Python Ireland Pub Meetup - Wed, 10th Aug, 7pm - Bull Castle
Hi All, When: Wed, 10th Aug, 7pm No talks this month, pub meetup at The Bull Castle. Event is free and all are welcome. Details: http://www.python.ie/meetup/2011/python-ireland-pub-meetup-august-2011/ Cheers, /// Vicky ~ ~~ http://irishbornchinese.com ~~ ~~ http://www.python.ie ~~ ~ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations/
Re: JSON Strict Mode
On Thu, Aug 4, 2011 at 8:25 PM, John Riselvato jdriselv...@gmail.com wrote: I am working on a license verification script. I am rather new to the concept and to JSON files in general. Based on your questions, reading a programming tutorial might be a good idea. Here's one that uses Python and that I've heard praise for: http://openbookproject.net/thinkcs/python/english3e/ The official tutorial is also worth reading: http://docs.python.org/dev/tutorial/ Once you understand Python's basic datatypes, JSON is a breeze; they are extremely similar. This is what my pseudocode looks like: licenses = meta['license'] for x in licenses: if licenses[x]['terms'] is not valid opensource license I would probably instead write that as: for license_name, license in licenses.items(): if not is_open_source(license['terms']): # rest same as before if in strict mode raise nonfree exception How would i go about checking if its in strict mode You would have a boolean* variable somewhere indicating whether or not the program is in strict mode. Its value would presumably be set based on user input, or a configuration file, or whatever is applicable to your program; e.g.: strict = True strict = False config = parse_configuration_file() if config.strict: # whatever and what does raise nonfree exception mean? I regret that the Wikipedia article on the topic of exceptions isn't too approachable. So, I'll instead refer you to the relevant section of the Python tutorial: http://docs.python.org/dev/tutorial/errors.html#errors-and-exceptions (Disclaimer: The following is oversimplified and somewhat Python-specific.) In a nutshell, an exception is type of object** used to indicate that a program has encountered an error; it contains details about the error and its cause. When a program encounters an error, it stores information about the error into a new exception object and then raises (using, in Python, the raise statement) this object so that the program can properly react to the error. By virtue of the raise, normal execution of the program stops, and control is transferred to another part of the program which previously registered itself as being capable of handling the kind of error in question. The code in that part of the program then examines the exception object that was raised and takes appropriate action to deal with the error. If no part of the program registered itself as capable of handling the kind of error in question, a detailed error message is output and the program exits. In your specific example, the non-pseudo-code would look something like: # a declaration somewhere: class NonFreeLicenseError(ValueError): License is not free according to the Open Source Definition. # ... back in the part of your code corresponding to your pseudocode: if strict: raise NonFreeLicenseError(The '%s' license is nonfree and thus impermissible. % x) As written, I have NonFreeLicenseError as a kind of ValueError. This may or may not be appropriate depending on your program; a list of built-in types of exceptions can be found at http://docs.python.org/dev/library/exceptions.html#bltin-exceptions Cheers, Chris -- http://rebertia.com * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_data_type ** http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_%28computer_science%29 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
In Python, three types of objects have special syntax and mechanics for their instantiation, during which a code object is generated: modules, classes, and functions. Each has its own role to play and the differences between them mostly reflect that. Here are some observations (based on default behavior): Object creation relative to code object creation: (M) before (C) after (F) after Object creation relative to code object execution: (M) before (C) after (F) before Object available during code object execution: (M) no (C) no (F) no Code object destiny: (M) executed once at definition time, then discarded (C) executed once at definition time, then discarded (F) not executed at definition time, stored on the function object for execution with each __call__() invocation. Execution locals is available during code object execution: (M) as globals() (C) as locals() (F) as locals() Object namespace is execution locals of code object: (M) yes (C) more or less (F) completely distinct Unique syntax: (M) 'import' statement (C) 'class' statement (F) 'def' statement Mechanism triggered by respective syntax: (M) import machinery (import.c/importlib) (C) internal, but partially exposed via metaclasses and the __build_class__ builtin (F) internal, nothing exposed Override capability: (M) complete capability through builtin __import__ and PEP 302 import hooks (C) partial capability, before code object execution through metaclass __prepare__() and after through __build_class__() and metaclass __call__(), __new__(), and __init__() (F) no capability Post instantiation modification capability: (M) yes (C) yes (F) mostly (some attributes are read-only) Mechanism to instantiate outside of respective unique syntax: (M) imp.new_module(), types.ModuleType(), type(module)() (C) type() (F) types.FunctionType(), type(f)() Type extensibility: (M) Not relative to 'import' syntax (by default) (C) Complete (F) No Name available during definition execution: (M) as __name__ (C) only through metaclass __prepare__() (F) through inspect.currentframe().f_code.co_name Name available on object as __name__: (M) yes (C) yes (F) yes Corrections, additions, and comment are welcome. -eric -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
On 05/08/11 09:20, Eric Snow wrote: Object available during code object execution: (M) no (C) no (F) no (F) yes. cf. recursion. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python - C api related - Concurrent Script Execution
Dear All, I have developed a C++ server application which handles requests coming in from my web server. The server application is capable of handling multiple users at a time. Each user has a session object. Each user also has some variables associated with it. These variables are maintained in the c++ side as python dictionaries as they will be processed by executing scripts by the function PyRun_SimpleString() with each request. What i realised half-way through the implementation is that I will probably not be able to execute python scripts in parallel from the c++ end. Is this thinking correct? One user makes a request and the c++ code calls the python script which has to fetch information from a remote server (takes some seconds), but I cannot have other users script execution wait till this first script returns. Am i missing a point here. Please let me know if there is a way out of this as I am stuck big time. Do let me know if you require any more information. Help will be appreciated. Thanks!!! Regards Diana -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
__set__ method is not called for class attribute access
In the context of descriptors, the __set__ method is not called for class attribute access. __set__ is only called to set the attribute on an instance instance of the owner class to a new value, value. WHY? Is there some other mechanism for accomplishing this outcome. This subtle difference from __get__cost me some time to track down. Might think about pointing that out the documentation. class RevealAccess(object): A data descriptor that sets and returns values normally and prints a message logging their access. def __init__(self, initval=None, name='var'): self.val = initval self.name = name def __get__(self, obj, objtype): print 'Retrieving', self.name return self.val def __set__(self, obj, val): print 'Updating' , self.name self.val = val class MyClass(object): x = RevealAccess(10, 'var x') y = 5 print MyClass.x MyClass.x = 20 print MyClass.x MyClass.x = 30 print MyClass.x Retrieving var x 10 20 30 I am at a lost on how to intercept class attribute sets. Can anyone help :-/ Ryan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Recursive functions (was Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution)
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 9:22 AM, Thomas Jollans t...@jollybox.de wrote: On 05/08/11 09:20, Eric Snow wrote: Object available during code object execution: (M) no (C) no (F) no (F) yes. cf. recursion. Is it? As I understand it, a Python function is not able to reference itself but must reference its own name. This means that assigning that function to something else stops it being recursive: # def foo(x): print(x) if x3: foo(x-1) foo(5) 5 4 3 bar=foo bar(5) 5 4 3 def foo(x): print(Foo,x) if x3: foo(x-1) foo(5) Foo 5 Foo 4 Foo 3 bar(5) 5 Foo 4 Foo 3 # bar() is not a recursive function, even though foo() was and is. I've just played around with a decorator, though; this appears to work: def recursive(f): l=list(f.__defaults__) l[-1]=f f.__defaults__=tuple(l) return f @recursive def quux(x,quux=None): print(Quux,x) if x3: quux(x-1) foo=quux def quux(x): print(Stopping.) quux(5) Stopping. foo(5) Quux 5 Quux 4 Quux 3 Effectively, the decorator binds the function's own self to its last default parameter, thus holding a cyclic reference (unlikely to be an issue - people won't be creating and destroying functions frequently, so GC issues shouldn't arise). The last parameter doesn't have to have the name of the function; this works with lambdas: recursive(lambda x,_=None: print(Lambda,x) or (x3 and _(x-1) or None))(5) Lambda 5 Lambda 4 Lambda 3 Yes, this is a pretty stupid example. But is this sort of decorator useful? It's not like people regularly want recursive lambdas. Chris Angelico -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: __set__ method is not called for class attribute access
Ryan wrote: In the context of descriptors, the __set__ method is not called for class attribute access. __set__ is only called to set the attribute on an instance instance of the owner class to a new value, value. WHY? Is there some other mechanism for accomplishing this outcome. This subtle difference from __get__cost me some time to track down. Might think about pointing that out the documentation. class RevealAccess(object): A data descriptor that sets and returns values normally and prints a message logging their access. def __init__(self, initval=None, name='var'): self.val = initval self.name = name def __get__(self, obj, objtype): print 'Retrieving', self.name return self.val def __set__(self, obj, val): print 'Updating' , self.name self.val = val class MyClass(object): x = RevealAccess(10, 'var x') y = 5 print MyClass.x MyClass.x = 20 print MyClass.x MyClass.x = 30 print MyClass.x Retrieving var x 10 20 30 I am at a lost on how to intercept class attribute sets. Can anyone help :-/ A class is just an instance of its metaclass, so you could move the descriptor into the metaclass to see the expected behaviour in the class: class A: ... class __metaclass__(type): ... x = RevealAccess(10, 'var x') ... A.x = 42 Updating var x A.x Retrieving var x 42 However: A().x Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in module AttributeError: 'A' object has no attribute 'x' So you'd need two descriptors if you want to intercept variable access on both the instance and class level. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
stopping a thread with _Thread__stop
This recipe: http://code.activestate.com/recipes/576780-timeout-for-nearly-any-callable/ Claims that a Python thread can be stopped by executing the private method Thread._Thread__stop. I don't think this is true, since _Thread__stop doesn't really stop or kill the thread. In conformance to theory, the timelimited method this recipe defines leaves a thread running in the background if the function it's given is long-running (or infinite). Is there something I'm missing? Eli -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: __set__ method is not called for class attribute access
Ryan heni...@yahoo.com wrote: In the context of descriptors, the __set__ method is not called for class attribute access. __set__ is only called to set the attribute on an instance instance of the owner class to a new value, value. WHY? Is there some other mechanism for accomplishing this outcome. This subtle difference from __get__cost me some time to track down. Might think about pointing that out the documentation. class RevealAccess(object): A data descriptor that sets and returns values normally and prints a message logging their access. def __init__(self, initval=None, name='var'): self.val = initval self.name = name def __get__(self, obj, objtype): print 'Retrieving', self.name return self.val def __set__(self, obj, val): print 'Updating' , self.name self.val = val class MyClass(object): x = RevealAccess(10, 'var x') y = 5 print MyClass.x MyClass.x = 20 print MyClass.x MyClass.x = 30 print MyClass.x Retrieving var x 10 20 30 I am at a lost on how to intercept class attribute sets. Can anyone help :-/ The descriptor protocol only works when a value is being accessed or set on an instance and there is no instance attribute of that name so the value is fetched from the underlying class. Classes are instances too, so you may get some of what you want from: class MyMeta(type): x = RevealAccess(10, 'var x') class MyClass(object): __metaclass__ = MyMeta y = 5 MyClass.x = 20 Updating var x MyClass.x Retrieving var x 20 However note that if you do this you can access x only directly on the class not on an instance of the class: MyClass().x Traceback (most recent call last): File pyshell#16, line 1, in module MyClass().x AttributeError: 'MyClass' object has no attribute 'x' -- Duncan Booth http://kupuguy.blogspot.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: __set__ method is not called for class attribute access
Duncan Booth wrote: The descriptor protocol only works when a value is being accessed or set on an instance and there is no instance attribute of that name so the value is fetched from the underlying class. Unlike normal class attributes a descriptor is not shaded by an instance attribute: class A(object): ... def set_x(self, value): self.__dict__[x] = value/2.0 ... def get_x(self): return self.__dict__[x] * 2.0 ... x = property(get_x, set_x) ... a = A() a.x = 42 a.__dict__[x] 21.0 a.x 42.0 A.x = something completely different a.x 21.0 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Fwd: Sockets: Receiving C Struct
I was not sure if this message was sent before my membership was accepted.
Please disregard if it's a duplicate.
Thanks
Begin forwarded message:
From: Johnny Venter johnny.ven...@zoho.com
Date: August 5, 2011 8:15:53 AM EDT
To: python-list@python.org
Subject: Sockets: Receiving C Struct
New to python and would like to test network/sockets with it.
I am having a problem where I have setup the following:
import socket, sys, struct
HOST = '1.1.1.1'
PORT = 153
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST, PORT))
data = struct.unpack('!I',s.recv(4))[0]
s.close()
print data
What I would like to do is take the input from the server, and store it in an
array. The type of data is int.
Can someone help?
Thanks, Johnny
PGP.sig
Description: This is a digitally signed message part
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyWhich
Tim Chase wrote: On 08/04/2011 07:34 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote: Billy Mays wrote: #!/usr/bin/python I believe the recommended, platform independent hash-bang line is #!/usr/bin/which python I think you mean #!/usr/bin/env python Doh! I *always* conflate env and which. Thank you for the correction. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyWhich
On 05/08/2011 14:51, Steven D'Aprano wrote: Tim Chase wrote: On 08/04/2011 07:34 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote: Billy Mays wrote: #!/usr/bin/python I believe the recommended, platform independent hash-bang line is #!/usr/bin/which python I think you mean #!/usr/bin/env python Doh! I *always* conflate env and which. Thank you for the correction. And there I was thinking you were making a sly and ironic point about using a utility to find something on the path in order to run a utility which finds something on the path... TJG -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyWhich
In 4e3bf554$0$29976$c3e8da3$54964...@news.astraweb.com Steven D'Aprano steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info writes: Doh! I *always* conflate env and which. Thank you for the correction. Way to say conflate! :-) -- John Gordon A is for Amy, who fell down the stairs gor...@panix.com B is for Basil, assaulted by bears -- Edward Gorey, The Gashlycrumb Tinies -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
Eric Snow wrote:
In Python, three types of objects have special syntax and mechanics
for their instantiation, during which a code object is generated:
modules, classes, and functions.
I believe you are labouring under a misapprehension. Modules and classes
don't generate code objects.
The simplest possible module just has a name:
import sys
module = type(sys)
module(name)
module 'name' (built-in)
Or if you prefer to do it the normal way by importing from source code,
the simplest source code of all is just an empty file.
A module is an object with a __dict__, a __name__, and a __docstring__ which
defaults to None. That's it. No code objects, unless you populate the
__dict__ with functions, but it is the *functions* that have the code
objects, not the module itself. The module is just a container.
Classes are similar. The simplest class:
class K:
pass
or if you prefer:
type('K', (), {})
class '__main__.K'
Again, no code objects unless you populate the dict with functions (which
get turned into methods). Again, the class object is just a container. A
more complex container than modules, with a richer set of inherited
behaviour, but still just a container.
The signature for creating a function is very different:
help(type(lambda: None)) =
class function(object)
| function(code, globals[, name[, argdefs[, closure]]])
|
| Create a function object from a code object and a dictionary.
| The optional name string overrides the name from the code object.
| The optional argdefs tuple specifies the default argument values.
| The optional closure tuple supplies the bindings for free variables.
The simplest function I can think of:
co = compile('pass', '', 'single')
f = type(lambda: None)(co, {})
Even simpler than
def f():
pass
Can you see why?
If you inspect a function object, you will see that it always has a code
object, even if the code object does nothing but return None:
import dis
dis.dis(f.func_code)
1 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
There may be some other obscure built-in type that includes code objects,
but I can't imagine what it would be. I feel confident in saying that
functions, and functions alone, contain code. Even methods are just
wrappers around functions. Even built-in functions like len don't contain
code! (Or at least, their code isn't accessible from Python.) Which makes
sense, if you think about it: their code is part of the Python virtual
machine, not the object.
--
Steven
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyWhich
On 08/04/2011 10:03 PM, Chris Angelico wrote: On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 1:34 AM, Steven D'Aprano steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote: Especially for a tool aimed at programmers (who else would be interested in PyWhich?) The use that first springs to my mind is debugging import paths etc. If you have multiple pythons installed and aren't sure that they're finding the right modules, you could fire up PyWhich on an innocuous module like math or sys, and see if it's loading it from the right path. People doing this might not necessarily be programmers, they might be sysadmins; but you're right that it's most likely this will be used by competent Python programmers. ChrisA I am trying to do debugging. I have had some trouble with multiple python installs with virtualenv, and I was trying to see where given modules came from. I knew about the code execution, but I couldn't think of a clean way to just find out the location rather than load it. The reason I used stdout was because I was going to be using it in a tool chain where the stdout might need to be formatted for another program to read in. Thats also why I was catching ImportError since a later version of this script might need to do something special with it. This is also useful to see if python is really using the module you think it is. -- Bill -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Recursive functions (was Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution)
Chris Angelico wrote: On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 9:22 AM, Thomas Jollans t...@jollybox.de wrote: On 05/08/11 09:20, Eric Snow wrote: Object available during code object execution: (M) no (C) no (F) no (F) yes. cf. recursion. Is it? As I understand it, a Python function is not able to reference itself but must reference its own name. That is correct. Recursion in Python is implemented simply by name lookup. This means that assigning that function to something else stops it being recursive: An easier way to demonstrate the process: def f(x): ... print x ... if x 0: f(x-1) ... f(3) 3 2 1 0 g = f del f g(3) 3 Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in module File stdin, line 3, in f NameError: global name 'f' is not defined -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyWhich
Billy Mays wrote: The reason I used stdout was because I was going to be using it in a tool chain where the stdout might need to be formatted for another program to read in. print writes to sys.stdout unless you tell it different. import sys import StringIO capture = StringIO.StringIO() sys.stdout = capture print spam sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__ # Restore the real file. capture.getvalue() 'spam\n' Syntax for printing elsewhere is ugly as sin in Python 2, but it works: print sys.stderr, spam spam print capture, ham capture.getvalue() 'spam\nham\n' Thats also why I was catching ImportError since a later version of this script might need to do something special with it. Well you better also catch SyntaxError, because a later version of your script might need to do something special with it too :) Also RuntimeError, ValueError, TypeError... *wink* -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sockets: Receiving C Struct
First, s.recv(4) is not guaranteed to always return 4 bytes. It could
return 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, wtih 4 being the most likely. To deal with this, I
tend to use http://stromberg.dnsalias.org/~dstromberg/bufsock.html - but I
suspect that Twisted has a way of dealing with it too.
Then, to put your data into a list, just create an empty list with [] and
use list_.append(integer).
Or was there more to your question, like perhaps a traceback you haven't
shared with us?
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 6:05 AM, Johnny Venter johnny.ven...@zoho.comwrote:
I was not sure if this message was sent before my membership was accepted.
Please disregard if it's a duplicate.
Thanks
Begin forwarded message:
*From: *Johnny Venter johnny.ven...@zoho.com
*Date: *August 5, 2011 8:15:53 AM EDT
*To: *python-list@python.org
*Subject: **Sockets: Receiving C Struct*
New to python and would like to test network/sockets with it.
I am having a problem where I have setup the following:
import socket, sys, struct
HOST = '1.1.1.1'
PORT = 153
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST, PORT))
data = struct.unpack('!I',s.recv(4))[0]
s.close()
print data
What I would like to do is take the input from the server, and store it in
an array. The type of data is int.
Can someone help?
Thanks, Johnny
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
scrape text from web
python-list@python.org:
hi ,everyone,
i want to scrap something from
http://search.dangdang.com/search_pub.php?key=python
my code is :
import urllib
import lxml.html
down='http://search.dangdang.com/search_pub.php?key=python'
file=urllib.urlopen(down).read()
root=lxml.html.fromstring(file)
tnodes = root.xpath(//div[@class='listitem
detail']//li[@class='maintitle']//a)
for i,x in enumerate(tnodes):
print i, ,x.get('name'),x.get('href'),x.get('onclick'),x.text,\n
the output is :
0p_name
http://product.dangdang.com/product.aspx?product_id=20872365ref=search-1-pub
s('click','python','01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','20872365_1_22591_p','','','');
None
1p_name
http://product.dangdang.com/product.aspx?product_id=20255354ref=search-1-pub
s('click','python','01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','20255354_2_12605_p','','','');
None
2p_name
http://product.dangdang.com/product.aspx?product_id=20836565ref=search-1-pub
s('click','python','01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','20836565_3_2361_p','','','');
None
3p_name
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s('click','python','01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','21004615_4_3387_p','','','');
None
4p_name
http://product.dangdang.com/product.aspx?product_id=21063086ref=search-1-pub
s('click','python','01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','21063086_5_18815_p','','','');
None
5pr_name
http://product.dangdang.com/product.aspx?product_id=20678461ref=search-1-pub
s('click','python','01.54.04.03,01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','20678461_6_3967_p','','','RECO');
None
6pr_name
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s('click','python','01.54.19.00','','86_1_25','','','20650363_7_62_p','','','RECO');
黑客之道：漏洞发掘的艺术(原书第二版)(赠1CD)(电子制品CD-ROM)(
7pr_name
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s('click','python','01.54.19.00','','86_1_25','','','20767932_8_4475_p','','','RECO');
Binary Hacks――黑客秘笈100选
8p_name
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s('click','python','01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','20596189_9_639_p','','','');
None
9p_name
http://product.dangdang.com/product.aspx?product_id=20947680ref=search-1-pub
s('click','python','01.54.24.00,01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','20947680_10_7295_p','','','');
None
10p_name
http://product.dangdang.com/product.aspx?product_id=21050368ref=search-1-pub
s('click','python','01.54.19.00','','86_1_25','','','21050368_11_7039_p','','','');
None
11p_name
http://product.dangdang.com/product.aspx?product_id=20667966ref=search-1-pub
s('click','python','01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','20667966_12_383_p','','','');
None
12p_name
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s('click','python','01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','21022493_13_5183_p','','','');
None
13pr_name
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s('click','python','01.54.06.08,01.54.06.18','','86_1_25','','','479654_14_2095_p','','','RECO');
Perl语言编程（第三版）
14pr_name
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s('click','python','01.54.10.00','','86_1_25','','','20999855_15_6715_p','','','RECO');
程序员的思维修炼：开发认知潜能的九堂课
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Re: problem with bcd and a number
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 1:40 AM, Dan Stromberg drsali...@gmail.com wrote:
print int(hex(0x72).replace('0x', ''))
72
Or simpler: int(hex(0x72)[2:])
Although if you have it as a string, you need to ord() the string.
It's probably better to just do the bitwise operations though.
ChrisA
--
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Re: problem with bcd and a number
Chris Angelico wrote:
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 1:40 AM, Dan Stromberg drsali...@gmail.com wrote:
print int(hex(0x72).replace('0x', ''))
72
Or simpler: int(hex(0x72)[2:])
Although if you have it as a string, you need to ord() the string.
Or use str.encode():
int(\x72.encode(hex))
72
int(\x12\x34\x56.encode(hex))
123456
It's probably better to just do the bitwise operations though.
--
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Re: problem with bcd and a number
On Thu, 04 Aug 2011 21:52:45 +0200, Christoph Hansen c...@radamanthys.de wrote: MRAB schrieb: The value is MSB * 100 + (LSB 4) * 10 + (LSB 0xF) i would say (MSB 4)*100 + (MSB 0xF)*10 + (LSB 4) but who knows I concur. I think the documentation is trying to say that the low-order nibble of the LSB is garbage. -- To email me, substitute nowhere-spamcop, invalid-net. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ANN: geany-pyflakes 1.0
Hello everyone, I have just published a small plugin for Geany IDE that adds Pyflakes error detection to the editor. If there are people using Geany for Python development I would be very grateful for opinions and suggestions. The plugin can be found here: http://code.google.com/p/geany-pyflakes/ -- Filip Gruszczyński -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 8:36 AM, Steven D'Aprano
steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote:
Eric Snow wrote:
In Python, three types of objects have special syntax and mechanics
for their instantiation, during which a code object is generated:
modules, classes, and functions.
I believe you are labouring under a misapprehension. Modules and classes
don't generate code objects.
Sorry for any confusion. I was talking specifically about the their
instantiation through their respective special syntax. During that
process a code object is generated for each. For classes and modules
the code object is executed and then discarded. I covered this
explicitly in one of the observations.
The simplest possible module just has a name:
import sys
module = type(sys)
module(name)
module 'name' (built-in)
Or if you prefer to do it the normal way by importing from source code,
the simplest source code of all is just an empty file.
A module is an object with a __dict__, a __name__, and a __docstring__ which
defaults to None. That's it. No code objects, unless you populate the
__dict__ with functions, but it is the *functions* that have the code
objects, not the module itself. The module is just a container.
Classes are similar. The simplest class:
class K:
pass
or if you prefer:
type('K', (), {})
class '__main__.K'
Again, no code objects unless you populate the dict with functions (which
get turned into methods). Again, the class object is just a container. A
more complex container than modules, with a richer set of inherited
behaviour, but still just a container.
The signature for creating a function is very different:
help(type(lambda: None)) =
class function(object)
| function(code, globals[, name[, argdefs[, closure]]])
|
| Create a function object from a code object and a dictionary.
| The optional name string overrides the name from the code object.
| The optional argdefs tuple specifies the default argument values.
| The optional closure tuple supplies the bindings for free variables.
The simplest function I can think of:
co = compile('pass', '', 'single')
f = type(lambda: None)(co, {})
Even simpler than
def f():
pass
Can you see why?
If you inspect a function object, you will see that it always has a code
object, even if the code object does nothing but return None:
import dis
dis.dis(f.func_code)
1 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
There may be some other obscure built-in type that includes code objects,
but I can't imagine what it would be. I feel confident in saying that
functions, and functions alone, contain code. Even methods are just
wrappers around functions. Even built-in functions like len don't contain
code! (Or at least, their code isn't accessible from Python.) Which makes
sense, if you think about it: their code is part of the Python virtual
machine, not the object.
Agreed that [non-builtin] functions are the only objects that have a
code object attribute. However, they are not the only objects for
which a code object is generated and executed.
I've always found your frequent responses very insightful and
thoughtful, Steven, and I appreciate that. In this case I can only
imagine that my opening statement was unclear enough that you did not
continue to read the rest, where the context of my point was more
clear (I hope :). Regardless, thanks for taking a look.
-eric
--
Steven
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Re: ANN: geany-pyflakes 1.0
On 8/5/2011 9:14 AM Filip Gruszczyński said... Hello everyone, I have just published a small plugin for Geany IDE that adds Pyflakes error detection to the editor. If there are people using Geany for Python development I would be very grateful for opinions and suggestions. The plugin can be found here: http://code.google.com/p/geany-pyflakes/ fyi - the downloaded geany-pyflakes-1.0.tar.gz is in fact not gzipped and should either be gizzped or simply named geany-pyflakes-1.0.tar. However, after activating the plugin, asking geany for a new file breaks geany and it rudely closes so I'm unable to actually do anything with it. Emile -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
Eric Snow wrote: On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 8:36 AM, Steven D'Aprano steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote: Eric Snow wrote: In Python, three types of objects have special syntax and mechanics for their instantiation, during which a code object is generated: modules, classes, and functions. I believe you are labouring under a misapprehension. Modules and classes don't generate code objects. Sorry for any confusion. I was talking specifically about the their instantiation through their respective special syntax. During that process a code object is generated for each. Do you believe that this process of generating a code object and throwing it away is a part of the Python language specification, which any compiler must do in order to call itself Python, or a mere implementation detail? Is this documented somewhere? If it is not documented, what makes you think that it happens at all? You are writing as if it were self-evidently true, but I don't believe it is self-evident at all. I think you need to demonstrate the truth of two of those three pillars, not just take them for granted. For classes and modules the code object is executed and then discarded. I covered this explicitly in one of the observations. I think your definition of explicitly and mine differ here. Agreed that [non-builtin] functions are the only objects that have a code object attribute. However, they are not the only objects for which a code object is generated and executed. Are you talking about the fact that importing a module, class statements and function statements all involve executing a block of code? How does that differ from executing any other fragment of code? Modules are special, of course, because they can get compiled to byte-code, but I trust you're not talking about .pyc files. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: Community Involvement
After the completion of most training courses, the students are not yet ready to make a meaningful contribution to the community. Yet your goal of getting them involved in the community is worthwhile. I would think learning to use the community as a resource to solve a problem that is not based on the standard modules would be a good one. I liked the recipe suggestion as well, but I think you would need to post a list of items to choose and remove the item when the recipe has been posted. Otherwise you could get a gazillion examples of sorting a dictionary... Just my 2 cents FWIW Fred Sells -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Community Involvement
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 6:31 PM, Sells, Fred fred.se...@adventistcare.org wrote: After the completion of most training courses, the students are not yet ready to make a meaningful contribution to the community. That's quite possibly true, but they may very well be in a position to recognize a documentation error/omission and assist, or alternatively, to triage some bugs. There are plenty of OSS projects that could do with a hand there; does it have to be Python specifically? Python's docs are pretty good, but I'm sure there will always be value in people spending time on http://bugs.python.org/ and seeing if they can reproduce the bugs. ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Table Driven GUI Definition?
I have a task where I want to create pretty simple one page visual interfaces (Graphical or Text, but it needs to run across Windows, Cygwin, Linux,*BSD, OSX ...). These interfaces are nothing more than option checklists and text fields. Conceptually something like: Please Select Your Installation Options: Windows Compatibility Services _ Linux Compatibility Services_ TRS-DOS Compatibility Services _ What Is Your email Address: ___ What I'm looking for is a way to describe such forms in a text file that can then be fed into a tool to generate the necessary pyGUI, Tkinter, (or whatever) code. The idea is that it should be simple to generate a basic interface like this and have it only record the user's input. Thereafter, the python code would act on the basis of those selection without any further connection to the GUI. An added bonus would be a similar kind of thing for generating web interfaces to do this. This might actually be a better model because then I only have to worry about a single presentation environment. Ideas anyone? -- Tim Daneliuk tun...@tundraware.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Question about encoding, I need a clue ...
Hi, I use Mac OSX for development but deploy on a Linux server. (Platform details provided below). When the locale is set to FR_CA, I am not able to display a u circumflex consistently across the two machines even though the default encoding is set to ascii on both machines. Specifically, calendar.month_name[8] returns a ? (question mark) on the Linux server whereas it displays properly on the Mac OSX system. However, if I take the result from calendar.month_name[8] and run it through the following function unicode(calendar.month_name[8],latin1) ... then the u circumflex displays correctly on the Linux server but does not display correctly on my Mac. Of course, I could work around this problem with a relatively simple if statement but these issues are going to show up all over my application so even a simple if statement will start to get cumbersome. I guess what it boils down to is that I would like to get a better handle on what is going on so that I will know how best to work through future encoding issues. Thanks in advance for any advice. Here are the specifics of my problem. On my Mac: Python 2.6.7 (r267:88850, Jul 30 2011, 23:46:53) [GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5664)] on darwin import locale locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL,'fr_CA') 'fr_CA' import sys sys.getdefaultencoding() 'ascii' import calendar calendar.month_name[8] 'ao\xc3\xbbt' print calendar.month_name[8] août print unicode(calendar.month_name[8],latin1) août On the linux server: uname -a Linux alhena 2.6.32.8-grsec-2.1.14-modsign-xeon-64 #2 SMP Sat Mar 13 00:42:43 PST 2010 x86_64 GNU/Linux Python 2.5.2 (r252:60911, Jan 24 2010, 17:44:40) [GCC 4.3.2] on linux2 import locale,sys,calendar locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL,'fr_CA') 'fr_CA' sys.getdefaultencoding() 'ascii' calendar.month_name[8] 'ao\xfbt' print calendar.month_name[8] ao?t print unicode(calendar.month_name[8],latin1) août -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
Steven D'Aprano wrote: There may be some other obscure built-in type that includes code objects, but I can't imagine what it would be. I feel confident in saying that functions, and functions alone, contain code. Even methods are just wrappers around functions. Even built-in functions like len don't contain code! (Or at least, their code isn't accessible from Python.) Which makes sense, if you think about it: their code is part of the Python virtual machine, not the object. Interesting question. Iterators seem to have code objects: Python 2.6.5 (r265:79063, Apr 16 2010, 13:09:56) [GCC 4.4.3] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. a = [1, 2, 3] b = (x for x in a) dir(b) ['__class__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__name__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'close', 'gi_code', 'gi_frame', 'gi_running', 'next', 'send', 'throw'] for name in dir(b): ... print name, type (getattr (b, name)) ... __class__ type 'type' __delattr__ type 'method-wrapper' __doc__ type 'NoneType' __format__ type 'builtin_function_or_method' __getattribute__ type 'method-wrapper' __hash__ type 'method-wrapper' __init__ type 'method-wrapper' __iter__ type 'method-wrapper' __name__ type 'str' __new__ type 'builtin_function_or_method' __reduce__ type 'builtin_function_or_method' __reduce_ex__ type 'builtin_function_or_method' __repr__ type 'method-wrapper' __setattr__ type 'method-wrapper' __sizeof__ type 'builtin_function_or_method' __str__ type 'method-wrapper' __subclasshook__ type 'builtin_function_or_method' close type 'builtin_function_or_method' gi_code type 'code' gi_frame type 'frame' gi_running type 'int' next type 'method-wrapper' send type 'builtin_function_or_method' throw type 'builtin_function_or_method' in the form of the gi_code attribute. No idea what it's for, although no reason to believe it shouldn't be there. (Very interesting demo you gave of primitive object creation. I' awed.) Mel. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Get the name of a function
Hi all, is there a way to retrive the function name like with self.__class__.__name__? Using self.__dict__.__name__ I've got def test(): ... print(self.__dict__.__name__) ... test function test at 0x0178DDF8 But I really just want the function name, so 'test' Any help? Thanks, Mattia -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: geany-pyflakes 1.0
fyi - the downloaded geany-pyflakes-1.0.tar.gz is in fact not gzipped and should either be gizzped or simply named geany-pyflakes-1.0.tar. However, after activating the plugin, asking geany for a new file breaks geany and it rudely closes so I'm unable to actually do anything with it. I have posted a gzipped version with a fix. Would you care to take a look? -- Filip Gruszczyński -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Table Driven GUI Definition?
On 05-08-11 19:53, Tim Daneliuk wrote: I have a task where I want to create pretty simple one page visual interfaces (Graphical or Text, but it needs to run across Windows, Cygwin, Linux,*BSD, OSX ...). These interfaces are nothing more than option checklists and text fields. Conceptually something like: Please Select Your Installation Options: Windows Compatibility Services _ Linux Compatibility Services_ TRS-DOS Compatibility Services _ What Is Your email Address: ___ What I'm looking for is a way to describe such forms in a text file that can then be fed into a tool to generate the necessary pyGUI, Tkinter, (or whatever) code. The idea is that it should be simple to generate a basic interface like this and have it only record the user's input. Thereafter, the python code would act on the basis of those selection without any further connection to the GUI. An added bonus would be a similar kind of thing for generating web interfaces to do this. This might actually be a better model because then I only have to worry about a single presentation environment. Ideas anyone? Yeah, HTML being the text file and a web browser being the tool to transform it into a GUI... You can hook this up with a simple web server or web framework running locally to grab the submitted form results when the form is complete and process them in a piece of python code. Wouldn't that work? Irmen -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Replace all references to one object with references to other
I have two objects, and I want to replace all references to the first object - everywhere - with references to the second object. What can I try? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: geany-pyflakes 1.0
On 8/5/2011 11:58 AM Filip Gruszczyński said... fyi - the downloaded geany-pyflakes-1.0.tar.gz is in fact not gzipped and should either be gizzped or simply named geany-pyflakes-1.0.tar. However, after activating the plugin, asking geany for a new file breaks geany and it rudely closes so I'm unable to actually do anything with it. I have posted a gzipped version with a fix. Would you care to take a look? OK - it no longer crashes, but it doesn't appear to do anything. Is there something further I need to do to configure it? The Pyflakes tab does appear in the message window and I've created a new testpyflakes.py with code similar to your example. Also, just FYI, the plugin manager now shows the version as 1.0.1 while the tar file name indicates 1.0.2. Emile -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Table Driven GUI Definition?
On 8/5/2011 10:53 AM Tim Daneliuk said... I have a task where I want to create pretty simple one page visual interfaces (Graphical or Text, but it needs to run across Windows, Cygwin, Linux,*BSD, OSX ...). These interfaces are nothing more than option checklists and text fields. I'm not happened across an automated tool exactly, but I'd look into pyjamas or pygui. Emile -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Table Driven GUI Definition?
On 8/5/2011 2:05 PM, Irmen de Jong said this: On 05-08-11 19:53, Tim Daneliuk wrote: I have a task where I want to create pretty simple one page visual interfaces (Graphical or Text, but it needs to run across Windows, Cygwin, Linux,*BSD, OSX ...). These interfaces are nothing more than option checklists and text fields. Conceptually something like: Please Select Your Installation Options: Windows Compatibility Services _ Linux Compatibility Services_ TRS-DOS Compatibility Services _ What Is Your email Address: ___ What I'm looking for is a way to describe such forms in a text file that can then be fed into a tool to generate the necessary pyGUI, Tkinter, (or whatever) code. The idea is that it should be simple to generate a basic interface like this and have it only record the user's input. Thereafter, the python code would act on the basis of those selection without any further connection to the GUI. An added bonus would be a similar kind of thing for generating web interfaces to do this. This might actually be a better model because then I only have to worry about a single presentation environment. Ideas anyone? Yeah, HTML being the text file and a web browser being the tool to transform it into a GUI... You can hook this up with a simple web server or web framework running locally to grab the submitted form results when the form is complete and process them in a piece of python code. Wouldn't that work? Irmen Yup, although I'd probably use a central apache instance. But I'm still curious ... is there a way to do this with a full GUI tool on a thick client? -- Tim Daneliuk tun...@tundraware.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Get the name of a function
On 8/5/2011 11:52 AM gervaz said... Hi all, is there a way to retrive the function name like with self.__class__.__name__? yes, but not reliably: Python 2.6.4rc2 (r264rc2:75497, Oct 20 2009, 02:55:11) [GCC 4.4.1] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. def test():pass ... test.__name__ 'test' b=test b.__name__ 'test' Emile -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Replace all references to one object with references to other
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 3:37 PM, Jack Bates ms...@freezone.co.uk wrote: I have two objects, and I want to replace all references to the first object - everywhere - with references to the second object. What can I try? If using PyPy instead of CPython is an option, the thunk object space's become function can apparently do this: http://doc.pypy.org/en/latest/objspace-proxies.html#the-thunk-object-space In CPython, this might be a tad difficult. At the C level, a reference to a python object is just a pointer to it. You could iterate through the entire address space looking for values that equal a particular pointer, but changing them would be dangerous, since memory isn't labeled by type - you can't tell if the memory is a pointer to your object or an important part of some other data structure. If you could narrow down what you want to accomplish, this might be easier. For instance, if all you need is to replace module-level references to the object, that can be done. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Replace all references to one object with references to other
On 8/5/2011 12:37 PM Jack Bates said... I have two objects, and I want to replace all references to the first object - everywhere - with references to the second object. What can I try? Start with a proxy to your first and have it swap in to the second? EMile -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Table Driven GUI Definition?
On Aug 5, 2011, at 4:10 PM, Tim Daneliuk wrote: On 8/5/2011 2:05 PM, Irmen de Jong said this: On 05-08-11 19:53, Tim Daneliuk wrote: I have a task where I want to create pretty simple one page visual interfaces (Graphical or Text, but it needs to run across Windows, Cygwin, Linux,*BSD, OSX ...). These interfaces are nothing more than option checklists and text fields. Conceptually something like: Please Select Your Installation Options: Windows Compatibility Services _ Linux Compatibility Services_ TRS-DOS Compatibility Services _ What Is Your email Address: ___ What I'm looking for is a way to describe such forms in a text file that can then be fed into a tool to generate the necessary pyGUI, Tkinter, (or whatever) code. The idea is that it should be simple to generate a basic interface like this and have it only record the user's input. Thereafter, the python code would act on the basis of those selection without any further connection to the GUI. An added bonus would be a similar kind of thing for generating web interfaces to do this. This might actually be a better model because then I only have to worry about a single presentation environment. Ideas anyone? Hi Tim This looks pretty straightforward to me; maybe I'm missing something. It doesn't look trivial, but the steps seem pretty clear. Is there some part in particular that's giving you trouble? Cheers Philip Yeah, HTML being the text file and a web browser being the tool to transform it into a GUI... You can hook this up with a simple web server or web framework running locally to grab the submitted form results when the form is complete and process them in a piece of python code. Wouldn't that work? Irmen Yup, although I'd probably use a central apache instance. But I'm still curious ... is there a way to do this with a full GUI tool on a thick client? -- Tim Daneliuk tun...@tundraware.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Replace all references to one object with references to other
In mailman.1937.1312573077.1164.python-l...@python.org Jack Bates ms...@freezone.co.uk writes: I have two objects, and I want to replace all references to the first object - everywhere - with references to the second object. What can I try? The simplest answer to your question is to assign object2 to object1 at the very beginning of your code, but that is a very naive solution and can easily fail based on lots of factors. What's your context: A single source file? Many source files? A live application with persistent data? What are your two objects? Do they provide an identical interface? -- John Gordon A is for Amy, who fell down the stairs gor...@panix.com B is for Basil, assaulted by bears -- Edward Gorey, The Gashlycrumb Tinies -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Replace all references to one object with references to other
In j1hl5v$9gj$1...@reader1.panix.com John Gordon gor...@panix.com writes: In mailman.1937.1312573077.1164.python-l...@python.org Jack Bates ms...@freezone.co.uk writes: I have two objects, and I want to replace all references to the first object - everywhere - with references to the second object. What can I try? The simplest answer to your question is to assign object2 to object1 I think I have that backwards, but the intent should be clear: object1 = object2 # many references to object1 follow, which will now reference object2 -- John Gordon A is for Amy, who fell down the stairs gor...@panix.com B is for Basil, assaulted by bears -- Edward Gorey, The Gashlycrumb Tinies -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
On 8/5/2011 4:22 AM, Thomas Jollans wrote: On 05/08/11 09:20, Eric Snow wrote: Object available during code object execution: (M) no (C) no (F) no (F) yes. cf. recursion. Recursion only happens through runtime name resolution, not through direct access to the function or code object from within the code. -- Terry Jan Reedy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ctypes LoadLibrary search path
Hi, Can anyone enlighten me to the search path mechanism in ctypes' LoadLibrary? I have a DLL that resides elsewhere that is not in any default search path. I tried adding the path to `sys.path` before attempting to load said DLL but I still get WindowsError: [Error 126] The specified module could not be found. Thanks, ~/santa -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ctypes LoadLibrary search path
Nevermind. I figured it out (d'oh!). I had to append to `os.environ['PATH']`, not `sys.path`! ~/santa On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 2:13 PM, Santoso Wijaya santoso.wij...@gmail.comwrote: Hi, Can anyone enlighten me to the search path mechanism in ctypes' LoadLibrary? I have a DLL that resides elsewhere that is not in any default search path. I tried adding the path to `sys.path` before attempting to load said DLL but I still get WindowsError: [Error 126] The specified module could not be found. Thanks, ~/santa -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Get the name of a function
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 11:52 AM, gervaz ger...@gmail.com wrote: Hi all, is there a way to retrive the function name like with self.__class__.__name__? Using self.__dict__.__name__ I've got def test(): ... print(self.__dict__.__name__) ... Er, where did `self` magically come from? test function test at 0x0178DDF8 But I really just want the function name, so 'test' Any help? Courtesy of the Observations on the three pillars of Python execution thread: from inspect import currentframe def foobar(): my_name = currentframe().f_code.co_name print(my_name) I would recommend against a function knowing its own name though, unless it's for debugging or necessary metaprogramming purposes. Cheers, Chris -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about encoding, I need a clue ...
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 11:07 AM, Geoff Wright geoffwright...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, I use Mac OSX for development but deploy on a Linux server. (Platform details provided below). When the locale is set to FR_CA, I am not able to display a u circumflex consistently across the two machines even though the default encoding is set to ascii on both machines. ASCII can't represent a circumflex anyway, and I think the default encoding is distinct from the locale-set encoding, so I don't think the default encoding matters here. Specifically, calendar.month_name[8] returns a ? (question mark) on the Linux server whereas it displays properly on the Mac OSX system. However, if I take the result from calendar.month_name[8] and run it through the following function unicode(calendar.month_name[8],latin1) ... then the u circumflex displays correctly on the Linux server but does not display correctly on my Mac. Of course, I could work around this problem with a relatively simple if statement but these issues are going to show up all over my application so even a simple if statement will start to get cumbersome. I guess what it boils down to is that I would like to get a better handle on what is going on so that I will know how best to work through future encoding issues. Thanks in advance for any advice. Here are the specifics of my problem. On my Mac: Python 2.6.7 (r267:88850, Jul 30 2011, 23:46:53) [GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5664)] on darwin snip calendar.month_name[8] 'ao\xc3\xbbt' print calendar.month_name[8] août print unicode(calendar.month_name[8],latin1) août On the linux server: uname -a Linux alhena 2.6.32.8-grsec-2.1.14-modsign-xeon-64 #2 SMP Sat Mar 13 00:42:43 PST 2010 x86_64 GNU/Linux Python 2.5.2 (r252:60911, Jan 24 2010, 17:44:40) [GCC 4.3.2] on linux2 snip calendar.month_name[8] 'ao\xfbt' print calendar.month_name[8] ao?t print unicode(calendar.month_name[8],latin1) août Some quick experimentation seems to indicate that your month names are Latin-1-encoded on Linux and UTF-8-encoded on Mac. Perhaps try using a locale that specifies a specific encoding? e.g. fr_CA.UTF-8 Cheers, Chris -- http://rebertia.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Sockets: Receiving C Struct
New to python and would like to test network/sockets with it.
I am having a problem where I have setup the following:
import socket, sys, struct
HOST = '1.1.1.1'
PORT = 153
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST, PORT))
data = struct.unpack('!I',s.recv(4))[0]
s.close()
print data
What I would like to do is take the input from the server, and store it in an
array. The type of data is int.
Can someone help?
Thanks, Johnny
PGP.sig
Description: This is a digitally signed message part
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Re: Get the name of a function
On 2011-08-05, gervaz ger...@gmail.com wrote: Hi all, is there a way to retrive the function name like with self.__class__.__name__? Not really. There may not be any such thing as the function name. A function may have zero names, it may have a dozen names. It may have names but only in namespaces that aren't accessible. This question comes up at least once a month, so look back through the group for threads about finding an object's name, finding a parameter's name, etc. Here's a nice article on introspection, but what it talks about as a function name probably isn't what you're interested in: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-pyint/index.html Here's a stack-overflow question similar to yours: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1538342/how-can-i-get-the-name-of-an-object-in-python -- Grant Edwards grant.b.edwardsYow! But they went to MARS at around 1953!! gmail.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 11:29 AM, Steven D'Aprano steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote: Eric Snow wrote: On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 8:36 AM, Steven D'Aprano steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote: Eric Snow wrote: In Python, three types of objects have special syntax and mechanics for their instantiation, during which a code object is generated: modules, classes, and functions. I believe you are labouring under a misapprehension. Modules and classes don't generate code objects. Sorry for any confusion. I was talking specifically about the their instantiation through their respective special syntax. During that process a code object is generated for each. Do you believe that this process of generating a code object and throwing it away is a part of the Python language specification, which any compiler must do in order to call itself Python, or a mere implementation detail? That's a great point which I hadn't considered. Honestly, I only used my experience with CPython in making these observations. After reviewing the language reference I see that I missed out on a bunch of nomenclature that would have made things more clear, and I got a few points wrong, which you pointed out. :) Regarding code objects and classes, your are right. The language reference indicates the following: The class’s suite is then executed in a new execution frame...When the class’s suite finishes execution, its execution frame is discarded but its local namespace is saved. [1] So the use of code objects for execution is an implementation detail. Instead of code object I should have referred to the code executed in the execution frame or just to the frame. Incidently, I had not realized that the builtin __build_class__() is also an implementation detail[3]. For modules, the language reference doesn't say anything about how execution is accomplished, which only matters when execution is involved in the creation of the module object. It does refer to importlib as a reference implementation[4]. The order-of-operations observations I made are based on that reference implementation. Is this documented somewhere? If it is not documented, what makes you think that it happens at all? You are writing as if it were self-evidently true, but I don't believe it is self-evident at all. I think you need to demonstrate the truth of two of those three pillars, not just take them for granted. For classes and modules the code object is executed and then discarded. I covered this explicitly in one of the observations. I think your definition of explicitly and mine differ here. Agreed that [non-builtin] functions are the only objects that have a code object attribute. However, they are not the only objects for which a code object is generated and executed. Are you talking about the fact that importing a module, class statements and function statements all involve executing a block of code? How does that differ from executing any other fragment of code? The difference is that modules, classes, and functions (really the function body) are code blocks tied to syntax that results in module, type, and function objects. There are other code blocks but none of them have a unique syntax, much less one that results in an object of the corresponding type[5]. This is relevant for trying to find the object that corresponds to an execution frame, which is what led me to my original post and drove the direction of the observations I made. Anyway, I appreciate the feedback! I'm going to have to revisit my observations with the language definition in hand. You've been really insightful, as usual. -eric [1] http://docs.python.org/dev/reference/compound_stmts.html#class-definitions [2] http://docs.python.org/dev/reference/datamodel.html#metaclasses [3] http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-3000/2007-March/006338.html [4] http://docs.python.org/dev/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-import-statement [5] http://docs.python.org/dev/reference/executionmodel.html#naming Modules are special, of course, because they can get compiled to byte-code, but I trust you're not talking about .pyc files. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: geany-pyflakes 1.0
OK - it no longer crashes, but it doesn't appear to do anything. Is there something further I need to do to configure it? The Pyflakes tab does appear in the message window and I've created a new testpyflakes.py with code similar to your example. OK, so there must be something wrong. Do you have pyflakes installed? Where are they installed? Also, just FYI, the plugin manager now shows the version as 1.0.1 while the tar file name indicates 1.0.2. Yeah, I should make a configure file with version and use it in c code, to never make that mistake again, but I really, really don't wanto to touch autotools again. -- Filip Gruszczyński -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Table Driven GUI Definition?
On 8/5/2011 3:42 PM, Philip Semanchuk wrote: On Aug 5, 2011, at 4:10 PM, Tim Daneliuk wrote: On 8/5/2011 2:05 PM, Irmen de Jong said this: On 05-08-11 19:53, Tim Daneliuk wrote: I have a task where I want to create pretty simple one page visual interfaces (Graphical or Text, but it needs to run across Windows, Cygwin, Linux,*BSD, OSX ...). These interfaces are nothing more than option checklists and text fields. Conceptually something like: Please Select Your Installation Options: Windows Compatibility Services _ Linux Compatibility Services_ TRS-DOS Compatibility Services _ What Is Your email Address: ___ What I'm looking for is a way to describe such forms in a text file that can then be fed into a tool to generate the necessary pyGUI, Tkinter, (or whatever) code. The idea is that it should be simple to generate a basic interface like this and have it only record the user's input. Thereafter, the python code would act on the basis of those selection without any further connection to the GUI. An added bonus would be a similar kind of thing for generating web interfaces to do this. This might actually be a better model because then I only have to worry about a single presentation environment. Ideas anyone? Hi Tim This looks pretty straightforward to me; maybe I'm missing something. It doesn't look trivial, but the steps seem pretty clear. Is there some part in particular that's giving you trouble? Cheers Philip I want to take a text definition file that looks something this: Title Please Select Your Installation Options: Checkbox Windows Compatibility Services Checkbox Linux Compatibility Services Checkbox TRS-DOS Compatibility Services Inputbox What Is Your email Address: And have that aut-generate the GUI interface described above for the selected GUI toolkit and/or an equivalent HTML page. I know I can write a program to do this, but it seems that someone else may have already solved this problem. Appearance isn't terribly important. I want a Quick-And-Dirty configuration manager interface (for configuring new operating system VMs). The reason that I want a simple text file definition is to make it easy to add new options to the display as they become available. For example, suppose it becomes possible to work with a new OS, then all I'd have to do is add the following to the text definition file, and regenerate the interface: Checkbox MVS Compatibility Services The idea is to not have to touch the code base as the options of the GUI evolve, but rather to modify the data file that describes it. In some sense, this is a variation of HTML templating except I want to do it (potentially) with a thick client GUI. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Table Driven GUI Definition?
On Aug 5, 2011, at 6:20 PM, Tim Daneliuk wrote: On 8/5/2011 3:42 PM, Philip Semanchuk wrote: On Aug 5, 2011, at 4:10 PM, Tim Daneliuk wrote: On 8/5/2011 2:05 PM, Irmen de Jong said this: On 05-08-11 19:53, Tim Daneliuk wrote: I have a task where I want to create pretty simple one page visual interfaces (Graphical or Text, but it needs to run across Windows, Cygwin, Linux,*BSD, OSX ...). These interfaces are nothing more than option checklists and text fields. Conceptually something like: Please Select Your Installation Options: Windows Compatibility Services _ Linux Compatibility Services_ TRS-DOS Compatibility Services _ What Is Your email Address: ___ What I'm looking for is a way to describe such forms in a text file that can then be fed into a tool to generate the necessary pyGUI, Tkinter, (or whatever) code. The idea is that it should be simple to generate a basic interface like this and have it only record the user's input. Thereafter, the python code would act on the basis of those selection without any further connection to the GUI. An added bonus would be a similar kind of thing for generating web interfaces to do this. This might actually be a better model because then I only have to worry about a single presentation environment. Ideas anyone? Hi Tim This looks pretty straightforward to me; maybe I'm missing something. It doesn't look trivial, but the steps seem pretty clear. Is there some part in particular that's giving you trouble? Cheers Philip I want to take a text definition file that looks something this: Title Please Select Your Installation Options: Checkbox Windows Compatibility Services Checkbox Linux Compatibility Services Checkbox TRS-DOS Compatibility Services Inputbox What Is Your email Address: And have that aut-generate the GUI interface described above for the selected GUI toolkit and/or an equivalent HTML page. I know I can write a program to do this, but it seems that someone else may have already solved this problem. Oh, I see. I didn't realize you were looking for a most canned solution. I agree that it's a problem that's been solved many times. I've used Mako before as an HTML templating engine, but ISTR that it points out that it's agnostic to what it's templating. In other words, it only cares about what's between the Mako escape tags, it doesn't care if the surrounding text is HTML or XML or Python or whatever. So you could have a Mako template that consists mostly of Python code that builds a wxPython window (if wxPython is your cup of tea) and then some Mako commands in the middle that reads your text definition file and adds checkboxes, textboxes, etc. as appropriate. It's not a canned solution, but it does allow you to separate the boilerplate stuff from the variants. Hope this helps Philip -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about encoding, I need a clue ...
2011/8/5 Geoff Wright geoffwright...@gmail.com:
Hi,
I use Mac OSX for development but deploy on a Linux server. (Platform
details provided below).
When the locale is set to FR_CA, I am not able to display a u circumflex
consistently across the two machines even though the default encoding is set
to ascii on both machines. ...
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Hi,
I believe, sys.getdefaultencoding() isn't relevant here;
you could try to determine the locale encoding via locale.getlocale()
- it should return a tuple with language code and the encoding name
http://docs.python.org/library/locale.html#locale.getlocale
I suppose, you get the respective encodings on both of your different systems.
I somehow can't find the Canadian locale on my OS (win XP, Czech), but
hopefully the results are equivalent with French, I checked: cf
Python 2.7.2 (default, Jun 12 2011, 15:08:59) [MSC v.1500 32 bit
(Intel)] on win32
Type copyright, credits or license() for more information.
import locale
import calendar
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL,'French')
'French_France.1252'
locale.getlocale()
('fr_FR', 'cp1252')
calendar.month_name[8]
'ao\xfbt'
print calendar.month_name[8]
aoűt
unicode(calendar.month_name[8], locale.getlocale()[1])
u'ao\xfbt'
print unicode(calendar.month_name[8], locale.getlocale()[1])
août
The above are the results in Idle and wx pyshell, i.e. unicode-enabled
shells; on non-unicode cmd shell in windows I get:
print calendar.month_name[8]
aout
and even:
print unicode(calendar.month_name[8], locale.getlocale()[1])
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in module
File C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp852.py, line 12, in encode
return codecs.charmap_encode(input,errors,encoding_map)
UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode character u'\xfb' in position 2
: character maps to undefined
hth,
vbr
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Re: Table Driven GUI Definition?
On 8/5/2011 5:51 PM, Philip Semanchuk wrote: On Aug 5, 2011, at 6:20 PM, Tim Daneliuk wrote: On 8/5/2011 3:42 PM, Philip Semanchuk wrote: On Aug 5, 2011, at 4:10 PM, Tim Daneliuk wrote: On 8/5/2011 2:05 PM, Irmen de Jong said this: On 05-08-11 19:53, Tim Daneliuk wrote: I have a task where I want to create pretty simple one page visual interfaces (Graphical or Text, but it needs to run across Windows, Cygwin, Linux,*BSD, OSX ...). These interfaces are nothing more than option checklists and text fields. Conceptually something like: Please Select Your Installation Options: Windows Compatibility Services _ Linux Compatibility Services_ TRS-DOS Compatibility Services _ What Is Your email Address: ___ What I'm looking for is a way to describe such forms in a text file that can then be fed into a tool to generate the necessary pyGUI, Tkinter, (or whatever) code. The idea is that it should be simple to generate a basic interface like this and have it only record the user's input. Thereafter, the python code would act on the basis of those selection without any further connection to the GUI. An added bonus would be a similar kind of thing for generating web interfaces to do this. This might actually be a better model because then I only have to worry about a single presentation environment. Ideas anyone? Hi Tim This looks pretty straightforward to me; maybe I'm missing something. It doesn't look trivial, but the steps seem pretty clear. Is there some part in particular that's giving you trouble? Cheers Philip I want to take a text definition file that looks something this: Title Please Select Your Installation Options: Checkbox Windows Compatibility Services Checkbox Linux Compatibility Services Checkbox TRS-DOS Compatibility Services Inputbox What Is Your email Address: And have that aut-generate the GUI interface described above for the selected GUI toolkit and/or an equivalent HTML page. I know I can write a program to do this, but it seems that someone else may have already solved this problem. Oh, I see. I didn't realize you were looking for a most canned solution. I agree that it's a problem that's been solved many times. I've used Mako before as an HTML templating engine, but ISTR that it points out that it's agnostic to what it's templating. In other words, it only cares about what's between the Mako escape tags, it doesn't care if the surrounding text is HTML or XML or Python or whatever. So you could have a Mako template that consists mostly of Python code that builds a wxPython window (if wxPython is your cup of tea) and then some Mako commands in the middle that reads your text definition file and adds checkboxes, textboxes, etc. as appropriate. It's not a canned solution, but it does allow you to separate the boilerplate stuff from the variants. Hope this helps Philip Something like this is more what I had in mind (but this seems to not be actively supported): http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/documentation.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Replace all references to one object with references to other
Jack Bates wrote: I have two objects, and I want to replace all references to the first object - everywhere - with references to the second object. What can I try? Another way of solving your *actual* problem. Replace all references to object1 with object2 instead is a means to an end, not the end itself. What are you trying to solve? Focus on *that* problem, not your supposed solution, because replace all... is doomed to fail. There is no master list of objects available to you. All you have is one or more namespaces containing objects. Many of those objects themselves will contain other objects, and so on. All you can do is walk through each namespace in turn, recursively into each object, searching for the object you want to replace. But that may not help you, because there's no guarantee that having found it you can replace it safely, *or at all*. While Python does allow code to reach deeply into the internals of a wide range of objects -- very little is truly private in Python -- do you *really* want to be taking responsibility for safely replacing objects from within arbitrary other objects? If so, Python gives you the tools to shoot yourself in the foot, although it won't necessarily be easy, or pretty, or fast. So, tell us what your real problem is, the end towards which you think replace all... is the solution, and we'll see if we can help. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inconsistent SMTP/Gmail connection drop
The best tool to debug this is tcpdump. Running a packet capture whilst sending the mail will most likely shed the most light on the subject. -- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Complex sort on big files
On Aug 1, 5:33 pm, aliman aliman...@googlemail.com wrote: I understand that sorts are stable, so I could just repeat the whole sort process once for each key in turn, but that would involve going to and from disk once for each step in the sort, and I'm wondering if there is a better way. I would consider using memory mapping the file and sorting it inline. Sorting a binary file of bytes with NumPy is as easy as this: import numpy as np f = np.memmap(filename, mode='rwb', dtype=np.uint8) f.sort(kind='quicksort') del f (You can define dtype for any C data type or struct.) If the file is really big, use 64-bit Python. With memory mapping you don't have to worry about processing the file in chunks, because the operating systems will take care of those details. I am not sure how to achieve this (inline file sort) with standard library mmap and timsort, so I'll leave that out. Sturla -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
Mel wrote: Steven D'Aprano wrote: There may be some other obscure built-in type that includes code objects, but I can't imagine what it would be. I feel confident in saying that functions, and functions alone, contain code. Even methods are just wrappers around functions. Even built-in functions like len don't contain code! (Or at least, their code isn't accessible from Python.) Which makes sense, if you think about it: their code is part of the Python virtual machine, not the object. Interesting question. Iterators seem to have code objects: [...] Generators. But nice catch, thank you! Iterators are *any* object which obeys the iterator protocol, that is, have a next() method and an __iter__() method which behave in the expected way. Iterators are a duck-type. Generators, whether created from a generator expression or a generator function, are an actual type. type(x for x in (1,2)) class 'generator' -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Observations on the three pillars of Python execution
Eric Snow wrote:
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 11:29 AM, Steven D'Aprano
steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote:
[...]
Do you believe that this process of generating a code object and throwing
it away is a part of the Python language specification, which any
compiler must do in order to call itself Python, or a mere
implementation detail?
That's a great point which I hadn't considered. Honestly, I only used
my experience with CPython in making these observations. After
reviewing the language reference I see that I missed out on a bunch of
nomenclature that would have made things more clear, and I got a few
points wrong, which you pointed out. :)
Regarding code objects and classes, your are right. The language
reference indicates the following:
The class’s suite is then executed in a new execution frame...When
the class’s suite finishes execution, its execution frame is discarded
but its local namespace is saved. [1]
It turns out that in CPython 2.5 at least, I'm strictly wrong and you got it
right, at least for classes:
code = compile(class K: pass, '', 'exec')
dis.dis(code)
1 0 LOAD_CONST 0 ('K')
3 LOAD_CONST 3 (())
6 LOAD_CONST 1 (code object K at 0xb7e8ad10,
file , line 1)
9 MAKE_FUNCTION0
12 CALL_FUNCTION0
15 BUILD_CLASS
16 STORE_NAME 0 (K)
19 LOAD_CONST 2 (None)
22 RETURN_VALUE
So a code object is compiled, turned into a function, executed, the results
turned into a class, and the code object and function thrown away.
Is this an implementation detail? I would say so. The semantics of Python
the language are different from the details of it's virtual machine. Surely
we would be allowed to call something Python if it executed the body of the
class statement *without* creating a code object first? The important part
is *execute the body of the class statement*, not building the code object.
The later is merely a means to an end.
So the use of code objects for execution is an implementation detail.
Instead of code object I should have referred to the code executed
in the execution frame or just to the frame.
Unless you really intend to talk about implementation details, I think you
should keep the discussion as high-level as possible. I'd talk about
executing blocks of code, and not even mention execution frames unless you
need to understand the role of frames during execution.
--
Steven
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Re: Complex sort on big files
Wow.
I was going to suggest using the unix command-line sort utility via
popen() or subprocess. My arguments were that it's written in C, has 30
years of optimizing in it, etc, etc, etc. It almost certainly has to be
faster than anything you could do in Python.
Then I tried the experiment. I generated a file of 1 million random
integers in the range 0 to 5000. I wrote a little sorting program:
numbers = [int(line) for line in open('numbers')]
numbers.sort()
for i in numbers:
print i
and ran it on my MacBook Pro (8 Gig, 2 x 2.4 GHz cores), Python 2.6.1.
$ time ./sort.py py-sort
real 0m2.706s
user 0m2.491s
sys 0m0.057s
and did the same with the unix utility:
$ time sort -n numbers cli-sort
real 0m5.123s
user 0m4.745s
sys 0m0.063s
Python took just about half the time. Certainly knocked my socks off.
Hard to believe, actually.
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Re: Complex sort on big files
Yup. Timsort is described as supernatural, and I'm inclined to believe it. On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 7:54 PM, Roy Smith r...@panix.com wrote: Wow. Python took just about half the time. Certainly knocked my socks off. Hard to believe, actually. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inconsistent SMTP/Gmail connection drop
Well, a sniffer is one of many, and one worth mentioning. Though I'd recommend wireshark over tcpdump, pretty much any day. http://stromberg.dnsalias.org/~dstromberg/Problem-solving-on-unix-linux-systems.html On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 6:29 PM, BJ Swope bigbluesw...@gmail.com wrote: The best tool to debug this is tcpdump. Running a packet capture whilst sending the mail will most likely shed the most light on the subject. -- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about encoding, I need a clue ...
Geoff Wright wrote:
Hi,
I use Mac OSX for development but deploy on a Linux server. (Platform
details provided below).
When the locale is set to FR_CA, I am not able to display a u circumflex
consistently across the two machines even though the default encoding is
set to ascii on both machines.
As somebody else already pointed out, û (u circumflex) is not an ASCII
character, so why would you expect to be able to use it with the ASCII
encoding?
Essential reading:
http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/Unicode.html
Drop everything and go read that!
Using Python 2.x, so-called strings are byte strings, which complicates
matters greatly. The month name you get:
'ao\xc3\xbbt'
is a string of five bytes with hex values:
x61 x6f xc3 xbb x74
Depending on how your terminal is set up, that MAY be interpreted as the
characters a o û t but you could end up with anything:
print s
ao羶t
(In theory, even the a, o and t could change, but I haven't found any
terminal settings *that* wacky.)
Specifically, calendar.month_name[8]
returns a ? (question mark) on the Linux server whereas it displays
properly on the Mac OSX system.
That could mean either:
(1) the terminal on the Linux server is set to a different default encoding
from that on the Mac; or
(2) the two terminals have the same encoding, but the font used on the Linux
server doesn't include the right glyph to display û.
Of the two, I expect (1) is more likely.
The solution is to avoid relying on lucky accidents of the terminal
encoding, and deal with this the right way. The right way is nearly always
to use UTF-8 everywhere you can, not Latin 1. Make sure your terminal is
set to use UTF-8 as well (I believe this is the default for Mac OS's
terminal app, but I have no idea about the many different Linux terminals).
Then:
bytes = 'ao\xc3\xbbt' # From calendar.month_name[8]
s = bytes.decode('utf-8') # Like unicode(bytes, 'utf-8')
s
u'ao\xfbt'
print s
août
Provided your Linux server terminal also is set to use UTF-8, this should
just work.
--
Steven
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Re: Complex sort on big files
Roy Smith wrote: Wow. I was going to suggest using the unix command-line sort utility via popen() or subprocess. My arguments were that it's written in C, has 30 years of optimizing in it, etc, etc, etc. It almost certainly has to be faster than anything you could do in Python. Then I tried the experiment. I generated a file of 1 million random integers in the range 0 to 5000. I wrote a little sorting program: [...] Python took just about half the time. Certainly knocked my socks off. Hard to believe, actually. One million integers isn't very big. If each integer can fit in four-byte long, that's less than 4MB. That's almost small enough to fit in your CPU's cache, with room left over for the first few chapters of War And Peace *wink* So you're comparing Python's timsort, which is Awesome with a capital AWE but only works on data that fits in memory, versus something which can also work on files too big to fit into memory. Try generating a twenty gigabyte file of data, and sort that. Actually, don't, because just *reading it in* to Python will probably fail, and very possibly lock your PC up for the duration. Unix sort does an external R-Way merge sort: if you have more data than memory, it slices the data up into a bunch of smaller pieces, each of which will fit in memory, sorts each one to a temporary file, then merges the lot. It does a lot more work on such big files, because it *takes* a lot more work. For something as small as one million numbers, chances are the Unix sort falls back on a heapsort or a quicksort, which will be pretty fast, but it ain't no timsort. So yes, Python's timsort is awesome, but so is Unix's sort, just in different ways. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: JSON Strict Mode
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 2:19 AM, Chris Rebert c...@rebertia.com wrote:
On Thu, Aug 4, 2011 at 8:25 PM, John Riselvato jdriselv...@gmail.com
wrote:
I am working on a license verification script. I am rather new to the
concept and to JSON files in general.
snip
This is what my pseudocode looks like:
licenses = meta['license']
for x in licenses:
if licenses[x]['terms'] is not valid opensource license
I would probably instead write that as:
for license_name, license in licenses.items():
if not is_open_source(license['terms']):
# rest same as before
if in strict mode
raise nonfree exception
How would i go about checking if its in strict mode
snip
and what does raise nonfree exception mean?
snip
In your specific example, the non-pseudo-code would look something like:
# a declaration somewhere:
class NonFreeLicenseError(ValueError):
License is not free according to the Open Source Definition.
# ... back in the part of your code corresponding to your pseudocode:
if strict:
raise NonFreeLicenseError(The '%s' license is nonfree and thus
impermissible. % x)
As written, I have NonFreeLicenseError as a kind of ValueError. This
may or may not be appropriate depending on your program; a list of
built-in types of exceptions can be found at
http://docs.python.org/dev/library/exceptions.html#bltin-exceptions
On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 3:44 PM, John Riselvato jdriselv...@gmail.com wrote:
Thanks for this mate.I took what you said and made this.
licenseCheck = Syn.policy.metafile.LICENSE_CLEAN
licenses = meta['license']
for i in licenses:
if licenses[i]['terms'] in licenseCheck == False:
More conventionally written:
if licenses[i]['terms'] not in licenseCheck:
For that matter, I would rename `licenseCheck` to something clearer
like `acceptableLicenses`.
try:
raise Exception(licenses[i]['terms'])
except Exception as inst:
errors = errors + 1
Syn.log.l(Syn.log.CRITICAL, Doesn't meet
License requirement!!!)
Syn.log.l(Syn.log.CRITICAL, License %s
is **NOT** marked as clean!! % license[i]['terms'])
It's pretty pointless to catch the exception right after you raise it
like this. Exceptions are intended to communicate the error to the
caller, which you're not doing here, so they may not be necessary.
Also, one typically raises a more specific exception than just
Exception, which is the most general and vague exception possible; see
my prior post for an example of using a custom exception class.
the licenseCheck main infromation you need to know is:
LICENSE_CLEAN = [
GPL,
GPL-1,
GPL-2,
GPL-3,
X11,
MIT,
PSFL-2
]
If you have a recent version of Python, I'd recommend using a set instead:
LICENSE_CLEAN = set([
GPL,
GPL-1,
# etc...
])
This is more conceptually accurate and should be faster too.
The JSON file information is set up practically like this:
license : {
* : {
terms : GPL-3,
author : Joe Shmo, et. al
}
}
Is what i programmed close to what I was trying to explain?
More or less. If * is the only entry in license, then the for-loop
is unnecessary and you can just use reference licenses['*']['terms']
(and similar) directly; one would need a specification of the your
data format (or at least more examples) to be sure. And your use of
exceptions doesn't really match the pseudocode, although your
underlying logic is entirely reasonable, even moreso if you were to
not use exceptions.
Cheers,
Chris
--
http://rebertia.com
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[issue12540] Restart Shell command leaves pythonw.exe processes running
Roundup Robot devn...@psf.upfronthosting.co.za added the comment: New changeset cc86f4ca5020 by Ned Deily in branch '3.2': Issue #12540: Prevent zombie IDLE processes on Windows due to changes http://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/cc86f4ca5020 New changeset c2fd1ce1c6d4 by Ned Deily in branch 'default': Issue #12540: Prevent zombie IDLE processes on Windows due to changes http://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/c2fd1ce1c6d4 -- nosy: +python-dev ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12540 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12540] Restart Shell command leaves pythonw.exe processes running
Ned Deily n...@acm.org added the comment: With Eli's concurrence, I have applied the updated patch to 3.2 (for 3.2.2) and to default (for 3.3). -- assignee: - ned.deily resolution: - fixed stage: commit review - committed/rejected status: open - closed ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12540 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12692] test_urllib2net is triggering a ResourceWarning
Nadeem Vawda nadeem.va...@gmail.com added the comment: Relevant: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2011-July/112551.html -- nosy: +nadeem.vawda ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12692 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12692] test_urllib2net is triggering a ResourceWarning
Changes by Nadeem Vawda nadeem.va...@gmail.com: -- versions: +Python 3.2 ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12692 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12694] crlf.py script from Tools doesn't work with Python 3.2
New submission from Alexander Belchenko bia...@ukr.net: Attempt to use crlf.py script from standard windows install always fail with traceback: C:\Python32\Tools\ScriptsC:\Python32\python.exe crlf.py 2to3.py Traceback (most recent call last): File crlf.py, line 23, in module main() File crlf.py, line 12, in main if '\0' in data: TypeError: Type str doesn't support the buffer API C:\Python32\Tools\ScriptsC:\Python32\python.exe -V Python 3.2 -- messages: 141650 nosy: bialix priority: normal severity: normal status: open title: crlf.py script from Tools doesn't work with Python 3.2 versions: Python 3.2 ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12694 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12326] Linux 3: code should avoid using sys.platform == 'linux2'
Changes by Martin von Gagern martin.vgag...@gmx.net: -- nosy: +gagern ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12326 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12326] Linux 3: code should avoid using sys.platform == 'linux2'
Sandro Tosi sandro.t...@gmail.com added the comment: On Mon, Jul 25, 2011 at 13:50, Éric Araujo rep...@bugs.python.org wrote: Éric Araujo mer...@netwok.org added the comment: FTR, for Debian and derivatives, doko chose to use 'linux2' when building on linux3. Luckily that has just been reverted. -- nosy: +sandro.tosi ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12326 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12680] cPickle.loads is not thread safe due to non-thread-safe imports
Antoine Pitrou pit...@free.fr added the comment: PyImport_ExecCodeModuleEx adds the module to sys.modules *before* actually executing the code. This is a design flaw (can it really be changed? ) I guess it is done so to allow for circular imports. The second bug: in cPickle.c: func_class() cPickle 'manually' checks if a module is in sys.modules instead of letting the import mechanism do it for him (hence breaking the import lock's defense here). I would guess it is an optimization shortcut. A solution (while keeping the optimization) would be to take the import lock before checking sys.modules. Note that the _pickle module in 3.x has the same kind of logic, and therefore probably the same issue too (haven't tested). -- nosy: +pitrou versions: +Python 3.2, Python 3.3 ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12680 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12695] subprocess.Popen: OSError: [Errno 9] Bad file descriptor
New submission from Martin von Gagern martin.vgag...@gmx.net: suprocess.Popen on POSIX (using _posixsubprocess Module) has a good chance of repeatedly closing the same file descriptor if the descriptor for stdin is also used for stdout and/or stderr. Only stdout and stderr are checked for equality with one another. This breaks webbrowser.open for me, as the browser remote has all three descriptors redirected from/to /dev/null. This breaks pydoc -p. I've taken this scenario and turned it into a unit test, which you find attached together with a proposed fix. On my currently installed Python 3.2, the unit tests results in this traceback (and two more like it for other test classes): ERROR: test_inouterr_fileobj (__main__.ProcessTestCase) -- Traceback (most recent call last): File Lib/test/test_subprocess.py, line 630, in test_inouterr_fileobj stderr = devnull) File /usr/lib64/python3.2/subprocess.py, line 736, in __init__ restore_signals, start_new_session) File /usr/lib64/python3.2/subprocess.py, line 1330, in _execute_child raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg) OSError: [Errno 9] Bad file descriptor -- components: Library (Lib) files: subprocess.patch keywords: patch messages: 141653 nosy: gagern priority: normal severity: normal status: open title: subprocess.Popen: OSError: [Errno 9] Bad file descriptor type: behavior versions: Python 3.2 Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file22836/subprocess.patch ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12695 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12695] subprocess.Popen: OSError: [Errno 9] Bad file descriptor
Martin von Gagern martin.vgag...@gmx.net added the comment: Sorry, this is a duplicate of issue #11432. Failed to find that, and also failed to realize that python is now using hg and my svn checkout might be outdated. Sorry there. -- resolution: - duplicate status: open - closed ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12695 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12693] test.support.transient_internet prints to stderr when verbose is false
R. David Murray rdmur...@bitdance.com added the comment: I'm pretty sure this was intentional. It is analogous to Skip messages and the messages issued when a resource hasn't been enabled, which also print when verbose is not true: the test wasn't run, and it lets you know why. -- nosy: +r.david.murray ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12693 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12032] Tools/Scripts/crlf.py needs updating for python 3+
Changes by R. David Murray rdmur...@bitdance.com: -- title: Tools/Scripts/crlv.py needs updating for python 3+ - Tools/Scripts/crlf.py needs updating for python 3+ type: crash - behavior ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12032 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12694] crlf.py script from Tools doesn't work with Python 3.2
Changes by R. David Murray rdmur...@bitdance.com: -- resolution: - duplicate stage: - committed/rejected superseder: - Tools/Scripts/crlf.py needs updating for python 3+ ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12694 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12540] Restart Shell command leaves pythonw.exe processes running
Eli Bendersky eli...@gmail.com added the comment: On Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 09:43, Ned Deily rep...@bugs.python.org wrote: Ned Deily n...@acm.org added the comment: With Eli's concurrence, I have applied the updated patch to 3.2 (for 3.2.2) and to default (for 3.3). -- Tested this on Windows XP with Python 3.2 installed into Program Files. Works fine (including shell restart). It would be great to get more people to test it though, especially people who ran into the problem originally - Peter? Terry? Anish? Qiang Sun? -- Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file22837/unnamed ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12540 ___div dir=ltrdiv class=gmail_quoteOn Fri, Aug 5, 2011 at 09:43, Ned Deily span dir=ltrlt;a href=mailto:rep...@bugs.python.org;rep...@bugs.python.org/agt;/span wrote:brblockquote class=gmail_quote style=margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex; div class=imbr Ned Deily lt;a href=mailto:n...@acm.org;n...@acm.org/agt; added the comment:br br /divWith Eli#39;s concurrence, I have applied the updated patch to 3.2 (for 3.2.2) and to default (for 3.3).br br --br/blockquote/divbrTested this on Windows XP with Python 3.2 installed into quot;Program Filesquot;. Works fine (including shell restart).brbrIt would be great to get more people to test it though, especially people who ran into the problem originally - Peter? Terry? Anish? Qiang Sun?br brbrbr/div ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue10570] curses.tigetstr() returns bytes, but curses.tparm() expects a string
Tobias Klausmann klaus...@gentoo.org added the comment: This bug is still not fixed and basically makes the curses module unusable except for very narrow use cases. Unfortunately, my C-fu is very weak, otherwise I'd try to make a patch. -- nosy: +klausman ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue10570 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12696] pydoc error page due to lacking permissions on ./*
New submission from Martin von Gagern martin.vgag...@gmx.net: I'd like to be able to run pydoc -b in whatever directory I'm currently in. Most of the time that would be the root of my home directory, which is an ext4fs mount. So it has a subdirectory called lost+found for which I don't have any access permissions. As a result, the main pydoc info page will simply print an error message: OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: './lost+found' I'm not sure how best to address this. There are several possibilities that come to my mind: 1. Provide a command line switch to strip '.' from sys.path. 2. Skip any sys.path elements which cause exceptions, possibly printing a warning in addition to the remaining page content. 3. Skip any single subdirectry which causes an exception, as this more closely models what importing by name would do. 4. Explicitely skip lost+found, or perhaps any directory name which would be invalid as a module name. Obviously, the workaround is to change to a sufficiently empty directory before starting pydoc. So this is a minor issue, but annoying nevertheless. -- components: Library (Lib) messages: 141658 nosy: gagern priority: normal severity: normal status: open title: pydoc error page due to lacking permissions on ./* type: feature request versions: Python 3.2 ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12696 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12326] Linux 3: code should avoid using sys.platform == 'linux2'
James Y Knight f...@users.sourceforge.net added the comment: Oh wow, so it depends on the *build* time major version? That's really not useful at all for linux 2.x and 3.x; there is nothing useful anyone can possibly do with the distinction between platform == linux2 and platform == linux3. All it could possibly do is to break apps. Given that: a) old versions of Python won't even build without a patch and b) changing platform to linux3 will break a lot of python apps that check sys.platform. c) It's completely useless to change it, as the change contains no actual information. Why is forcing sys.platform to remain linux2 not the *obviously right thing to do*? -- nosy: +foom ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12326 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue9338] argparse optionals with nargs='+' can't be followed by positionals
Éric Araujo mer...@netwok.org added the comment: There is. Someone wanting to help could reply to the question I asked :) -- type: feature request - behavior versions: +Python 3.3 ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue9338 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12641] Remove -mno-cygwin from distutils
Éric Araujo mer...@netwok.org added the comment: The necessity of walking on eggs with the distutils codebase restrains me. I’ve read the thread on sourceforge (thanks Ruben) but don’t have enough information yet to decide whether to do a version check, call gcc -dumpspecs or remove the option altogether. BTW, there’s no need to use re.search if you’re not using a regular expression: “'no-cygwin' in output” will work. -- ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12641 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12641] Remove -mno-cygwin from distutils
Jon jon.for...@gmail.com added the comment: shortly after opening this issue i removed -mno-cygwin from my 2.7.2 install and have had no issues on win7 32bit. but i understand you're hesitation. regardless what you decide, please consider placing a summary note in the source comments as a safety net. if you'd like me to try building a limited set of extensions to help with your decision, let me know. i have the following mingw toolchains on my win7 32bit system: * tdm gcc 4.5.2 - http://tdm-gcc.tdragon.net/ * mingw-w64 prefix-stripped gcc 4.5.4 - http://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/files/Toolchains%20targetting%20Win32/Automated%20Builds/ * Ruben's gcc 4.6.2 personal build - http://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/files/Toolchains%20targetting%20Win32/Personal%20Builds/rubenvb/4.6.2-1/ i'm not speaking for Ruben, but as he maintains https://github.com/rubenvb/MinGW-w64-build-scripts you might try cajoling him if you feel you need more test results ;) re: re.search, understood, thanks...quick-testing. -- ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12641 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12697] timeiot documention still refers to the timeit.py script
New submission from Alexis Metaireau ale...@notmyidea.org: The example section of the timeit documentation still refers to timeit.py, and isn't using the python -m timeit syntax used above. http://docs.python.org/library/timeit.html#examples I'm not sure when and if the timeit.py script has been removed from the python installation (and I'm not sure on where to look for this). The timeit.py docstring also refers to this old syntax. Should we update it? All credit for this report goes to Boris Feld. -- assignee: alexis components: Library (Lib) messages: 141663 nosy: alexis priority: low severity: normal status: open title: timeiot documention still refers to the timeit.py script versions: Python 2.6, Python 2.7, Python 3.1, Python 3.2, Python 3.3, Python 3.4 ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12697 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12697] timeiot documention still refers to the timeit.py script
Changes by Alexis Metaireau ale...@notmyidea.org: -- nosy: +Boris.FELD ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12697 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12698] urllib does not use no_proxy when it has blanks
New submission from jimmi ch...@computersalat.de: if you define your no_proxy var as mentioned in /etc/sysocnfig/proxy # Example: NO_PROXY=www.me.de, do.main, localhost then python's urllib will never make use of it, cause there are blanks. urllib does not remove blanks. Reproducible: Always Steps to Reproduce: 1.try it out Actual Results: proxy will not be bypassed Expected Results: proxy should be bypassed you can also review this bug: https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=710736 -- components: Library (Lib) files: python-2.7-urllib-no_proxy.patch keywords: patch messages: 141664 nosy: jimmi.pip.verisignlabs.com. priority: normal severity: normal status: open title: urllib does not use no_proxy when it has blanks versions: Python 2.7 Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file22838/python-2.7-urllib-no_proxy.patch ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12698 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12697] timeit documention still refers to the timeit.py script
Changes by Alexis Metaireau ale...@notmyidea.org: -- title: timeiot documention still refers to the timeit.py script - timeit documention still refers to the timeit.py script ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12697 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12191] Add shutil.chown to allow to use user and group name (and not only uid/gid)
Éric Araujo mer...@netwok.org added the comment: You should replace the v5 file (or even remove all files, for clarity) with the actual output of hg diff, not hg status ;-) -- ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12191 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12662] Add support for duplicate options in configparser
Éric Araujo mer...@netwok.org added the comment: Thanks for the report. Could you tell us more about the use cases? Are you aware of some config files using this form? -- nosy: +eric.araujo title: Allow configparser to process suplicate options - Add support for duplicate options in configparser ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12662 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12661] Add a new shutil.cleartree function to shutil module
Éric Araujo mer...@netwok.org added the comment: It looks like this new function would just replace a loop using os.walk and fnmatch. Is it really needed? -- nosy: +eric.araujo ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12661 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12666] map semantic change not documented in What's New
Éric Araujo mer...@netwok.org added the comment: (HTTPS repos are not supported) -- hgrepos: +51 nosy: +eric.araujo ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12666 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12666] map semantic change not documented in What's New
Éric Araujo mer...@netwok.org added the comment: Can you provide a public URI? -- ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12666 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12666] map semantic change not documented in What's New
Changes by Jason R. Coombs jar...@jaraco.com: -- keywords: +patch Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file22839/bc362109eed8.diff ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12666 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
