Re: Using 'apply' as a decorator, to define constants
On Aug 21, 11:36 pm, Jonathan Fine jf...@pytex.org wrote: It might seem odd to use 'apply' as a decorator, but it can make sense. Yes, it's an idiom I've used myself for property declarations, but one I find myself using less often: class ColourThing(object): @apply def rgb(): def fset(self, rgb): self.r, self.g, self.b = rgb def fget(self): return (self.r, self.g, self.b) return property(**locals()) Unfortunately, apply() has been removed as a built-in in 3.x. I'm not sure if it has been relocated to a module somewhere, there's no mention of such in the docs. Without using 'apply' as a decorator one alternative is def tmp(): value = [] # complicated code return value tags = tmp() del tmp You can save yourself the tidy up by using the same name for the function the label: def tags(): value = [] # ... return value tags = tags() Like all uses of decorators, it is simply syntactic sugar. It allows you to see, up front, what is going to happen. I think, once I get used to it, I'll get to like it. The question is, is it really that useful, or is it just a slight aesthetic variation? Given that apply(f, args, kwargs) is identical to f(*args, **kwargs), it's understandable that's apply() isn't seen as worth keeping in the language. Why I've personally stopped using it: I've always had the impression that decorators were intended to provide a convenient and obvious way of augmenting functions. Having one that automatically executes the function at definition just runs counter to the behaviour I expect from a decorator. Especially when direct assignment... foo = foo () ...is a far more direct and clear way of expressing exactly what is happening. But that's all IMO, if you feel it makes your code cleaner and don't plan on moving to 3.x any time soon (come on in! the water's great!), go for it :) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using 'apply' as a decorator, to define constants
Jonathan Gardner jgard...@jonathangardner.net wrote: This is brilliant. I am going to use this more often. I've all but given up on property() since defining get_foo, get_bar, etc... has been a pain and polluted the namespace. Unfortunately I can't remember who I first learned it from - it was definitely in a post to this group - otherwise all credit would be their's. It's one of those functions that is easier to define than import. And so obvious now :) If anyone reads the decorator and doesn't think this thing below is defined as the result of this decorator function then they don't understand decorators at all. Well, it's not so much a question of the reader's intelligence as that Python already has a readily identifiable assignment operator. Having a second mechanism for assignment with no real similarity to the first just adds cognitive friction to reading the code...not because the reader doesn't understand what is happening, but because it's not obvious _why_ this second form would have been chosen. Nothing that couldn't be mitigated with a comment, I guess. # @apply used to prevent having to repeat references That would work for me. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: 2.6 windows install
Tim Arnold tim.arn...@sas.com wrote: Any ideas on what I'm missing here? Most likely the required configuration of the local environments. Did you install Python to the network device from your XP box? That would explain why you can run it: the required registry settings environment variables are added by the installer, none of which is occurring on any computer other than the one from which you installed. To be honest, I've never seen a single-point-of-access network installation of Python for a Windows environment. If it was possible, I'd expect ActiveState's ActivePython to support it but there's no mention of it in the list of acceptable installer switches[1]. [1]: http://docs.activestate.com/activepython/2.6/installnotes.html#msi -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I convert an iterator over bytes into a str?
markscottwright markscottwri...@gmail.com wrote: Thanks Jan (and all other responders). I suppose I shouldn't be surprised - it's a known wart (http://wiki.python.org/moin/ PythonWarts), but it just looks so darn wrong. Don't forget that it's exceptionally easy to create your own mechanism for doing this: def join(seq, sep): return sep.join(map(str, seq)) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to overload operator (a x b)?
Diez B. Roggisch de...@nospam.web.de wrote: Not really. I didn't get the chaining, and Peter is right that for that there is no real overloading. I'm sorry, I don't really get why overloading lt gt isn't an answer to the OP's question... His terminology may not have been correct but I'm not sure why it's not a sufficient response. (then again it is a Friday night and I have been out drinking...) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python docs disappointing - group effort to hire writers?
Paul Rubin http://phr...@nospam.invalid wrote: Stephen, Alex, etc.: have you actually used the php.net doc system? Don't knock it til you've tried it. IMO it is superior to Python's system. I've tried it, a lot. Is it okay for me to keep criticising it now, or would you like some time to find some other allusion to ignorance with which to wave away my opinion? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to kill subprocess when Python process is killed?
On Aug 7, 3:42 pm, mark.v.we...@gmail.com mark.v.we...@gmail.com wrote: When I kill the main process (cntl-C) the subprocess keeps running. How do I kill the subprocess too? The subprocess is likey to run a long time. You can register functions to run when the Python process ends by using the atexit[1] module. The following has been tested works under Python 2.6 on Windows XP: import atexit def cleanup(): print 'stop the subprocess in here' atexit.register(cleanup) while True: pass [1]: http://docs.python.org/library/atexit.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to overload operator (a x b)?
On Aug 7, 10:50 pm, Benjamin Kaplan benjamin.kap...@case.edu wrote: That isn't an operator at all. Python does not support compound comparisons like that. You have to do a b and b c. You know, it costs nothing to open up a python interpreter and check your certainty: x = 10 1 x 20 True This is a _very_ common pattern. class X(object): ... def __lt__(self, other): ... print 'in lt' ... return True ... def __gt__(self, other): ... print 'in gt' ... return True ... x = X() 1 x 20 in gt in lt True 20 x 1 in gt in lt True dmitrey: Diez' advice was the best you received. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: unicode() vs. s.decode()
Thorsten Kampe thors...@thorstenkampe.de wrote: Bollocks. No one will even notice whether a code sequence runs 2.7 or 5.7 seconds. That's completely artificial benchmarking. But that's not what you first claimed: I don't think any measurable speed increase will be noticeable between those two. But please, keep changing your argument so you don't have to admit you were wrong. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python docs disappointing - group effort to hire writers?
Paul Rubin http://phr...@nospam.invalid wrote: Such evaluation would only do them good. The official docs are full of errors and omissions, which is why we have this thread going on here in the newsgroup. And there is a process for reporting and correcting such errors and omissions, which is what I pointed out in my post. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Extracting matrix from a text file
On Aug 8, 2:19 am, bbarb...@inescporto.pt wrote:
I am new in python, and I am running it on Mac with Smultron editor. I
need to read a textfile that includes numbers (in a matrix form),
indexes, and strings, like this:
Marsyas-kea distance matrix for MIREX 2007 Audio Similarity Exchange
Q/R 1 2 3 4 5
1 0 4.54592 4.36685 5.29463 3.85728
2 4.54592 0 3.97667 5.02151 4.64284
3 4.36685 3.97667 0 4.98743 4.83683
4 5.29463 5.02151 4.98743 0 6.04393
5 3.85728 4.64284 4.83683 6.04393 0
So I just want to keep the matrix in the middle for math computations.
0 4.54592 4.36685 5.29463 3.85728
4.54592 0 3.97667 5.02151 4.64284
4.36685 3.97667 0 4.98743 4.83683
5.29463 5.02151 4.98743 0 6.04393
3.85728 4.64284 4.83683 6.04393 0
I've seen and tried a lot of ways, like split or isinstance.. but
never get the wanted result does anyone have an idea, or hint?
Thank you once more for your help!
isinstance? Are you just randomly trying functions hoping they'll
work? :)
Untested code follows:
with open(textfile,'r') as textfile:
header = textfile.next() # skip the header
col_0_size = 8 # cos it does
for line in textfile:
newline = line[col_0_size:] # strip off the index column
columns = newline.split(' ') # will give you a tuple of
strings
one, two, three, four, five = map(float, columns) # turns the
strings into floats
# do whatever you want to those values here
This is fairly standard text handling with Python, if you haven't
already you should really work through the Python tutorial[1],
especially the section on strings [2], and if you have, perhaps David
Mertz's 'Text Processing in Python'[3] may be of use.
1: http://docs.python.org/tutorial/
2: http://docs.python.org/tutorial/introduction.html#strings
3: http://gnosis.cx/TPiP/
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PEP 8 exegetics: conditional imports?
On Aug 8, 2:50 am, kj no.em...@please.post wrote: Conditional imports make sense to me, as in the following example[...] And yet, quoth PEP 8: - Imports are always put at the top of the file, just after any module comments and docstrings, and before module globals and constants. ...which seems to condemn conditional imports unequivocally. Really? It doesn't mention conditionals at all, it simply says that imports should occur before globals and constants, not before conditions. If you want to put conditions around your imports, then that's the place to do it. I seek the wisdom of the elders. Is there a consensus on the matter of conditional imports? Are they righteous? Or are they the way of the wicked? Bear in mind that PEP 8 primarily applies to submissions to the standard library, in order to provide a standard that aids in understanding them. If a module is used throughout a body of code, it's helpful to list these modules at the top of the code, for clarity. However, if a module is only required under exceptional conditions, you'll often see it imported at the point which it's required: as the import occurs near the code, this mitigates the initial requirement somewhat, and reduces the startup time of the code. The style guide also states: But most importantly: know when to be inconsistent -- sometimes the style guide just doesn't apply. When in doubt, use your best judgment. Look at other examples and decide what looks best. And don't hesitate to ask! Checks around imports are often used to provide cross-version compatibility. Embedded imports are often used when the code relying on them is barely used. These are all very common uses. pystone is a good example. Nothing within the modular code of pystone requires sys, it's only imported if the module is executed, primarily for error reporting argument handling. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Extracting matrix from a text file
MRAB pyt...@mrabarnett.plus.com wrote:
Or:
columns = line.split(' ')[1 : ]
Even better, well spotted.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Bug or feature: double strings as one
kj no.em...@please.post wrote: Feature, as others have pointed out, though I fail to see the need for it, given that Python's general syntax for string (as opposed to string literal) concatenation is already so convenient. I.e., I fail to see why x = (first part of a very long string second part of a very long string) is so much better than x = (first part of a very long string + second part of a very long string) My impression is it's mostly for one of clarity. It's especially useful with regular expressions, as it allows for comments to document each element of the regex (following example shamelessly taken from the docs (albeit with personal preferences on formatting))): re.compile( [A-Za-z_] # letter or underscore [A-Za-z0-9_]* # letter, digit or underscore ) Not having the plus sign present does assist (IMO) in the ease of parsing the regex. re.compile( -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: unicode() vs. s.decode()
garabik-news-2005...@kassiopeia.juls.savba.sk wrote: I am not sure I understood that. Must be my English :-) I just parsed it as blah blah blah I won't admit I'm wrong and didn't miss anything substantive. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python docs disappointing - group effort to hire writers?
Kee Nethery k...@kagi.com wrote: I'm looking forward to the acceleration of improvements to the official docs based upon easy to provide user feedback. Glad to see that the bug tracking system is going to not be the primary means for documentation changes. I'm not sure what you see as being fundamentally different between open access to a bug tracker open access to a wiki, other than it being a lot more difficult to have threaded discussion on a wiki. Why exactly is posting an open comment on a bug tracker somehow inferior to posting an open comment on a wiki? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python docs disappointing - group effort to hire writers?
David Robinow drobi...@gmail.com wrote: When one believes that development is controlled by a cabal which is jealous of outsiders and actively prevents improvements to the docs, any change, even if only in perception, helps to weaken the hold of the evil forces holding back the success of Python. Yeah, it's clearly all ego and assholes that's preventing Python from being the enochian equivalent of programming languages :) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is feedparser deprecated?
John Nagle na...@animats.com wrote: Feedparser requires SGMLlib, which has been removed from Python 3.0. Feedparser hasn't been updated since 2007. Does this mean Feedparser is dead? Wouldn't you be better served asking this on the feedparser bug tracker? http://code.google.com/p/feedparser/issues/list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PEP 8 exegetics: conditional imports?
Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: This criterion is unlikely to be met for the examples you give above. time is a built-in module, and gzip a thin wrapper around zlib which is also built-in. This is something I was _utterly_ unaware of. Is there a list of what modules are built-in readily available? The only reference[1] I could find via Google doesn't list zlib at all. [1]: http://www.vldb.informatik.hu-berlin.de/Themen/manuals/python/python-texinfo/built-in_modules.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python docs disappointing - group effort to hire writers?
Kee Nethery wrote: As I struggle through trying to figure out how to make python do simple stuff for me, I frequently generate samples. If some volunteer here would point me towards the documentation that would tell me how I can alter the existing Python docs to include sample code, I'd be more than happy to do so. No offence, but the last thing the official documentation needs is example code written by people learning how to code. Suggest changes, request clarifications, submit samples for review, sure, but direct modification by users? I've seen the PHP docs; thanks but no thanks. I would like to do it. Please point me to the docs that tell me how to do it so that we people with newbie questions and a need for examples can get out of your way and do it ourselves. You start by reading this: http://docs.python.org/documenting/index.html And this: http://www.python.org/dev/contributing/ And this: http://wiki.python.org/moin/WikiGuidelines The first link, which directly answers your question, is clearly listed on the doc contents page as Documenting Python. I'm uncertain how the docs could be made any _more_ helpful if people aren't prepared to put effort into reading them. We're a long way away from direct upload to the brain, unfortunately. If you're learning the language, you should also consider using more appropriate resources: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor http://www.doughellmann.com/PyMOTW/ http://diveintopython.org/ The documentation cannot be all things to all people, and it most certainly can't be a guide to general programming, which is what often seems to be the issue with novice users. Python's a great language to learn how to program in, sure, but I would hate to see that become the focus of the docs. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help with regex
On Aug 7, 1:35 am, Robert Dailey rcdai...@gmail.com wrote:
I'm creating a python script that is going to try to search a text
file for any text that matches my regular expression. The thing it is
looking for is:
FILEVERSION 1,45,10082,3
Would it be easier to do it without regex? The following is untested
but I would probably do it more like this:
TOKEN = 'FILEVERSION '
for line in file:
if line.startswith(TOKEN):
version = line[len(TOKEN):]
maj, min, rev, other = version.split(',')
break # if there's only one occurance, otherwise do stuff here
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python docs disappointing - group effort to hire writers?
Paul Rubin http://phr...@nospam.invalid wrote: The PHP docs as I remember are sort of regular (non-publically editable) doc pages, each of which has a public discussion thread where people can post questions and answers about the topic of that doc page. I thought it worked really well. The main thing is that the good stuff from the comment section gets folded into the actual doc now and then. I'd still like to see this kept out of the official docs as much as possible, mostly for reasons of brevity clarity. I think the official docs should be considered definitive and not require a hermeneutic evaluation against user comments to ensure they're still correct... How about a secondary site that embeds the docs and provides commenting functionality around it? That's certainly a finitely scoped project that those with issues about the docs could establish and contribute to, with the possibility of it gaining official support later once it gains traction. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: trouble with complex numbers
On Aug 5, 4:28 pm, Dr. Phillip M. Feldman pfeld...@verizon.net wrote: When I try to compute the phase of a complex number, I get an error message: [...] Any advice will be appreciated. 1. What version of Python are you using, and on what platform? 2. What you snipped is necessary to help debug your problem. 3. Do you have a cmath.py in the folder you're running the interpreter in? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: intricated functions: how to share a variable
TP tribulati...@paralleles.invalid wrote: Then, as advised Diez, perhaps the best solution is to have true global variables by using a class and defining the variable a as a member self.a of the class. By doing like this, a will be known everywhere. Or, as Bearophile suggested, you could use the standard way of passing arguments into a function: def tutu(): ... a = 2 ... def toto(a=a): ... print 'toto', a ... a = 4 ... print 'toto', a ... print 'tutu', a ... toto() ... print 'tutu', a ... tutu() tutu 2 toto 2 toto 4 tutu 2 You could also just do 'toto(a)', but as you're trying to create a closure here, binding the external scope 'a' to toto via the default argument will (probably) do what you need. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: trouble with complex numbers
Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl wrote: That should be z += 0j Pardon my ignorance, but could anyone explain the rationale behind using 'j' to indicate the imaginary number (as opposed to the more intuitive 'i')? (Not that I've had much call to use complex numbers but I'm curious) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: trouble with complex numbers
On Aug 6, 1:18 am, Scott David Daniels scott.dani...@acm.org wrote: I think it explained in the complex math area, but basically EE types use j, math types use i for exactly the same thing. Since i is so frequently and index in CS, and there is another strong convention, why not let the EE types win? That 'i' tends to be used as index did occur to me, I just wasn't aware of what conventions were used in other contexts. Thanks, Scott, much appreciated. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Subclassing Python's dict
Xavier Ho wrote: You should subclass collections.UserDict, and not the default dict class. Refer to the collections module. Xavier, why do you think that is the correct approach? The docs say The need for this class has been largely supplanted by the ability to subclass directly from dict (a feature that became available starting with Python version 2.2). If you mean that Sergey should subclass _in this instance_ could you please explain why? (Sorry if you already have, I never saw your original post...) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python docs disappointing - group effort to hire writers?
On Aug 4, 3:55 pm, David Lyon david.l...@preisshare.net wrote: It isn't totally about the writers... Peoples egos are also at stake - it seems. Citation please. If Fred X wrote Doc Y.. they don't want their name taken off.. So they generally speaking don't want the docs changed. Ditto. If you talk too much about docs.. you can be told you're OT.. even in a thread about docs... And again. All I've _ever_ seen (on this group at least) is the much repeated phrase All patches to the docs are welcomed. If you'd like to cast aspersions on the characters of those doing the work over actually contributing yourself, you're certainly free to do so, just don't expect your claims to be taken seriously. Other people's refusal to do the work that _you_ consider to be necessary isn't ego. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compiling regex inside function?
Anthra Norell anthra.nor...@bluewin.ch wrote:
def entries (l):
r = re.compile ('([0-9]+) entr(y|ies)')
match = r.search (l)
if match: return match.group (1)
So the question is: does r get regex-compiled once at py-compile time
or repeatedly at entries() run time?
The docs say:
The compiled versions of the most recent patterns passed to re.match
(), re.search() or re.compile() are cached, so programs that use only
a few regular expressions at a time needn’t worry about compiling
regular expressions.
(But they don't say how few is 'only a few'...)
If you're concerned about it, you could always set the compiled
pattern to a default value in the function's argspec, as that _is_
only executed the once:
def entries(line, regex = re.compile('([0-9]+) entr(y|ies)'):
match = regex.search(line)
...
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help understanding the decisions *behind* python?
John Nagle na...@animats.com wrote: Every function returned a tuple as an argument. This had a nice symmetry; function outputs and function inputs had the same form. Mesa was the first language to break through the single return value syntax problem. Python doesn't go that far. I assume here you're referring to the former point and not the latter? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: no-clobber dicts?
Steven D'Aprano ste...@remove.this.cybersource.com.au wrote: I also have a series of unit tests for it if you're interested in them. That's several times today that kj has asked a question and you've responded with ready-to-go code. If this was Stackoverflow, I'd accuse you of reputation-whoring... You _can_ just post your cool code without the double act, y'know! :) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Generate a new object each time a name is imported
On Aug 3, 4:07 am, Terry Reedy tjre...@udel.edu wrote: Peter Otten wrote: Steven D'Aprano wrote: [...] Fantastic question, answer explanation, guys. Well done. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Does underscore has any special built-in meaningin Python ?
On Jul 30, 3:59 am, dandi kain dandi.k...@gmail.com wrote:
What is the functionality of __ or _ , leading or trailing an object ,
class ot function ? Is it just a naming convention to note special
functions and objects , or it really mean someting to Python ?
I think everyone else has covered what you need to know, but there's
still one remaining pseudo-convention you might see in Python code,
and that's using _ as a label to indicate that you don't care about
the value it holds.
Overly simplistic example:
data_set = [('gold','junk'),('gold','junk'),...]
for keep, _ in data_set:
...
It's a convenient way of not having to come up with a label for
something you're not going to use, although arguably you get the same
effect with names like 'dummy', 'ignore' etc. Not everyone agrees with
this usage but you _will_ see it in use in other people's code, so it
helps to have a heads up.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Confessions of a Python fanboy
On Jul 30, 1:06 pm, r rt8...@gmail.com wrote:
1.) No need to use () to call a function with no arguments.
Python -- obj.m2().m3() --ugly
Ruby -- obj.m1.m2.m3 -- sweeet!
Man, i must admit i really like this, and your code will look so much
cleaner.
How do you distinguish between calling a method with no arguments, and
getting access to the method object itself (because it _is_ an object,
y'know, it's OO all the way down...)?
2.) the .each method
container.each{|localVar| block}
This method can really cleanup some ugly for loops, although i really
like the readability of for loops.
map(lambda localVar: block, sequence)
or:
def usefully_named_func(var):
block
return var
transformed = [usefully_named_func(v) for v in sequence]
3.) true OOP
Now before you go and get all huffy over this statement, hear me
out. Python is the best language in the world. But it damn sure has
some warts! len(this) instead of obj.length max(that) instead of
[1,2,3,4,5].max().
As the Zen says: '[P]racticality beats purity'. Personally, I'm not
sure how a handful of convenient built-in functions make a language in
which _everything is an object_ somehow false OO.
If you're really that concerned with writing true OO (for some
wildly variable value of true), there's nothing stopping you from
doing so now:
obj.__len__()
With max(), this is a built-in that takes _any_ iterable and an
optional key function, and returns the highest value as per the key.
This means that _every_ iterable object - as _well_ as every object
that supports enough of the iterator protocol - can be handed to max()
and a result obtained. So at best, I just need to make sure my new
sequence-type provides the iterator protocol and viola, it works with
max() without me having to hand-code a .max() that's specialised for
my new type, and without Python forcing me to have a complex
inheritance chain just to make sure I include the right
MaxableSequence ancestor to inherit the right .max().
PS stay tuned for more from this series
Is this going to be more of you telling us - without any apparent
irony whatsoever - how Ruby has some valid points after all your
vilification last year when we said the same to you? If so, where can
I sign up?!
(You should consider trading guest spot posts with Xah Lee on your
respective blogs. You both have a very similar approach to programming
programming languages and I think the synergy would be amazing to
see.)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: IDLE Config Problems
On Jul 30, 6:55 am, Russ Davis russ.da...@njpines.state.nj.us wrote: I am just getting started with Python and have installed v. 2.5.4 Idle version 1.2.4 I can't seem to get the idle to display text. It seems as if the install went fine. I start up the idle and the screen is blank. No text. It seems as if I can type on the screen but I just can't see the characters. Is this the official python.org distribution you're trying? I can't speak from experience, but I'm wondering if it doesn't include the pyreadline module by default, which you'll require under Windows (although I would've expected to hear more problems like your's if this is the case). You can easily check this by going to C: \Python25\Lib\site-packages and looking for a folder or a file called pyreadline. If it's not, you'll have to install it separately. If you're not already familiar with it, I do recommend checking out the ActiveState ActivePython distribution instead, especially if you're working under Windows. It includes a lot of Windows-specific 3rd party modules, such as the win32all modules, and it definitely includes pyreadline. Is there any particular reason why you're opting for Python 2.5.x? 2.6 should be pretty compatible with most things in the 2.x stream and it's a handy stepping stone towards using 3.x (which, admittedly, is probably the last of your concerns when you're first setting up...) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Ideas for problem with chat server application!
On Jul 22, 6:27 pm, David Adamo Jr. dtgead...@yahoo.com wrote: Suggestions are highly appreciated. I haven't used it but I've heard good things about FireDaemon, which can run any script or program as a Windows service. Apparently the Lite version is free: http://www.download-freeware-shareware.com/Freeware-System-Utilities.php?Type=14387 Hope this helps. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xb7' in position 13: ordinal not in range(128)
On Jul 16, 9:00 pm, akhil1988 akhilan...@gmail.com wrote: I have switched to python 3.1 , but now I am getting some syntax errors in the code: Python 3.x was a major release that endeavoured to clean up a number of lingering issues with the language, the upshot being that it isn't entirely backwards compatible with past versions. Unicode became the default string type, which is what is causing the error here: the u- prefix is no longer required (or even allowed). However, Py3.x _does_ come with a handy tool for automatically converting Python 2.x code to 3.x, called 2to3. One of the things it should do is convert Py2.x unicode values into their correct representation in 3.x. With any luck, it should be able to convert the code you're using entirely. Let us know how it goes. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: turtle dump
On Jul 16, 9:18 pm, superpollo u...@example.net wrote:
lol. ;-) the title was indeed supposed to stir a bit of curiosity upon
the reader...
Which isn't really useful when trying to obtain assistance... you want
certainty, not curiosity.
in fact i was looking for a *platform independent* way to draw into a
graphics file (say, a postscript or a png) using the turtle module. so i
understand that dumping a window is not a good expression... maybe
redirecting graphics commands to a file instead of a window?
You didn't actually answer Diez question. The turtle module is only a
recent (2.6/3.0) addition to Python and is probably obscure enough not
to have tracked across everyone's radar.
So _if_ you're talking about the standard lib turtle module, you're
not looking to 'dump a window', you're looking to write the contents
of turtle.Canvas to file. Canvas only supports writing to postscript,
so you'll have to do something like this (untested):
import turtle
screen = turtle.Screen()
# go go gadget turtle...
screen._canvas.postscript(file='turtle.ps')
Or it may be open('turtle.ps','w').write(screen._canvas.postscript
())... I couldn't find a definitive answer. Try looking through the Tk
docs, it should be covered there.
Note that this is a postscript _text_ file, so you'll also need to
find something to render it with.
Hope this helps point you in the right direction.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: turtle dump
On Jul 16, 10:11 pm, superpollo u...@example.net wrote: actually i am still using 2.3.4, which means that... screen = turtle.Screen() ... is not possible Ah, sorry about that. My belief that turtle was a new module was based on a line from http://us.pycon.org/media/2009/talkdata/PyCon2009/065/SevenWaysToUseTurtle-PyCon2007.pdf Since Python 2.6/3.0, Python has had a new turtle module. At which point I stopped reading and missed the following line: Its development was based entirely on the previous one. In my defence, I _had_ been drinking. Thankfully Peter stepped up with a more appropriate solution, and Michiel pointed out the more suitable API calls over dealing directly with the underlying implementation :) Good work guys! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: turtle dump
Help on method postscript: postscript(self, *args, **kw) method of turtle.ScrolledCanvas instance is spectacularly useless. This is from interactive help. The help in iPython says the same, but also mentions that it's a dynamically generated function, so it may not be picking up the docstring that way. turtle.ScrolledCanvas.postscript is similarly terse, but you can find more info in turtle.Canvas.postscript: Print the contents of the canvas to a postscript file. Valid options: colormap, colormode, file, fontmap, height, pageanchor, pageheight, pagewidth, pagex, pagey, rotate, witdh, x, y. The doc says Return the Canvas of this TurtleScreen. Useful for insiders who know what to do with a Tkinter Canvas. The module is a bit messy, but the accompanying documentation seems OK to me. ?? I am not an 'insider' ;-). I don't think the intent of the turtle module is to be a primer in Tk, but more of an educational tool. The lack of image export niceties has a lot to do with the limitations of Tk, but was probably (and I'm conjecturing here) felt to be outside the scope of what the module aims to achieve. Of Canvas, mostly methods. I can understand that no one who could write decent doc strings for the 100 methods has actually volunteered to do so. I think they all _have_ doc strings, or at least the code they eventually call does, but I'd have to look into the module itself to see if they could be brought over dynamically. You may be interested in the final page of Greg Lingl's PyCon talk, Seven Ways to use Turtle[1] which states: The turtle module is designed in a way so that essentially all of the turtle graphics machinery is based on a class TurtleScreenBase, which provides the interface to the underlying graphics toolkit Tkinter. So it‘s easy to port turtle.py to different graphics toolkits/ libraries, simply by replacing this Tkinter base class with an appropriate different one. I‘ve done two ports: Pygame Jython If you're after bitmap, I'd suggest contacting Greg and asking about the Pygame port. His contact info can be found at the original site for the revised turtle module[2], hopefully it's still up to date. 1: us.pycon.org/media/2009/talkdata/PyCon2009/065/SevenWaysToUseTurtle- PyCon2007.pdf 2: http://xturtle.rg16.at/download.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: one more question
amr...@iisermohali.ac.in wrote: I tried but its not coming. How much are you prepared to pay for help with this? Or are you just asking us to do all the work for you? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: one more question
On Jul 15, 4:50 pm, alex23 wuwe...@gmail.com wrote: amr...@iisermohali.ac.in wrote: I tried but its not coming. How much are you prepared to pay for help with this? Or are you just asking us to do all the work for you? Or to be a _little_ less blunt: if you want people here to _assist_ you with _your_ code, then post what you've tried here, along with tracebacks if errors are occurring, or an explanation as to what it isn't doing that you require. Spawning a new thread restating your question every time someone suggests you RTFM isn't the best way to show that you're actually trying to solve this issue yourself. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Can module tell if running from interpreter vs Windows command line ?
On Jul 16, 10:41 am, alex23 wuwe...@gmail.com wrote: It's recommended that you search through the list for similar questions before posting. Of course, it's even MORE important that one actually ensures they're responding to the _same_ question before pointing at an answer... This older post should help: http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_frm/thread/6c587ba377ae045a/0df10b077f5ee5d4 But the quick answer is to import sys into your program, and do a test on hasattr(sys, 'ps1'), which is only created when running the interactive prompt. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Can module tell if running from interpreter vs Windows command line ?
On Jul 16, 10:07 am, pdlem...@earthlink.net wrote: The WConio console module produces different colors, sometimes quite different, when run from Windows command line vs from Python interpreter . A good foregnd/backgnd combination under one may be unreadable under the other : ( I'm using Python 3.0 with the corresponding WConio on XP. Is there any way for the module to detect under which it has been started ? Thanks It's recommended that you search through the list for similar questions before posting. This was covered just yesterday: http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_frm/thread/fb2f075ccc796b63# -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: one more question
On Jul 15, 5:51 pm, koranthala koranth...@gmail.com wrote: I am not saying that what you said was wrong, only that I felt that she got tense looking up regular expressions. So a python reply which basically does the basic checking without going to re etc might be more helpful for her to start her own coding. Using regexps wasn't the only advice given, and string manipulation is covered well in pretty much every tutorial I've taken a look at. The issue is that no evidence was shown that the OP was even trying to resolve this themself, and the new posting of the question every time an unsatisfactory answer was provided doesn't give me any faith they were endeavouring to do this at all. It's annoying seeing these stone soup attempts at coding come through here, whether its to answer someone's homework or to do someone's job for them. If the end result has value to the poster, I expect to see either effort on their behalf or at least a nominal attempt to reward others for their time. But if you want to do their work for them, I don't think anyone here would object, especially if you both took it to private correspondence. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Can module tell if running from interpreter vs Windows command line ?
On Jul 16, 12:56 pm, Asun Friere afri...@yahoo.co.uk wrote:
As you note there, this will work when running the vanilla shell (ie
running it from the command line), but not (potentially) in other
interactive environments (IronPython being the example you give).
Actually, that was IPython, which is an enhanced interactive prompt,
and a totally different beastie altogether :)
Another instance: there is not sys.ps1 when running a python shell
under idle. Since this solution differs whether the interactive
session is taking place from the cmd line, idle, IronPython etc. it
seems to me not terribly robust.
Well, none of {idle, IronPython, IPython} were specified by the OP AND
you're citing back what I myself wrote in the link to which I also
referred the OP - whom has subsequently posted his success with this
technique - so I'm not really sure what the point is here other than
if you have a different use case, you'll need a different
solution...
Depending on the use case, it is of course easy to tell whether the
module was executed on the command line, or imported (from an
interactive shell or another script) using the __name__ trick. (eg.
is_imported = __name__ == '__main__')
That should be:
is_imported = __name__ != '__main__'
And such a test is all well and good if the main code body is the one
that needs to know about the execution mode, but if you need to know
under which conditions the program is being run within a module
imported by the main body, well, that check is _always_ going to be
true...
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: does python have a generic object pool like commons-pool in Java
On Jul 16, 2:03 pm, John Nagle na...@animats.com wrote: fcgi is an option for this sort of thing. With mod_fcgi installed in Apache, and fcgi.py used to manage the Python side of the problem, you can have semi-persistent programs started up and shut down for you on the server side. Hey John, The environments in which I've been asked to develop webs apps using Python have all utilised mod_wsgi. Do you have any experience with mod_wsgi vs mod_fcgi, and if so, can you comment on any relevant performance / capability / ease-of-use differences? Cheers, alex23 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: one more question
On Jul 16, 2:29 pm, koranthala koranth...@gmail.com wrote: It is not that I do want to do the work for them. It is just that I was in the same position just 6 months back. My first pieces of code were very poor - full of errors and quite horrible indeed. I was even afraid to post it anywhere. I came here, and I found so much helpful people who helped me out so much, that I think my coding has improved a little bit. So, I just thought that we should always give people the benefit of doubt. Which is why I waited until the 5th repeated post on the topic before commenting. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: explode()
Fred Atkinson fatkin...@mishmash.com wrote: I wish the Python site was as well written as the PHP site. On the PHP site, I can look up a command and they show not only the docs on that command but a list of all other commands associated with it. Hey Fred, My problem is the complete opposite, I wish I could as easily interrogate objects in PHP about their behaviour as I can Python :) In case you're not familiar with this, you can see what methods are attached to an object using the intepreter via dir() and see the associated docstring for them via help(). Try looking at 'dir(str)' for a list of methods that strings recognise, then 'help(str.join)' to see the help on join. This is such a handy ability to have that I miss this casual introspection in everything else in which I'm required to develop. Hope this helps. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to use Python to interface with Web pages?
On Jul 8, 1:18 pm, Peter peter.milli...@gmail.com wrote: I can see the web-page source - it looks to be javascript (to my untutored eye :-)). But how do I enter data and simulated mouse presses on a web-page that I have accessed via a Python program? [...] I have (in the past) written some python to scoop data off web-sites but I have never written anything that interactively interacts with the web-page contents and don't know where to even start on this one. I don't have much experience with it, but for interacting with javascript-heavy pages you might want to take a look at Selenium: http://seleniumhq.org/ http://pypi.python.org/pypi/selenium http://jimmyg.org/blog/2009/getting-started-with-selenium-and-python.html http://joker.linuxstuff.pl/documentation/make_selenium It's primarily aimed at testing web app UIs, but if it allows for values to be passed into tests then 'test' == 'action' in terms of your requirements. Hope this helps. - alex23 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Remoting over SSH
On Jul 8, 12:46 am, Hussein B hubaghd...@gmail.com wrote: I want to perform commands on a remote server over SSH. What do I need? Take a look at pexpect: http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/pexpect.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A Bug By Any Other Name ...
On Jul 6, 5:56 pm, Tim Golden m...@timgolden.me.uk wrote: Gabriel Genellina wrote: In this case, a note in the documentation warning about the potential confusion would be fine. The difficulty here is knowing where to put such a warning. You obviously can't put it against the ++ operator as such because... there isn't one. You could put it against the unary plus operator, but who's going to look there? :) The problem is: where do you stop? If you're going to add something to the documentation to address every expectation someone might hold coming from another language, the docs are going to get pretty big. I think a language should be intuitive within itself, but not be required to be intuitable based on _other_ languages (unless, of course, that's an objective of the language). If I expect something in language-A to operate the same way as completely-unrelated-language-B, I'd see that as a failing on my behalf, especially if I hadn't read language-A's documentation first. I'm not adverse to one language being _explained_ in terms of another, but would much prefer to see those relegated to Python for x programmers articles rather than in the main docs themselves. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Basic question from pure beginner
Dennis Lee Bieber wlfr...@ix.netcom.com wrote: There is also the getpass module to play with! I don't think I've ever seen getpass, so thanks for pointing that out. Unfortunately, it wouldn't have helped the OP understand why his original code wasn't working ;) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Accessing windows structures through ctypes.
On Jul 2, 3:42 pm, Rajat rajat.dud...@gmail.com wrote: Using ctypes can I access the windows structures like: PROCESS_INFORMATION_BLOCK, Process Environment Block(PEB), PEB_LDR_DATA, etc? ctypes.wintypes lists all of the Windows structures included with the module. You should be able to use ctypes.Structure class to roll your own: http://docs.python.org/library/ctypes.html#structured-data-types http://code.activestate.com/recipes/208699/ http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684855(VS.85).aspx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Basic question from pure beginner
On Jul 1, 3:38 pm, sato.ph...@gmail.com sato.ph...@gmail.com
wrote:
I have been able to make the module quit after entering a password
three times, but can't get it to quit right away after the correct one
is entered.
Not with the code you pasted, you haven't. There's a missing colon on
line 7 line 9 isn't indented properly. It's always best if we're
referring to the same source when trying to help with a problem.
The problem you're having, though, has to do with the while loop and
the fact that it's only checking one condition: has the 'count'
counter been incremented to 3. What you need to do is _also_ check for
the success condition:
is_confirmed = False
while count != 3 or is_confirmed:
guess = raw_input(Enter your password: )
guess = str(guess)
if guess != password:
print Access Denied
count = count + 1
else:
print Password Confirmed
is_confirmed = True
This also provides you with a nice boolean that shows whether or not
the password was confirmed, which may be useful for latter code.
However, whenever you want to loop a set number of times, it's usually
better to use a 'for' loop instead:
PASSWORD = 'qwerty'
MAXRETRY = 3
for attempt in xrange(MAXRETRY):
guess = str(raw_input('Enter your password: '))
is_complete = guess == PASSWORD
if is_complete:
print 'Password confirmed'
break # this exits the for loop
else:
print 'Access denied: attempt %s of %s' % (attempt+1, MAXRETRY)
This saves you from the burden of creating, incrementing testing
your own counter.
If there's anything here that isn't clear, please don't hesitate to
ask.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using Python to set desktop background image under Windows XP
On Jul 2, 8:02 am, ELLINGHAUS, LANCE lance.ellingh...@hp.com wrote: Does anyone have any code that would allow setting the desktop background image under Windows XP? It's amazing what typing python windows desktop into Google will find you: http://snippets.dzone.com/posts/show/3348 Any other searches you'd like us to do? (Also: please post a new message instead of replying to an existing one and changing the subject, it screws up threading) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting input the scanf way
On Jul 1, 6:33 pm, Mr.SpOOn mr.spoo...@gmail.com wrote: I need to do some kind of interactive command line program. I mean: I run the program, it asks me for input, I type something and then I get the output or other questions. I'm not sure what is the right way to achieve this. While the simplest way would be raw_input print, as suggested, there's also the cmd[1] module in the stdlib, which is what the standard CPython interpreter uses, I believe. [1]: http://docs.python.org/library/cmd.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Open Source RSS Reader in Python?
On Jul 2, 9:18 am, Alex alex.lavoro.pro...@gmail.com wrote: I am looking for an open source RSS reader (desktop, not online) written in Python but in vain. I am not looking for a package but a fully functional software. Google: python open source (rss OR feeds) reader Any clue ? It's always worth taking a look at PyPI. Some packages work perfectly well as stand alone applications. http://pypi.python.org/pypi?%3Aaction=searchterm=rsssubmit=search These two look promising: + NewsFeed (Tk-based): http://home.arcor.de/mdoege/newsfeed/ + urssus (QT-based): http://code.google.com/p/urssus/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Basic question from pure beginner
On Jul 2, 3:47 am, Scott David Daniels scott.dani...@acm.org wrote:
And even simpler:
PASSWORD = qwerty
MAXRETRY = 3
for attempt in range(MAXRETRY):
if raw_input('Enter your password: ') == PASSWORD:
print 'Password confirmed'
break # this exits the for loop
print 'Access denied: attempt %s of %s' % (attempt+1, MAXRETRY)
else:
# The else for a for statement is not executed for breaks,
# So indicates the end of testing without a match
raise SystemExit # Or whatever you'd rather do.
Nice one, I always forget about for-else :)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: handeling very large dictionaries
On Jun 29, 9:13 am, mclovin hanoo...@gmail.com wrote: Is there something like it that is more flexible? Have you seen the stdlib module 'shelve'? http://docs.python.org/library/shelve.html It creates a persistent file-based dictionary, which can hold any type of object as long as it can be pickled. I really like the 3rd party module 'shove': http://pypi.python.org/pypi/shove It's similar to shelve but provides many more backend options, including dbs, svn and Amazon S3. Very handy. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: pep 8 constants
Eric S. Johansson e...@harvee.org wrote: no, I know the value if convention when editors can't tell you anything about the name in question. I would like to see more support for disabled programmers like myself and the thousands of programmers injured every year and forced to leave the field. seriously, there is no money in disability access especially for programmers. Well, if we can't use conventions like uppercasing, camelcasing and underscoring, what are you recommending we do instead? You seem to be asking us to change our behaviour to benefit only others, but without offering any guidance on to how that is possible. More importantly, shouldn't these modifications to common conventions be coming _from_ the community of disabled programmers? I have a hard time ensuring that I've gotten accurate requirements from co-workers with whom I can actually see and speak, trying to determine how I could write my code with accessibility in mind without any established means of gauging success just seems impossible. and forgive me if this comes off sounding like a jerk but if the collective you don't give a sh** about your fellow programmers, who will? This isn't intended to be callous, as I feel that the collective doesn't care as a whole about _any_ programmers, but isn't the answer the very same disabled programmers for whom accessibility is an issue? Programming tends to be needs driven (which, admittedly, can be simply to pay the bills), and those who have a need tend to be better at working out how to address it. One possibility may be to approach a group for whom accessibility is already a consideration, such as the Gnome Accessibility Project: http://live.gnome.org/GAP As they are already developing Python-based accessibility tools for Gnome - http://live.gnome.org/Accessibility/PythonPoweredAccessibility - it wouldn't be a big stretch to start addressing coding accessibility within that scope, either as part of the project or as an independent adjunct to it, especially if someone with domain knowledge volunteered ;) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: object reincarnation
On Jun 11, 5:34 am, Manavan manava...@gmail.com wrote: Since the real world objects often needs to be deleted even if they have some reference from some other object [...] From this it sounds like you're trying to implement some form of weak referencing. Are you familiar with weakref? A weak reference to an object is not enough to keep the object alive: when the only remaining references to a referent are weak references, garbage collection is free to destroy the referent and reuse its memory for something else. A primary use for weak references is to implement caches or mappings holding large objects, where it’s desired that a large object not be kept alive solely because it appears in a cache or mapping. http://docs.python.org/library/weakref.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: TypeError: int argument required
On Jun 12, 1:56 pm, lucius lucius.fo...@gmail.com wrote: w, h, absX, absY = result.group(3), result.group(4), result.group (5), result.group(6) w = 100 h = 200 absX = 10.0 absY = 20.0 Are you sure those values are ints floats? I would expect your regexp would be returning strings... Try replacing the %f %d strsubs with %s and see if that works. (You shouldn't need to typecast the values if you're just reinserting them into a string...) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: random number including 1 - i.e. [0,1]
On Jun 10, 3:24 pm, John Yeung gallium.arsen...@gmail.com wrote: Alex, did you bother to read what I quoted? Paul McGuire suggested an alternative in case the OP was choosing integers in a roundabout way. I was merely pointing out that Paul's solution can be more simply achieved using a library function. My apologies, John. I *did* read the quote, my brain just didn't parse it correctly. Sorry about that :) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: random number including 1 - i.e. [0,1]
On Jun 10, 11:32 am, John Yeung gallium.arsen...@gmail.com wrote: On Jun 9, 8:39 pm, Paul McGuire pt...@austin.rr.com wrote: Are you trying to generate a number in the range [0,n] by multiplying a random function that returns [0,1] * n? If so, then you want to do this using: int(random.random()*(n+1)) This will give equal chance of getting any number from 0 to n. Better still is simply random.randint(0, n) There's a big difference between randint - which generates _integers_ in the range 0 n - and the OPs request for generating random floating point values between inclusive of 0 n. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Start the interactive shell within an application
On Jun 10, 1:40 am, Ben Charrow bchar...@csail.mit.edu wrote: If you're looking to debug your program, try import pdb Another option, if you wish to debug an error, is to run python using the -i parameter. This will leave you inside the interpreter at the point that execution stops. Very handy. - alex23 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: .pth files and figuring out valid paths..
On Jun 10, 8:00 am, rh0dium steven.kl...@gmail.com wrote: Apparently there is a problem with the if statement??? Try restructuring the if as a ternary condition: import os, site; smsc = os.environ.get(TECHROOT, /home/tech); smsc = smsc if os.path.isdir(smsc) else /home/tech; site.addsitedir (os.path.join(smsc, tools/python/Linux/%arch/lib/python2.5/site- packages)) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is there any module for sea tides?
alejandro aleksanda...@brisiovonet.hr wrote: I found some in C but could not find in Python The best I could find was a reference to some in-house code used by the US National Oceanoic Atmospheric Association: http://tinyurl.com/mct9zz You might be able to contact the email address at the bottom and inquire about the code. Another alternative is to look into using the ctypes module to create bindings for the C libs you found... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: try except inside exec
Michele Petrazzo michele.petra...@remove_me_unipex.it wrote:
I want to execute a python code inside a string and so I use the exec
statement. The strange thing is that the try/except couple don't catch
the exception and so it return to the main code.
Is there a solution to convert or make this code work?
My code:
STR =
err = 0
try:
def a_funct():
1/0
except:
import traceback
err = traceback.format_exc()
env = {}
exec STR in env
env[a_funct]()
print env[err]
Hello Michele,
From your code, I'm not sure if you're aware that functions are
themselves objects within Python. You could avoid the use of exec
entirely by doing something like the following:
import traceback
class FuncTester(object):
def __init__(self, function):
self.function = function
def test(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.result, self.error = None, None
try:
self.result = self.function(*args, **kwargs)
success = True
except:
self.error = traceback.format_exc()
success = False
return success
def f(x): return 'f does this: %s' % x
...
ft = FuncTester(f) # note that we're referring to the function directly
ft.test('foo')
True
ft.result
'f does this: foo'
ft.test()
False
print ft.error
Traceback (most recent call last):
File tester.py, line 10, in test
self.result = self.function(*args, **kwargs)
TypeError: f() takes exactly 1 argument (0 given)
I think you'll find this approach to be a lot more flexible than using
exec.
Hope this helps,
alex23
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compiling and transporting modules/libraries in python
On May 31, 2:27 am, Abe abeg...@gmail.com wrote: I use python at a home office and in a university computer lab, but I don't have the administrative rights to install libraries on the lab computers. It would be really nice if there were a way I could put, say, all of numpy into a file my_numpy.pyc and treat it as a single (large) module. You should be able to use virtualenv to provide this functionality: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv Create the environment you want on your home computer, then copy it wholesale to your lab computer or even use it directly from a USB device. You might also want to look into one of the portable Python set ups. This way you can have a fully portable environment that you control completely: Portable Python: http://www.portablepython.com/ Movable Python: http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/movpy/ Hope this helps. alex23 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What text editor is everyone using for Python
On May 26, 3:01 pm, Steven D'Aprano ste...@remove.this.cybersource.com.au wrote: I dislike Gnome's user-interface, and I find gedit slightly too underpowered and dumbed down for my taste. (Although it has a couple of nice features.) Gedit is also nicely extensible: http://www.instructables.com/id/Using-Gedit-as-a-Python-IDE/ Not that I'm trying to change your editor, preferences are just that :) (I tend to alternate between gvim, SPE and Komodo Edit...) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How can i use Spread Sheet as Data Store
On May 19, 11:57 pm, D'Arcy J.M. Cain da...@druid.net wrote: I hear you but I'm not so sure that that is an absolute. There are many applications that allow you to have your password emailed to you. For something with low risk that's perfectly acceptable. Having -any- password stored in plaintext is unacceptable. I'm pretty sure I'm not the only person who uses a simple algorithm to generate passwords based on context. If you're running a site and you're not going to bother to secure my credentials, I'd hope you'd at least mention that at sign up so I could adjust my behaviour as appropriate. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: strip char from list of strings
On May 20, 12:55 am, Laurent Luce laurentluc...@yahoo.com wrote:
I had a simple loop stripping each string but I was looking for
something concise and efficient. I like the following answer:
x = [s.rstrip('\n') for s in x]
Your initial requirement stated that you needed this to happen in-
place. What you're doing here is creating a completely new list and
then assigning it to x. While this is most likely what you want, note
that this will not update any other reference to that list:
x = ['test\n', 'test2\n', 'test3\n']
y = x
x = [s.rstrip() for s in x]
x
['test', 'test2', 'test3']
y
['test\n', 'test2\n', 'test3\n']
To perform the same operation in-place, you can use the slice operator
to assign to the list object rather than to the label:
x = ['test\n', 'test2\n', 'test3\n']
y = x
x[:] = [s.rstrip() for s in x] # note the slice operator
x
['test', 'test2', 'test3']
y
['test', 'test2', 'test3']
The latter example is especially important if you have more than one
reference to the list you're modifying and wish them all to have the
updated value.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to convert a list of strings to a tuple of floats?
On May 18, 5:51 pm, boblat...@googlemail.com
boblat...@googlemail.com wrote:
['1.1', '2.2', '3.3'] - (1.1, 2.2, 3.3)
Currently I'm disassembling the list by hand, like this:
fields = line.split('; ')
for x in range(len(fields)):
fields[x] = float(fields[x])
ftuple = tuple(fields)
Of course it works, but it looks inelegant. Is there a more Pythonisch
way of doing this? In C I'd just use sscanf.
Either:
ftuple = tuple(map(float, fields))
Or the BDFL-endorsed:
ftuple = tuple(float(f) for f in fields)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: http://orbited.org/ - anybody using it?
On May 18, 9:14 am, Aljosa Mohorovic aljosa.mohoro...@gmail.com wrote: can anybody comment onhttp://orbited.org/? is it an active project? does it work? I have no idea about your second question but looking at PyPI,the module was last updated on the 9th of this much, so I'd say it's very much an active project: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/orbited/0.7.9 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: x.abc vs x['abc']
On May 14, 5:49 am, Gunter Henriksen gunterhenrik...@gmail.com wrote: Presuming it is very common to have objects created on the fly using some sort of external data definitions, is there an obvious common standard way to take a dict object and create an object whose attribute names are the keys from the dict? I've always liked this approach, which I first saw in a post by Alex Martelli: class Bunch(object): ... def __init__(self, **kwargs): ... self.__dict__.update(kwargs) ... b = Bunch(a=1,b=2,c=3) b.a 1 b.b 2 b.d = 22 b.d 22 Elegant. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: OS X: How to play .wav file w/Python?
On May 12, 11:55 am, kj so...@987jk.com.invalid wrote: import pygame.mixer pygame.mixer.init() pygame.mixer.Sound(bell.wav).play print done What am I doing wrong? Your first mistake is not pasting here the traceback you received. That always makes it easier to assist with problems like this. However, my guess is it's this line: pygame.mixer.Sound(bell.wav).play 'play' is a method, which means you need to call it. Try the following instead: pygame.mixer.Sound(bell.wav).play() And let us know how that goes :) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: OOP Abstract Classes
On May 12, 1:22 am, Mike Driscoll kyoso...@gmail.com wrote: I've never used (or heard of) the Abstract type...and the guy who wrote the FAQ was being a jerk. It looks like he was just throwing in an undefined variable name just to make his Python program break while taking a pot shot at people who use that sort of thing. Whatever. The IAQ's entry on Abstract classes predates the introduction of Abstract Base Classes to Python 2.6/3.0. Rather than being a jerk, the example shows how to produce similar behaviour without code AS WELL as demonstrating a more extended approach. (You're not breaking your program if the behaviour is intentional...) Hopefully someone who has used Abstract classes will jump in here and give you more information about whether or not they matter in Python. Abstract classes are one mechanism for defining interfaces, but as we've covered it's not the only approach that can be taken. I've always been happy defining abstract methods using 'raise NotImplementedError', but clearly the ABC approach is perceived as having value otherwise it would never have been introduced into 2.6/3.0. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Importing from a module which contains more than one Class...
GKalman kalma...@msn.com wrote: from MyClass import * from MyOtherClass import * # error msg: no such module! As I mentioned above, the code for MyClass MyOtherClass is in the same file . This program only works with a single Class in a file. That is when the File name is the SAME as the Class name. How to import from a File which contains more than one (unrelated) Classes? You seem to have misunderstood how 'import' works, I strongly recommend re-reading the tutorial section: http://docs.python.org/tutorial/modules.html Basically, the import statement has two forms: 1. from module import contents 2. import module So your example of 'from classname import *' just doesn't make a lot of sense within Python. If MyClass.py contains two classes, MyClass and MyOtherClass, you should be able to import them with: from MyClass import MyClass, MyOtherClass However, you _should_ be already getting _everything_ MyClass.py contains as you're using the grab-all asterisk. Could you open a python shell in your Module_Class folder, type 'from MyClass import MyClass, MyOtherClass', and past whatever traceback you get here? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: free chart lib for Python?
On May 8, 12:27 pm, oyster lepto.pyt...@gmail.com wrote: is there such a thing with many kinds of chart, i.e. pie-chart, line-chart, ..? The best place to look is PyPI, there are several possible candidates there: http://pypi.python.org/pypi?%3Aaction=searchterm=chartssubmit=search I've had a lot of success with the Python Google Chart module: http://pygooglechart.slowchop.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: list comprehension question
On May 6, 2:10 pm, Steven D'Aprano ste...@remove.this.cybersource.com.au wrote: It's precisely the indentation and colons (plus newlines) that makes nested for-loops easier to read than list-comps with multiple fors. You can get back *nearly* all the readability by splitting the list comp into multiple lines: It was less the overall readability I was commenting on, and more the claim that the listcomp required a 'back-and-forth' parsing to understand. As you've reinforced, the listcomp can be readily converted back to the multiple-line form by the inclusion of colons EOL markers, which means you can make as much sequential sense from a listcomp as you can a for-loop. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: list comprehension question
On May 6, 4:01 am, J. Cliff Dyer j...@sdf.lonestar.org wrote: The way you have to bounce your eyes back and forth in the comprehension makes it hard to read the logic. With the loop, on the other hand it is blatantly obvious which way the nesting occurs. [ item for j in a if len(j)==2 for item in j if item % 2 ] ...opposed to... for j in a: ... if len(j)==2: ... for item in j: ... if item % 2: ... b.append(item) ... Much nicer. Thank you. Apart from the presence of 'item' at the beginning of the list comprehension as opposed to 'b.append(item)' at the end of the for- loop, how exactly does the listcomp force you to bounce [..] back and forth to follow the logic? The only other difference between the two is in the layout - the indentation colons - otherwise they're structurally identical. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: for with decimal values?
On May 4, 11:41 am, Esmail ebo...@hotmail.com wrote: All this discussion makes me wonder if it would be a good idea for Python to have this feature (batteries included and all) - it would have its uses, no? Well, sometimes more discussion == less consensus :) But it's really easy to roll your own: from decimal import Decimal def args2dec(fn): '''*args to Decimal decorator''' float2dec = lambda f: Decimal(str(f)) def _args2dec(*args): args = map(float2dec, args) return fn(*args) return _args2dec @args2dec def drange(start, stop, step): while start stop: yield start start += step -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import and package confusion
On May 1, 4:24 pm, Arnaud Delobelle arno...@googlemail.com wrote:
It's a challenge to do it in a list comprehension, but here it is!
data
'AAABCDD'
field_sizes
[3, 5, 9, 2]
[data[i:j] for j in [0] for s in field_sizes for i, j in [(j, j+s)]]
['AAA', 'B', 'C', 'DD']
Ugh. I know using a listcomp was the point but I find using struct so
much more elegant.
import struct
data = 'AAABCDD'
format = '3s5s9s2s'
struct.unpack(format, data)
('AAA', 'B', 'C', 'DD')
Friends don't let friends abuse list comprehensions.
I made sure the code works this time :)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import and package confusion
On Apr 30, 1:10 pm, Dale Amon a...@vnl.com wrote: I do not really see any other way to do what I want. If there is a way to get rid of the exec in the sample code I have used, I would love to know... but I can't see how to import something where part of the name comes from user command line input without interpreting the code via exec. Are you familiar with __import__? iotypes = [WINGTL,VLMPC,VLM4997] for iotype in iotypes: packagename = VLMLegacy. + iotype + .Conditions classname = iotype + _Conditions module = __import__(packagename) cls = getattr(module, classname) # etc Much cleaner :) And far more secure: any time you think user input AND exec, you're probably going in the wrong direction... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import and package confusion
On Apr 30, 5:33 pm, Gabriel Genellina gagsl-...@yahoo.com.ar wrote: (doesn't work as written, because [...] Man, I don't get Python... I can write a program that runs properly on the first try but every time I post untested code to c.l.p I regret it... Thanks, Gabriel :) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: command prompt history filtered by initial letters
On May 1, 8:01 am, limit todd.les...@gmail.com wrote: How do I get this command history filter working on the centos install? I see that ctrl-r allows history search. That is the workaround. If you can, try installing using iPython instead: http://ipython.scipy.org/ Along with a wealth of other useful features, it provides exactly the kind of history behaviour you're looking for. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Web framework for embedded system
On Apr 30, 3:32 am, Thomas Heller thel...@python.net wrote: I'm very happy to see that these frameworks deliver ~10 pages per second (cherrypy) or ~3.5 pages per second (webpy) out of the box on a system that is 50 times slower than a typical desktop PC. Of course these were very short pages. I was remiss earlier in not mentioning circuits: http://trac.softcircuit.com.au/circuits/ http://groups.google.com/group/circuits-users Circuits is an event component framework that just happens to include a cherrypy-like web server, and apparently (I can't find a cite) outperforms cherrypy in a number of tests: from circuits.web import Server, Controller class Root(Controller): def index(self): return Hello World! (Server(8000) + Root()).run() Full disclaimer: circuits is written by a friend former colleague, who will never forgive me for not having mentioned it in the first place :) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: AtrributeDict
On Apr 30, 9:09 am, Дамјан Георгиевски gdam...@gmail.com wrote: I've needed an attribute accessible dict, so I created this. Are there any obviously stupid shortcomings? class AttrDict(dict): def __getattr__(self, name): try: return self[name] except KeyError, e: raise AttributeError(e) Have you seen Alex Martelli's Bunch class? class Bunch: def __init__(self, **kwds): self.__dict__.update(kwds) From http://code.activestate.com/recipes/52308/ With Alex' version, you're not overloading a commonly called method, nor do you have to worry about the performance of the exception handling for misses. Plus it's half as long ;) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Web framework for embedded system
On Apr 28, 5:43 pm, Thomas Heller thel...@python.net wrote: I'm looking for a lightweight web-framework for an embedded system. [...] Does this sound sensible at all? Any suggestions? I'd highly recommend taking a look at CherryPy: http://www.cherrypy.org/ The developers describe it as a HTTP framework, being lower-level than most of the available web frameworks. But it should be very straightforward and more than suitable for your needs. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Presentation software for Python code
On Apr 24, 4:23 pm, Michael Hoffman 4g4trz...@sneakemail.com wrote: That looks like it would be perfect. Unfortunately it doesn't seem to work on my Windows laptop: I don't understand this. OpenGL Extensions Viewer says I have OpenGL 1.5 and the glGenBuffers function. That's a shame, if you feel like pursuing it you should report the error to the pyglet devs, but I'd certainly understand if you didn't. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Presentation software for Python code
On Apr 24, 3:52 am, Michael Hoffman 4g4trz...@sneakemail.com wrote: Does anyone here have software they would suggest for making a presentation that includes Python code? Other than that it would probably be mainly bullet points. I'm willing to consider TeX- and HTML-based approaches. How do you feel about reStructuredText? If you're open to it, I highly recommend Bruce: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/bruce It also supports embedded interpreters in the presentation, which I've seen using to good effect at conventions. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What is the best framework or module in Python for a small GUI based application development?
On Apr 23, 2:13 am, Mike Driscoll kyoso...@gmail.com wrote: Technically speaking, Silverlight can be run with IronPython...which works on Windows and Linux (through Mono), but not Mac (as far as I know). It looks like MS provide a Mac version as well: http://www.apple.com/downloads/macosx/development_tools/silverlight.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the correct way to install python packages as non root user in non default path
On Apr 21, 8:32 am, News123 news...@free.fr wrote: I'm having an Ubuntu host, but want to (experimentally) install some modules, which are newer than the Ubuntu ones (distros lag always a little behind and some tools need newer versions.) What would be a clean way to do this? I think virtualenv will help you here: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: The Python standard library and PEP8
On Apr 21, 1:18 pm, Tim Wintle tim.win...@teamrubber.com wrote: There was some suggestion about introducing synonyms that followed PEP8 and introducing deprecation warnings as you suggested, but I can't remember the outcome. I'd suggest checking the dev archives. What about the possibility of offering an additional, PEP8-compliant API for each? import logging # the current interface import logging.pep8 # the PEP8-compliant interface I'd be happy to contribute to this if it was considered worthwhile. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Any adv. in importing a module and some objects in the same module, into the same file?
On Apr 17, 7:19 pm, Visco Shaun visc...@gmail.com wrote: What is the use of second import as the first import will be enough(AFAIK) to access anything intended by the second import? Is there any kind of advantage? While Piet's explanation is correct for the logging module, you'll also see examples like: import os import os.path Where os.path _is_ accessible via the original os import. I believe that in this case, os.path is imported and stored against 'os.path', so any further references to it will be handled by the standard module lookup, rather than having to look up the 'os' import and then use getattr to reach path. I would expect that this is mostly of interest if you were using os.path.methods in an inner loop, to reduce the number of lookups. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Too early implementation
On Apr 18, 9:48 pm, Filip Gruszczyński grusz...@gmail.com wrote: With Python you rarely are sorry, because you can do everything so quickly. And yet, at some point you see, that flaws in design get so annoying, that you need to do something about them. Usually at that point it's a bit problematic ;-) So, do you know some good methods to prevent myself from just starting coding (which I like very much) and do some thinking about the problem (which I like a little less ;-))? Try test-driven development: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: howto submit documentation bugs on python V3 web-site ?
On Apr 17, 4:36 pm, Andreas Otto aotto1...@onlinehome.de wrote: Hi, is an email or something else available ? http://docs.python.org/3.0/bugs.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question to python C API
On Apr 17, 4:22 pm, Andreas Otto aotto1...@onlinehome.de wrote: Question 1: Why you wall it Pyrex package ? From the first paragraph on the Cython site: Cython is based on the well-known Pyrex, but supports more cutting edge functionality and optimizations. python ./setup.py install Traceback (most recent call last): File ./setup.py, line 5, in module from Cython.Compiler.Version import version File /home/dev1usr/src/Cython-0.11.1/Cython/__init__.py, line 2, in module from Shadow import * ImportError: No module named Shadow Did you unpack the Cython archive correctly? Is there a Shadow.py in your src/Cython-0.11.1/Cython/ folder? 4. than I try the second part from INSTALL.txt (2) If you prefer not to modify your Python installation, arrange for the directory containing this file (INSTALL.txt) to be in your PYTHONPATH. On unix, also put the bin directory on your PATH. Traceback (most recent call last): File setup.py, line 3, in module from Cython.Distutils import build_ext ImportError: No module named Cython.Distutils Did you follow the 2nd set of instructions modify both your PYTHONPATH PATH env vars? Have you confirmed they're correct? This is the sort of error I'd expect if those weren't set up properly. 7. a little bit to much errors for the first step, isn't it ? Yes, however none of these happened when I just installed Cython to the XP, OSX Ubuntu boxen I'm working on, so this isn't usual behaviour. What is your setup? What OS? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: script question
On Apr 17, 5:00 pm, Stefano stef...@vulcanos.it wrote: How can i execute my func in the code ? import myscript for i in range(1,n): myscript.func?? for i in range(1,n): getattr(myscript, 'func%d' % i)() -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
