:
--
import string
import sys
import re
import urllib
linkArray = []
srcArray = []
website = sys.argv[1]
urllib.urlretrieve(website, 'getfile.txt')
filename = getfile.txt
input = open(filename, 'r')
reg1 = re.compile('href=.*')
reg3 = re.compile('.*?')
reg4 = re.compile('http')
Line = input.readline()
while Line:
searchstring1 = reg1.search(Line)
if searchstring1:
rawlink = searchstring1.group()
link = reg3.search(rawlink).group()
link2 = link.split('')
cleanlink = link2[1:2]
fullink = reg4.search(str(cleanlink))
if fullink:
linkArray.append(cleanlink)
else:
cleanlink2 = str(website) + / + str(cleanlink)
linkArray.append(cleanlink2)
Line = input.readline()
print linkArray
---
I get this:
[http://www.slugnuts.com/['index.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['movies.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['ramblings.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['sluggies.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['movies.html']]
instead of this:
[http://www.slugnuts.com/index.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/movies.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/ramblings.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/sluggies.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/movies.html];]
The concatenation isn't working the way I expected it to. I suspect
that I am screwing up by mixing types, but I can't see where...
I would appreciate any advice or pointers.
Thanks.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about concatenation error
On Wed, 07 Sep 2005 16:34:25 GMT, colonel [EMAIL PROTECTED]
wrote:
I am new to python and I am confused as to why when I try to
concatenate 3 strings, it isn't working properly.
Here is the code:
--
import string
import sys
import re
import urllib
linkArray = []
srcArray = []
website = sys.argv[1]
urllib.urlretrieve(website, 'getfile.txt')
filename = getfile.txt
input = open(filename, 'r')
reg1 = re.compile('href=.*')
reg3 = re.compile('.*?')
reg4 = re.compile('http')
Line = input.readline()
while Line:
searchstring1 = reg1.search(Line)
if searchstring1:
rawlink = searchstring1.group()
link = reg3.search(rawlink).group()
link2 = link.split('')
cleanlink = link2[1:2]
fullink = reg4.search(str(cleanlink))
if fullink:
linkArray.append(cleanlink)
else:
cleanlink2 = str(website) + / + str(cleanlink)
linkArray.append(cleanlink2)
Line = input.readline()
print linkArray
---
I get this:
[http://www.slugnuts.com/['index.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['movies.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['ramblings.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['sluggies.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['movies.html']]
instead of this:
[http://www.slugnuts.com/index.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/movies.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/ramblings.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/sluggies.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/movies.html];]
The concatenation isn't working the way I expected it to. I suspect
that I am screwing up by mixing types, but I can't see where...
I would appreciate any advice or pointers.
Thanks.
Okay. It works if I change:
fullink = reg4.search(str(cleanlink))
if fullink:
linkArray.append(cleanlink)
else:
cleanlink2 = str(website) + / + str(cleanlink)
to
fullink = reg4.search(cleanlink[0])
if fullink:
linkArray.append(cleanlink[0])
else:
cleanlink2 = str(website) + / + cleanlink[0]
so can anyone tell me why cleanlink gets coverted to a list? Is it
during the slicing?
Thanks.
--
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List of integers L.I.S.
Given a list of N arbitrarily permutated integers from set {1..N}.
Need to find the ordering numbers of each integer in the LONGEST
increasing sequence to which this number belongs. Sample:
List:
[4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 7, 3]
Corresponding ordering numbers:
[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 4, 3]
Details:
e.g. number 7 belongs to increasing sequence 1, 2, 7;
but this sequence is not the LONGEST sequence for 7.
The longest sequence for the 7 is 4, 5, 6, 7.
So, the 7's ordering number in this sequence is 4.
The salt of the thing is to do this with an O(n*log(n))
algorithm!
The straightforward O(n^2) algorithm is t slooow.
Any ideas?
--
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Re: Code run from IDLE but not via double-clicking on its *.py
Code run from IDLE but not via double-clicking on its *.py It still does not work. Weird. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Py2exe-users] py2exe 0.6.2 released
First, Thanks again for the update. At 08:55 AM 9/7/2005, Thomas Heller wrote: This part of the code is distributed under the MPL 1.1, so this license is now pulled in by py2exe. As I read it, it seems that I need to include an Exibit A http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/MPL-1.1.html#exhibit-a filled out so that it includes the py2exe home, as well as Python, probably. It could be put in the Zip or Rar to be viewed on extraction. Does this sound correct? Ray Schumacher -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: anaconda.real in RH7.1
Allan Adler wrote: Allan Adler [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I'm trying to reinstall RedHat 7.1 Linux on a PC that was disabled when I tried to upgrade from RH7.1 [] The file anaconda.real is invoked with the line exec /usr/bin/anaconda.real -T $@ I don't know what effect the -T $@ has. Tiny progress on this: in a shell script, $@ apparently lets you refer to the output of a previous command. I don't know what output would be relevant, since the last few lines of the shell script anaconda that invokes anaconda.real are: cd /usr/sbin uncpio sbin.cgz rm sbin.cgz cd /lib uncpio libs.cgz rm libs.cgz cd / exec /usr/bin/anaconda.real -T $@ $@ doesn't refer to the output of a previous command. It refers to a list of quoted arguments of the script it's a part of. It's supposed, IIRC, to be equivalent to exec /usr/bin/anaconda.real -T $1 $2 $2 ... as opposed to $*, which would be equivalent to exec /usr/bin/anaconda.real -T $1 $2 $3 ... As for exec itself, the command line exec -T leads to a complaint that -T is an illegal option for exec, while python -T leads to a usage statement that doesn't list -T among the options for python. So, I still don't understand the statement that is used to call the python script anaconda.real. What's supposed to happen is that anaconda.real is supposed to be processed by the Python interpreter. You will probably find a shebang line at the start of anaconda.real that reads something like #!/usr/bin/python1.5.2 The -T argument is, I suspect, intended for anaconda.real - you could check the source and verify that it looks at sys.argv. I also tried to execute in interactive session some of the commands in the file anaconda.real. E.g. the first command signal.signal(SIGINT,SIG_DFL) Python 1.5.2 (#1, Mar 3 2001, 01:35:43) [GCC 2.96 2731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2 on linux-i386 Copyright 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam signal.signal(SIGINT,SIG_DFL) Traceback (innermost last): File stdin, line 1, in ? NameError: signal import signal signal.signal(SIGINT,SIG_DFL) Traceback (innermost last): File stdin, line 1, in ? NameError: SIGINT import SIGINT Traceback (innermost last): File stdin, line 1, in ? ImportError: No module named SIGINT On the other hand, while looking at Kernighan and Pike, The Unix programming environment (1984), I fortuitously ran across a discussion of signals and interrupts on p.225, including the example #include signal.h signal(SIGINT,SIG_DFL) which restores default action for process termination. The resemblance to the first command in anaconda.real is so close that I think the intention in both must be the same. What is the right way to get python to do this? SIGINT is defined in the signal module so you probably want signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_DFL) The file anaconda.real doesn't explicitly execute import signal but it still somehow knows what signal means (my example session above shows that it stops complaining about not knowing what signal means after I import signal). Presumably there is some way of invoking python that causes signal and other stuff to be imported automatically. What is it? On that one you have me stumped. It's possible it imports some other module that plays with the namespace in a magical way. regards Steve -- Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sockets: code works locally but fails over LAN
I was trying to test the send() vs sendall() like this: x=send(data) print len(data)-x 0 ? (when the code fails) but I could not reproduce the failures anymore. As if the lan got refreshed after the first using of sendall() instead of send(). Btw, why we need send() if there is sendall()? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Possible improvement to slice opperations.
Bengt Richter wrote: Then the question is, do we need sugar for reversed(x.[a:b]) or list(reversed(x.[a:b])) for the right hand side of a statement, and do we want to to use both kinds of intervals in slice assignment? (maybe and yes ;-) Yes, I think this is the better way to do it, as this address's the underlying causes instead of treating the symptoms. The reason for yes is that it solves the which-gap problem in assigning to [a:a] if you define [a, a) as an empty interval to the left of a and (a, a] as an empty interval to the right of a, sort of like +0 and -0 in half-open intervals ;-) Replacing the empty interval does the insertion on the side you want ;-) I am choosing the convention to stay compatible with python's current behaviour, even though I'm not sure what the math world says about ax=a vs a=xa as different-in-some-sense intervals. I guess the intervals as point sets are the same, but the interval definitions are different... Not sure either. I think intervals is an important concept and enabling python to work with them would be good if it could be done in a simple and consistent way. This extends a lot further than just slice operations because of the relationship between ... for x in range() - slice(range) So defining an interval object that can be used as an iterator in a for loop might be the beginning, and then finally slice with an alternate syntax to an abbreviated form. So then you would have the relationship of... for x in interval() - slice(interval) Other than the a:a distinction, in terms of integers and UIAM .[a:b] is just sugar for [a+1:b+1] but the sugar is nice, and the slice assignment to either side is nicer. Wouldn't that be [a:b+1] ? As sugar the index's are translated at compile time, it may run into the current edge case indexing problems. So it will most likely need to be an actual interval object, with an alternative syntax to use it. I'll deal with the subsetting another time ... No hurry, this isn't a hack it out because the boss wants it on his desk Monday situation. ;-) Regards, Bengt Richter Cheers, Ron -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about concatenation error
colonel wrote:
On Wed, 07 Sep 2005 16:34:25 GMT, colonel [EMAIL PROTECTED]
wrote:
I am new to python and I am confused as to why when I try to
concatenate 3 strings, it isn't working properly.
Here is the code:
--
import string
import sys
import re
import urllib
linkArray = []
srcArray = []
website = sys.argv[1]
urllib.urlretrieve(website, 'getfile.txt')
filename = getfile.txt
input = open(filename, 'r')
reg1 = re.compile('href=.*')
reg3 = re.compile('.*?')
reg4 = re.compile('http')
Line = input.readline()
while Line:
searchstring1 = reg1.search(Line)
if searchstring1:
rawlink = searchstring1.group()
link = reg3.search(rawlink).group()
link2 = link.split('')
cleanlink = link2[1:2]
fullink = reg4.search(str(cleanlink))
if fullink:
linkArray.append(cleanlink)
else:
cleanlink2 = str(website) + / + str(cleanlink)
linkArray.append(cleanlink2)
Line = input.readline()
print linkArray
---
I get this:
[http://www.slugnuts.com/['index.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['movies.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['ramblings.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['sluggies.html'],
http://www.slugnuts.com/['movies.html']]
instead of this:
[http://www.slugnuts.com/index.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/movies.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/ramblings.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/sluggies.html];,
http://www.slugnuts.com/movies.html];]
The concatenation isn't working the way I expected it to. I suspect
that I am screwing up by mixing types, but I can't see where...
I would appreciate any advice or pointers.
Thanks.
Okay. It works if I change:
fullink = reg4.search(str(cleanlink))
if fullink:
linkArray.append(cleanlink)
else:
cleanlink2 = str(website) + / + str(cleanlink)
to
fullink = reg4.search(cleanlink[0])
if fullink:
linkArray.append(cleanlink[0])
else:
cleanlink2 = str(website) + / + cleanlink[0]
so can anyone tell me why cleanlink gets coverted to a list? Is it
during the slicing?
Thanks.
The statement
cleanlink = link2[1:2]
results in a list of one element. If you want to accesss element one
(the second in the list) then use
cleanlink = link2[1]
regards
Steve
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Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/
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Re: improvements for the logging package
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote]
Perhaps so, but the logging module seems like such an unpythonic beast to
me. How about cleaning it up (*) before we add more to it?
Yes. I was also trying to encourage Rotem to get involved in other parts
of the logging module/package later on in my email. :)
Stuff like colorizing seems like it belongs in its own module
(presuming a reasonably general markup scheme can be agreed upon) so
it can be used outside the logging package.
Yah, you are probably right. Most additions to the logging system could
easily live as their own separate pieces.
(*) Stuff that seems very odd to me:
- It's a package, but contrary to any other package I've ever seen, most
of its functionality is implemented in __init__.py. __init__.py is
roughly four times larger than the next largest (bsddb, which is a
beast because BerkDB has gotten so big over the years and the
module/package has strived to remain backwards-compatible).
I'm not defending the implementation, but does this cause any particular
problems?
The obvious 'hello world' example
import logging
logging.info('hello world')
ought to just work (implicitly add a stream handler connected to
stderr to the root logger).
Maybe. Unless that causes troubles for real use. Having lazy
configuration like this means that it can be a subtle thing for
top-level application code to setup the proper logging configuration.
I cringe a little bit when I see this presented as the hello world
example. My basic hello world tends to be:
import logging
log = logging.getLogger(name-of-my-module-or-script)
# use log.{debug|info|warn|error}() in module/script...
#...
if __name__ == __main__:
logging.basicConfig()
#...
and then I wish again that the default output were a bit nicer for my
most common usage -- which is logging to the command line in scripts --
rather than looking more like to web server error/access logs.
I think the usability of the logging module could be much improved with
a nicer introduction to it (i.e. docs). It's not really a hello world
type of tool. Its usefulness only really shows in larger use cases.
- Its functionality is partitioned in sometimes odd ways. For example,
it has a handlers module, but what I presume would be the most
commonly used handler (StreamHandler) is not defined there. It's in
(you have three guesses and the first two don't count) __init__.py
instead of in logging.handlers. Consequently, browsing in the obvious
way fails to find the StreamHandler class.
- It doesn't use PEP 8 style as far as naming is concerned, instead
doing some sort of Java or C++ or Perl camelCase thing. Eschewing PEP
8 is fine for other stuff, but code in the Python core (especially new
code like the logging module) should strive to adhere to PEP 8, since
many people will use the core code as a pattern for their own code.
Perhaps Vijay (who did all the implementation) can comment on these.
Unfortunately backwards-compat might restrict some cleanups to the
package, but perhaps not too much. I did a poor job of keeping up with
the package after I laid out an initial design, er copied an initial
design from Java's log4j package (and I'm not even a Java guy). :(
Trent
--
Trent Mick
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: PEP-able? Expressional conditions
Terry Hancock wrote: On Wednesday 07 September 2005 05:29 am, Kay Schluehr wrote: Instead of pushing statements into expressions one can try to do it the other way round and model expressions with the functionality of statements. Alternative syntax proposals: (a) (COND1,EXPR1) || (COND2,EXPR2) (b) (COND1,EXPR1) case (COND2,EXPR2) (c) (COND1,EXPR1) owise (COND2,EXPR2) (d) (COND1,EXPR1) ? (COND2,EXPR2) You appear to be reinventing the C ternary operator. This is definitely a dead horse. There was already a PEP, and it was refused. Well, I'm not inspired by C and the operator is not ternary but binary and associative. Nevertheless the behaviour of the ternary condition operator exists as a limit case. The expression becomes more a kind of a horizontal squeezed switch. Therefore the case keyword proposal. It might become more obvious if one chains the expression using more terms: (a') (COND1,EXPR1) || (COND2,EXPR2) || ... || (CONDk,EXPRk) (b') (COND1,EXPR1) case (COND2,EXPR2) case ... case (CONDk,EXPRk) If you actually want this, you're going to have to implement it with a function: def ternary(condition, true_result, false_result): if condition: return true_result else: return false_result No, as I explained it is not a ternary operator and it can't easily be implemented using a Python function efficiently because Python does not support lazy evaluation. One usually does not want to evaluate all conditions as well as all the results ( when passing them into the function ) but evaluate conditional expressions sequentially and stop at the first true condition. Well I would indeed like to go even further and introduce lazy tuples this way but I wanted to notice the responses to an obvious use case first. Kay -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: py2exe 0.6.2 released
As a big test of Thomas's excellent work with py2exe, I tried to create a single-file executable of the wxPython demo (demo.py). The executable was built (5.3MB) but gets a C++ runtime error when I try to execute? Here's the log: Traceback (most recent call last): File demo.py, line 4, in ? File Main.pyo, line 1738, in main File wx\_core.pyo, line 7473, in __init__ File wx\_core.pyo, line 7125, in _BootstrapApp File Main.pyo, line 1723, in OnInit File Main.pyo, line 1677, in __init__ File wx\_core.pyo, line 2889, in ConvertToBitmap wx._core.PyAssertionError: C++ assertion wxAssertFailure failed in ..\..\src\msw\bitmap.cpp(822): invalid image I'm brand new to py2exe so I'm not sure if I'm using it properly. I created the executable by using the samples\singlefile\gui\setup.py and just updated script = demo.py. Then I ran the script as follows: python setup.py py2exe --bundle 1 Correct? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: epydoc CLI and many files
Terry Hancock wrote: On Monday 05 September 2005 08:10 am, Laszlo Zsolt Nagy wrote: The problem is that now I have so many modules that the shell (cmd.exe) cannot interpret this as a one command. In POSIX systems, the shell expands wildcards into multiple files on the command line, but under DOS/Windows systems, the expansion normally takes place within the program (I think this is still true). In this case, I would guess that the Python interpreter would do the expansion. That should avoid any limits on command length that cmd.exe is giving you (I'm trusting that Python is much more capable). Python does not do this translation for you automatically, but it does provide the tools to make it easy. See the glob module: http://docs.python.org/lib/module-glob.html Dave -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python CGI and Firefox vs IE
Hey y'all, this falls under the murky realm of HTML, CGI and
Python...and IE.
Python 2.4, using CGI to process a form.
Basically I've got 3 buttons. Here's the HTML code:
form action='http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/server_status.py' method=post
button name='display' value='all,status' type='submit'All
Servers/button
button name='display' value='wkpea1,status'
type='submit'WKPEA1/button
button name='display' value='wknha2,status'
type='submit'WKNHA2/button
/form
And the code that's messing things up:
fields = cgi.FieldStorage()
if fields.has_key('display'):
print fields['display']
which_server,which_display = fields['display'].value.split(',')
if which_server == 'all':
which_server = servers
else:
which_server = [which_server]
This program works fine under firefox. If, say, you clicked on the 1st
button, All Servers, you'd get this returned in the field['display']
variable
MiniFieldStorage('display', 'all,status')
Under Internet Explorer, this is what I get in field['display']:
[MiniFieldStorage('display', 'All Servers'),
MiniFieldStorage('display', 'WKPEA1'), MiniFieldStorage('display',
'WKNHA2')]
I see what's happening, but I'm at a loss to figure out what to do
about it. Any help would be appreciated.
thanks,
jason
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Sniffer with RAW SOCKETS
Hi all. I'm trying to make a simple icmp sniffer by using SOCK_RAW.
The code below works but ONLY if I first use the sendto() function.
Does anybody knows why?
Regards
from socket import *
import select
def recv():
while 1:
if s in select.select([s],[],[],99)[0]:
reply = s.recvfrom(2000)[0]
print reply
s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)
s.setsockopt(IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, 1)
s.sendto('test', ('127.0.0.1', 0)) # without this it doesn't work.
recv()
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distutils question
I am trying to make a customized install script for an extension module using the distutils.ccompiler class. I want to embed an existing makefile for the C libraries into the Python setup script, but I am not sure what's the right way to do it... E.g., say I want to compile a project as: gcc -Ddef1 -c foo.c -o foo_def1.o gcc -Ddef2 -c foo.c -o foo_def2.o gcc foo_def1.o foo_def2.o -o myext_module.o How would I do that using distutils? It doesn't seem to be possible with the normal core.setup method, and distutils.ccompiler seems to be the best option, but I couldn't get it working... Hopefully someone the list can enlighten me. Thanks! Joachim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python CGI and Firefox vs IE
On Wed, 07 Sep 2005 10:50:15 -0700, Jason wrote: Hey y'all, this falls under the murky realm of HTML, CGI and Python...and IE. Python 2.4, using CGI to process a form. Basically I've got 3 buttons. Here's the HTML code: form action='http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/server_status.py' method=post button name='display' value='all,status' type='submit'All Servers/button button name='display' value='wkpea1,status' type='submit'WKPEA1/button button name='display' value='wknha2,status' type='submit'WKNHA2/button /form And the code that's messing things up: No, here you are wrong. IE doesn't work as expected with buttons. See http://www.solanosystems.com/blog/archives/2005/04/12/the-submit-button-problem/ This has nothing to do with Python. --- Stephan jason -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about concatenation error
colonel [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] so can anyone tell me why cleanlink gets coverted to a list? Is it during the slicing? Steve answered for you, but for next time, you could find out faster by either using the all-purpose debuging tool known as 'print' or, with Python, the handy-dandy interactive window: [1,2,3][1:2] [2] Terry J. Reedy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python CGI and Firefox vs IE
I see what's happening, but I'm at a loss to figure out what to do about it. Any help would be appreciated. Try giving the buttons different name attributes. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python CGI and Firefox vs IE
IE...sigh Have to come up with a workaround, go back to the old input. I'm about the only one who uses firefox in our facility. Thanks for the reply and the link. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about concatenation error
On Wednesday 07 September 2005 11:34 am, colonel wrote: I am new to python and I am confused as to why when I try to concatenate 3 strings, it isn't working properly. Here is the code: I'm not taking the time to really study it, but at first glance, the code looks like it's probably much more complicated than it needs to be. [http://www.slugnuts.com/['index.html'], http://www.slugnuts.com/['movies.html'], http://www.slugnuts.com/['ramblings.html'], http://www.slugnuts.com/['sluggies.html'], http://www.slugnuts.com/['movies.html']] The tail end of that is the string representation of a list containing one string, not of that string. I suspect you needed to use ''.join() somewhere. Or, you could, in principle have indexed the list, since you only want one member of it, e.g.: ['index.html'][0] 'index.html' -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sniffer with RAW SOCKETS
On 2005-09-07, billiejoex [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi all. I'm trying to make a simple icmp sniffer by using SOCK_RAW. Just a suggestion: you'd probably be better off using the PCAP library. The code below works but ONLY if I first use the sendto() function. Does anybody knows why? 'Fraid not. -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! I just bought at FLATBUSH from MICKEY visi.comMANTLE! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PEP-able? Expressional conditions
Kay Schluehr [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] No, as I explained it is not a ternary operator and it can't easily be implemented using a Python function efficiently because Python does not support lazy evaluation. By *carefully* using the flow-control operators 'and' and 'or', you can often get what you want *now*, no PEP required. One usually does not want to evaluate all conditions as well as all the results ( when passing them into the function ) but evaluate conditional expressions sequentially and stop at the first true condition. *If* bool(result_expression_i) == True for all i, (except maybe last default expression), which is true for some actual use cases, then the following expression evaluates to the result corresponding to the first 'true' condition (if there is one) or to the default: c0 and r0 or c1 and r1 or c2 and r2... or default. I have only seen real examples with one and-pair, like (x 0) and -x or x for absolute value. Terry J. Reedy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ~ after script filename?
presentt wrote: Hello all, I just wrote a really simple script and named it helloworld.py. Inside was only: #!/usr/bin/env print Hello, world I used chmod to set the permissions, and ran it to see what happened (I just started learning Python, if you couldn't guess) Then, I typed ls in the directory to see what was there, and I noticed a new file, namely helloworld.py~ . What is that file (its contents are identicle to helloworld.py)? Why the ~? Thanks a lot. I'm using Ubuntu Linux 5.04 (Hoary), and wrote the script with gedit. ~~Ted Present As others have said, this is a feature of gedit. It can make a backup copy of the previous version as you save, and can also automatically save periodically (default seems to be 10 minutes). From the menus, choose: Edit - Preferences and see the section marked File Saving. Steve -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Ode to python
On Tuesday 06 September 2005 09:29 pm, Paul Rubin wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Python or C? C is simply a pawn. Venomous problem? Pythons squeeze and constrict, until the problem is gone. Don't quit your day job. I beg to differ, perhaps we see a spark of inspiration: Abolish all globals, and all mutinous variables. Embed precious methods in organized crucibles. -- James Stroud UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics Box 951570 Los Angeles, CA 90095 http://www.jamesstroud.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
pickling objects in jython
Hi, The following sample code is to pickle and unpickle an object. It works fine with CPython, but the unpickling fails in Jython and I receive an error stating that A is unsafe to unpickle (even though I believe I have the code to make A safe for unpickling). What do I do wrong and how can I fix it? Thanks, == import sys import cPickle import copy_reg class A(object): __slots__ = (x,y) __safe_for_unpickling__ = True def __init__(self, a, b): self.x = a self.y = b def __str__(self): return str(self.__getstate__()) def __reduce__(self): return (self.__class__.__name__, self.__getstate__()) def __new__(cls, a, b): return object.__new__(cls) def __getnewargs__(self): return self.__getstate__() def __getstate__(self): return (self.x, self.y) def __setstate__(self, state): (self.x, self.y) = state copy_reg.constructor(A) a = A(5,abcd) print Before Pickling: %s%str(a) mfile = open(dumptest,wb) cPickle.dump(a,mfile,-1) mfile.close() mfile = open(dumptest,rb) m = cPickle.load(mfile) print After Pickling: %s%str(m) mfile.close() == -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dual processor
Jorgen Grahn wrote: On Tue, 06 Sep 2005 08:57:14 +0100, Michael Sparks [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ... Are you so sure? I suspect this is due to you being used to writing code that is designed for a single CPU system. What if you're basic model of system creation changed to include system composition as well as function calls? Then each part of the system you compose can potentially run on a different CPU. Take the following for example: ... It probably looks strange, but it's really just a logical extension of the Unix command line's pipelines to allow multiple pipelines. Similarly, from a unix command line perspective, the following will automatically take advantage of all the CPU's I have available: (find |while read i; do md5sum $i; done|cut -b-32) 2/dev/null |sort And a) most unix sys admins I know find that easy (probably the above laughable) b) given a multiprocessor system will probably try to maximise pipelining c) I see no reason why sys admins should be the only people writing programs who use concurrency without thinking about it :-) Nitpick: not all Unix users are sysadmins ;-) Some Unix sysadmins actually have real users, and the clued users use the same tools. I used the 'make -j3' example elsewhere in the thread (I hadn't read this posting when I responded there). I simply picked a group that do this often :-) The example pipeline I gave above is I admit a particularly dire one. Things like the following are far more silly: # rm file; fortune | tee file | wc | cat - file 3 16 110 Bubble Memory, n.: A derogatory term, usually referring to a person's intelligence. See also vacuum tube. And # (rm file; (while [ ! -s file ]; do echo /dev/null; done; cat file |wc) fortune | tee file) 2/dev/null Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of APL, I shall fear no evil, for I can string six primitive monadic and dyadic operators together. -- Steve Higgins # 4 31 171 It seems to me that there must be a flaw in your arguments, but I can't seem to find it ;-) Sorry, but that's probably the funniest thing I've read all day :-) Best Regards, Michael. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: determine if os.system() is done
Xah Lee wrote: suppose i'm calling two system processes, one to unzip, and one to “tail” to get the last line. How can i determine when the first process is done? Example: subprocess.Popen([r/sw/bin/gzip,-d,access_log.4.gz]); last_line=subprocess.Popen([r/usr/bin/tail,-n 1,access_log.4], stdout=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0] of course, i can try workarounds something like os.system(gzip -d thiss.gz tail thiss), but i wish to know if there's non-hack way to determine when a system process is done. Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ As far as I can tell from the docs (worth reading), system(command) doesn't return until the process has completed. It would have to do some fancy footwork to return the exit code BEFORE the process had completed! Steve -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Improving Python docs (was Re: OpenSource documentation problems)
In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Aahz wrote: In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: . Bear in mind that the PSF made its very first grants last year. The reason none of those grants was awarded to a documentation project was that the (volunteer) Grants Committee and helpers didn't see any documentation projects worthy of support. Really? And what exactly is Software Engineering with Python for Scientist and Engineers if not a documentation project? It may not be the kind of documentation people are talking about in this thread, but it certainly is documentation. Sigh. Fine. Any more nits you'd like to pick? scratch head Why are you calling this a nit? It is direct proof that the PSF is prepared to allocate financial resources to improve the Python documentation. We only await people to take up the challenge. -- Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ The way to build large Python applications is to componentize and loosely-couple the hell out of everything. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
