Re: Questions about remembering and caching function arguments

[thebjorn]

On Nov 12, 1:05 am, "Anand Patil" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> I have two questions about a class, which we'll call MyWrapperClass,
> in a package to which I'm contributing.
>
> 1) MyWrapperClass wraps functions. Each instance has an attribute
> called 'value' and a method called 'eval', which calls the wrapped
> function. An instance D that depends on instances A, B and C can be
> created as follows:
>
> @mywrapperclass
> def D(A, B, C):
> return foo(A.value, B.value, C.value)
>
> Now that D exists, the call D.eval() will work without any arguments
> (D remembers that the arguments are A, B and C and passes their values
> to foo). What is the standard terminology for such classes, and does
> anyone know of a package that implements them in a nice way? (It's
> easy enough to roll our own, but reading about other implementations
> might give us good ideas).
>
> 2) D.eval() will frequently be called multiple times in succession
> before A.value, B.value or C.value has had the chance to change. It
> would be _extremely_ helpful to have D detect this situation and skip
> recomputation. I'm looking for the fastest safe way to do this.
> There's no restriction on what kind of object A.value, etc. are, so
> unfortunately they might be mutable.
>
> Our current solution is to have D compare A.value, B.value and C.value
> to an internal cache using the 'is' operator (and put a big warning in
> the docs about not changing 'value' attributes in-place). Not exactly
> safe, but the speed savings over comparison with '==' will be
> significant. Is this OK, bad or an abomination?
>
> Again it would be helpful to know the terminology associated with the
> behavior I'm looking for and any packages that implement it nicely.
>
> Many thanks in advance and apologies for the long post,
> Anand

Cells (A dataflow extension to CLOS) seems like what you want:

  http://common-lisp.net/project/cells/

I think there was talk of a Python version a while back...

-- bjorn

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Re: how to know if folder contents have changed

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

On Sun, 11 Nov 2007 21:03:33 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> one scheme suggested was to create a string from the names of sorted
> image files and give it as  the cache name..
> ie ,if i have one.jpg,three.jpg,new.jpg  ,
> i will name the cache as 'newonethree.cache'  and  everytime i want to
> check if new image added/removed  i wd create a string from the
> contents of folder and compare it with cachename.
> 
> this scheme is ok for a small number of files,..

Not really.

`xxx.jpg` -> `xxx.cache`

Now `xxx.jpg` is deleted and `x.jpg` and `xx.jpg` are created.

`x.jpg`, `xx.jpg` -> `xxx.cache`

> can someone suggest a better way? i know it is a general programming
> problem..but i wish to know if a python solution exists

Don't store the names in the cache file name but in the cache file.  Take
a look at the `set()` type for operations to easily find out the
differences between two set of names and the `pickle` module to store
Python objects in files.

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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how to know if folder contents have changed

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

hi
i am trying to create a cache of  digitized values of  around 100
image files in a folder..In my program i would like to know from time
to time if a new image has been added or removed from the folder..

one scheme suggested was to create a string from the names of sorted
image files and give it as  the cache name..
ie ,if i have one.jpg,three.jpg,new.jpg  ,
i will name the cache as 'newonethree.cache'  and  everytime i want to
check if new image added/removed  i wd create a string from the
contents of folder and compare it with cachename.

this scheme is ok for a small number of files,..

can someone suggest a better way? i know it is a general programming
problem..but i wish to know if a python solution exists

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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Istvan Albert]

On Nov 11, 11:51 am, Michael Bacarella <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> and see it take about 45 minutes with this:
>
> $ cat cache-keys.py
> #!/usr/bin/python
> v = {}
> for line in open('keys.txt'):
> v[long(line.strip())] = True

On my system (windows vista) your code (using your data) runs in:

36 seconds with python 2.4
25 seconds with python 2.5
39 seconds with python 3000


i.


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The Python Papers Monograph Series (TPPM): Call for Proposals

[Maurice LING]

The editorial committee of The Python Papers (ISSN 1834-3147) calls for 
proposals for The Python Papers Monograph Series.

Potential authors should contact the editors at [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
at an early stage of preparation.

We await your indications of interests.

Regards
Maurice Ling
Associate Editor, The Python Papers


What is The Python Papers Monograph Series?
===
The Python Papers Monograph Series (ISSN under application) is a 
sub-publication of The Python Papers (ISSN 1834-3147). This monograph 
series provides a refereed format for publication of monograph-length 
reports including dissertations, conference proceedings, case studies, 
advanced-level lectures, and similar material of theoretical or 
empirical importance. It does so quickly,  informally and at a high 
level, where the Python programming language is an integral aspect.

In some cases, the timeliness of a manuscript is more important than its 
form, which may be unfinished or unpolished. Hence, it is possible that 
proofs may be outlined with an intention to publish elsewhere at a later 
date.

Refereeing is done by members of the The Python Papers' editorial board 
and other authorities in the topic concerned and may be acknowledged in 
name in the published form. Scientific quality is the over-riding 
criterion for refereeing.

Suggestions for publication, in the form of outlines and representative 
samples, are invited by the editorial board for assessment. Potential 
authors should contact the editors at [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Publication in this monograph series is intended as a service to the 
Python users and scientific community at large. Work in this series is 
licensed under the Creative Commons 2.5 license subject to Attribution,
Non-Commercial and Share-Alike conditions. The full legal code may be 
found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/byncsa/2.1/au/. Once 
published and copyrighted, they can be documented and discussed in the 
scientific literature.
=
-- 
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The Python Papers Monograph Series (TPPM): Call for Proposals

[Maurice LING]

The editorial committee of The Python Papers (ISSN 1834-3147) calls for 
proposals for The Python Papers Monograph Series.

Potential authors should contact the editors at [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
at an early stage of preparation.

We await your indications of interests.

Regards
Maurice Ling
Associate Editor, The Python Papers


What is The Python Papers Monograph Series?
===
The Python Papers Monograph Series (ISSN under application) is a 
sub-publication of The Python Papers (ISSN 1834-3147). This monograph 
series provides a refereed format for publication of monograph-length 
reports including dissertations, conference proceedings, case studies, 
advanced-level lectures, and similar material of theoretical or 
empirical importance. It does so quickly,  informally and at a high 
level, where the Python programming language is an integral aspect.

In some cases, the timeliness of a manuscript is more important than its 
form, which may be unfinished or unpolished. Hence, it is possible that 
proofs may be outlined with an intention to publish elsewhere at a later 
date.

Refereeing is done by members of the The Python Papers' editorial board 
and other authorities in the topic concerned and may be acknowledged in 
name in the published form. Scientific quality is the over-riding 
criterion for refereeing.

Suggestions for publication, in the form of outlines and representative 
samples, are invited by the editorial board for assessment. Potential 
authors should contact the editors at [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Publication in this monograph series is intended as a service to the 
Python users and scientific community at large. Work in this series is 
licensed under the Creative Commons 2.5 license subject to Attribution,
Non-Commercial and Share-Alike conditions. The full legal code may be 
found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/byncsa/2.1/au/. Once 
published and copyrighted, they can be documented and discussed in the 
scientific literature.
=
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Re: security code whit python

[Wildemar Wildenburger]

Ahh, crap!

Wildemar Wildenburger wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>> have you got any example?pls :S
>>
> I suggest you learn to use internet search. And if you already know it, 
> please use it before asking that. 10 seconds of search (!) and I had:
> 
Make that 2 seconds:
> http://www.google.de/search?hl=de&q=pil%20python%20examples&btnG=Google-Suche&meta=>
>  
> 
> and from that:
> http://www.pythonware.com/library/pil/handbook/introduction.htmhttp://www.pythonware.com/library/pil/handbook/introduction.htm>
>  
> 
And make that, of course:
http://www.pythonware.com/library/pil/handbook/introduction.htm>


/W
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Re: Pyzzle development?

[John Salerno]

Dennis Lee Bieber wrote:
> On Sun, 11 Nov 2007 00:30:28 -0500, John Salerno
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> declaimed the following in comp.lang.python:
> 
>> Does anyone happen to know what's going on with the development of the 
>> Pyzzle engine (for creating Myst-like games with Python)? Seems stalled 
>> for a long time, but I'm not sure if it's just been abandoned.
>>
>   How would you pronounce that? 
> 
>   Maybe the developers were shown the dictionary entry for (to me)
> sound-alike "pizzle"...

Heh, you never know.

http://pyzzle.sourceforge.net/
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Questions about remembering and caching function arguments

[Anand Patil]

Hi all,

I have two questions about a class, which we'll call MyWrapperClass,
in a package to which I'm contributing.


1) MyWrapperClass wraps functions. Each instance has an attribute
called 'value' and a method called 'eval', which calls the wrapped
function. An instance D that depends on instances A, B and C can be
created as follows:

@mywrapperclass
def D(A, B, C):
return foo(A.value, B.value, C.value)

Now that D exists, the call D.eval() will work without any arguments
(D remembers that the arguments are A, B and C and passes their values
to foo). What is the standard terminology for such classes, and does
anyone know of a package that implements them in a nice way? (It's
easy enough to roll our own, but reading about other implementations
might give us good ideas).


2) D.eval() will frequently be called multiple times in succession
before A.value, B.value or C.value has had the chance to change. It
would be _extremely_ helpful to have D detect this situation and skip
recomputation. I'm looking for the fastest safe way to do this.
There's no restriction on what kind of object A.value, etc. are, so
unfortunately they might be mutable.

Our current solution is to have D compare A.value, B.value and C.value
to an internal cache using the 'is' operator (and put a big warning in
the docs about not changing 'value' attributes in-place). Not exactly
safe, but the speed savings over comparison with '==' will be
significant. Is this OK, bad or an abomination?

Again it would be helpful to know the terminology associated with the
behavior I'm looking for and any packages that implement it nicely.


Many thanks in advance and apologies for the long post,
Anand
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RE: python - an eggs...

[bruce]

Hi Diez...

I've never used setuptools, (it's not on the box) and i don't have
easy_install tools installed...

But in looking at your output, I have some questions...
-The 1st, I'm assuming that easy_install works with python2.4.3?
-The 2nd, In the output, is see the durus egg... with the "durus" path being
relative to the egg... are the actual durus files in that dir??
-3rd question.. in searching the 'net, it appears that i have to download
setuptools in order to get easy_install. Am I missing something here, or is
this correct?

Thanks for your pointers on this!!




-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf
Of Diez B. Roggisch
Sent: Sunday, November 11, 2007 2:58 PM
To: python-list@python.org
Subject: Re: python - an eggs...


bruce schrieb:
> Hi Diez
>
> Forgot to mention, that when I did an unzip of the egg file, and placed
the
> files in the ../python2.4/site-packages/durus dir, it still crashed...
>
> it's as if the egg file is needed...

I doubt that. And I get the feeling that you did not read anything
belonging to setuptools I pointed you to.

I just did this:

192:/tmp deets$ easy_install-2.5 -Z durus
Searching for durus
Reading http://www.python.org/pypi/durus/
Couldn't find index page for 'durus' (maybe misspelled?)
Scanning index of all packages (this may take a while)
Reading http://www.python.org/pypi/
Reading http://www.python.org/pypi/Durus/3.7
Reading http://www.mems-exchange.org/software/durus/
Best match: Durus 3.7
Downloading http://www.mems-exchange.org/software/durus/Durus-3.7.tar.gz
Processing Durus-3.7.tar.gz
Running Durus-3.7/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir
/tmp/easy_install-WEWC6s/Durus-3.7/egg-dist-tmp--GlmRY
zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
Adding Durus 3.7 to easy-install.pth file
Installing durus script to
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/bin

Installed
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg
Processing dependencies for durus


192:/tmp deets$ find Installed
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg
find: Installed: No such file or directory
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/__init__.py
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/__init__.pyc
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/_persistent.py
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/_persistent.pyc
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/_persistent.so
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-package
s/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/btree.py



As you can see, ONE simple setuptools-command sufficed to install durus,
as unzipped egg so that you can see every single source file.


I don't know what durus is, how to use it and I don't care about it, so
I can't comment on your actual problems with durus itself.

Diez
--
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Re: security code whit python

[Wildemar Wildenburger]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> I have setuped pyx i wonder i have mistake?
> 
You need a running TeX/LaTeX system for pyx. Sorry, forgot about that.

Also, I suggest you follow Scotts advice in reading 
http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html>.

If you're really looking for a way to generate captchas though, PIL is 
what you want.

/W
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Re: Extended date and time

[John Machin]

On Nov 11, 2:37 am, Jeremy Sanders  wrote:
> Hi - I need to add support to a program for dates and times. The built-in
> Python library seems to be okay for many purposes, but what I would like
> would be Unix epoch style times (seconds relative to some date), covering a
> large period from the past to the future. What would be nice would be a
> library which can take floating point seconds from an epoch.
>
> Does anyone know of a library which can convert from human style dates and
> times to a floating point epoch and back again? I expect I could fudge the
> fractional seconds with the built-in library, but I can't see how to get
> dates in the past.
>

What does "dates in the past" mean?? Please be more specific about the
earliest date that you want to be able to handle. Python's datetime
starts at 0001-01-01. Somebody mentioned the time module, which is
implementation-dependent but typically starts at 1970-01-01 .

What functionality do you need, other than two-way conversion between
days_since_epoch and (proleptic Gregorian) date/time?

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Re: security code whit python

[Wildemar Wildenburger]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> have you got any example?pls :S
> 
I suggest you learn to use internet search. And if you already know it, 
please use it before asking that. 10 seconds of search (!) and I had:

http://www.google.de/search?hl=de&q=pil%20python%20examples&btnG=Google-Suche&meta=>

and from that:
http://www.pythonware.com/library/pil/handbook/introduction.htmhttp://www.pythonware.com/library/pil/handbook/introduction.htm>

/W
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Re: get java class loader within pathon

[Diez B. Roggisch]

Diez B. Roggisch schrieb:
> blueblueblue2005 schrieb:
>> Hi, I have a java application with a UI compoennt of
>> FlyoutPaletteComposite (an GEF class), this UI compoennt displays a
>> scrollbar when needed. I am writing a Jython/Python script, and within
>> this script, I want to grab the scrollbar and move the bar up and down
>> to a specified location. I was told to get the class loader of the
>> compoent, but don't know how to do it. Can anybody kindly help?
> 
> FlyoutPaletteComposite.getClass().getClassLoader()

Oops. That should be

FlyoutPaletteComposite.getClassLoader()

of course. The above should work for an instance of FlyoutPaletteComposite.

Diez
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Re: get java class loader within pathon

[Diez B. Roggisch]

blueblueblue2005 schrieb:
> Hi, I have a java application with a UI compoennt of
> FlyoutPaletteComposite (an GEF class), this UI compoennt displays a
> scrollbar when needed. I am writing a Jython/Python script, and within
> this script, I want to grab the scrollbar and move the bar up and down
> to a specified location. I was told to get the class loader of the
> compoent, but don't know how to do it. Can anybody kindly help?

FlyoutPaletteComposite.getClass().getClassLoader()

Diez
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Re: python - an eggs...

[Diez B. Roggisch]

bruce schrieb:
> Hi Diez
> 
> Forgot to mention, that when I did an unzip of the egg file, and placed the
> files in the ../python2.4/site-packages/durus dir, it still crashed...
> 
> it's as if the egg file is needed...

I doubt that. And I get the feeling that you did not read anything 
belonging to setuptools I pointed you to.

I just did this:

192:/tmp deets$ easy_install-2.5 -Z durus
Searching for durus
Reading http://www.python.org/pypi/durus/
Couldn't find index page for 'durus' (maybe misspelled?)
Scanning index of all packages (this may take a while)
Reading http://www.python.org/pypi/
Reading http://www.python.org/pypi/Durus/3.7
Reading http://www.mems-exchange.org/software/durus/
Best match: Durus 3.7
Downloading http://www.mems-exchange.org/software/durus/Durus-3.7.tar.gz
Processing Durus-3.7.tar.gz
Running Durus-3.7/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir 
/tmp/easy_install-WEWC6s/Durus-3.7/egg-dist-tmp--GlmRY
zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
Adding Durus 3.7 to easy-install.pth file
Installing durus script to 
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/bin

Installed 
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg
Processing dependencies for durus


192:/tmp deets$ find Installed 
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg
find: Installed: No such file or directory
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/__init__.py
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/__init__.pyc
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/_persistent.py
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/_persistent.pyc
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/_persistent.so
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Durus-3.7-py2.5-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/durus/btree.py



As you can see, ONE simple setuptools-command sufficed to install durus, 
as unzipped egg so that you can see every single source file.


I don't know what durus is, how to use it and I don't care about it, so 
I can't comment on your actual problems with durus itself.

Diez
-- 
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Information manager/organizer with tags question.

[andrei . avk]

Hello,

I would like to write an information manager/organizer type of app but
first I'd like to ask if there is something like that already
existing. I asked on yahoo questions but did not get a response. I
also searched freshmeat but even though they have plenty of projects
that are tangentially related, I was unable to find anything close
enough.

What I'm thinking about is this: a database with an interface that
stores records by tags and allows filtering and sorting by these tags.
When I enter a new record, I enter a title and any number of tags.
Interface would have a filter by: pull down menu separated in two
sections, favorite tags and recent tags. To the right of that would be
a button to add another filter, which would create a new pull down
menu to filter current results further. Then there would be a search
field where you'd type in a word and it would show a list of all
matching tags;  then you would click on one of the tags to add it to
last filter menu's 'recent' list. Interface would be two-pane with an
option to switch to single pane, where one pane is a list of matching
records and the other is current record.

List of matching records would be sortable by clicking on column
titles.

Going into the record would bring up a screen with title and body text
of the record, if the record is a file it'd show title, list of tags
and a button that opens that file. (unless it's a text file that can
be viewed and edited there).

The idea is to have a central hub of all information, that is very
easy to search and locate not only the exact document you're looking
for but also a specific subset of documents, including all of the ones
you do need and excluding ones that you do not, which allows you to
work with them as a set without the need to specifically select each
and every one you need.

For the first version it'd be enough to have plain text body field.
Later I'd like to have a rich document format, probably html.

Later I'd also like to add an option for matching synonymous words to
tags. If you search for certainty, it would match assurance tag if the
option is on.

For instance, if I wanted to find this message, I'd search for Usenet
posts, tag, my name (as author). I would know that I only made one
Usenet post about tags. If I made unrelated posts about html tags, for
instance, I'd filter by 'information manager', and then I'd find this
post and more posts that I might make about this. If I wanted to
include possible replies, I'd remove my name from filters. Then I
could sort by date to see latest posts.

The reason for this idea is that right now I keep my information, or
at least most of it, in an outliner program called treepad. It's a
tree-like view program where you make a hierarchical structure similar
to file system, where each 'file' is a text entry field. This is
reasonably useful but is limited to only one possible subset, i.e. you
could put all posts under 'Usenet posts/info manager/a, b, c' but it's
impossible to filter it further or to combine it with some subset of a
different topic. Many chunks of information belong to multiple topics
and you can't always remember if you filed under one or the other.
Therefore I think this tag-based approach would be much more flexible.

I have experience with doing a few simple apps in Tkinter and also a
db driven site in TurboGears. I'm not sure what framework I should use
for this. I generally would prefer gtk because of responsiveness and
nice looks, but it may be a bit tough since I never did any gtk
development at all. Should I prototype in Tkinter? Would Django be
better suited for this or TurboGears?

Of course there isn't any need to do anything if there is already an
app that does this. Please tell me if it does, or if there is
something very close that could have this set of features added
easily. I was thinking about wikis, in fact. I might be best off
starting with a wiki done in TurboGears and going from there. I'd get
html markup pages right away, with links, nice formatting.. TG has
many components that could be useful for this app.

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get java class loader within pathon

[blueblueblue2005]

Hi, I have a java application with a UI compoennt of
FlyoutPaletteComposite (an GEF class), this UI compoennt displays a
scrollbar when needed. I am writing a Jython/Python script, and within
this script, I want to grab the scrollbar and move the bar up and down
to a specified location. I was told to get the class loader of the
compoent, but don't know how to do it. Can anybody kindly help?

Holly

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Re: Extended date and time

[D.Hering]

On Nov 11, 4:46 pm, "D.Hering" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Nov 10, 10:37 am, Jeremy Sanders 
> I also have trouble with date/times with whats available. Off the top
> of my head... converting a numpy array of epochs to some datetime
> object and back.
>
> If I had the time I'd contribute additional functionality to Pierre's
> and Matt's TimeSeries module (the one in scipy).
>
> -dieter

I made a request for this to Pierre and Matt on the scipy-user list.

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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Ben Finney]

DouhetSukd <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> Ah, well, just noticed Ben's suggested this already.  Mind you, his
> code, while correct in intent, does look a bit fishy (missing those
> square brackets)

By "missing those square brackets", what would be a list comprehension
(allocating an entire list in memory at once before proceeding)
becomes a generator expression (generating results from the sequence
only as needed).

Enter 'python "generator expression"' into your favourite search
engine to find out more.

-- 
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  `\  limit of my action."  -- Henry James |
_o__)  |
Ben Finney
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Re: Extended date and time

[D.Hering]

On Nov 10, 10:37 am, Jeremy Sanders  wrote:
> Hi - I need to add support to a program for dates and times. The built-in
> Python library seems to be okay for many purposes, but what I would like
> would be Unix epoch style times (seconds relative to some date), covering a
> large period from the past to the future. What would be nice would be a
> library which can take floating point seconds from an epoch.
>
> Does anyone know of a library which can convert from human style dates and
> times to a floating point epoch and back again? I expect I could fudge the
> fractional seconds with the built-in library, but I can't see how to get
> dates in the past.
>
> Thanks, Jeremy.
>
> --
> Jeremy Sandershttp://www.jeremysanders.net/

Have you looked at mx.DateTime:
http://www.egenix.com/products/python/mxBase/mxDateTime/

In matplotlib, I also use their Dates modules functions for
conversions (see the near bottom of the page):
http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/matplotlib.dates.html

In the scipy sandbox, you can also build a package called
'TimeSeries':
http://www.scipy.org/SciPyPackages/TimeSeries

I also have trouble with date/times with whats available. Off the top
of my head... converting a numpy array of epochs to some datetime
object and back.

If I had the time I'd contribute additional functionality to Pierre's
and Matt's TimeSeries module (the one in scipy).

-dieter



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Re: Looking for a good Python environment

[Paul Rubin]

Russell Warren <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Wing now has multi-threaded debugging.

Cool, is it windows-only?  I'm using Linux.

> A quick look at the current state of SPE shows that it now has multi-
> threaded debugging via WinPDB (what I used to use for debugging thread
> issues).  Interesting.  Worth a look to see if it is integrated well.

Same issue: this also sounds windows-specific.  Thanks though.
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Re: Looking for a good Python environment

[Russell Warren]

> While we're at it, do any of these debuggers implement a good way to
> debug multi-threaded Python programs?

Wing now has multi-threaded debugging.

I'm a big Wing (pro) fan.  To be fair, when I undertook my huge IDE
evaluation undertaking it was approx 2 years ago... at the time as far
as what I would consider to be a full featured professional IDE it was
IMO really only Wing and Komodo who could compete.  The others were
left in the dust.  Unfortunately both cost money, but it became clear
that at least in this instance you get what you pay for.  Not a big
deal for me because as far as professional development costs the cost
is ridiculously low and I use it professionally, but I could see
balking at the cost if strictly a hobbiest... although I would pay as
I'd be lost without my Wing I think.  At the time, I much preferred
Wing to Komodo, but haven't tried Komodo more than sparingly since
then.  My bet is that the situation would still be similar since Wing
has done nothing but get better over time.  The support crew at Wing
are great, too... the mailing list is excellent and the Wing
developers typically respond very quickly to any support requests, and
even feature requests (I've had a few things added due to the mailing
list).

The biggest missing feature in Wing at the moment is integrating GUI
development.  If you are into that, you may want to look elsewhere.
Any GUI stuff I do I use wxPython and after starting with a template
builder I just manually code the GUIs... painful at times, especially
when you just want to whip up something small, but I've gotten used to
it.  Now that I type this, though, I think I'll go looking for what's
new!  Maybe Boa is less buggy now?  Hmm.

Prior to taking on my "find the ultimate IDE" quest I was using SPE
and it was free and quite decent, just not comparable to Wing.

http://pythonide.stani.be/

A quick look at the current state of SPE shows that it now has multi-
threaded debugging via WinPDB (what I used to use for debugging thread
issues).  Interesting.  Worth a look to see if it is integrated well.

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Re: Trouble with subprocess.call(...) and zsh script (OSError: [Errno 8] Exec format error)

[Rob Wolfe]

Michael  George Lerner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> Hi,
>
> (Python 2.5, OS X 10.4.10)
> I have a program called pdb2pqr on my system. It is installed so that
> "pdb2pqr" is in my path and looks like:
>
> #\!/bin/zsh -f

Are you sure that this shebang is correct?

I've tested that on bash and have similar error:

# t1.sh

#\!/bin/sh
echo "t1"

>>> from subprocess import call
>>> call(['./t1.sh'])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in ?
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 413, in call
return Popen(*args, **kwargs).wait()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 543, in __init__
errread, errwrite)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 975, in _execute_child
raise child_exception
OSError: [Errno 8] Exec format error

But running that directly through the shell works:

>>> call(['./t1.sh'], shell=True)
t1
0

However this script works fine also without `shell=True` option:

# t2.sh

#!/bin/sh
echo "t2"

>>> call(['./t2.sh'])
t2
0


HTH,
Rob

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RE: python - an eggs...

[bruce]

Hi Diez

Forgot to mention, that when I did an unzip of the egg file, and placed the
files in the ../python2.4/site-packages/durus dir, it still crashed...

it's as if the egg file is needed...

thanks



-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf
Of Diez B. Roggisch
Sent: Sunday, November 11, 2007 10:03 AM
To: python-list@python.org
Subject: Re: python - an eggs...


bruce schrieb:
> Hi Diez...
>
> In my case, I do a "python setup.py install" and i get a Durus...egg
> installed in the /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ dir... As I understand
> it, this egg/file contains compressed pythonic files.
>
> When I run the app which uses the durus stuff... the app crashes, and
> displays the durus python script with a path. However, when I simply
> cut/copy the path, and attempt to view that file, the path doesn't exist
on
> the drive. I'm assuming that there is some sort of relative offset action
> going on, but that the file actually doesn't exist, except within the egg
> itself.


You can unzipp eggs as well, creating a directory that ends in .egg -
that works the same.

> I've also tried to simply modify the original source file, without
> rebuilding the egg, which obviously doesn't affect the egg file.

Then after modification, reinstall.
>
> So, for now, the only way I can see to modify the src, is to go back to
the
> src files, modify, and rebuild the durus app.
>
> I don't see any "setuptools" neither setuptools, nor "man setuptools"
> returns anything on my system.

setuptools is a package that installs & creates eggs. You find it
documented here:

http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools

It comes with a few commandline-scripts after installation, such as

easy_install



> when i run "python setup.py develop" and I then run my app, it crashes,
> complaining of a persisten object not being found So I don't think
> that's the immediate solution.


I can't comment on that, but usually that shouldn't be the case just
because of the development mode.

Diez
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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Ricardo Aráoz]

Michael Bacarella wrote:
>>> This would seem to implicate the line id2name[id] = name as being
>  excruciatingly slow.
>> As others have pointed out there is no way that this takes 45
>> minutes.Must be something with your system or setup.
>>
>> A functionally equivalent code for me runs in about 49 seconds!
>> (it ends up using about twice as much ram as the data on disk)
> 
> You can download the list of keys from here, it's 43M gzipped:
> http://www.sendspace.com/file/9530i7
> 
> and see it take about 45 minutes with this:
> 
> $ cat cache-keys.py
> #!/usr/bin/python
> v = {}
> for line in open('keys.txt'):
> v[long(line.strip())] = True

Have you tried taking the long away? I mean :
 v[line.strip()] = True
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Re: Extended date and time

[Colin J. Williams]

Adam Pletcher wrote:
> The "time" module in the standard library does epoch, and conversions.
>  
> Get current local time in seconds since epoch (1970):
>  
>> >> import time
>> >> now_secs = time.time()
>> >> print now_secs
> 1194790069.33
>  
> Convert to a struct_time object for conversions:
>  
>> >> now_struct = time.localtime(now_secs)
>> >> print now_struct
> (2007, 11, 11, 8, 7, 49, 6, 315, 0)
>  
> Make it a readable string:
>  
>> >> now_string = time.strftime('%a %m/%d/%Y, %I:%M:%S %p', now_struct)
>> >> print now_string
> 'Sun 11/11/2007, 08:07:49 AM'
>  
> Convert string back into a struct_time object, then seconds again:
>  
>> >> now_struct2 = time.strptime(now_string, '%a %m/%d/%Y, %I:%M:%S %p')
>> >> print now_struct2
> (2007, 11, 11, 8, 7, 49, 6, 315, -1)
>> >> now2 = time.mktime(now_struct2)
>> >> print now2
> 1194790069.0
>  
> ... etc.  If you're starting the other direction, change the format 
> string passed to strptime to match the pattern of your 
> existing strings.  The standard docs for the time module has all the 
> details.
>  
> - Adam
What about November 5, 1605 ?

Colin W.
> 
>  
> 
> *From:* [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf 
> of Jeremy Sanders
> *Sent:* Sat 11/10/2007 9:37 AM
> *To:* python-list@python.org
> *Subject:* Extended date and time
> 
> Hi - I need to add support to a program for dates and times. The built-in
> Python library seems to be okay for many purposes, but what I would like
> would be Unix epoch style times (seconds relative to some date), covering a
> large period from the past to the future. What would be nice would be a
> library which can take floating point seconds from an epoch.
> 
> Does anyone know of a library which can convert from human style dates and
> times to a floating point epoch and back again? I expect I could fudge the
> fractional seconds with the built-in library, but I can't see how to get
> dates in the past.
> 
> Thanks, Jeremy.
> 
> --
> Jeremy Sanders
> http://www.jeremysanders.net/
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 

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Re: easy 3D graphics for rendering geometry?

[Scott David Daniels]

Scott David Daniels wrote:
> gsal wrote:
>> On Nov 10, 11:13 am, Scott David Daniels <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>> wrote:
>>> Well, what kind of computer, what version of everything (OS, Python,
>>> VPython), what display card, 
>>
>> Windows XP Professional
>> Version 2002, Service Pack 2
>> 1.4GHz, 512MB
>>
>> ATI MOBILITY RADEON 9000
>>
>> Python 2.5, VPython 2.5
>>
>> gsal
>>
> 
> Well, I'm running Python-2.5.1 and VPython 3.2.11 successfully on
> an NVIDIA GeForce 7100 GS on XP.  I generally don't see the problems
> you are seeing.  I know they are still struggling a bit with the
> Windows code (due in part to Arthur Siegel's untimely demise) and
> OpenGL on 2.5.  Do simple things always break, or do you kind of
> know what you do that breaks it?
> BTW, there is a newsgroup/mailing list that you should know about
> that I read on gmane:  gmane.comp.python.visualpython.user
> 
> Are you including calls to sleep and/or rate in your loops?
> 
> -Scott
Also, you can try VPython's newest beta for the _new_ style:
 2007-11-10 4.beta20
Available on
 http://sourceforge.net/projects/visualpython/
That has more, rather than less, performance issues for me,
but you might find it works more nicely with your video setup.

-Scott
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Re: Avoid newline at the end

[Florian Lindner]

Steven D'Aprano wrote:

> On Sun, 11 Nov 2007 11:22:19 +0100, Florian Lindner wrote:
> 
>> Hello,
>> I have a piece of code like that:
>> 
>> for row in resultSet:
>> logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/access.log \n" % (row[1], row[0])
>> logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/error.log \n" % (row[1], row[0]) # <--
>> 
>> Now I want to avoid the newline at the last iteration and only at the
>> second line.
> 
> That means your log file doesn't end with a newline. That's often not
> good, because it can confuse some tools.
> 
> Also, appending lots of strings together like that is very inefficient.
> 
>> How to do that most elegantly with Python?
> 
> If you have a small number of rows (say, less than a few tens of
> thousands), you can do this:
> 
> rows = []
> for row in resultSet:
> rows.append("/home/%s/%s/log/access.log" % (row[1], row[0]))
> rows.append("/home/%s/%s/log/error.log" % (row[1], row[0]))
> # note that there are no newlines
> logs = '\n'.join(rows) # do it once at the end
> 
> But again, when you write text to a file, you should end it with a
> newline. It isn't compulsory, but it is best practice.
> 
> Alternatively, check out the logging module.

That is not log file it's a config file for logrotate. And the log string
goes into a template therefore the config file ends with a newline. The
problem is that logrotate gets confused by empty lines between logfile path
and config.
The number of lines will always be < 100 and so config will only be
regenerated not often so efficiency is not issue.


Regards,

Florian
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Re: Avoid newline at the end

[Paul Rubin]

Florian Lindner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> for row in resultSet:
> logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/access.log \n" % (row[1], row[0])
> logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/error.log \n" % (row[1], row[0]) # <--


def logfile_path(name, row):
return "/home/%s/%s/log/%s " % (row[1], row[0], name)

logs = '\n'.join(logfile_path(name, row)  
  for row in resultSet
  for name in ('access.log', 'error.log'))
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which tool to use?

[Brian Blais]

Hello,

I'm looking for a system for managing submissions of proposals, with  
multiple parts, and possible updating of those parts by the user (so  
it needs some basic version control).  There has to be some sort of  
permissions enforcement, to distinguish submitters from committee  
members reading/commenting on proposals.  I've looked at Plone, but  
am not sure if it is the correct tool for this job: it's much more  
than I need.  I could try to roll my own, but it seems like I'd be  
reinventing the wheel.  Is there software out there already for this  
kind of thing, preferably customizable in Python?  I can be more  
specific about my requirements if that would help.



thanks,

Brian Blais

--
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[EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://web.bryant.edu/~bblais



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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

On Sun, 11 Nov 2007 08:51:37 -0800, Michael Bacarella wrote:

>> As others have pointed out there is no way that this takes 45
>> minutes.Must be something with your system or setup.
>>
>> A functionally equivalent code for me runs in about 49 seconds!
>> (it ends up using about twice as much ram as the data on disk)
> 
> You can download the list of keys from here, it's 43M gzipped:
> http://www.sendspace.com/file/9530i7
> 
> and see it take about 45 minutes with this:
> 
> $ cat cache-keys.py
> #!/usr/bin/python
> v = {}
> for line in open('keys.txt'):
> v[long(line.strip())] = True

Takes about 40 seconds here.

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ time python test.py

real0m38.758s
user0m25.290s
sys 0m1.580s

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: python - an eggs...

[Diez B. Roggisch]

bruce schrieb:
> Hi Diez...
> 
> In my case, I do a "python setup.py install" and i get a Durus...egg
> installed in the /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ dir... As I understand
> it, this egg/file contains compressed pythonic files.
> 
> When I run the app which uses the durus stuff... the app crashes, and
> displays the durus python script with a path. However, when I simply
> cut/copy the path, and attempt to view that file, the path doesn't exist on
> the drive. I'm assuming that there is some sort of relative offset action
> going on, but that the file actually doesn't exist, except within the egg
> itself.


You can unzipp eggs as well, creating a directory that ends in .egg - 
that works the same.

> I've also tried to simply modify the original source file, without
> rebuilding the egg, which obviously doesn't affect the egg file.

Then after modification, reinstall.
> 
> So, for now, the only way I can see to modify the src, is to go back to the
> src files, modify, and rebuild the durus app.
> 
> I don't see any "setuptools" neither setuptools, nor "man setuptools"
> returns anything on my system.

setuptools is a package that installs & creates eggs. You find it 
documented here:

http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools

It comes with a few commandline-scripts after installation, such as

easy_install



> when i run "python setup.py develop" and I then run my app, it crashes,
> complaining of a persisten object not being found So I don't think
> that's the immediate solution.


I can't comment on that, but usually that shouldn't be the case just 
because of the development mode.

Diez
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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Alberto Berti]

> "Michael" == Michael Bacarella <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

>> > This would seem to implicate the line id2name[id] = name as
>> being
Michael>  excruciatingly slow.
>> 
>> As others have pointed out there is no way that this takes 45
>> minutes.Must be something with your system or setup.
>> 
>> A functionally equivalent code for me runs in about 49 seconds!
>> (it ends up using about twice as much ram as the data on disk)

Michael> You can download the list of keys from here, it's 43M
Michael> gzipped: http://www.sendspace.com/file/9530i7

Michael> and see it take about 45 minutes with this:

I've downloaded your keys, run your program and this is the result:

$ du -h keys.txt 
128Mkeys.txt

$ time python cache_keys.py 

real0m55.913s
user0m35.286s
sys 0m0.852s

$ python
Python 2.4.4 (#2, Apr 26 2007, 00:02:45) 
[GCC 4.1.2 20061115 (prerelease) (Debian 4.1.1-21)] on linux2

$ uname -a
Linux lizard 2.6.21-1-k7 #1 SMP Sat May 26 16:56:05 UTC 2007 i686 GNU/Linux

cheers

Alberto

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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Arkanes]

Michael Bacarella wrote:
> You can download the list of keys from here, it's 43M gzipped:
> http://www.sendspace.com/file/9530i7
>
> and see it take about 45 minutes with this:
>
> $ cat cache-keys.py
> #!/usr/bin/python
> v = {}
> for line in open('keys.txt'):
> v[long(line.strip())] = True
>
>   
It takes about 20 seconds for me. It's possible it's related to int/long 
unification - try using Python 2.5. If you can't switch to 2.5, try 
using string keys instead of longs.
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"No backend servers available" using httplib

[miked]

i am trying to access printing templates from avery.com and i get a message
from the nsapi plugin:no backend server available.can you help me?

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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Michael Bacarella]

> > I tried your code (with one change, time on feedback lines) and got
 the
> >  same terrible
> > performance against my data set.
> >
> > To prove that my machine is sane, I ran the same against your
 generated
>>  sample file and got _excellent_ performance.  Start to finish in
 under a minute.
>
> One possibility could be that your dataset turns out to be some sort
> of pathological worst case for the hashing algorithm in python.


Cool!

Putting that on the resume. ;)

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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Michael Bacarella]

> > This would seem to implicate the line id2name[id] = name as being
 excruciatingly slow.
> 
> As others have pointed out there is no way that this takes 45
> minutes.Must be something with your system or setup.
>
> A functionally equivalent code for me runs in about 49 seconds!
> (it ends up using about twice as much ram as the data on disk)

You can download the list of keys from here, it's 43M gzipped:
http://www.sendspace.com/file/9530i7

and see it take about 45 minutes with this:

$ cat cache-keys.py
#!/usr/bin/python
v = {}
for line in open('keys.txt'):
v[long(line.strip())] = True



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Re: security code whit python

[Piet van Oostrum]

> "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> (oc) wrote:

>oc> thank you
>oc> but it said """
>oc> Traceback (most recent call last):
>oc>   File "", line 1, in 
>oc> c.text(0, 0, "Hello, world!")
>oc>   File "C:\web\apache\python\lib\pyx\canvas.py", line 309, in text
>oc> return self.insert(self.texrunner.text(x, y, atext, *args,
>oc> **kwargs))
>oc>   File "C:\web\apache\python\lib\pyx\text.py", line 1199, in text
>oc> self.execute(expr, self.defaulttexmessagesdefaultrun +
>oc> self.texmessagesdefaultrun + texmessages)
>oc>   File "C:\web\apache\python\lib\pyx\text.py", line 899, in execute
>oc> self.fontmap = dvifile.readfontmap(self.fontmaps.split())
>oc>   File "C:\web\apache\python\lib\pyx\dvifile.py", line 386, in
>oc> readfontmap
>oc> raise RuntimeError("cannot find font mapping file '%s'" %
>oc> filename)
>oc> RuntimeError: cannot find font mapping file 'psfonts.map'
>oc> """
>oc> I have setuped pyx i wonder i have mistake?

Do you have TeX installed?
-- 
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URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4]
Private email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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RE: python - an eggs...

[bruce]

Hi Diez...

In my case, I do a "python setup.py install" and i get a Durus...egg
installed in the /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/ dir... As I understand
it, this egg/file contains compressed pythonic files.

When I run the app which uses the durus stuff... the app crashes, and
displays the durus python script with a path. However, when I simply
cut/copy the path, and attempt to view that file, the path doesn't exist on
the drive. I'm assuming that there is some sort of relative offset action
going on, but that the file actually doesn't exist, except within the egg
itself.

I've also tried to simply modify the original source file, without
rebuilding the egg, which obviously doesn't affect the egg file.

So, for now, the only way I can see to modify the src, is to go back to the
src files, modify, and rebuild the durus app.

I don't see any "setuptools" neither setuptools, nor "man setuptools"
returns anything on my system.

when i run "python setup.py develop" and I then run my app, it crashes,
complaining of a persisten object not being found So I don't think
that's the immediate solution.

Thanks


-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf
Of Diez B. Roggisch
Sent: Sunday, November 11, 2007 4:36 AM
To: python-list@python.org
Subject: Re: python - an eggs...


bruce schrieb:
> Hi...
>
> I have a python script/app that i'm dealing with. It uses Durus, which
> installs as an egg.
>
> I'm trying to figure out how to modify any of the underlying source files
or
> the egg, short of modifying the original source file, and then having to
> reinstall the egg via "python setup.py install"...
>
> I'm relatively new to python/egg(s), but I can't seem to find a way to
> accomplish this via the 'net.
>
> I've looked in the Install file, as well as the setup.py thinking that I
> migt be able to find a way to simply build the app, and to have the
required
> scripts installed under the "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages" tree as the
> other pyhon apps/scripts are
>
> The app I'm working with is Durus 3.7. I've got the tar.gz uncompressed,
but
> the only thing I get is an egg file, which gets installed/placed under the
> "site-packages" dir.
>
> Any help/pointers/etc.. would be helpful!!

Usually, eggs are created using setuptools [1]. The documentation there
is comparably good. So I'm wondering where your troubles come from.

Your usecase should be solved by a simple

# python setup.py develop

Then in the site-packages there will be created an egg-link that points
to your durus-dir. You can then modify the source.

Diez
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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Istvan Albert]

On Nov 11, 11:25 am, Michael Bacarella <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I tried your code (with one change, time on feedback lines) and got the
>  same terrible
> performance against my data set.

> To prove that my machine is sane, I ran the same against your generated
> sample file and got _excellent_ performance.  Start to finish in under a 
> minute.

One possibility could be that your dataset turns out to be some sort
of pathological worst case for the hashing algorithm in python.

i.

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Re: Python iPod challenge

[josetokyo]

Hi guys,..

thanks for your thoughtful comments...
   as Alan says, its just a linguistic experiment...
   it seems the problem you guys found appears...
   when combining Windows OS and MSIE...
   (apologies...  m_._m )

Dont know how to fix it .(I am a begginer...)
if some soul wanna help out...  the code is here...
http://test-iq.web.cern.ch/test-iq/piton_is_easy.tar

Anyway it works fine with firefox :)

Thanks!


On Nov 11, 12:55 pm, Alan Franzoni
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Il Thu, 08 Nov 2007 08:11:27 -0600, Tim Chase ha scritto:
>
> > I had similar problems.  Additionally, that's pretty unpythonic
> > code, as the "correct" answer would be something like
>
> That's true, but you should remember it's a linguistic experiment, not a
> Python programming contest. The task is not to "do that thing in the best
> possible way", but to "fill in the gaps". You should just try to understand
> what the "original programmer" did and to complete the program in such way.
>
> Real problems here lie in the webapp implementation: it should check for
> javascript *before* beginning the test (I have noscript enabled, and had to
> give permission to the site, hence it took me far more time to complete the
> test since I was just clicking but obtaining nothing) and should state more
> clearly that it just needs the number of letters as the output (this should
> be related to scripteaze problem) without any other character. Error
> messages are pretty counter-intuitive.
>
> --
> Alan Franzoni <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> -
> Togli .xyz dalla mia email per contattarmi.
> Remove .xyz from my address in order to contact me.
> -
> GPG Key Fingerprint (Key ID = FE068F3E):
> 5C77 9DC3 BD5B 3A28 E7BC 921A 0255 42AA FE06 8F3E


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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Michael Bacarella]

Firstly, thank you for all of your help so far, I really appreciate it.

> > So, you think the Python's dict implementation degrades towards
 O(N)
> > performance when it's fed millions of 64-bit pseudo-random longs?
> 
> No.

Yes.

I tried your code (with one change, time on feedback lines) and got the
 same terrible
performance against my data set.

$ cat stevescode.py
#!/usr/bin/python
"""Read a big file into a dict."""

import gc
import time
print "Starting at %s" % time.asctime()
flag = gc.isenabled()
gc.disable()
id2name = {}
for n, line in enumerate(open('id2name.txt', 'r')):
if n % 100 == 0:
# Give feedback.
print "Line %d" % n,time.asctime()
id,name = line.strip().split(':', 1)
id = long(id)
id2name[id] = name
print "Items in dict:", len(id2name)
print "Completed import at %s" % time.asctime()
print "Starting to delete dict..."
del id2name
print "Completed deletion at %s" % time.asctime()
if flag:
gc.enable()
print "Finishing at %s" % time.asctime()

$ ./stevescode.py
Starting at Sun Nov 11 10:46:37 2007
Line 0 Sun Nov 11 10:46:37 2007
Line 100 Sun Nov 11 10:48:22 2007
Line 200 Sun Nov 11 10:51:08 2007
Line 300 Sun Nov 11 10:56:16 2007
Line 400 Sun Nov 11 10:58:41 2007
Line 500 Sun Nov 11 11:03:26 2007
^C

To prove that my machine is sane, I ran the same against your generated
sample file and got _excellent_ performance.  Start to finish in under a minute.

$ cat steves-makedict.py
#!/usr/bin/python
"""Make a big file of 64-bit integer keys plus random values."""

bits64 = 2**64
import random
template = '%d:This is a bunch of text...\n'
fp = open('id2name.txt', 'w')
for i in xrange(8191180):
fp.write(template % random.randint(0, bits64))
fp.close()

$ ./steves-makedict.py

$ ./stevescode.py
Starting at Sun Nov 11 11:15:31 2007
Line 0 Sun Nov 11 11:15:31 2007
Line 100 Sun Nov 11 11:15:37 2007
Line 200 Sun Nov 11 11:15:43 2007
Line 300 Sun Nov 11 11:15:49 2007
Line 400 Sun Nov 11 11:15:54 2007
Line 500 Sun Nov 11 11:16:00 2007
Line 600 Sun Nov 11 11:16:07 2007
Line 700 Sun Nov 11 11:16:12 2007
Line 800 Sun Nov 11 11:16:18 2007
Items in dict: 8191180
Completed import at Sun Nov 11 11:16:19 2007
Starting to delete dict...
Completed deletion at Sun Nov 11 11:16:23 2007
Finishing at Sun Nov 11 11:16:23 2007


> Notice that the dict is completely read into memory in just two and a
 
> half minutes. The script then tries to delete the dict, and 32
 minutes 
> later is still struggling. That's the point I got sick of waiting and
 
> interrupted the script.
>
> Conclusion: it's a memory issue, or maybe a garbage collection issue, not 
> a problem with dicts.

As you can see, not the case at all against my data set.

> (1) Presumably you don't want to run your app with the garbage collector 
> turned off. You might still want to play around with the gc module to see 
> what you can learn.

As you can see, your version did no better. :(

> (2) More memory will help avoid paging. If you can't get more memory, try 
> more virtual memory. It will still be slow, but at least the
 operating 
> system doesn't have to try moving blocks around as much.

The machine has 8GB, and is not doing anything else when I run this.

> (3) Are you sure you need all eight-million-plus items in the cache
 all
> at once?

Yes.

> (4) There are lots of algorithms out there for dealing with data too big 
> to fit into main memory. Do some research.

It DOES fit into main memory and a dictionary is exactly the right way
 to do this.

> (5) There is a data structure designed for dealing with tens of millions 
> of records at once. It is called "a database". If you can't find a better 
> algorithm, and refuse to use an existing RDBMS, I suspect you're
 going to 
> end up inventing a primitive, inefficient, buggy database which is no
 
> faster than existing systems out there.

I've tried three disk-based implementations already (BerkeleyDB, cdb, and an 
RDBMS)
Performance is terrible because they end up doing too many random disk seeks.
Pre-caching all of the data ahead of time has offered us the best performance 
so far,
but is still slower than it ought to be.

Creating a HEAP TABLE in the RDBMS is an idea, but moving all of this really 
easy
code into the RDBMS just to find a hashing algorithm that doesn't choke on my 
keys
sounds pretty lame.

 A cached in main memory hash is the right way to do this.

The Perl version runs *very* fast, after all.



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Re: easy 3D graphics for rendering geometry?

[Scott David Daniels]

gsal wrote:
> On Nov 10, 11:13 am, Scott David Daniels <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
>> Well, what kind of computer, what version of everything (OS, Python,
>> VPython), what display card, 
> 
> Windows XP Professional
> Version 2002, Service Pack 2
> 1.4GHz, 512MB
> 
> ATI MOBILITY RADEON 9000
> 
> Python 2.5, VPython 2.5
> 
> gsal
> 

Well, I'm running Python-2.5.1 and VPython 3.2.11 successfully on
an NVIDIA GeForce 7100 GS on XP.  I generally don't see the problems
you are seeing.  I know they are still struggling a bit with the
Windows code (due in part to Arthur Siegel's untimely demise) and
OpenGL on 2.5.  Do simple things always break, or do you kind of
know what you do that breaks it?
BTW, there is a newsgroup/mailing list that you should know about
that I read on gmane:  gmane.comp.python.visualpython.user

Are you including calls to sleep and/or rate in your loops?

-Scott
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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Istvan Albert]

On Nov 10, 4:56 pm, Michael Bacarella <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> This would seem to implicate the line id2name[id] = name as being 
> excruciatingly slow.

As others have pointed out there is no way that this takes 45
minutes.Must be something with your system or setup.

A functionally equivalent code for me runs in about 49 seconds!
(it ends up using about twice as much ram as the data on disk)

i.




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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Michael Bacarella]

> Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> > (2) More memory will help avoid paging. If you can't get more memory,
 try 
> > more virtual memory. It will still be slow, but at least the
 operating 
> > system doesn't have to try moving blocks around as much.
>
> Based on his previous post, it would seem he has 7GB of RAM (with about
 
> 5GB free) and 2GB of swap. I don't think RAM is the issue.
>
> Maybe there's something wrong with his specific Python installation. 
> What version is it and was it compiled by him?


This version:

$ python
Python 2.3.4 (#1, May  2 2007, 19:18:17)
[GCC 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-8)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

$ rpm -qi python
Name: python   Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version : 2.3.4 Vendor: CentOS
Release : 14.4  Build Date: Wed 02 May 2007 
07:20:29 PM EDT
Install Date: Mon 04 Jun 2007 05:48:29 PM EDT  Build Host: builder6
Group   : Development/Languages Source RPM: 
python-2.3.4-14.4.src.rpm
Size: 21137194 License: PSF - see LICENSE
Signature   : DSA/SHA1, Sat 05 May 2007 09:33:49 AM EDT, Key ID a53d0bab443e1821
URL : http://www.python.org/

$ uname -a
Linux xxx 2.6.9-22.ELsmp #1 SMP Sat Oct 8 21:32:36 BST 2005 x86_64 x86_64 
x86_64 GNU/Linux


We've also tried it on this version (on a different machine):

$ python
Python 2.4.3 (#1, Mar 14 2007, 19:01:42)
[GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat 4.1.1-52)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

$ rpm -qi python
Name: python   Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version : 2.4.3 Vendor: CentOS
Release : 19.el5Build Date: Wed 14 Mar 2007 
11:06:42 PM UTC
Install Date: Mon 29 Oct 2007 07:03:16 PM UTC  Build Host: builder6
Group   : Development/Languages Source RPM: 
python-2.4.3-19.el5.src.rpm
Size: 22087600 License: PSF - see LICENSE
Signature   : DSA/SHA1, Wed 04 Apr 2007 12:26:58 AM UTC, Key ID a8a447dce8562897
URL : http://www.python.org/
Summary : An interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language.

$ uname -a
Linux yyy 2.6.18-8.el5 #1 SMP Thu Mar 15 19:46:53 EDT 2007 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 
GNU/Linux


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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[DouhetSukd]

Ah, well, just noticed Ben's suggested this already.  Mind you, his
code, while correct in intent, does look a bit fishy (missing those
square brackets), so don't dismiss it just because you had trouble
running it (or mine).  Definitely worth a try and I'd be curious to
know if it makes a difference.

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Trouble with subprocess.call(...) and zsh script (OSError: [Errno 8] Exec format error)

[Michael George Lerner]

Hi,

(Python 2.5, OS X 10.4.10)
I have a program called pdb2pqr on my system. It is installed so that
"pdb2pqr" is in my path and looks like:

#\!/bin/zsh -f
/sw/share/pdb2pqr/pdb2pqr.py "$@"

When I call it via this script:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import subprocess
import tempfile
args = ('/sw/bin/pdb2pqr','--help')
output_file = tempfile.TemporaryFile(mode="w+")
print "Running",args
retcode =
subprocess.call(args,stdout=output_file.fileno(),stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
output_file.close()

I get this error:

localhost~/tmp$ ./x.py
Running ('/sw/bin/pdb2pqr', '--help')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./x.py", line 9, in 
retcode =
subprocess.call(args,stdout=output_file.fileno(),stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
  File "/sw/lib/python2.5/subprocess.py", line 443, in call
return Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs).wait()
  File "/sw/lib/python2.5/subprocess.py", line 593, in __init__
errread, errwrite)
  File "/sw/lib/python2.5/subprocess.py", line 1051, in _execute_child
raise child_exception
OSError: [Errno 8] Exec format error

But when I change it to directly call the script that the zsh script
calls like this:

args = ('/sw/share/pdb2pqr/pdb2pqr.py','--help')

everything works:

localhost~/tmp$ ./x.py
Running ('/sw/share/pdb2pqr/pdb2pqr.py', '--help')

This is with 2.5 on OS X 10.4.10. I'm happy to provide whatever
additional information might be useful.

Thanks,

-michael

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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Alberto Berti]

> "Steven" == Steven D'Aprano <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

Steven> $ time ./slurp_dict.py Starting at Sun Nov 11 14:26:51
Steven> 2007 Line 0 Line 100 Line 200 Line 300 Line
Steven> 400 Line 500 Line 600 Line 700 Line
Steven> 800 Items in dict: 8191180 Completed import at Sun Nov
Steven> 11 14:29:31 2007 Starting to delete dict...


Steven> Traceback (most recent call last): File "./slurp_dict.py",
Steven> line 20, in  del id2name KeyboardInterrupt

Steven> real 35m52.334s user 1m17.663s sys 0m16.758s


Steven> Notice that the dict is completely read into memory in
Steven> just two and a half minutes. The script then tries to
Steven> delete the dict, and 32 minutes later is still
Steven> struggling. That's the point I got sick of waiting and
Steven> interrupted the script.

Steven> Conclusion: it's a memory issue, or maybe a garbage
Steven> collection issue, not a problem with dicts.


uh, strange results...

I run your same scripts with and without garbage collection enabled
and those are the results:

with gc enabled:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/wip/zodb_test$ python slurp_dict.py 
Starting at Sun Nov 11 16:35:12 2007
Line 0
Line 100
Line 200
Line 300
Line 400
Line 500
Line 600
Line 700
Line 800
Items in dict: 8191180
Completed import at Sun Nov 11 16:36:03 2007
Starting to delete dict...
Completed deletion at Sun Nov 11 16:36:09 2007
Finishing at Sun Nov 11 16:36:09 2007

and without gc enabled

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/wip/zodb_test$ python slurp_dict.py 
Starting at Sun Nov 11 16:39:02 2007
Line 0
Line 100
Line 200
Line 300
Line 400
Line 500
Line 600
Line 700
Line 800
Items in dict: 8191180
Completed import at Sun Nov 11 16:39:49 2007
Starting to delete dict...
Completed deletion at Sun Nov 11 16:39:56 2007
Finishing at Sun Nov 11 16:39:56 2007


all with python2.4 on and i386 Linux

cheers 

Alberto

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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[DouhetSukd]

On Nov 11, 7:35 am, Michael Bacarella <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Tried that already.  No difference. :(

Not sure if it would make a difference, and it would imply re-
organizing your preceding lines, but what about doing the dictionary
build in one go, rather than incrementally?  Using the dict function,
which takes a list of (key,value) tuples.  I use it frequently as a
space-saver and it works well enough.  It may speed things up, I
dunno.  I had to break out your formatting in its own function and
that can't help too much.

Something like:

def fmt(line):
id,name = line.strip().split(':')
id = long(id)
return (id,name)

id2name = dict([fmt(line) for line in
iter(open('id2name.txt').readline,'')])

Cheers

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Re: Populating a dictionary, fast

[Michael Bacarella]

> - Original Message 
> From: Paul Rubin 
> To: python-list@python.org
> Sent: Sunday, November 11, 2007 12:45:44 AM
> Subject: Re: Populating a dictionary, fast
> 

> Michael Bacarella <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > If only it were so easy.
> 
> I think I know what's going on, the dictionary updates are sending the
> GC into quadratic behavior.  Try turning off the GC:
>
>import gc
>gc.disable()



Tried that already.  No difference. :(
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Re: Global variables within classes.

[uestc_mahui]

On 11 10 ,   10 01 , Donn Ingle <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

>
> > def pop(self):
> > item = self.list[-1]
> > del self.list[-1]
> > return item
>
> Is there some reason you do all that and not a self.list.pop(0)?
>

Hi.
There are no special reasons I do it that way.
Just not familiar with the member function 'pop'.
Thanks for your reminding

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Re: security code whit python

[Scott David Daniels]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> On 10 Kas m, 23:57, Wildemar Wildenburger
> I have setuped pyx i wonder i have mistake?

So far you seem to be treating this group as a free help desk for a
program you have paid thousands of dollars for.  See

 http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html

You've given a full traceback, but you have spent no effort
describing what your goal is or what different things you've
done to solve _your_ problem.

-Scott
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RE: Extended date and time

[Adam Pletcher]

The "time" module in the standard library does epoch, and conversions.
 
Get current local time in seconds since epoch (1970):
 
>>> import time
>>> now_secs = time.time()
>>> print now_secs
1194790069.33
 
Convert to a struct_time object for conversions:
 
>>> now_struct = time.localtime(now_secs)
>>> print now_struct
(2007, 11, 11, 8, 7, 49, 6, 315, 0)
 
Make it a readable string:
 
>>> now_string = time.strftime('%a %m/%d/%Y, %I:%M:%S %p', now_struct)
>>> print now_string
'Sun 11/11/2007, 08:07:49 AM'
 
Convert string back into a struct_time object, then seconds again:
 
>>> now_struct2 = time.strptime(now_string, '%a %m/%d/%Y, %I:%M:%S %p')
>>> print now_struct2
(2007, 11, 11, 8, 7, 49, 6, 315, -1)
>>> now2 = time.mktime(now_struct2)
>>> print now2
1194790069.0
 
... etc.  If you're starting the other direction, change the format string 
passed to strptime to match the pattern of your existing strings.  The standard 
docs for the time module has all the details.
 
- Adam

 


From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of Jeremy Sanders
Sent: Sat 11/10/2007 9:37 AM
To: python-list@python.org
Subject: Extended date and time



Hi - I need to add support to a program for dates and times. The built-in
Python library seems to be okay for many purposes, but what I would like
would be Unix epoch style times (seconds relative to some date), covering a
large period from the past to the future. What would be nice would be a
library which can take floating point seconds from an epoch.

Does anyone know of a library which can convert from human style dates and
times to a floating point epoch and back again? I expect I could fudge the
fractional seconds with the built-in library, but I can't see how to get
dates in the past.

Thanks, Jeremy.

--
Jeremy Sanders
http://www.jeremysanders.net/
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Re: Python Extension Building Network

[kyosohma]

On Nov 10, 11:03 pm, Yu-Xi Lim <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> > Hi,
>
> > I am trying to get a small group of volunteers together to create
> > Windows binaries for any Python extension developer that needs them,
> > much like the package/extension builders who volunteer their time to
> > create Linux RPMs.
>
> > Mike
>
> It's not entirely clear to me what you're compiling. Most of the modules
> you have there do not have native code. I'm guessing your main focus is
> building .exe installers for Windows users.


The main objective is to make it easier for Windows users to install
the modules, so that's what the .exe is for. Admittedly developers
should know how to install from source, but the newbs don't always
know how and I've had some trouble with some of the more complex ones
myself.


>
> If it's just installers of pure Python code, why the extra effort of
> using both VS and MingW? AFAIK, they both yield functionally identical
> results---the exact same .py files get installed.
>


I am using both because Steve Holden asked me to try MinGW. I was just
going to use Visual Studio. However, I thought it might be a good idea
to try it both ways to make sure it could be done in a completely open
source environment. I'm pretty sure you can use MinGW on impure Python
extensions too, although it takes more work.


> I'm also not sure how big a task this is or the issues involved, but
> here's my take based on what I've read:
>
> Throwing more manpower at the task is not the solution. The actual
> process can be and SHOULD BE highly automated. All that's needed are a
> proper distutils script, and proper tests. Both responsibilities should
> fall on the shoulders of the module authors, though I guess experienced
> volunteers can help out with the former.
>


I would like to do this and I was trying to come up with a way to do
just that. For some reason, when I mentioned that idea to one of my
more knowledgeable contacts, he didn't see the need for it.


> If the module is pure Python, there should be little need for testing
> the installer specifically on Windows. If there's a failure, then the
> module itself is buggy (e.g. making platform-specific assumptions) or
> there's similar problem with the install script.
>
> For a large number of modules on PyPI, building the installer is trivial
> (assuming pure Python, and a setup script). Compiling them can be easily
> automated: 1) check PyPI for updates 2) download the latest update 3)
> build the .exe 3) upload to a website. All that remains is the need for
> some hardware (a build farm) and the occasional manual intervention.
>
> If I'm not mistaken, distutils can build Windows installers on other
> platforms. Maybe you could set up a Linux LiveCD with the necessary
> tools installed and distribute that. Module authors who want to build
> Windows installers can easily use that CD. Volunteers wanting to help
> can do so easily without having to repeat the task of setting up the
> toolchain separately.


I've been told that distutils can build Windows installers on other
platforms, but I think that may apply only to pure Python extensions
only.


>
> I've done some work as a port maintainer (aka package maintainer) for
> FreeBSD. The BSD port system is somewhat closer to PEAK's Easy Install,
> however binary packages (similar to RPMs or DEBs) are also available.
> The port maintainer's job is solely to ensure that the Makefile (build
> script) is working and up to date. The actual testing of the code is
> done by the authors of the software itself and the port maintainer only
> ensures that the install script works right. Binary packages are built
> by an automated system using a cluster of computers for various
> architectures and supported OS versions. Errors during builds are sent
> to to port maintainers.
>
> A similar system is used for most Linux distributions with a central
> repository for packages.

I like this idea quite a bit. It's nice to know that other people are
thinking along the same lines as I am. However, I am not sure how to
do this myself. I assume when you mean by creating a Linux Live CD
with the proper tools, you mean that it should include MinGW and
Python. I suppose the only problem with that is the dependency issue.

There's a number of modules that require arbitrary modules for the
setup.py file to run. Mechanize is one such module as it require
ClientForm. Some of the others I've done required various versions of
Easy Setup or ElementTree. I'm not sure how this is resolved unless
you can just download these items during the Live CD session and
install them to memory. However, I don't think this is currently
possible, correct?

I'll float your ideas by Holden and see what he thinks though. Thanks
for the ideas.

Mike

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Re: Portrait of a "real life" __metaclass__

[Mark Shroyer]

On 2007-11-11, Jonathan Gardner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> There isn't much difference between
>>
>>   match_calendar_month(2007, 11, message)
>>
>> and
>>
>>   m = CalendarMonthMatcher(2007, 11)
>>   m.match(message)
>
> Yes, there isn't a world of difference between the two. But there
> is a world of difference between those and:
>
>match(message, before=date(2007, 12, 1), after=date(2007, 11, 1))
>
> And you can add parameters as needed. In the end, you may have a
> lot of parameters, but only one match function and only one
> interface.

No, that would be an absolutely, positively bad decision.  Heck,
suppose I wanted to match messages from "@ufl.edu" that are at least
seven days old, OR all other messages from the previous month or
earlier -- but only if we're at least four days into the current
month.  (This isn't a fanciful invention for the sake of argument,
it's an actual rule I'm using right now.)  Then, at best, we'd have
something like:

(match(message, domain="ufl.edu")
  and
match(message, before=date(2007, 11, 4))
  or (match(message, before=date(2007, 11, 1)), \
butMatchThePreviousMonthInsteadIfDaysIntoCurrentMonthIsLessThan=4))

Or you could go the other way and try to solve it by adding even
more arguments to the function, but then you're even worse off for
complexity.  Either way, you're left without an abstract way to say
"this month" or "previous week" without implementing the logic to do
so separately from the data.  In my experience, that kind of design
ends up making things a lot more complicated than they need to be,
once the application is put to use and once you (or worse, somebody
else) starts wanting to extend it.

Compare that to the actual implementation of this rule in my
program:

  rule= Or( 
  And( 
SenderPattern(re.compile("@ufl\.edu")),
DaysOld(7)
  ),
  CalendarMonthOld(match_delay_days=4)
)
  rule.match(message)

(The current implementation of CalendarMonthOld takes the current
month if not otherwise specified.)

> Or it could be that you are confusing two things with each other.
>
> [...]
>
> How do you avoid complexity? You take a step back, identify patterns,
> or pull different things apart from each other (like rows and
> columns), and try to find the most basic principles to guide the
> entire system.

If I could just break everything down into date ranges, I would.
But that doesn't give me the kind of behavior I want.

> The very fact that you are talking about months (and thus days and
> weeks and years and centuries, etc...) and not generic dates means you
> have some more simplifying to do in your design elsewhere as well.

No, it truly does not.  Sometimes I want to match a message that is
N days old; sometimes I want to match a message from the previous
*calendar month* or earlier, which can not be readily specified as a
number of days; the same goes for calendar year, calendar week, etc.
Some small amount of calculation has to be performed to convert a
given number of calendar weeks into a datetime range.  And in order
for the user -- that is, primarily, me, but hopefully others too
once I get around to polishing up this thing -- to be able to
generically say, "match all the messages from the last quarter",
bundling such behavior with the data it operates on makes the system
easier to implement and *much* easier to extend.

If I used a monolithic match() function, as you suggest, then any
user who wanted to implement a new message handling action or a new
matching rule would need to alter the core application.  With my
approach, all that user needs to do is toss a module containing his
or her custom Matcher and Action implementations into a certain
directory, and he's good to go.

> Rewrite the SaveAttachmentsByMonth so that it calls a more generic
> SaveAttachmentsByDateRange function. Or better yet, have it
> FilterEmailsByDateRange and ExtractAttachment and SaveAttachment. Or
> even better, have it FilterEmailsBySpecification(date_from=X,
> date_to=Y) and SaveAttachmentl.

Yeah, actually the class I have defined for this action *is* a more
generic "save attachments by date range" action type, as I used for
an example later in that post when I described passing it a
CalendarWeek date range instead of a CalendarMonth.  The confusion
on this point is my fault, though, as I also referred to this action
as SaveAttachmentsByMonth in a misguided attempt at clarifying my
point.

> Do you see the point? Your big function SaveAttachmentsByMonth is kind
> of like point number 735. It's easier to describe it as the point at
> (7,35) than as a single number. It's better to talk about the most
> basic functionality --- saving emails and filter emails -- rather than
> talking about big concepts.
>
> [...]
>
> Your users will appreciate it as well. While it may be nice to have a
> shiny button that saves attachments by months, they'd rather they
> could specify the date ranges theyd lik

Re: python - an eggs...

[Diez B. Roggisch]

bruce schrieb:
> Hi...
> 
> I have a python script/app that i'm dealing with. It uses Durus, which
> installs as an egg.
> 
> I'm trying to figure out how to modify any of the underlying source files or
> the egg, short of modifying the original source file, and then having to
> reinstall the egg via "python setup.py install"...
> 
> I'm relatively new to python/egg(s), but I can't seem to find a way to
> accomplish this via the 'net.
> 
> I've looked in the Install file, as well as the setup.py thinking that I
> migt be able to find a way to simply build the app, and to have the required
> scripts installed under the "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages" tree as the
> other pyhon apps/scripts are
> 
> The app I'm working with is Durus 3.7. I've got the tar.gz uncompressed, but
> the only thing I get is an egg file, which gets installed/placed under the
> "site-packages" dir.
> 
> Any help/pointers/etc.. would be helpful!!

Usually, eggs are created using setuptools [1]. The documentation there 
is comparably good. So I'm wondering where your troubles come from.

Your usecase should be solved by a simple

# python setup.py develop

Then in the site-packages there will be created an egg-link that points 
to your durus-dir. You can then modify the source.

Diez
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Re: Avoid newline at the end

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sun, 11 Nov 2007 11:22:19 +0100, Florian Lindner wrote:

> Hello,
> I have a piece of code like that:
> 
> for row in resultSet:
> logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/access.log \n" % (row[1], row[0]) 
> logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/error.log \n" % (row[1], row[0]) # <--
> 
> Now I want to avoid the newline at the last iteration and only at the
> second line.

That means your log file doesn't end with a newline. That's often not 
good, because it can confuse some tools.

Also, appending lots of strings together like that is very inefficient. 

> How to do that most elegantly with Python?

If you have a small number of rows (say, less than a few tens of 
thousands), you can do this:

rows = []
for row in resultSet:
rows.append("/home/%s/%s/log/access.log" % (row[1], row[0]))
rows.append("/home/%s/%s/log/error.log" % (row[1], row[0]))
# note that there are no newlines
logs = '\n'.join(rows) # do it once at the end

But again, when you write text to a file, you should end it with a 
newline. It isn't compulsory, but it is best practice.

Alternatively, check out the logging module.



-- 
Steven.
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Re: Python iPod challenge

[Alan Franzoni]

Il Thu, 08 Nov 2007 08:11:27 -0600, Tim Chase ha scritto:


> I had similar problems.  Additionally, that's pretty unpythonic 
> code, as the "correct" answer would be something like

That's true, but you should remember it's a linguistic experiment, not a 
Python programming contest. The task is not to "do that thing in the best 
possible way", but to "fill in the gaps". You should just try to understand 
what the "original programmer" did and to complete the program in such way. 

Real problems here lie in the webapp implementation: it should check for 
javascript *before* beginning the test (I have noscript enabled, and had to 
give permission to the site, hence it took me far more time to complete the 
test since I was just clicking but obtaining nothing) and should state more 
clearly that it just needs the number of letters as the output (this should 
be related to scripteaze problem) without any other character. Error 
messages are pretty counter-intuitive.

-- 
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-
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Remove .xyz from my address in order to contact me.
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why ctypes+dll gives a strange result

[oyster]

you can download the files at
http://www.newsmth.net/att.php?s.284.38015.655.zip
the dll and exe are created by freebasic

import ctypes
mydll=ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary("mydll.dll")

_TwoTimes=getattr(mydll,'[EMAIL PROTECTED]')
_TwoTimes.argtypes=[ctypes.c_double]
def TwoTimes(i):
return _TwoTimes(i)

in fact, twotimes function return double*2, but when I use
print TwoTimes(10)
in python, I get 2226880

thanx
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Re: Avoid newline at the end

[Paul Hankin]

On Nov 11, 10:22 am, Florian Lindner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hello,
> I have a piece of code like that:
>
> for row in resultSet:
> logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/access.log \n" % (row[1], row[0])
> logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/error.log \n" % (row[1], row[0]) # <--
>
> Now I want to avoid the newline at the last iteration and only at the second
> line.
> How to do that most elegantly with Python?

Naively after your code...
logs = logs.rstrip()

But probably, I'd have constructed the list of logs, then used 'join'
to build the string.

logs = []
for row in resultSet:
for name in ('access.log', 'error.log'):
logs += ['/home/%s/%s/log/%s' % (row[1], row[0], name)]
logs = '\n'.join(logs)

Or equivalently using a list comprehension...

logs = '\n'.join('/home/%s/%s/log/%s' % (row[1], row[0], name)
for row in resultSet
for name in ('access.log', 'error.log'))

--
Paul Hankin

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Avoid newline at the end

[Florian Lindner]

Hello,
I have a piece of code like that:

for row in resultSet:
logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/access.log \n" % (row[1], row[0])
logs += "/home/%s/%s/log/error.log \n" % (row[1], row[0]) # <--

Now I want to avoid the newline at the last iteration and only at the second
line.
How to do that most elegantly with Python?

Thanks,

Florian
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