Re: Getting not derived members of a class
On 'y', Python has no way of recording where '_a' and '_b' were set, so
you can't tell whether it comes from class 'a' or 'b'.
You can find the attributes that are defined on 'b' only, though, by
using 'b.__dict__.keys()', or 'y.__class__.__dict__.__keys__()'. This
gives
['__module__', 'who1', '__init__', '__doc__']
If you want to limit yourself to current versions of cpython (because the
bytecode used in cpython is only an implementation detail) and define a 'member
of class a' as one where a.__init__ has a statement like 'self.z = ...', you
can peer into the bytecodes. Something like this:
from dis import HAVE_ARGUMENT, opname
LOAD_FAST = chr(opname.index('LOAD_FAST'))
STORE_ATTR = chr(opname.index('STORE_ATTR'))
HAVE_ARGUMENT = chr(HAVE_ARGUMENT)
def find(cls):
ns = cls.__dict__
result = ns.keys()
init = ns.get('__init__', None)
if not init: return ns
f = ns['__init__'].func_code.co_code
n = ns['__init__'].func_code.co_names
i = 0
while i len(f) - 6:
if (f[i] == LOAD_FAST and f[i+1] == f[i+2] == '\0'
and f[i+3] == STORE_ATTR):
j = ord(f[i+4]) + 256 * ord(f[i+5])
result.append(n[j])
i += 6
elif f[i] HAVE_ARGUMENT:
i += 3
else:
i += 1
return result
import franz
franz.find(y.__class__)
['__module__', 'who1', '__init__', '__doc__', '_b']
Jeff
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Re: Newb: Telnet 'cooked data','EOF' queries.
On Sun, Jul 31, 2005 at 01:30:43PM +0100, glen wrote: Could someone explain what cooked data is. The telnet protocol contains special sequences which are interpreted by the telnet client or server program. These are discussed in the telnet RFC, which is RFC854 according to the telnetlib docstring. Cooked data is data after these special sequences are removed. Also when trying read_all() the program seems to lock up, which I assume is because it is waiting for an EOF, but 'when' is an EOF received. As far as I know, the only EOF in telnet is when the other side closes the socket. Jeff pgpnCbDvhyN27.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A replacement for lambda
On Fri, Jul 29, 2005 at 10:14:12PM -0700, Tim Roberts wrote: C++ solves this exact problem quite reasonably by having a greedy tokenizer. Thus, that would always be a left shift operator. To make it less than and a function, insert a space: x**2 with(x) x**3 with(x) Incidentally, I read in an article by Bjarne Stroustrup[1] that C++0x will parse vectorvectordouble v; just like today's compilers parse vectorvectordouble v; Another of the changes he discusses, letting 'auto i = ...' create i with the type of the expression '...', will certainly be an improvement. Even better if the keyword 'auto' could be made optional! (Of course, this is another break with C, where the declaration auto i; makes 'i' an int) And what's this got to do with Python? I dunno. Sorry. Jeff [1] http://www.informit.com/content/images/art_stroustrup_2005/elementLinks/rules.pdf pgpmO2bTojrLg.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: codecs.getencoder encodes entire string ?
On Thu, Jul 28, 2005 at 08:42:57AM -0700, nicolas_riesch wrote: And a last question: can I call this enc function from multiple threads ? Yes. Jeff pgphSka1eU9PQ.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: poplib.POP3.list() returns extra value?
With a judicious bit of UTSL, that count seems to be the total number of octets in the reply. This information comes from any user of _getlongresp(), which actually returns a tuple (resp, list, octets). These methods would be: list retr top uidl I'd consider it a doc bug too. If you feel comfortable doing it, dive in and improve the documentation of poplib. Submitting a patch to the patch tracker on sf.net/projects/python is probably the best way to do this, if you have the necessary knowledge of cvs to produce a patch. Jeff pgpR6zOckMUPS.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Stripping C-style comments using a Python regexp
#
import re, sys
def q(c):
Returns a regular expression that matches a region delimited by c,
inside which c may be escaped with a backslash
return r%s(\\.|[^%s])*%s % (c, c, c)
single_quoted_string = q('')
double_quoted_string = q(')
c_comment = r/\*.*?\*/
cxx_comment = r//[^\n]*[\n]
rx = re.compile(|.join([single_quoted_string, double_quoted_string,
c_comment, cxx_comment]), re.DOTALL)
def replace(x):
x = x.group(0)
if x.startswith(/): return ' '
return x
result = rx.sub(replace, sys.stdin.read())
sys.stdout.write(result)
#
The regular expression matches -strings, ''-character-constants,
c-comments, and c++-comments. The replace function returns ' ' (space)
when the matched thing was a comment, or the original thing otherwise.
Depending on your use for this code, replace() should return as many
'\n's as are in the matched thing, or ' ' otherwise, so that line
numbers remain unchanged.
Basically, the regular expression is a tokenizer, and replace() chooses
what to do with each recognized token. Things not recognized as tokens
by the regular expression are left unchanged.
Jeff
PS this is the test file I used:
/* ... */ xyzzy;
456 // 123
const char *mystr = This is /*trouble*/;
/* * */
/* /* */
// /* /* */
/* // /* */
/*
* */
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Re: Tkinter - Resizing a canvas with a window
You should just use 'pack' properly. Namely, the fill= and expand= parameters. In this case, you want to pack(fill=BOTH, expand=YES). For the button, you may want to use pack(anchor=E) or anchor=W to make it stick to one side of the window. The additional parameters for the button (both creation and packing) give a geometry that is closer to the standard buttons in Windows 95 / Windows 2000. Use those or not, as you see fit. Here's the new program: from Tkinter import * class testApp2: def __init__( self, master ): self.ma = master self.f = Frame( self.ma ) self.f.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=YES) self.cv = Canvas(self.f, width=25, height=25, bg='red') self.cv.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=YES) self.b1 = Button( self.f, text='Hello', height=1, width=10, padx=0, pady=1) self.b1.pack(side=BOTTOM, anchor=E, padx=4, pady=4) root = Tk() app = testApp2(root) root.mainloop() Jeff PS thanks for including a full, runnable program in your post! pgpqy4uUUgiLH.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to realize ssh scp in Python
Rather than doing anything with passwords, you should instead use public key authentication. This involves creating a keypair with ssh_keygen, putting the private key on the machine opening the ssh connection (~/.ssh/id_rsa), then listing the public key in the remote system's ~/.ssh/authorized_keys. If you don't want to use this approach, `pexpect'[1] is supposed to be able to perform this sort of tasks, and one of its examples is called `sshls.py'. I just downloaded it, and after changing the ssh commandline to include -o 'PreferredAuthentications password' it worked for me. In another recent thread, a different poster claimed it didn't work, so your results may vary. Jeff [1] http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/ pgprScaQubqXA.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: time.time() under load between two machines
What makes you believe that the two machines' clocks are perfectly synchronized? If they're not, it easily explains the result. I wrote a simple client/server program similar to what you described. Running on two RedHat 9 machines on a local network, I generally observed a time delta of 2ms (compared to typical 0.17ms latency reported by ping), never in a negative direction. These machines times are synchronized by ntpd from the package ntp-4.1.2-0.rc1.2. My program can be run like this: rsh otherhost python timely.py -s | python timely.py -r the values printed are the difference between the remote time before the message is sent and the local time after the message is received. You mention using Windows. I don't know whether Windows machines by default use anything as sophisticated as ntpd to keep their clocks accurate. Whatever is going on in your case, I suspect it is the operating system, not Python. Jeff import os, sys, time def serve(): while 1: data = struct.pack(!d, time.time()) os.write(1, data) time.sleep(1) def recv(fileno): while 1: data = struct.unpack(!d, os.read(fileno, 8))[0] now = time.time() print now - data if sys.argv[1] == -s: serve() else: recv(0) pgprDCiGXFdi3.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Mapping a drive to a network path
import os os.system(rnet use z: \\computer\folder) Something in the win32net module of win32all may be relevant if you don't want to do it through os.system: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/docs/ActivePython/2.4/pywin32/win32net__NetUseAdd_meth.html Jeff pgp7mEoPdAfNP.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Mapping a drive to a network path
in fact, see this thread, it may have something useful for you: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-win32/2003-April/000959.html Jeff pgprYPOH3yOyI.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting TypeError in Changing file permissions
If you are using Unix, and all you have is the file object, you can use os.fchmod(outfile.fileno(), 0700) Jeff pgp8U05e26RUt.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about namespaces and import. How to avoid calling os.system
In main.py, execfile(gen.py) or In gen.py, have something like from __main__ import env_params or In main.py, have something like import __builtins__; __builtins__.env_params = env_params or call a function in the gen.py with env_params as a parameter import gen gen.do(env_params) Jeff pgpUfjHyNbbRr.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Filling up commands.getstatusoutput's buffer
On Wed, Jul 20, 2005 at 03:10:49PM -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hey, Has anyone ever had commands.getstatusoutput's buffer fill up when executing a verbose command? [...] How much output are you talking about? I tried outputs as large as about 260 megabytes without any problem. (RedHat 9, Python 2.2) len(commands.getoutput(dd if=/dev/zero bs=512 count=512000 2/dev/null)) 262144000 512 * 512000 262144000 Jeff pgpwMseDka1nF.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: stdin/stdout fileno() always returning -1 from windows service
On Sun, Jul 17, 2005 at 06:43:00PM -0700, chuck wrote: I have found that sys.stdin.fileno() and sys.stdout.fileno() always return -1 when executed from within a win32 service written using the win32 extensions for Python. Anyone have experience with this or know why? because there *is* no standard I/O for a windows service. You should be able to execute code like import sys sys.stdout = sys.stderr = open(some.log, w) if you have code that expects the standard output files to be available. You could also open sys.stdin in a similar way. Jeff pgpMaSZazXzRr.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: stdin/stdout fileno() always returning -1 from windows service
It seems to simply be common wisdom. e.g., http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-win32/2004-September/002332.html http://mail.mems-exchange.org/pipermail/quixote-users/2004-March/002743.html http://twistedmatrix.com/pipermail/twisted-python/2001-December/000644.html etc If you can find chapter and verse on MSDN, more power to you. This page implies that the standard handles are only available when there is a console for the application. http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dllproc/base/getstdhandle.asp Jeff pgpD1VX32k6bY.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Image orientation and color information with PIL?
i = Image.open(blue.jpg) i.size (3008, 2000) i.mode 'RGB' 'RGB' is the value for color jpeg images. I believe that for blackwhite images, i.mode is 'L' (luminosity). If you want to determine whether an existing image is landscape or portrait, then just compare i.size[0] (width) and i.size[1] (height). If by determine if an image is horizontal/vertical, you want to find the orientation data recorded by some digital cameras, you can do that with PIL 1.1.4. According to the release notes for 1.1.4, + Added experimental EXIF support for JPEG files. To extract EXIF information from a JPEG file, open the file as usual, and call the _getexif method. If successful, this method returns a dictionary mapping EXIF TIFF tags to values. If the file does not contain EXIF data, the _getexif method returns None. The ExifTags module contains a dictionary mapping tags to tag names. This interface will most likely change in future versions. The exif tag 274 is Orientation. The values you'll see most often are 1 (Normal), 6 and 8 (90 and 270 degree rotations). Orientation can also encode 180 degree rotation, as well as any of the four rotations combined with a mirror operation. [k for (k,v) in ExifTags.TAGS.items() if v == 'Orientation'] [274] e = i._getexif() if e: print e[274] 1 I have written a standalone Python module that reads and changes the EXIF orientation data. You can view it here: http://unpy.net/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/aethertool/disorient.py?rev=1.2content-type=text/vnd.viewcvs-markup It is available under the terms of the GNU GPL. Here's another page about EXIF orientation data: http://sylvana.net/jpegcrop/exif_orientation.html Jeff pgpbJ5BO1Z3ui.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Image orientation and color information with PIL?
On Mon, Jul 18, 2005 at 10:55:42AM -0600, Ivan Van Laningham wrote: How are you going to determine the orientation of an image without sophisticated image analysis? There is research on automatic image orientation detection. [...] If you write it I'll use it;-) There's research going on in this area. Here are a few papers: http://www.dcs.shef.ac.uk/teaching/eproj/msc2004/abs/m3zs2.htm http://research.microsoft.com/research/pubs/view.aspx?pubid=918 there are probably many others. I considered implementing one of these algorithms back in 2003 or so, but instead I bought a digital camera with an orientation sensor. Jeff pgpJZsejWH68l.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Browser plug-in for Python?
Back in the day there was 'grail', which was a browser in its own right. There may also have been a plug-in for other browsers, but I don't know any real details about them. Python itself has deprecated the 'restricted execution' environment it had in previous versions, because ways to break out of the jail existed or were thought to exist, and nobody stepped forward and offered to spend the requisite time to create and validate (even in a hand-wavy kind of way) a new security model. If you want to write programs in Python and run them in today's browsers, the shortest path from here to there is jython. Several applet demos are available at http://www.jython.org/applets/index.html I have used Jython a little bit, but never seriously and not in the past few years. Jython implements an older version of the Python language, corresponding to cPython 2.1 if I remember correctly. Jeff pgpp6YhsWNcK0.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: cursor positioning
Here's a simple module for doing progress reporting. On systems without curses, it simply uses \r to return the cursor to the first column. On systems with curses, it also clears to the end of the line. This means that when the progress message gets shorter, there aren't droppings left from the longer ones. You have to take care that the progress message isn't wider than the screen, but I don't know a nice way to *find* the width of the screen that will work on windows and unix. Hardcoding 80 ain't it either. import sys def progress(s): sys.stderr.write(s + CLEAR_EOL + \r); sys.stderr.flush() try: import curses except ImportError: CLEAR_EOL = '' else: curses.setupterm() CLEAR_EOL = curses.tigetstr(el) or '' def test(): import time for j in range(2): for i in range(100): progress(Doing item %d, %d%% % (i * 100, i)) time.sleep(.01) if __name__ == '__main__': test() pgpzfL5bt0IvZ.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Parsing Data, Storing into an array, Infinite Backslashes
Your code is needlessly complicated.
Instead of this business
while 1:
try:
i = fetch.next()
except stopIteration:
break
simply write:
for i in fetch:
(if there's an explicit 'fetch = iter(somethingelse)' in code you did
not show, then get rid of that and just loop 'for i in somethingelse')
i[1] will never compare equal to count, because i[1] is always a string
and count is always an integer. Integers and strings are never equal to
each other.
Wring code like
x = a string + 3
does not work in Python. You can either convert to a string and then
use the + operator to concatenate:
x = a string + str(3)
or you can use %-formatting:
x = a string %s % 3
(%s accepts any sort of object, not just strings)
Using repr(...) (`...` is just a shorthand for this) is what is really
introducing the backslashes. When it outputs a string, it quotes the
string using backslashes. But you pass the old part of the prepared
string through it each time, which leads to doubling backslashes.
Below is a program I wrote to process the data in your message. It prints
out
Memory 2 Summary=0, Speed=PC3200U-30330, Type=DDR SDRAM, Size=512,
Slot=DIMM2/J13, ConfigurationType=2
Memory 3 Summary=0, Speed=PC3200U-30330, Type=DDR SDRAM, Size=512,
Slot=DIMM3/J14, ConfigurationType=2
Memory 0 Summary=0, Speed=PC3200U-30330, Type=DDR SDRAM, Size=512,
Slot=DIMM0/J11, ConfigurationType=2
Memory 1 Summary=0, Speed=PC3200U-30330, Type=DDR SDRAM, Size=512,
Slot=DIMM1/J12, ConfigurationType=2
the result is out of order because the result of calling .items() on a
dict is in an arbitrary order.
Jeff
s = [['Memory', '0', 'Summary', '0'], ['Memory', '0', 'Speed',
'PC3200U-30330'], ['Memory', '0', 'Type', 'DDR SDRAM'], ['Memory', '0',
'Size', '512'], ['Memory', '0', 'Slot', 'DIMM0/J11'], ['Memory', '0',
'ConfigurationType', '2'], ['Memory', '1', 'Summary', '0'], ['Memory',
'1', 'Speed', 'PC3200U-30330'], ['Memory', '1', 'Type', 'DDR SDRAM'],
['Memory', '1', 'Size', '512'], ['Memory', '1', 'Slot', 'DIMM1/J12'],
['Memory', '1', 'ConfigurationType', '2'], ['Memory', '2', 'Summary',
'0'], ['Memory', '2', 'Speed', 'PC3200U-30330'], ['Memory', '2',
'Type', 'DDR SDRAM'], ['Memory', '2', 'Size', '512'], ['Memory', '2',
'Slot', 'DIMM2/J13'], ['Memory', '2', 'ConfigurationType', '2'],
['Memory', '3', 'Summary', '0'], ['Memory', '3', 'Speed',
'PC3200U-30330'], ['Memory', '3', 'Type', 'DDR SDRAM'], ['Memory', '3',
'Size', '512'], ['Memory', '3', 'Slot', 'DIMM3/J14'], ['Memory', '3',
'ConfigurationType', '2']]
query = {}
for a, b, c, d in s:
if not query.has_key((a,b)): query[(a,b)] = []
query[(a,b)].append(%s=%s % (c, d))
for (a,b), v in query.items():
print a, b, , .join(v)
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Re: About undisclosed recipient
You provided far too little information for us to be able to help. If you are using smtplib, it doesn't even look at message's headers to find the recipient list; you must use the rcpt() method to specify each one. If you are using the sendmail method, the to_addrs list has no relationship to the headers of the actual message---it simply calls rcpt() once for each address in to_addrs. The example in the docstring doesn't even *have* a To: header in the message! Jeff pgpHNq6sWEuR7.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Query
python-xlib includes an implementation of the xtest extension, which is enabled on most users' X servers, and can be used to send arbitrary keyboard or mouse events. jeff pgpo7pqhBafPe.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: math.nroot [was Re: A brief question.]
On Tue, Jul 05, 2005 at 09:49:33PM +0100, Tom Anderson wrote: Are there any uses for NaN that aren't met by exceptions? Sure. If you can naturally calculate two things at once, but one might turn out to be a NaN under current rules. x, y = calculate_two_things() if isnan(x): perform_next_step_with_only_y(y) else: perform_next_step_with_both(x, y) Under your scheme, you'd have to write try: x, y = calculate_two_things() except NaNException: y = calculate_one_thing() perform_next_step_with_only_y(y) else: perform_next_step_with_both(x, y) and at the very least duplicate the code for calculating 'y', possibly re-doing a lot of work at runtime too. Jeff pgpVUpJh4xufX.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Strange os.path.exists() behaviour
Pierre wrote:
Python 2.4 (#60, Nov 30 2004, 11:49:19) [MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
^^^
Here's the bug. You're using Windows. It's a filesystem, but not as we know
it...
Anyway, You are getting exactly what the low-level Windows APIs return.
Here's a small C program. It prints 0 next to the filename if the
file exists, -1 otherwise, as described at
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt__access.2c_._waccess.asp
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
int i;
for(i=1; iargc; i++) {
printf(%20s: %d\n, argv[i], _access(argv[i], 0));
}
}
I compiled it with i386-mingw32msvc-gcc -o a.exe exist.c
Here's an example session with it:
C:\TMP\exampledir
Volume in drive C has no label.
Volume Serial Number is 171D-4D2A
Directory of C:\TMP\example
07/06/05 03:04pDIR .
07/06/05 03:04pDIR ..
07/06/05 03:05p 3 exist
3 File(s) 3 bytes
C:\TMP\examplex:a.exe exist exist. exist nonexist nonexist. nonexist...
exist: 0
exist.: 0
exist: 0
nonexist: -1
nonexist.: -1
nonexist...: -1
C:\TMP\exampletype nonexist
The system cannot find the file specified.
C:\TMP\exampletype exist
C:\TMP\example
As you can see, not only does Windows think that exist exists, but it can
successfully type its contents too!
Jeff
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Re: Tkinter + Tcl help
I think you need to write
root.tk.eval('load', '...\\libtcldot.so.0')
When you write
root.tk.eval(x y z)
it's like doing this at the wish/tclsh prompt:
# {x y z}
Not like this:
# x y z
Now, how useful it is to have a command called x y z, I can't
guess... but tcl would let you do it.
I've also doubled the backslash in your library filename. When using
windows-style paths in string literals, you must either double the
backslashes, or use r'' strings. When you don't, it will often work,
but if the character after the un-doubled backslash is one with special
meaning (including the commonly-seen \r and \t, but also other letters)
then you'll get a pathname and an error that leave you scratching your
head.
Jeff
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Re: resume upload
probably by using REST. This stupid program puts a 200 line file by
sending 100 lines, then using REST to set a resume position and sending
the next 100 lines.
import getpass, StringIO, ftplib
lines = [Line %d\n % i for i in range(200)]
part1 = .join(lines[:100])
part2 = .join(lines[:100])
f = ftplib.FTP('server', 'username', 'password')
f.debugging = True
f.sendcmd('CWD /tmp')
f.storbinary(STOR example, StringIO.StringIO(part1))
f.putcmd('REST %d' % len(part1))
resp = f.getresp();
if resp[0] != '3': raise ftplib.error_reply, resp
f.storbinary(STOR example, StringIO.StringIO(part2))
f.quit()
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Re: Trapping user logins in python ( post #1)
I don't know of a portable way for an inetd-style daemon to listen for user logins. On some systems (including RedHat/Fedora and debian), you may be able to use PAM to do this. (pam modules don't just perform authentication, they can take other actions. As an example, pam_lastlog prints the last login on successful login. I'm not sure what priviledge a pam module has when it executes. A more standard way to do this would be to place lines in /etc/profile /etc/csh.login and so forth for any other shells used on your system. RedHat-style systems have an /etc/profile.d where you can drop a file that will be executed at login, too. This will, of course, be executed with the user's privilege level. Another problem with this approach is that /etc/profile is executed for a login shell, but a graphical login is not a login shell. Jeff pgpaiKK6vpl7N.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: importing pyc from memory?
This stupid code works for modules, but not for packages. It probably has bugs.
import marshal, types
class StringImporter:
def __init__(self, old_import, modules):
self._import = old_import
self._modules = modules
def __call__(self, name, *args):
module = self._modules.get(name, None)
if module is None:
return self._import(name, *args)
code = marshal.loads(module)
mod = types.ModuleType(name)
exec code in mod.__dict__
return mod
def test():
import __builtin__
__builtin__.__import__ = StringImporter(__builtin__.__import__,
{ 'test_importer': open(/usr/lib/python2.3/os.pyc).read()[8:] })
import test_importer
print test_importer.path.join(a, b)
print test_importer.__doc__
if __name__ == '__main__': test()
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Re: It seems that ZipFile().write() can only write files, how can empty directories be put into it?
This has been discussed before. One thread I found was http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-June/170526.html The advice in that message might work for you. Jeff pgpPSqdIxsPgx.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Dictionary to tuple
It looks like you want tuple(d.iteritems())
d = {1: 'one', 2: 'two', 3: 'three'}
tuple(d.iteritems())
((1, 'one'), (2, 'two'), (3, 'three'))
You could also use tuple(d.items()). The result is essentially the
same. Only if the dictionary is extremely large does the difference
matter. (or if you're using an older version of Python without the
iteritems method)
Jeff
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Re: Beginner question: Converting Single-Element tuples to list
On Mon, Jun 27, 2005 at 08:21:41AM -0600, John Roth wrote: Unfortunately, I've seen that behavior a number of times: no output is None, one output is the object, more than one is a list of objects. That forces you to have checks for None and list types all over the place. maybe you can at least push this into a single convenience function... def destupid(x, constructor=tuple, sequencetypes=(tuple, list)): if x is None: return constructor() if isinstance(x, sequencetypes): return x return constructor((x,)) Jeff pgpC9L79OCj2p.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Frame widget (title and geometry)
It would help if you posted your code, as we're in the dark about exactly what you tried to do and the error you received. It sounds like you may be using the wrong type of widget for what you want. The terms used in Tk are different than in some other systems. If you want a separate window with title bar etc, you want to create a new instance of Tkinter.Toplevel. It will have methods like wm_title and wm_geometry. Newer versions of Tk (8.4 and maybe 8.3) have a widget called labelframe (called Tkinter.LabelFrame in python2.3 and newer) which is the grooved-border-and-label container used to semantically group related widgets. Frame widgets are simply containers which are often useful for making the screen layout work the way you want with pack and grid. Jeff pgpdBiMtDJV5v.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Frame widget (title and geometry)
Tkinter.Frame instances are not created with geometry or title attributes. Whatever 'classtitle' and 'classtitle2' are, they are not written to work with Tkinter.Frame instances. Jeff pgppDkXNnBRVL.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PEP ? os.listdir enhancement
Why not just define the function yourself? Not every 3-line function needs to be built in. def listdir_joined(path): return [os.path.join(path, entry) for entry in os.listdir(path)] dirs = [x for x in listdir_joined(path) if os.path.isdir(x)] path_size = [(x, getsize(x)) for x in listdir_joined(path) if os.path.isfile(x)] Jeff pgpwXvnkgy6r4.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Loop until condition is true
def until(pred): yield None while True: if pred(): break yield None def example(): i = 0 for _ in until(lambda: x==0): x = 10 - i i += 1 print x, i example() pgpeP7iW6mcQm.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is this a bug? I don't know where to start
Your list targets contains some values twice. targets=[97,101,139,41,37,31,29,89,23,19,8,13,131,19,73,97,19,139,79,67,61,17,113,127] for t in set(targets): ... if targets.count(t) 1: print t ... 97 139 19 It looks like the duplicated items in the output contain one of the duplicated items from the input. Jeff pgpqzHdpM3xQ3.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: eval() in python
On Tue, Jun 21, 2005 at 08:13:47AM -0400, Peter Hansen wrote: Xah Lee wrote: the doc seems to suggest that eval is only for expressions... it says uses exec for statements, but i don't seem to see a exec function? Because it's a statement: http://docs.python.org/ref/exec.html#l2h-563 but the documentation is sooo baaad that it makes babies cry and maybe spreads herpes too. pgpV9sZIg0dFB.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: utf8 silly question
If you want to work with unicode, then write
us = u\N{COPYRIGHT SIGN} some text
You can also write this as
us = unichr(169) + u some text
When you have a Unicode string, you can convert it to a particular
encoding stored in a byte string with
bs = us.encode(utf-8)
It's generally a mistake to use the .encode() method on a byte string,
but that's what code like
bs = \xa9 some text
bs = bs.encode(utf-8)
does. It can lull you into believing it works, if the test data only
has US ASCII contents, then break when you go into production and have
non-ASCII strings.
Jeff
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Re: log in to a website
You may find the third-party modules ClientForm and ClientCookie to be useful. Using ClientForm, the following code uploads a file to a particular web form: forms = ClientForm.ParseResponse(urllib2.urlopen(url)) f = forms[0] f.add_file(open(local, rb), filename=remote, name=file) u = f.click(attach) urllib2.urlopen(u) A web search should turn up the homepage for these modules. Jeff pgpfIIHBz5aNO.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Strange socket problem
When using os.system(), files that are open in the parent are available in the child, as you can see here in Linux' listing of the files open by the child program: [EMAIL PROTECTED] jepler]$ python -c 'f = open(/tmp/test, w); print f.fileno(); import os; os.system(ls -l /proc/self/fd)' 3 total 5 lrwx-- 1 jepler jepler 64 Jun 15 07:25 0 - /dev/pts/2 lrwx-- 1 jepler jepler 64 Jun 15 07:25 1 - /dev/pts/2 lrwx-- 1 jepler jepler 64 Jun 15 07:25 2 - /dev/pts/2 l-wx-- 1 jepler jepler 64 Jun 15 07:25 3 - /tmp/test lr-x-- 1 jepler jepler 64 Jun 15 07:25 4 - /proc/3108/fd You may be able to set the FD_CLOEXEC flag on the files that should not be passed to children, something like this: old = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFD) fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFD, old | fcntl.FD_CLOEXEC) Refer to a real Unix reference for more information on what FD_CLOEXEC does. You may want to replace the use of os.system() with fork + close files + exec. Then myserver.py will no longer have the listening socket descriptor of your cherrypy server. Python 2.4's 'subprocess' module may work better in this respect than os.system. It seems to include support for requesting that fds be closed in the child (the close_fds parameter to subprocess.Popen) Jeff pgpnWdtB0ClNj.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Python-Dev] A bug in pyconfig.h under Linux?
[sent to python-list and poster] Did you follow the direction that Python.h be included before any system header? This is mentioned at least in http://docs.python.org/ext/simpleExample.html It's a crummy thing for Python to insist on, but if you can re-organize your headers to do this it should make the warnings go away. Jeff pgpClgUkWxGW5.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: TKinter -- 'Destroy' event executing more than once?
For me, an 'is' test works to find out what widget the event is taking place on. # import Tkinter def display_event(e): print event received, e.widget, e.widget is t t = Tkinter.Tk() t.bind(Destroy, display_event) w = Tkinter.Entry(t) t.destroy() # This program prints: event received .-1209415348 False event received . True if that fails, you could compare str(e.widget) and t._w, though this can give a false positive if you have multiple Tk() instances---each Tk() instance is called .. Jeff pgpXtThASJKeK.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: count string replace occurances
On Sun, Jun 12, 2005 at 04:55:38PM -0700, Xah Lee wrote: if i have mytext.replace(a,b) how to find out many many occurances has been replaced? The count isn't returned by the replace method. You'll have to count and then replace. def count_replace(a, b, c): count = a.count(b) return count, s.replace(b, c) count_replace(a car and a carriage, car, bat) (2, 'a bat and a batriage') pgpAvDTGPd6LT.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Get drives and partitions list (Linux)
Using /proc/partitions is probably preferable because any user can read
it, not just people who can be trusted with read access to drives, and
because the format of /proc/partitions is probably simpler and more
stable over time.
That said, what you do is
import commands
fdisk_output = commands.getoutput(fdisk -l %s % partition)
followed by some specialized code to parse the output of 'fdisk -l'
The following code is not at all tested, but might do the trick.
# python parse_fdisk.py
/dev/hda4 blocks=1060290 bootable=False partition_id_string='Linux swap'
partition_id=130 start=8451 end=8582
/dev/hda1 blocks=15634048 bootable=True partition_id_string='HPFS/NTFS'
partition_id=7 start=1 end=1947
/dev/hda3 blocks=9213277 bootable=False partition_id_string='W95 FAT32 (LBA)'
partition_id=12 start=8583 end=9729
/dev/hda2 blocks=52235347 bootable=False partition_id_string='Linux'
partition_id=131 start=1948 end=8450
# This source code is placed in the public domain
def parse_fdisk(fdisk_output):
result = {}
for line in fdisk_output.split(\n):
if not line.startswith(/): continue
parts = line.split()
inf = {}
if parts[1] == *:
inf['bootable'] = True
del parts[1]
else:
inf['bootable'] = False
inf['start'] = int(parts[1])
inf['end'] = int(parts[2])
inf['blocks'] = int(parts[3].rstrip(+))
inf['partition_id'] = int(parts[4], 16)
inf['partition_id_string'] = .join(parts[5:])
result[parts[0]] = inf
return result
def main():
import commands
fdisk_output = commands.getoutput(fdisk -l /dev/hda)
for disk, info in parse_fdisk(fdisk_output).items():
print disk, .join([%s=%r % i for i in info.items()])
if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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Re: Hiding X windows
You may want to use a standalone program to do this. xwit has the ability to iconify a window which can be selected in a variety of ways. http://hpux.connect.org.uk/hppd/hpux/X11/Misc/xwit-1.0/man.html There's a direct Python interface to the X protocol in python-xlib. You could re-write the common function Select_Window() from dsimple.c in the X source distribution. One (old) copy is here: http://ftp.rge.com/pub/X/X11R6.4/xc/programs/xwininfo/dsimple.c Having done that, I'm not entirely sure how you proceed to hide the window. You might follow the directions in the ICCCM on how to iconify or withdraw a window (http://tronche.com/gui/x/icccm/sec-4.html#s-4.1.4), or you might follow the EWMH document (http://standards.freedesktop.org/wm-spec/wm-spec-1.4.html#id2507242) Jeff pgp14degfeFns.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Socket Speed
The machines with the 100mbps ethernet link are slightly different---Pentium 4, 2.8GHz, Python 2.2, RedHat 9. File size: 87490278 Best of 4 runs: 7.50 MB/s reported by wget. There was other network activity and system load at the time. Jeff pgpNVPeW3ghJL.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Socket Speed
300KB/s sounds dreadfully low. I simply ran python /usr/lib/python2.3/SimpleHTTPServer.py , then wget -O /dev/null http://0.0.0.0:8000/70megfile;. On the best of 4 runs (when the file was cached) wget measured 225.20MB/s. The hardware is a Pentium-M laptop with 768MB RAM runnng at 1.5GHz. The OS is Fedora Core 2, kernel 2.6.12-rc5, Python 2.3. Jeff pgpqnaSsnl0tn.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyArg_ParseTuple and dict
I tried to recreate the problem based on what you described in your
message. I was unable to recreate the problem.
I wrote the following file sjh.c:
#include Python.h
PyObject *f(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
PyObject *ob = NULL;
if(!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, O, ob)) return NULL;
Py_INCREF(Py_None);
return Py_None;
}
PyMethodDef methods[] = {
{f, (PyCFunction)f, METH_VARARGS, test function},
{NULL}
};
void initsjh() {
Py_InitModule3(sjh, methods, test module);
}
I compiled it for Python 2.3:
$ gcc sjh.c -I/usr/include/python2.3 -L/usr/lib/python2.3/config -lpython2.3
-shared -o sjh.so
and I tested it:
$ python -c 'import sjh; print sjh.f(1)'
None
$ python -c 'import sjh; print sjh.f({})'
None
$ python -c 'import sjh; print sjh.f({None: None})'
None
Jeff
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Re: method = Klass.othermethod considered PITA
On Sat, Jun 04, 2005 at 10:43:39PM +, John J. Lee wrote: 1. In derived classes, inheritance doesn't work right: Did you expect it to print 'moo'? I'd have been surprised, and expected the behavior you got. 2. At least in 2.3 (and 2.4, AFAIK), you can't pickle classes that do this. In all the versions of Python I've used, classes are pickled by name. This example you wrote doesn't pose any special problem when pickling. pickle.dumps(A) 'c__main__\nA\np0\n.' pickle.dumps(B) 'c__main__\nB\np0\n.' Jeff pgpIxRuaKzVxS.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Unicode string in exec
First off, I just have to correct your terminology. exec is a statement, and doesn't require parentheses, so talking about exec() invites confusion. I'll answer your question in terms of eval(), which takes a string representing a Python expression, interprets it, and returns the result. In Python 2.3, the following works right: eval(uu'\u0190') u'\u0190' Here, the string passed to eval() contains the literal LATIN CAPITAL LETTER OPEN E, and the expected unicode string is returned The following behaves surprisingly: eval(u'\u0190') '\xc6\x90' ... you seem to get the UTF-8 encoding of the unicode. This is related to PEP 263 (http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html) but the behavior of compile(), eval() and exec don't seem to be spelled out. Jeff pgp7R8SrUm3oO.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: TkInter Listbox Widget Formatting
This isn't an option in the stock Tk listbox or any of the alternatives I know of offhand (bwidget ListBox, TixTList). The TkTable widget, which can also display multiple columns, can select different justifications, either for the whole table, or for single cells. I've never used TkTable with Python/Tkinter, however. Jeff pgpJEp4ubX0Ge.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Easy way to detect hard drives and partitions in Linux
You're not going to find a single portable unix way of doing this. The format of /etc/fstab and /etc/mtab are pretty portable, but they only list mountable/mounted partitions, not all partitions. In addition to the linux possibilities mentioned in another reply, there is also /proc/partitions. Finally, if you only want to recognize FDISK.EXE-type partitions (used by many types of Linux, though that seems to be changing in Fedora Core 4), it shouldn't be hard to write a Python program to read the partition table directly from the disk. The details will be readily available online. Jeff pgpUHTjvdDpAs.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: thread vs GC
I suspect that getting the threads to die will be tricky, and as written the thread holds a reference to the 'primegen' instance (this part can be cured, but it still doesn't ever make the thread exit). Instead of figuring out how to get this to clean itself up, why not make sure you only make one 'primegen' instance, using one of the various singleton patterns? There may still be something uncollectable, but at least there will only be one. Jeff pgpguzGVLqvop.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: scripting browsers from Python
I wanted to have a Python program make my browser do a POST. I am using Firefox on Linux. Here's what I did: * Prepare a HTML page on the local disk that looks like this: htmlbody onload=document.forms[0].submit() div style=display: none form method=post accept-charset=utf-8 action=http://www.example.com/cgi-bin/example.cgi; input name=field1 value=value1 input name=field2 value=value2 textarea name=text/textarea input type=submit name=blah /form /div Submitting form... /body /html * Point the webbrowser at it. In my case, the webbrowser module didn't work immediately so I just used os.system() with a hardcoded browser name for it Jeff pgpRarqrD1itP.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: exit after process exit
You might want os.spawnv(os.P_WAIT, a.exe, [a.exe]) os.system(a.exe) Jeff pgpp3Fxdo0nYA.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Shift-JIS to UTF-8 conversion
On Fri, May 20, 2005 at 12:16:15AM -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, I think the answer is basically correct but shift-jis is not a standard part of Python 2.3. Ah, I was fooled --- I tested on Python 2.3, but my packager must have included the codecs you went on to mention. Jeff pgp4qvXpgMoKr.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter special math chars
I wrote the following code:
import Tkinter
t = Tkinter.Label()
t.configure(
text=uAs the function approaches \N{INFINITY}, \N{HORIZONTAL
ELLIPSIS})
t.pack()
t.mainloop()
It worked for me on Windows NT 4.0 with Python 2.4, and on RedHat 9 with
a self-compiled Python 2.3, showing an infinity symbol and an ellipsis.
u'\N{...}' stands for the Unicode character named '...'. Unicode.org
(and other sites) have lists of Unicode character names.
Tk tries very hard to find the requested character in some font
available on the system, but when it fails it just displays a unicode
escape sequence like \u220e (instead of the END OF PROOF symbol, in
this case), and there's really no way for Python to find out and fall
back in some graceful way.
Relying on this behavior, here's a somewhat-falliable way to detect the
presence of a symbol in the font used in a given widget:
def symbol_exists(s, w, f = None):
if f is None:
f = w.cget(font)
width_symbol = w.tk.call(font, measure, f, s)
width_bench = w.tk.call(font, measure, f, 000)
return width_symbol width_bench
This finds the width in pixels of the given symbol (s) and the string 000, in
the font f. If the width of the symbol is smaller, then it's probably
available.
If it's wider, then it's probably rendered as an escape sequence like \u220e.
This is falliable because there's no guarantee that the symbol would not be as
wide as 000, but also it's possible for some escape code (say \u) to be
narrower than 000. Neither of these seem very likely in practice.
Jeff
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Re: Tkinter special math chars
On Thu, May 19, 2005 at 12:56:12PM -0500, phil wrote:
Why is it so slow? (RH Linux, 2.4.20, 1.6Ghz AMD)
3/4 second slower to display widget w/unicode,
even if I encode u'\u221e'
u'\u221e' vs u'\N{INFINITY}' should make no noticible run-time
difference--they both specify exactly the same string, and the decoding
takes place at the time the script or module is byte-compiled.
What Tk does at runtime is inspect a large number of fonts until it
finds one with the desired character---or all the fonts, if the
character doesn't exist. Querying all the fonts on your
system can take quite a bit of time. I believe that Tk caches this
information until program exit, or at least as long as the font is in
use, and characters that are nearby in their unicode values will be
resolved at the same time.
I'm not aware of a good explanation of the low-level font handling in
Tk; The information in the above paragraph was gleaned by reading the
source code (tkUnixFont.c and tkWinFont.c).
Jeff
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Re: Shift-JIS to UTF-8 conversion
I think you do something like this (untested): import codecs def transcode(infile, outfile, incoding=shift-jis, outcoding=utf-8): f = codecs.open(infile, rb, incoding) g = codecs.open(outfile, wb, outcoding) g.write(f.read()) # If the file is so large that it can't be read at once, do a loop which # reads and writes smaller chunks #while 1: #block = f.read(4096000) #if not block: break #g.write(block) f.close() g.close() Jeff pgp72dlRWI08A.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: iso_8859_1 mystery/tkinter
this isn't about the sign bit, it's about assumed encodings for byte strings.. In iso_8859_1 and unicode, the character with value 0xb0 is DEGREE SIGN. In other character sets, that may not be true---For instance, in the Windows code page 437, it is u'\u2591' aka LIGHT SHADE (a half-tone pattern). When you write code like x = '%c' % (0xb0) and then pass x to a Tkinter call, Tkinter treats it as a string encoded in some system-default encoding, which could give DEGREE SIGN, could give LIGHT SHADE, or could give other characters (a thai user of Windows might see THAI CHARACTER THO THAN, for instance, and I would see a question mark because I use utf-8 and this is an invalid byte sequence). By using x = u'%c' % (0xb0) you get a unicode string, and there is no confusion about the meaning of the symbol---you always get DEGREE SIGN. Jeff pgpsAO42RPHy5.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Interaction between TclTk editor with Python code
One way to get a handle on some Tcl variables from Python is to create Tkinter.Variable instances with the names of the existing Tcl variables (normally, the variable names are chosen arbitrarily). Once you've done this, you can do things like add variable traces (the trace_variable method) on the Python side. One thing to be aware of is that the Python object's __del__ will unset the variable on the Tcl side. Also, this code sets an initial value for the variable which may or may not be appropriate in your application. The code below was ripped from a larger application, so it may or may not work without modification. Jeff # This code is in the public domain from Tkinter import * def makevar(master, name, klass, *default): self = newinstance(klass) self._master = master self._tk = master.tk self._name = name if default: self.set(default[0]) else: self.set(self._default) return self def makebool(master, name, *default): return makevar(master, name, Tkinter.BooleanVar, *default) def makeint(master, name, *default): return makevar(master, name, Tkinter.IntVar, *default) def makefloat(master, name, *default): return makevar(master, name, Tkinter.DoubleVar, *default) def makestring(master, name, *default): return makevar(master, name, Tkinter.StringVar, *default) pgp8S84d8ZZDq.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Recommended version of gcc for Python?
Most versions of gcc should be just fine to compile Python. Python is targeted at ANSI/ISO C compilers, but does not yet use any C99 features. I don't think there was ever such a thing as gcc 3.5; http://gcc.gnu.org/ lists 4.0 as the current release series and 3.4.3 as the previous release series. I'd steer clear of this version. I recommend using the default compiler of your distribution, unless you know of a specific reason to use a different one. Jeff pgpIOvlvJwm7i.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Precision?
If you want to do decimal arithmetic, use the decimal module which is new in Python 2.4. Python 2.4 (#1, Jan 22 2005, 20:45:18) [GCC 3.3.3 20040412 (Red Hat Linux 3.3.3-7)] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. from decimal import Decimal as D D(1.0) + D(3.0) + D(4.6) Decimal(8.6) when you write '4.6', you get a binary floating-point number which is not equal to the decimal number 4.6. 4.6 4.5996 4.6 == D(4.6) False Jeff pgpTCJaVo6X1e.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How return no return ?
At the interactive prompt, a result is printed when both these things are true: * The entered code is an expression, not any other kind of statement * The result of the expression is not 'None' If an expression occurs, information about it will be printed instead. So the interpreter won't print a result for a = 3# because it's an assignment statement def f(): return # because it's a 'def' statement None # because the result of the expression is 'None' f() # because the result of the expression is 'None' Your example int a is not Python, but if it was it would probably be a non-expression statement, and thus never print a result in the interpreter. Jeff pgpYRHXaq9ZxI.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using TCL files in Python ?
While I've never used it, there *is* a Tix module in Python which appears to wrap the widgets provided by Tix. In Fedora Core 2, Python doesn't seem to be configured to use Tix OOTB but a one-liner (that should be harmless elsewhere) does make it work. These classes are defined in the Tix module: ['Shell', 'Meter', 'TixSubWidget', 'ExFileSelectDialog', 'NoteBookFrame', 'DirSelectDialog', 'Control', 'LabelEntry', 'ButtonBox', 'ScrolledTList', 'Select', 'HList', 'Balloon', 'PopupMenu', 'DirSelectBox', 'ComboBox', 'ScrolledWindow', 'Grid', 'CheckList', 'DialogShell', 'Tree', 'DirList', 'ResizeHandle', 'NoteBook', 'ListNoteBook', 'ScrolledGrid', 'FileEntry', 'ScrolledHList', 'DirTree', 'OptionMenu', 'ScrolledText', 'LabelFrame', 'FileSelectBox', 'ScrolledListBox', 'InputOnly', 'PanedWindow', 'StdButtonBox', 'FileSelectDialog', 'CObjView', 'ExFileSelectBox', 'TList'] Here's what I did to get a simple Tix widget to work: import Tkinter, Tix t = Tkinter.Tk() t.tk.call(package, require, Tix) '8.1.8.4' u = Tix.ComboBox(t) for i in range(30): u.insert(end, Item %d % i) ... u.pack() Jeff pgpGhydrXScIo.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: New Python regex Doc (was: Python documentation moronicities)
To add to what others have said: * Typos and lack of spell-checking, such as occurances vs occurrences * Poor grammar, such as Other characters that has special meaning includes: * You dropped version-related notes like New in version 2.4 * You seem to love the use of HRs, while docs.python.org uses them sparingly * The category names you created, Wildcards, Repetition Qualifiers, and so forth, don't help me understand regular expressions any better than the original document * Your document dropped some basic explanations of how regular expressions work, without a replacement text: Regular expressions can be concatenated to form new regular expressions; if A and B are both regular expressions, then AB is also a regular expression. In general, if a string p matches A and another string q matches B, the string pq will match AB. [...] Thus, complex expressions can easily be constructed from simpler primitive expressions like the ones described here. Instead, you start off with one unclear example (a+ matching hh!) and one misleading example (a regular expression that matches some tiny subset of valid e-mail addresses) * You write Characters that have special meanings in regex do not have special meanings when used inside []. For example, '[b+]' does not mean one or more b; It just matches 'b' or '+'. and then go on to explain that backslash still has special meaning; I see that the original documentation has a similar problem, but this just goes to show that you aren't improving the accuracy or clarity of the documentation in most cases, just rewriting it to suit your own style. Or maybe just as an excuse to write offensive things like [a] fucking toy whose max use is as a simplest calculator I can't see anything to make me recommend this documentation over the existing documentation. Jeff pgp5Y4v6p63xE.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [HELP] Tkinter Application Minimized to System Tray :)
Tk, the library that Tkinter wraps, does not offer a way to minimize to the taskbar. Jeff pgp3ATXnxg0dO.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best way to convert a list into function call arguments?
Your question is answered in the tutorial: http://docs.python.org/tut/node6.html#SECTION00674 4.7.4 Unpacking Argument Lists The reverse situation occurs when the arguments are already in a list or tuple but need to be unpacked for a function call requiring separate positional arguments. For instance, the built-in range() function expects separate start and stop arguments. If they are not available separately, write the function call with the *-operator to unpack the arguments out of a list or tuple: range(3, 6) # normal call with separate arguments [3, 4, 5] args = [3, 6] range(*args)# call with arguments unpacked from a list [3, 4, 5] Jeff pgpaezewLDmEG.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: descriptor dilemma
On Wed, May 04, 2005 at 09:14:18AM -0700, Sébastien Boisgérault wrote: Yup ?!? Weird ... especially as: id(c.f) == id(C.__dict__['f'].__get__(c,C)) True Here, c.f is discarded by the time the right-hand-side of == is executed. So the object whose id() is being calculated on the right-hand-side could turn out to be the same, since the two objects have disjoint lifetimes. Here are some more cases of the same thing: id([]) == id([]) 1 id([]) == id([1]) 1 Jeff pgp0amP007OuW.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to read an integer value from a binary file?
As your 'for' loop shows, the number of items in the slice [2:5] is only
3, not 4.
Maybe you want the slice [2:6] instead.
x = xx\xb6/\0\0
struct.unpack('i', x[2:6])
(12214,)
Jeff
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Re: cgi print statement in multithreaded enviroment?
You could write something like class ThreadSpecificFile: def set_stdout(f): self.files[thread_id] = f def write(data): self.files[thread_id].write(data) sys.stdout = ThreadSpecificFile() where you'll have to fill out a few more things like thread_id, __init__, and a way to clean up items from self.files when a thread passes away. Jeff pgpfNtl83qNgI.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tkinter OptionMenu column break
I don't think that Tk's menus ever use more than one column. They certainly don't on Unix. Jeff pgpsVnvjgm3Qy.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to track down all required shared libraries?
One poster suggests 'ldd' for executables. You can also use this on shared libraries: $ ldd /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/_tkinter.so libtix8.1.8.4.so = /usr/lib/libtix8.1.8.4.so (0x009b6000) libtk8.4.so = /usr/lib/libtk8.4.so (0x00111000) libtcl8.4.so = /usr/lib/libtcl8.4.so (0x00539000) libX11.so.6 = /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00a48000) libpthread.so.0 = /lib/tls/libpthread.so.0 (0x001de000) libc.so.6 = /lib/tls/libc.so.6 (0x001f) libdl.so.2 = /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x0052d000) libm.so.6 = /lib/tls/libm.so.6 (0x00fcf000) /lib/ld-linux.so.2 = /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x00656000) If you know what shared modules your program uses, you can ldd them all and find out the set of libraries they are linked to. Jeff pgpeC5PdZ34hJ.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python equivalent of php implode
On Tue, Apr 26, 2005 at 09:59:29PM -0500, Mike Meyer wrote: Jeff Epler [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: items = query_param.items() keys = [item[0] for item in items] values = [item[1] for item in items] Is there some reason not to do: keys = query_params.keys() values = query_params.values() That would seem to be a lot more obvious as to what was going on. I was afraid that .keys() and .values() might not match up (so that the i'th key maps to the i'th value in query_param). Now that I've glanced at the documentation, I see that this *is* guaranteed[1], and I should have written the code you proposed. Jeff [1] http://docs.python.org/lib/typesmapping.html note 3 pgpxQa6k4Ldvu.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python equivalent of php implode
It looks like php's implode(sep, seq) is like sep.join(seq) in Python. But this is a lousy way to write database queries. You should use the Python's DB-API interface's execute(statement, parameters) instead. Assuming that paramstyle is 'qmark', I think it ends up looking something like this: items = query_param.items() keys = [item[0] for item in items] values = [item[1] for item in items] # If the query parameters or the table are under # user control you must take care to validate them assert table in permitted_tables for k in query_param.keys(): assert k in permitted_keys sql = INSERT INTO %s (%s) values %s % ( table, , .join(keys), , .join([?] * len(keys)) ) conn.execute(sql, values) now you don't have to worry that you get the quoting of the values absolutely right, since db-api does it for you. Jeff pgpAH3nHgcgJw.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why is Python not supporting full derivation of built-in file class?
This issue was discussed in another recent python-list thread, called Writing to stdout and a log file. My second post includes a patch to Python's fileobject.c that made the code that started that thread work, but for reasons I mentioned in that post I didn't want to push for inclusion of my patch. I didn't check, but it will probably allow your code to work too. If you feel differently, then the thing to do is probably to submit the patch plus a test case to the sf.net patch tracker for python (sf.net/projects/python, click on patches. you'll need a sourceforge account to submit the patch) Jeff PS I did allow the Python test suite to run to completion after I wrote that message. It didn't produce any failures or unexpected skips on my platform. pgppjD5SYuGFg.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: fpectl
On Tue, Apr 19, 2005 at 02:05:11AM -0700, Sébastien Boisgérault wrote: Thanks for this answer. Did you forward this info to python-dev ? I created a patch on the sf tracker. It's been responded to by several developers. You can read what they said there. http://python.org/sf/1185529 Jeff pgpzLX8Ht47YG.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Writing to stdout and a log file
This variation works: # class Tee: def __init__(self, *args): self.files = args def write(self, data): for f in self.files: result = f.write(data) return result def writelines(self, seq): for i in seq: self.write(i) import sys sys.stdout = Tee(sys.stdout, open(/tmp/stdout.log, w)) print 'STDOUT', sys.stdout # It appears that the 'print' statement always uses file.write if isinstance(sys.stdout, file). I don't know whether this has been reported as a bug before, or if there's a reason for the current behavior. It may be an accidental behavior that is left over from the days when builtin types were not subclassable. Jeff pgp7JrGs05dLk.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Writing to stdout and a log file
In that case, it looks like you won't be able to get what you want
without modifying CPython. PRINT_ITEM calls PyFile_SoftSpace,
PyFile_WriteString, and PyFile_WriteObject, which all use
PyFile_Check(). It might be as simple as changing these to
PyFile_CheckExact() calls in PyFile_WriteString / PyFile_WriteObject,
but I have no idea whether the test suite still works after this change
is made. It does make this program work (it prints things from X.write):
class X(file):
def write(self, s):
print X.write, `s`
return file.write(self, s)
import sys
x = X(/tmp/out.txt, w)
print x, 42
I don't care to be the champion of this patch, or to submit it to
sourceforge; I suspect there should be a better review of PyFile_Check
vs PyFile_CheckExact uses in fileobject.c, instead of just picking the
few spots that make this usage work. Before being submitted as a patch,
a testcase should be added too. Feel free to run with this if you feel
strongly about it.
Jeff
Index: Objects/fileobject.c
===
RCS file: /cvsroot/python/python/dist/src/Objects/fileobject.c,v
retrieving revision 2.193
diff -u -u -r2.193 fileobject.c
--- Objects/fileobject.c7 Nov 2004 14:15:28 - 2.193
+++ Objects/fileobject.c20 Apr 2005 02:41:32 -
@@ -2012,7 +2012,7 @@
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, writeobject with NULL file);
return -1;
}
- else if (PyFile_Check(f)) {
+ else if (PyFile_CheckExact(f)) {
FILE *fp = PyFile_AsFile(f);
#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
PyObject *enc = ((PyFileObject*)f)-f_encoding;
@@ -2082,7 +2082,7 @@
null file for PyFile_WriteString);
return -1;
}
- else if (PyFile_Check(f)) {
+ else if (PyFile_CheckExact(f)) {
FILE *fp = PyFile_AsFile(f);
if (fp == NULL) {
err_closed();
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Re: New Python regex Doc (was: Python documentation moronicities)
On Mon, Apr 18, 2005 at 01:40:43PM -0700, Xah Lee wrote: i have rewrote the Python's re module documentation. See it here for table of content page: http://xahlee.org/perl-python/python_re-write/lib/module-re.html For those who have long ago consigned Mr. Lee to a killfile, it looks like he's making an honest attempt to improve Python's documentation here. Mr Lee, I hope you will submit your documentation changes to python's patch tracker on sourceforge.net. I don't fully agree with some of what you've written (e.g., you give top billing to the use of functions like re.search while I would encourage use of the search method on compiled RE objetcts, and I like examples to be given as though from interactive sessions, complete with and ...), but nits can always be picked and I'm not the gatekeeper to Python's documentation. Jeff pgpq9H9EDt08X.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: fpectl
It looks like the automatic build of the 'fpectl' module was broken
somewhere along the line, perhaps when the transition from Modules/Setup
to setup.py took place.
Once I made the change below and rebuilt, I got the fpectl module.
Furthermore, it appeared to do something on my Linux/x86 system:
$ ./python -c '1e200 ** 6'
OverflowError: (34, 'Numerical result out of range')
$ ./python -c 'import fpectl; print dir(fpectl); fpectl.turnon_sigfpe(); 1e200
** 6'
['__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', 'error', 'turnoff_sigfpe', 'turnon_sigfpe']
Fatal Python error: Unprotected floating point exception
Aborted
Jeff
Index: setup.py
===
RCS file: /cvsroot/python/python/dist/src/setup.py,v
retrieving revision 1.217
diff -u -u -r1.217 setup.py
--- setup.py15 Apr 2005 20:32:39 - 1.217
+++ setup.py19 Apr 2005 00:13:15 -
@@ -400,6 +400,8 @@
# select(2); not on ancient System V
exts.append( Extension('select', ['selectmodule.c']) )
+exts.append( Extension('fpectl', ['fpectlmodule.c']) )
+
# The md5 module implements the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5
# Message-Digest Algorithm, described in RFC 1321. The
# necessary files md5c.c and md5.h are included here.
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Re: Tkinter Event Types
The type field is related to the definition of different events in X11. In Xlib, the event structure is a C union with the first (common) field giving the type of the event so that the event-dependant fields can be accessed through the proper union member. Generally, you won't use this field in Tkinter programs. jeff pgpCj3ZljM90R.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Get the entire file in a variable - error
It's not clear to me what you mean by the first line (gzip does not output a file composed of lines, its output is byte-oriented). Printing tst.getvalue() is probably not a very useful thing to do, since it won't do anything useful when the output is a terminal, and it will add an extra newline if you are redirecting to a file. At least when close()ing the GzipFile before looking at the StringIO instance's value, I get some bytes that gunzip just fine, giving the original string. Here's my interactive session: import gzip import StringIO io = StringIO.StringIO() z = gzip.GzipFile(test.gz, w, 5, io) z.write(\ ... Python 2.2.2 (#1, Feb 24 2003, 19:13:11) ... [GCC 3.2.2 20030222 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.2-4)] on linux2 ... Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. ... ) z.close() from os import popen popen(gunzip -dc, w).write(io.getvalue()) Python 2.2.2 (#1, Feb 24 2003, 19:13:11) [GCC 3.2.2 20030222 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.2-4)] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. I don't know anything about your database or its LONG field. Depending on the database software there could be additional problems with embedded NULs, for instance. Jeff pgpRFzYLb7Oet.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Why won't someone step up and make use of the Free tools (was Re: Python 2.4 killing commercial Windows Python development ?)
I'm sorry that this is going to come out sounding like a flame, but it seems to me that there today only a few technical problems remaining with Python when built with mingw32. If one of the people who has expressed such deep concern about this msvcr71.dll problem would simply install the Free tools and start putting patches on sourceforge, it's quite possible that for the next 2.4.x release the mingw32 port could be a first-rate one, and suitable for the uses that the posters in this thread have mentioned. Since mingw32 is Free (gpl and other licenses for tools, public domain libraries and copyrighted headers with no restrictions for programs built using the headers) anyone can install and use these tools and mingw creates no new problems with distribution of the resulting binary, whether the final product is Free or proprietary. (Admittedly I don't know anything about whether win32all builds under mingw32, and it's not clear whether binary compatibility with extensions built by microsoft compilers is an easy goal either) http://www.mingw.org/ Jeff pgplhycX3JBjH.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter withdraw and askstring problem
The answer has to do with a concept Tk calls transient. wm transient window ?master? If master is specified, then the window manager is informed that window is a transient window (e.g. pull-down menu) working on behalf of master (where master is the path name for a top-level window). If master is specified as an empty string then window is marked as not being a transient window any more. Otherwise the command returns the path name of windows current master, or an empty string if window isnt currently a transient window. A transient window will mirror state changes in the master and inherit the state of the master when initially mapped. It is an error to attempt to make a window a transient of itself. In tkSimpleDialog, the dialog window is unconditionally made transient for the master. Windows is simply following the documentation: The askstring window inherit[s] the state of the master [i.e., withdrawn] when initially mapped. The fix is to modify tkSimpleDialog.Dialog.__init__ to only make the dialog transient for its master when the master is viewable. This mirrors what is done in dialog.tcl in Tk itself. You can either change tkSimpleDialog.py, or you can include a new definition of __init__ with these lines at the top, and the rest of the function the same: def __init__(self, parent, title = None): ''' the docstring ... ''' Toplevel.__init__(self, parent) if parent.winfo_viewable(): self.transient(parent) ... # Thanks for being so dynamic, Python! tkSimpleDialog.Dialog.__init__ = __init__; del __init__ Jeff pgp4ueSCXQcCg.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: help: loading binary image data into memory
probably something like this: (untested) def make_ftplib_callback(f): def callback(block): f.write(block) return callback img = cStringIO.StringIO() retrbinary( get ???, make_ftplib_callback(img)) Jeff pgpaecaxnsqYB.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Read 16 bit integer complex data
You may want to use the 'numeric' or 'numarray' extensions for this. The page on numarray is here: http://www.stsci.edu/resources/software_hardware/numarray numarray doesn't support complex 16-bit integer as a type, but you can get a complex, floating-point valued array from your integer values. Here's how, with a bit of explanation along the way: I created a small example: a vector of 2 complex 16-bit integers in the native byte-order. s = struct.pack(, 1, 2, 3, 4) s '\x01\x00\x02\x00\x03\x00\x04\x00' I think this stands for the vector 1+2j, 3+4j according to what you wrote. I can turn this into a 4-element numarray like so: numarray.fromstring(s, s) array([1, 2, 3, 4], type=Int16) and extract the real and complex parts with extended slices: t[1::2] # take the items 1, 3, ..., 2*n+1 i.e., the complex parts array([2, 4], type=Int16) This expression forms the complex 64-bit floating point 2-element array from 't': u = t[0::2] + t[1::2] * 1j u array([ 1.+2.j, 3.+4.j]) If the byte-order of the file is different from the native byte order, you can byte-swap it before forming the complex FP array: t.byteswap() t array([ 256, 512, 768, 1024], type=Int16) Jeff pgpFwMSqf6wiY.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: curious problem with large numbers
You may want to read
http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0754.html
Part of the text reads
The IEEE 754 standard defines a set of binary representations and
algorithmic rules for floating point arithmetic. Included in the
standard is a set of constants for representing special values,
including positive infinity, negative infinity, and indeterminate or
non-numeric results (NaN). Most modern CPUs implement the IEEE 754
standard, including the (Ultra)SPARC, PowerPC, and x86 processor
series.
Currently, the handling of IEEE 754 special values in Python depends
on the underlying C library. Unfortunately, there is little
consistency between C libraries in how or whether these values are
handled. For instance, on some systems float('Inf') will properly
return the IEEE 754 constant for positive infinity. On many systems,
however, this expression will instead generate an error message.
Jeff
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Re: Resticted mode still active (error?)
Is there a script that causes this problem, without using mod_python or jepp? If so, please attach it to the sourceforge bug. http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detailaid=1163563group_id=5470atid=105470 pgpiWdvwwFmcD.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Silly question re: 'for i in sys.stdin'?
On Sun, Apr 03, 2005 at 09:49:42PM -0600, Steven Bethard wrote: Slick. Thanks! does isatty() actually work on windows? I'm a tiny bit surprised! Jeff pgp2TeZpqhdyV.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter - pixel or widget color
On Mon, Apr 04, 2005 at 10:43:11AM +0200, pavel.kosina wrote: I would need to get at canvas pixel color under certain moving widget or better (= faster?) colors/types of underlying static widgets that are of polygon shape (not rectangle). I don't believe this information is available anywhere, unfortunately. Jeff pgpJe2gd1ST4h.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Corectly convert from %PATH%=c:\\X; c:\\a; b TO ['c:\\X', 'c:\\a; b']
if your goal is to search for files on a windows-style path environment variable, maybe you don't want to take this approach, but instead wrap and use the _wsearchenv or _searchenv C library functions http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt__searchenv.2c_._wsearchenv.asp Incidentally, I peeked at the implementation of _searchenv in wine (an implementation of the win32 API for Unix), and it doesn't do the quote-processing that you say Windows does. The msdn page doesn't give the syntax for the variable either, which is pretty typical. Do you have an official page that discusses the syntax? Jeff pgpT4weDOp5pO.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: specialdict module
The software you used to post this message wrapped some of the lines of code. For example: def __delitem__(self, key): super(keytransformdict, self).__delitem__(self, self._transformer(key)) In defaultdict, I wonder whether everything should be viewed as a factory: def setdefaultvalue(self, value): def factory(): return value self.setdefaultfactory(factory) and the no-default mode would either cease to exist, or def cleardefault(self): def factory(): raise KeyError, key does not exist and no default defined self.setdefaultfactory(factory) (too bad that the key isn't available in the factory, this degrades the quality of the error messge) if so, __getitem__ becomes simpler: __slots__ = ['_default'] def __getitem__(self, key): try: return super(defaultdict, self).__getitem__(key) except KeyError: return self.setdefault(key, apply(*self._default)) I don't ever have an itch for sorted dictionaries, as far as I can remember, and I don't immediately understand the use of keytransformdict. Can you give an example of it? Jeff pgpTcdOKCij9W.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Corectly convert from %PATH%=c:\\X; c:\\a; b TO ['c:\\X', 'c:\\a; b']
The C code that Python uses to find the initial value of sys.path based
on PYTHONPATH seems to be simple splitting on the equivalent of
os.pathsep. See the source file Python/sysmodule.c, function
makepathobject().
for (i = 0; ; i++) {
p = strchr(path, delim); // ; on windows, : on unix
if (p == NULL) ...
w = PyString_FromStringAndSize(path, (int) (p - path));
if (w == NULL) ...
PyList_SetItem(v, i, w);
if (*p == '\0')
break;
path = p+1;
}
No special handling of quote characters happens here.
I think I will stick to a simple splitting at the ;. Luckily all the
directories I am dealing with have nice names.
If you do this, you'll match the behavior of python itself, and you'll match
the behavior of wine.
I have not even tried to see what quirks there exist with unix.
None. There's no way to quote anything in paths, so while you can't place a
directory with a colon in its name on your path, nobody loses any sleep over
it either. Here's what the Open Group has to say about PATH:
PATH
This variable shall represent the sequence of path prefixes that
certain functions and utilities apply in searching for an executable
file known only by a filename. The prefixes shall be separated by a
colon ( ':' ). When a non-zero-length prefix is applied to this
filename, a slash shall be inserted between the prefix and the
filename. A zero-length prefix is a legacy feature that indicates the
current working directory. It appears as two adjacent colons ( :: ),
as an initial colon preceding the rest of the list, or as a trailing
colon following the rest of the list. A strictly conforming application
shall use an actual pathname (such as .) to represent the current
working directory in PATH . The list shall be searched from beginning
to end, applying the filename to each prefix, until an executable file
with the specified name and appropriate execution permissions is found.
If the pathname being sought contains a slash, the search through the
path prefixes shall not be performed. If the pathname begins with a
slash, the specified path is resolved (see Pathname Resolution). If
PATH is unset or is set to null, the path search is
implementation-defined.
ah, if only windows was so well-defined!
Jeff
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Re: Silly question re: 'for i in sys.stdin'?
The iterator for files is a little bit like this generator function: def lines(f): while 1: chunk = f.readlines(sizehint) for line in chunk: yield line Inside file.readlines, the read from the tty will block until sizehint bytes have been read or EOF is seen. If you want this kind of line-at-a-time functionality, then you could use the iter(callable, sentinel) form, and switch between it and the readlines method based on a commandline flag or whether the file satisfies 'os.isatty()': def lines(f): # untested lines(f) If f is a terminal, then return an iterator that gives a value after each line is entered. Otherwise, return the efficient iterator for files. if hasattr(f, fileno) and isatty(f.fileno()): return iter(f.readline, '') return iter(f) for line in lines(sys.stdin): doSomethingWith(line) Jeff pgpisrc7TrsDv.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Spider - path conflict [../test.htm,www.nic.nl/index.html]
I think you want urllib.basejoin(). urllib.basejoin(http://www.example.com/test/page.html;, otherpage.html) 'http://www.example.com/test/otherpage.html' pgpSOZBAEHiWi.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Our Luxurious, Rubinesque, Python 2.4
In my experience, when built with the same compiler (gcc 3.3.3) the size of the python library file (libpython2.x.a on unix machines) hasn't changed much between 2.3, 2.4, and current CVS: -rw-r--r-- 1 jepler jepler 950426 Mar 31 21:37 libpython2.3.a -rw-rw-r-- 1 jepler jepler 1002158 Mar 31 21:36 libpython2.4.a -rw-rw-r-- 1 jepler jepler 1001982 Mar 31 21:36 libpython2.5.a Between Python 2.3 and 2.4, the python.org people switched to a different version of the Microsoft C compiler. Perhaps this is (part of) the explanation. Jeff pgp0gJIvdwEj2.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Tkinter] LONG POST ALERT: Setting application icon on Linux
I have written a rather hackish extension to use NET_WM_ICON to set full-color icons in Tkinter apps. You can read about it here: http://craie.unpy.net/aether/index.cgi/software/01112237744 you'll probably need to take a look at the EWMH spec, too. If KDE supports NET_WM_ICON, this may work for you (but you'll have to convert your image manually to the format required for NET_WM_ICON) Best of luck! Unfortunately, the code is not supported. Jeff pgpfvrqv1Xqtz.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get TabError?
When running with -tt, you can get this error. [EMAIL PROTECTED] src]$ python -tt Python 2.3.3 (#1, May 7 2004, 10:31:40) [GCC 3.3.3 20040412 (Red Hat Linux 3.3.3-7)] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. exec def f():\n\ta\nb Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in ? File string, line 3 b ^ TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation pgpMSKzPbMB1C.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
