Re: [R] Title for y-axis on right side

2010-12-19 Thread Jim Lemon

On 12/17/2010 10:41 PM, phils_mu...@arcor.de wrote:

Hi,

I want to have a title for the y-axis on the right side of the plot.
I know how to do it on the left side:


title(ylab=Title for y-axis)


But how can I have the title on the right side?


Hi Phil,
You probably want to add some margin on the right before you do the plot:

par(mar=c(5,4,4,4))
plot(...)

then:

mtext(Right side,side=4,line=2)

Jim

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[R] bugs in R windows versie 12 ?

2010-12-19 Thread elprama
Dear R-users,

When you perform run line or selection / Ctrl + R  in a script window
then the cursor of the script window does not go to the next line but at a
place further downwards.
R windows version 11 does the correct job (= goes to the next line) but
version 12 does not.
Is this correct ?

Sincerely

Elprama

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[R] testing with if: what I am doing wrong?

2010-12-19 Thread Luca Meyer
I am running this small program:

x - factor(c(A,B,A,C))
y - c(1,2,3,4)
w -data.frame(x,y)
if (w$x==A){
w$z=1
}
w
And I obtain:

  x y z
1 A 1 1
2 B 2 1
3 A 3 1
4 C 4 1

And not

  x y z
1 A 1 1
2 B 2 NA
3 A 3 1
4 C 4 NA

Like I should obtain. What am I doing wrong?

Please notice that I get a warning approximately saying - translated from 
italian:

In if (w$x == A) { : the condition length  1 and only the first element will 
be used 

Thanks,
Luca
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Re: [R] bugs in R windows versie 12 ?

2010-12-19 Thread Duncan Murdoch

On 19/12/2010 3:00 AM, elprama wrote:

Dear R-users,

When you perform run line or selection / Ctrl + R  in a script window
then the cursor of the script window does not go to the next line but at a
place further downwards.
R windows version 11 does the correct job (= goes to the next line) but
version 12 does not.
Is this correct ?


That's distracting, but it is only the displayed cursor that is wrong: 
logically it is in the right place, so when you move it (e.g. by hitting 
an arrow key or entering text) it will appear in the right place.


This has been fixed in R-patched, but unfortunately the first report 
came too late to make 2.12.0 or 2.12.1.  Please test our pre-release 
versions!


Duncan Murdoch

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Re: [R] testing with if: what I am doing wrong?

2010-12-19 Thread Duncan Murdoch

On 18/12/2010 8:34 AM, Luca Meyer wrote:

I am running this small program:

x- factor(c(A,B,A,C))
y- c(1,2,3,4)
w-data.frame(x,y)
if (w$x==A){
w$z=1
}
w
And I obtain:

   x y z
1 A 1 1
2 B 2 1
3 A 3 1
4 C 4 1

And not

   x y z
1 A 1 1
2 B 2 NA
3 A 3 1
4 C 4 NA

Like I should obtain. What am I doing wrong?


You're using if, which only looks at the first element (as the message 
said).  See ?ifelse for a conditional that applies to each vector entry.


Duncan Murdoch



Please notice that I get a warning approximately saying - translated from 
italian:

In if (w$x == A) { : the condition length  1 and only the first element will 
be used

Thanks,
Luca
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Re: [R] Alternative to extended recode sintax? Bug?

2010-12-19 Thread Luca Meyer
Something goes wrong with the week function of the lubridate package:

 x= as.POSIXct(factor(c(2010-12-15 17:28:27,
+ 2010-12-15 17:32:34,
+ 2010-12-15 18:48:39,
+ 2010-12-15 19:25:00,
+ 2010-12-16 08:00:00,
+ 2010-12-16 08:25:49,
+ 2010-12-16 09:00:00)))
 require(lubridate)
 weekdays(x)
[1] Mercoledì Mercoledì Mercoledì Mercoledì Giovedì   Giovedì   
Giovedì  
 week(x)
[1] 50 50 50 50 51 51 51
 

Please notice Mercoledì=Wednesday and Giovedì=Thursday, why would the beginning 
of the week start on Thursday? Also please beware that on previous weeks this 
does not occur, that is all weeks till 49 will all begin on Mondays and end on 
Sundays as required.

Thanks,
Luca


Il giorno 18/dic/2010, alle ore 14.39, David Winsemius ha scritto:

 
 On Dec 17, 2010, at 11:08 AM, Luca Meyer wrote:
 
 x= factor(c(2009-03-30 00:00:00, 2009-04-06 00:00:00, 2009-04-13 
 00:00:00, 2009-04-20 00:00:00, 2009-04-27 00:00:00, 2009-05-04 
 00:00:00 ,2009-05-11 00:00:00, 2009-05-18 00:00:00))
 require(lubridate)
 xd=as.POSIXct(x)
 week(xd)
 # [1] 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
 year(xd)
 # [1] 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
 paste(year(xd),  W,week(xd), sep=)
 #[1] 2009 W13 2009 W14 2009 W15 2009 W16 2009 W17 2009 W18 2009 
 W19 2009 W20
 
 
 
 David Winsemius, MD
 West Hartford, CT
 

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[R] Random selection from a subsample

2010-12-19 Thread Tom Wilding
Dear Mailing List

I have a data set (data4) consisting of a number of factors and a response 
variable.  I wish to randomly sample from a combination of two of those factors 
(GIS_station and Distance_code2) and return a new dataframe containing the 
original data structure (i.e. all the columns) but only containing the randomly 
selected rows.  The number of rows in each combination of GIS_station and 
Distance_code2 vary (widely) and some combinations are absent.   

This is getting there:: 
with (data4,{
sub_sample10=by(data4,list(GIS_station,Distance_code2), function(x) 
{sample(1:nrow(x),10,replace=T)})
})

but just generates two random numbers from the range 1:nrow(x).  It doesn't 
return the selected rows, which is what I want.

I'm sure I could this could be done in an elegant manner, using a subscript e.g.
 
sub_sample10 = data4 [sample (1:nrow (data4), size=10), ] 

only somehow combining it with the 'by' statement (e.g. by (data4, list 
(GIS_station, Distance_code2)...)) but I cannot get this to work.  

Any guidance on this much appreciated.

Thankyou.

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[R] Ifelse stability problems?

2010-12-19 Thread Luca Meyer
I am just wondering why what I am showing below might occur.

First I have an x data.frame:

 str(x)
'data.frame':   281 obs. of  2 variables:
 $ x1   : Factor w/ 5 levels A (50-67%),B (10-20%),..: 1 2 5 1 2 5 1 2 5 1 
...
 $ x2   : num  33.8 60.2 6 76.8 13.8 9.4 76.9 8 15.1 78.1 ...

I need to check that for each level of factor x1 the values of x2 are 
(approximately) contained within a given range. In such a case I will print 
ok a third variable, otherwise I will write err

ifelse (x$x1 == A (50-67%), 
x$check-ifelse(x$x268x$x249,ok,),
x$check-x$check
)
ifelse (x$x1 == B (10-20%),
x$check-ifelse(x$x221x$x29,ok,),
x$check-x$check
)
ifelse (x$x1 == C (5-15%),
x$check-ifelse(x$x216x$x24,ok,),
x$check-x$check
)
ifelse (x$x1 == D (1-5%),
x$check-ifelse(x$x26x$x20,ok,),
x$check-x$check
)
ifelse (x$x1 == E (10-20%),
x$check-ifelse(x$x221x$x29,ok,),
x$check-x$check  
)

Now, what I obtain is not always correct - see for instance lines 111, 125, 
257, 264, 272, etc in the following output:

 x
x1   x2 check
1   A (50-67%) 33.8  
2   B (10-20%) 60.2  
3   E (10-20%)  6.0  
4   A (50-67%) 76.8  
5   B (10-20%) 13.8ok
6   E (10-20%)  9.4ok
7   A (50-67%) 76.9  
8   B (10-20%)  8.0  
9   E (10-20%) 15.1ok
10  A (50-67%) 78.1  
11  E (10-20%) 21.9  
12  A (50-67%) 96.1  
13  B (10-20%)  0.6  
14  E (10-20%)  3.4  
15  A (50-67%) 88.4  
16  B (10-20%)  8.8  
17  E (10-20%)  2.8  
18  A (50-67%) 93.8  
19  B (10-20%)  0.0  
20  E (10-20%)  6.1  
21  A (50-67%) 81.3  
22  B (10-20%)  5.1  
23  E (10-20%) 13.6ok
24  A (50-67%) 65.9  
25  B (10-20%) 14.9ok
26  E (10-20%) 19.1ok
27  A (50-67%) 81.2  
28  B (10-20%) 10.2ok
29  E (10-20%)  8.6  
30  A (50-67%) 70.2  
31  B (10-20%) 20.7ok
32  E (10-20%)  9.2ok
33  A (50-67%) 61.4  
34  B (10-20%)  7.3  
35  E (10-20%) 31.4  
36  A (50-67%) 77.7  
37  B (10-20%)  7.9  
38  E (10-20%) 14.4ok
39  A (50-67%) 95.0  
40  B (10-20%)  0.2  
41  E (10-20%)  4.8  
42  A (50-67%) 83.3  
43  B (10-20%)  3.8  
44  E (10-20%) 12.9ok
45  A (50-67%) 82.2  
46  B (10-20%)  6.1  
47  E (10-20%) 11.7ok
48  A (50-67%) 91.8  
49  B (10-20%)  0.6  
50  E (10-20%)  7.5  
51  A (50-67%) 83.8  
52  B (10-20%)  4.0  
53  E (10-20%) 12.2ok
54  A (50-67%) 94.6  
55  B (10-20%)  0.4  
56  E (10-20%)  5.1  
57  A (50-67%) 81.4  
58  B (10-20%)  6.1  
59  E (10-20%) 12.5ok
60  A (50-67%) 96.4  
61  E (10-20%)  3.6  
62  A (50-67%) 92.0  
63  B (10-20%)  0.5  
64  E (10-20%)  7.5  
65  A (50-67%) 81.8  
66  B (10-20%)  2.5  
67  E (10-20%) 15.7ok
68  A (50-67%) 38.3  
69  B (10-20%)  5.9  
70   C (5-15%) 41.5  
71D (1-5%)  1.9  
72  E (10-20%) 12.4ok
73  A (50-67%) 96.0  
74  E (10-20%)  4.0  
75  A (50-67%) 75.9  
76  B (10-20%)  2.3  
77  E (10-20%) 21.7  
78  A (50-67%) 94.9  
79  E (10-20%)  5.1  
80  A (50-67%) 96.1  
81  E (10-20%)  3.9  
82  A (50-67%) 72.6  
83  B (10-20%)  9.4ok
84   C (5-15%)  8.0  
85D (1-5%)  2.4  
86  E (10-20%)  7.5  
87  A (50-67%) 48.9  
88  B (10-20%)  2.4  
89   C (5-15%) 25.0  
90D (1-5%) 10.3ok
91  E (10-20%) 13.3ok
92  A (50-67%) 87.8  
93  B (10-20%)  4.1  
94   C (5-15%)  1.7  
95D (1-5%)  0.9  
96  E (10-20%)  5.6  
97  A (50-67%) 96.9  
98  E (10-20%)  3.1  
99  A (50-67%) 72.2  
100 B (10-20%) 13.3ok
101  C (5-15%)  5.7  
102   D (1-5%)  0.3  
103 E (10-20%)  8.5  
104 A (50-67%) 64.1  
105 B (10-20%)  9.0  
106  C (5-15%)  9.5ok
107   D (1-5%)  1.9  
108 E (10-20%) 15.4ok
109 A (50-67%) 45.2  
110 B (10-20%) 15.3ok
111  C (5-15%) 18.3ok
112   D (1-5%)  0.3  
113 E (10-20%) 20.9ok
114 A (50-67%) 61.5  
115  C (5-15%) 22.9  
116   D (1-5%) 10.2ok
117 E (10-20%)  5.4  
118 A (50-67%) 69.0  
119 B (10-20%)  6.1  
120  C (5-15%) 16.9ok
121   D (1-5%)  1.0  
122 E (10-20%)  6.9  
123 A (50-67%) 61.2  
124 B (10-20%) 10.3ok
125  C (5-15%)  5.5  
126   D (1-5%)  6.9  
127 E (10-20%) 16.2ok
128 A (50-67%) 61.1  
129 B (10-20%) 11.5ok
130  C (5-15%)  7.0  
131   D (1-5%)  3.9  
132 E (10-20%) 16.5ok
133 A (50-67%) 45.9  
134 B (10-20%) 24.9  
135  C (5-15%)  0.2  
136   D (1-5%)  1.6  
137 E (10-20%) 27.4  
138 A (50-67%) 61.5  
139 B (10-20%)  8.7  
140  C (5-15%) 22.5  
141   D (1-5%)  0.1  
142 E (10-20%)  7.2  
143 A (50-67%) 64.1  
144 B (10-20%)  0.9  
145  C (5-15%) 14.4ok
146   D (1-5%) 11.2ok

Re: [R] Alternative to extended recode sintax? Bug?

2010-12-19 Thread David Winsemius


On Dec 19, 2010, at 5:11 AM, Luca Meyer wrote:


Something goes wrong with the week function of the lubridate package:


x= as.POSIXct(factor(c(2010-12-15 17:28:27,

+ 2010-12-15 17:32:34,
+ 2010-12-15 18:48:39,
+ 2010-12-15 19:25:00,
+ 2010-12-16 08:00:00,
+ 2010-12-16 08:25:49,
+ 2010-12-16 09:00:00)))

require(lubridate)



weekdays(x)
[1] Mercoledì Mercoledì Mercoledì Mercoledì Giovedì
Giovedì   Giovedì

week(x)

[1] 50 50 50 50 51 51 51


But 2010-12-15 is a Wednesday and 2010-12-16 is a Thursday.

--
David.





Please notice Mercoledì=Wednesday and Giovedì=Thursday, why would  
the beginning of the week start on Thursday? Also please beware that  
on previous weeks this does not occur, that is all weeks till 49  
will all begin on Mondays and end on Sundays as required.


Thanks,
Luca


Il giorno 18/dic/2010, alle ore 14.39, David Winsemius ha scritto:



On Dec 17, 2010, at 11:08 AM, Luca Meyer wrote:

x= factor(c(2009-03-30 00:00:00, 2009-04-06 00:00:00,  
2009-04-13 00:00:00, 2009-04-20 00:00:00, 2009-04-27  
00:00:00, 2009-05-04 00:00:00 ,2009-05-11 00:00:00,  
2009-05-18 00:00:00))

require(lubridate)
xd=as.POSIXct(x)
week(xd)
# [1] 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
year(xd)
# [1] 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
paste(year(xd),  W,week(xd), sep=)
#[1] 2009 W13 2009 W14 2009 W15 2009 W16 2009 W17 2009  
W18 2009 W19 2009 W20




David Winsemius, MD
West Hartford, CT



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David Winsemius, MD
West Hartford, CT

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Re: [R] Random selection from a subsample

2010-12-19 Thread David Winsemius


On Dec 19, 2010, at 5:31 AM, Tom Wilding wrote:


Dear Mailing List

I have a data set (data4) consisting of a number of factors and a  
response variable.  I wish to randomly sample from a combination of  
two of those factors (GIS_station and Distance_code2) and return a  
new dataframe containing the original data structure (i.e. all the  
columns) but only containing the randomly selected rows.  The number  
of rows in each combination of GIS_station and Distance_code2 vary  
(widely) and some combinations are absent.


This is getting there::
with (data4,{
sub_sample10=by(data4,list(GIS_station,Distance_code2), function(x)  
{sample(1:nrow(x),10,replace=T)})

})

but just generates two random numbers from the range 1:nrow(x).


Only 2? Your argument to sample is 10.


It doesn't return the selected rows, which is what I want.


And those row numbers would not refer to the order in the original  
sample either but would be referring within the . You have not yet  
done a very good job of specifying what sampling strategy is needed.  
At the moment you seem to be working toward a strategy that would  
potentially be very uneven in terms of the probabilities that members  
of different combinations would get into the sample, since the number  
being chosen is fixed and the number to be chosen from varies  
widely. Is that really what you want?




I'm sure I could this could be done in an elegant manner, using a  
subscript e.g.


sub_sample10 = data4 [sample (1:nrow (data4), size=10), ]


(You also have not provided a reproducible data example. Next time  
bring data.)


Theis works to sample 3 from each of the the distinct categories in  
the warpbreaks data object:


by(warpbreaks, list(warpbreaks$wool, warpbreaks$tension),  
FUN=function(x) x[sample(1:nrow(x), 3), ] )   #returns a list with 6  
members each of which has a three row dataframe


And this would stick them back together in on dataframe:

 do.call(rbind, by(warpbreaks, list(warpbreaks$wool, warpbreaks 
$tension), FUN=function(x) x[sample(1:nrow(x), 3), ] ) )


--
David.



only somehow combining it with the 'by' statement (e.g. by (data4,  
list (GIS_station, Distance_code2)...)) but I cannot get this to  
work.


Any guidance on this much appreciated.

Thankyou.


David Winsemius, MD
West Hartford, CT

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Re: [R] Resource for learning C/R interface

2010-12-19 Thread Mike Marchywka








 Date: Sun, 19 Dec 2010 01:34:28 -0500
 From: mailinglist.honey...@gmail.com
 To: cjul...@bu.edu
 CC: r-help@r-project.org
 Subject: Re: [R] Resource for learning C/R interface

 Hi,

 On Sat, Dec 18, 2010 at 11:29 PM, Julian TszKin Chan  wrote:
  Hi all,
 
  Is there any tutorial for learning C/R interface ? Thanks

 You'll find some info here:
 http://cran.r-project.org/doc/manuals/R-exts.pdf

Thanks, I may try this when I get time. It seems R handles
a lot of this automtically but how can you select a compiler?
That is, let's say I want to write in c++ and then extern-C
the R interface and use a highly optimizing compiler like Intel
( which I think they even make available for free in some cases). 



 Also, take a good look at the Rcpp package:
 http://dirk.eddelbuettel.com/code/rcpp.html

 There's *a lot* of things to learn there, so ... happy reading.

 -steve

 --
 Steve Lianoglou
 Graduate Student: Computational Systems Biology
  | Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
  | Weill Medical College of Cornell University
 Contact Info: http://cbio.mskcc.org/~lianos/contact

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[R] Replacing the for loop for time series buid-up

2010-12-19 Thread Torch

Hi,
is there a function that replaces the following code?

n=200
boot.x[1]=odhad+boot.res[1]  #(boot.x[0]=1)

  for (j in 1:(n-1)) {
  boot.x[j+1]=odhad*boot.x[j]+boot.res[j+1]
  }

This is nested in two other loops, and I am looking for some way to improve
code performance
I tried sapply and cumprod but no success.

Thanks
Jan
-- 
View this message in context: 
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Replacing-the-for-loop-for-time-series-buid-up-tp3094421p3094421.html
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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Re: [R] Ifelse stability problems?

2010-12-19 Thread Peter Ehlers

On 2010-12-19 03:50, Luca Meyer wrote:

I am just wondering why what I am showing below might occur.

First I have an x data.frame:


str(x)

'data.frame':   281 obs. of  2 variables:
  $ x1   : Factor w/ 5 levels A (50-67%),B (10-20%),..: 1 2 5 1 2 5 1 2 5 1 
...
  $ x2   : num  33.8 60.2 6 76.8 13.8 9.4 76.9 8 15.1 78.1 ...

I need to check that for each level of factor x1 the values of x2 are (approximately) contained 
within a given range. In such a case I will print ok a third variable, otherwise I will 
write err

ifelse (x$x1 == A (50-67%),
 x$check-ifelse(x$x268x$x249,ok,),
 x$check-x$check
)


[...snip...]


Can anyone explain why this might occur?


You have a bit of a logic problem in your ifelse;
(look at your x$check after each of your ifelse()s);
try it this way:

 x$check - NA
 x$check - ifelse (x$x1 == A (50-67%),
ifelse(x$x268x$x249,ok,),
x$check
 )

etc.

Peter Ehlers




Thanks,
Luca


Luca Meyer
www.lucameyer.com
IBM SPSS Statistics release 19.0.0
R version 2.12.1 (2010-12-16)
Mac OS X 10.6.5 (10H574) - kernel Darwin 10.5.0





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[R] sum with times

2010-12-19 Thread Ronaldo Reis Junior
Hi,

I have this vector:

  A - c(00:00:36,00:02:18)
  A
[1] 00:00:36 00:02:18

I use as.difftime to convert this to time vector based

  B - as.difftime(A)
  B
Time differences in secs
[1]  36 138
attr(,tzone)
[1] 

Now i try to make a sum

  sum(B)
Time difference of 174 secs

The sum is ok, but how to convert this result again do H:M:S format to 
get the result

00:02:54, that is 2 minutes and 54 seconds.

work with times is aways difficult, I try the units parameter in 
as.difftime but dont work.

Thanks
Ronaldo


-- 
8ª lei - Colete seus dados hoje como se você soubesse que seu equipamento
  vai quebrar amanhã.

   --Herman, I. P. 2007. Following the law. NATURE, Vol 445, p. 228.

  Prof. Ronaldo Reis Júnior
|  .''`. UNIMONTES/DBG/Lab. Ecologia Comportamental e Computacional
| : :'  : Campus Universitário Prof. Darcy Ribeiro, Vila Mauricéia
| `. `'` CP: 126, CEP: 39401-089, Montes Claros - MG - Brasil
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[R] sum with times

2010-12-19 Thread Ronaldo Reis Junior
Hi,

Forget, the chron package work with this

Thanks
Ronaldo

-- 
8ª lei - Colete seus dados hoje como se você soubesse que seu equipamento
  vai quebrar amanhã.

   --Herman, I. P. 2007. Following the law. NATURE, Vol 445, p. 228.

  Prof. Ronaldo Reis Júnior
|  .''`. UNIMONTES/DBG/Lab. Ecologia Comportamental e Computacional
| : :'  : Campus Universitário Prof. Darcy Ribeiro, Vila Mauricéia
| `. `'` CP: 126, CEP: 39401-089, Montes Claros - MG - Brasil
|   `- Fone: (38) 3229-8192 |ronaldo.r...@unimontes.br
|http://www.ppgcb.unimontes.br/lecc  | LinuxUser#: 205366


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Re: [R] Replacing the for loop for time series buid-up

2010-12-19 Thread David Winsemius


On Dec 19, 2010, at 8:08 AM, Torch wrote:



Hi,
is there a function that replaces the following code?

n=200
boot.x[1]=odhad+boot.res[1]  #(boot.x[0]=1)


No. there is no boot.x[0] ... in R anyway.



 for (j in 1:(n-1)) {
 boot.x[j+1]=odhad*boot.x[j]+boot.res[j+1]
 }

This is nested in two other loops, and I am looking for some way to  
improve

code performance
I tried sapply and cumprod but no success.


Probably because you didn't use paper and pencil to figure out what  
x_n was going to be.


You end up with a series that looks like:

boot.x[n] = odhad^n + boot.res[1]*odhad^(n-1) +boot.res[2]*odhad^(n-2)  
+ ... boot.res[n]


I'm thinking you should play around with n=20  instead of 200 because  
I don't know what odhad might be and I'd be afraid of overflow with  
the ^200 operation. Here's a failed attempt:


geo_od - odhad^(19:0)
geo_res - boot.res*geo_od
boot.x - odhad^(1:20) + cumsum(geo_res)

But that's not correct ... except for the fact that it does get the  
last term correct.




Thanks
Jan
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[R] barplot: width of label

2010-12-19 Thread fransiepansiekevertje
Hello,
I try to make barplots with rather wide labels. A simplified example of
this:

x - c(12, 33, 56, 67, 15, 66)
names(x) - c('Richard with a long surname','Minnie with a long
name,'Albert','Helen','Joe','Kingston')
barplot(x, las = 2)

Now the label 'Richard with a long surname' is too long to fit beneath the
bars. A simple solution would be enlarge the space for the labels by
positioning the bar region higher. But I cannot find how to do this. Please
Help!

Frans Marcelissen, DigiPsy
fransiepansiekever...@digipsy.nl

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Re: [R] barplot: width of label

2010-12-19 Thread Peter Ehlers

On 2010-12-19 07:13, fransiepansiekevertje wrote:

Hello,
I try to make barplots with rather wide labels. A simplified example of
this:

x- c(12, 33, 56, 67, 15, 66)
names(x)- c('Richard with a long surname','Minnie with a long
name,'Albert','Helen','Joe','Kingston')
barplot(x, las = 2)

Now the label 'Richard with a long surname' is too long to fit beneath the
bars. A simple solution would be enlarge the space for the labels by
positioning the bar region higher. But I cannot find how to do this. Please
Help!



Try

 par(mar = c(12,4,4,2))

before calling barplot(). But a better solution (still requiring a
resetting of the default margins) would be to plot horizontally.
Admittedly, this would provide less neck exercise for the reader.

Peter Ehlers


Frans Marcelissen, DigiPsy
fransiepansiekever...@digipsy.nl

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Re: [R] barplot: width of label

2010-12-19 Thread David Winsemius


On Dec 19, 2010, at 10:55 AM, Peter Ehlers wrote:


On 2010-12-19 07:13, fransiepansiekevertje wrote:

Hello,
I try to make barplots with rather wide labels. A simplified  
example of

this:

x- c(12, 33, 56, 67, 15, 66)
names(x)- c('Richard with a long surname','Minnie with a long
name,'Albert','Helen','Joe','Kingston')

   ^

barplot(x, las = 2)


Anyone pasting this code should insert the missing single-quote.


Now the label 'Richard with a long surname' is too long to fit  
beneath the

bars. A simple solution would be enlarge the space for the labels by
positioning the bar region higher. But I cannot find how to do  
this. Please

Help!



Try

par(mar = c(12,4,4,2))

before calling barplot(). But a better solution (still requiring a
resetting of the default margins) would be to plot horizontally.
Admittedly, this would provide less neck exercise for the reader.


Another option is to insert \n's.

x - c(12, 33, 56, 67, 15, 66)
names(x) - c('Richard\n with a\n long \nsurname','Minnie\nwith a 
\nlong \n name','Albert','Helen','Joe','Kingston')

 barplot(x)
And yet another option, somewhat more complex, would be to construct  
an x- axis with slanting labels. (Several worked examples posting in  
the archives.)


--
David




Peter Ehlers


Frans Marcelissen, DigiPsy
fransiepansiekever...@digipsy.nl

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[R] Layout of mulitpage conditioned lattice plots

2010-12-19 Thread Dieter Menne

Dear latticists,

I would like to spread a lattice conditioned plot over multiple pages,
keeping the same layout as if I had only one page as shown in the code
below.

My workaround is to divide the dataframe into subset that fit on one page,
but the code is ugly. 

Is there a build-in way to achieve this?

Dieter



library(lattice)
nsubj = 13 # This number is variable
dt = expand.grid(time=1:20,comp=LETTERS[1:3],subj=letters[1:nsubj])
dt$val = rnorm(nrow(dt))

#pdf(file=multpageOk.pdf)
# How it should look:
xyplot(val~time|subj+comp, data=dt,type=l,layout=c(10,3),
  subset=as.integer(subj) = 10)
#dev.off()

# What to do if it stretches over multiple pages, but I want the same
# layout as above?
pdf(file=multpage.pdf)
xyplot(val~time|subj+comp, data=dt,type=l,layout=c(10,3))
dev.off()

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Re: [R] Layout of mulitpage conditioned lattice plots

2010-12-19 Thread Dennis Murphy
Hi Dieter:

If I read your intention correctly, you need a third element in layout = .
Here's a little example:

df - data.frame(month = rep(month.abb, each = 20),
  time = rep(1:20, 12),
  y = rnorm(240))
xyplot(y ~ time | month, data = df, layout = c(2, 2, 3))

This produces 3 pages of 2 x 2 plots.

Hope this is what you had in mind..

Dennis

On Sun, Dec 19, 2010 at 8:23 AM, Dieter Menne
dieter.me...@menne-biomed.dewrote:


 Dear latticists,

 I would like to spread a lattice conditioned plot over multiple pages,
 keeping the same layout as if I had only one page as shown in the code
 below.

 My workaround is to divide the dataframe into subset that fit on one page,
 but the code is ugly.

 Is there a build-in way to achieve this?

 Dieter



 library(lattice)
 nsubj = 13 # This number is variable
 dt = expand.grid(time=1:20,comp=LETTERS[1:3],subj=letters[1:nsubj])
 dt$val = rnorm(nrow(dt))

 #pdf(file=multpageOk.pdf)
 # How it should look:
 xyplot(val~time|subj+comp, data=dt,type=l,layout=c(10,3),
  subset=as.integer(subj) = 10)
 #dev.off()

 # What to do if it stretches over multiple pages, but I want the same
 # layout as above?
 pdf(file=multpage.pdf)
 xyplot(val~time|subj+comp, data=dt,type=l,layout=c(10,3))
 dev.off()

 --
 View this message in context:
 http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Layout-of-mulitpage-conditioned-lattice-plots-tp3094581p3094581.html
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Re: [R] Layout of mulitpage conditioned lattice plots

2010-12-19 Thread David Winsemius


On Dec 19, 2010, at 11:23 AM, Dieter Menne wrote:



Dear latticists,

I would like to spread a lattice conditioned plot over multiple pages,
keeping the same layout as if I had only one page as shown in the code
below.

My workaround is to divide the dataframe into subset that fit on one  
page,

but the code is ugly.

Is there a build-in way to achieve this?

Dieter



library(lattice)
nsubj = 13 # This number is variable
dt = expand.grid(time=1:20,comp=LETTERS[1:3],subj=letters[1:nsubj])
dt$val = rnorm(nrow(dt))

#pdf(file=multpageOk.pdf)
# How it should look:
xyplot(val~time|subj+comp, data=dt,type=l,layout=c(10,3),
 subset=as.integer(subj) = 10)
#dev.off()

# What to do if it stretches over multiple pages, but I want the same
# layout as above?
pdf(file=multpage.pdf)
xyplot(val~time|subj+comp, data=dt,type=l,layout=c(10,3))
dev.off()


What's not working? I see two pages output with the same layout. The  
difference is that in the second case your numbers of groups (subj x  
comp)  is not an even multiple of your layout numbers, so the 13 subj  
levels push 3 of the A's onto the new row of panels and so one.and  
then the second page is partially filled with the 9 remaining C's.


I suppose the fact that I have a default time-stamp for my lattice  
output could have some sort of side-effect.  In my .Rprofile is this  
line:


lattice.options(default.args = list(page = function(n) {
   panel.text(lab = sprintf(%s, date()), x = 0.01, y = 0.01, adj =  
0, srt=90)

}))

--
David Winsemius, MD
West Hartford, CT

 sessionInfo()
R version 2.12.0 (2010-10-15)
Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin9.8.0/x86_64 (64-bit)

locale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8

attached base packages:
[1] grid  splines   stats graphics  grDevices utils  
datasets  methods   base


other attached packages:
 [1] survey_3.22-4   lubridate_0.2.3 circular_0.4boot_1.2-43  
ggplot2_0.8.8   proto_0.3-8
 [7] reshape_0.8.3   plyr_1.2.1  gridExtra_0.7   gdata_2.8.1  
Hmisc_3.8-3 survival_2.36-1

[13] sos_1.3-0   brew_1.0-4  lattice_0.19-13

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] cluster_1.13.2 digest_0.4.2   gtools_2.6.2   stringr_0.4 
tools_2.12.0


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Re: [R] Layout of mulitpage conditioned lattice plots

2010-12-19 Thread Thomas Adams

 Dennis,

Thank you; this helps me, too!

Tom

On 12/19/10 11:45 AM, Dennis Murphy wrote:

Hi Dieter:

If I read your intention correctly, you need a third element in layout = .
Here's a little example:

df- data.frame(month = rep(month.abb, each = 20),
   time = rep(1:20, 12),
   y = rnorm(240))
xyplot(y ~ time | month, data = df, layout = c(2, 2, 3))

This produces 3 pages of 2 x 2 plots.

Hope this is what you had in mind..

Dennis

On Sun, Dec 19, 2010 at 8:23 AM, Dieter Menne
dieter.me...@menne-biomed.dewrote:


Dear latticists,

I would like to spread a lattice conditioned plot over multiple pages,
keeping the same layout as if I had only one page as shown in the code
below.

My workaround is to divide the dataframe into subset that fit on one page,
but the code is ugly.

Is there a build-in way to achieve this?

Dieter



library(lattice)
nsubj = 13 # This number is variable
dt = expand.grid(time=1:20,comp=LETTERS[1:3],subj=letters[1:nsubj])
dt$val = rnorm(nrow(dt))

#pdf(file=multpageOk.pdf)
# How it should look:
xyplot(val~time|subj+comp, data=dt,type=l,layout=c(10,3),
  subset=as.integer(subj)= 10)
#dev.off()

# What to do if it stretches over multiple pages, but I want the same
# layout as above?
pdf(file=multpage.pdf)
xyplot(val~time|subj+comp, data=dt,type=l,layout=c(10,3))
dev.off()

--
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--
Thomas E Adams
National Weather Service
Ohio River Forecast Center
1901 South State Route 134
Wilmington, OH 45177

EMAIL:  thomas.ad...@noaa.gov

VOICE:  937-383-0528
FAX:937-383-0033

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Re: [R] Alternative to extended recode sintax? Bug?

2010-12-19 Thread Uwe Ligges



On 19.12.2010 13:20, David Winsemius wrote:


On Dec 19, 2010, at 5:11 AM, Luca Meyer wrote:


Something goes wrong with the week function of the lubridate package:


x= as.POSIXct(factor(c(2010-12-15 17:28:27,

+ 2010-12-15 17:32:34,
+ 2010-12-15 18:48:39,
+ 2010-12-15 19:25:00,
+ 2010-12-16 08:00:00,
+ 2010-12-16 08:25:49,
+ 2010-12-16 09:00:00)))

require(lubridate)



weekdays(x)

[1] Mercoledì Mercoledì Mercoledì Mercoledì Giovedì
Giovedì Giovedì

week(x)

[1] 50 50 50 50 51 51 51


But 2010-12-15 is a Wednesday and 2010-12-16 is a Thursday.




Together with the description of ?week this shows that lubridate's 
week() function works as documented rather than as expected by Luca Meyer.


Uwe Ligges

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Re: [R] Change legend position in s.value {ade4}

2010-12-19 Thread Uwe Ligges
Looking  at the code shows this is hard coded (function 
scatterutil.legend.square.grey or friends are used that make use of 
par(usr)[1] and par(usr)[3].


Hence you will have to rewrite the code or even better provide thwe 
package maintainer with a patch that allows for arbitrary placemant of 
the legend.


Uwe Ligges





On 17.12.2010 14:43, Nevil Amos wrote:

How do I change the postion of the legend in s.value {ade4} from the
defaul , bootom left?

thanks

Nevil Amos

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[R] Hclust - Number of branch operations for every element

2010-12-19 Thread Lui

Hello everybody,

I need to know how often every element in an hierarchical cluster was 
branched - just imagine a watering pot on the top of the hierarchical 
tree - the leafs should get water according to the number of branches 
that lie before them.


For example:
a - list()  # initialize empty object
a$merge - matrix(c(-1, -2,
-3, -4,
 1,  2,
 -5,-6,
 3,4), nc=2, byrow=TRUE )
a$height - c(1, 2, 3,4,5)
a$order - c(1,2,3,4,5,6)
a$labels - 1:6
class(a) - hclust
plot(a)

The leaf 1 has was branched three times - it would get 1/2^3 = 0.125 
of the total water. Same for leaf 2.Leafs 3 and 4 would each get the 
same (0.125). Leaf 5 and 6 would get 0.25 - Adding up to 1.

Does anybody have a clue?
Thanks a lot in advance!
Lui

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Re: [R] Layout of mulitpage conditioned lattice plots

2010-12-19 Thread Dieter Menne


djmuseR wrote:
 
 
 If I read your intention correctly, you need a third element in layout = .
 
 df - data.frame(month = rep(month.abb, each = 20),
   time = rep(1:20, 12),
   y = rnorm(240))
 xyplot(y ~ time | month, data = df, layout = c(2, 2, 3))
 
 This produces 3 pages of 2 x 2 plots.
 

Not really. Note that my example is conditioned on 2 variables, and the
layout on the first page is the correct one, and by design I use nsubj=13 to
show what happens if a page is not filled.

Dieter


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Re: [R] Layout of mulitpage conditioned lattice plots

2010-12-19 Thread Dieter Menne


David Winsemius wrote:
 
 
 
 What's not working? I see two pages output with the same layout. The  
 difference is that in the second case your numbers of groups (subj x  
 comp)  is not an even multiple of your layout numbers, so the 13 subj  
 levels push 3 of the A's onto the new row of panels and so one.and  
 then the second page is partially filled with the 9 remaining C's.
 
 

As you noted, the last page is the problem, and nsubj=13 was chosen by
design. I am currently looking if ggplot2 can handle this case without large
coding overhead. 

Dieter


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Re: [R] levelplot blocks size

2010-12-19 Thread jonathan

Sorry to bump this up again, but I've been continuing to look for a solution
to this including a look into stats.bin but I still can't find any solution
to do this within R.

Any help would be much appreciated!

Thanks,

Jonathan
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Re: [R] Replacing the for loop for time series buid-up

2010-12-19 Thread Berend Hasselman


Torch wrote:
 
 Hi,
 is there a function that replaces the following code?
 
 n=200
 boot.x[1]=odhad+boot.res[1]  #(boot.x[0]=1)
 
   for (j in 1:(n-1)) {
   boot.x[j+1]=odhad*boot.x[j]+boot.res[j+1]
   }
 
 This is nested in two other loops, and I am looking for some way to
 improve code performance
 I tried sapply and cumprod but no success.
 

You can have a look at filter.
Test example:

alpha - 0.75
N - 10

boot.res - ts(rnorm(N))
boot.res

val.init - boot.res[1] + alpha

boot.x - ts(val.init, start=1,end=N)
for(t in 2:N) { boot.x[t] - alpha*boot.x[t-1] + boot.res[t] }
boot.x

boot.x.filter -
ts(c(val.init,filter(boot.res[-1],filter=alpha,method=recursive,init=val.init)))
boot.x.filter
boot.x - boot.x.filter

succes

Berend


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Re: [R] Layout of mulitpage conditioned lattice plots

2010-12-19 Thread Dieter Menne

Here is an example with ggplot2, which can also be used in a similar way with
lattice. Again, the last page is the problem: the arrangement is correct
here, but the last page (with 1 instead of 5 plots) has a different panel
size which makes a comparison difficult.

And, since I have much more points per panel: ggplot2 is slow compared to
lattice.

Dieter

library(ggplot2)
nsubj = 11
dt = expand.grid(time=1:20,comp=LETTERS[1:3],subj=letters[1:nsubj])
dt$val = rnorm(nrow(dt))
nPerPage = 5
for (i in seq(1,nsubj,by=nPerPage)) {
  subjs = i:max(i+nPerPage-1,nPerPage)
  print(subjs)
  p = qplot(time,val,data=subset(dt,as.integer(subj) %in% subjs )) +
geom_line()+ facet_grid(comp ~ subj)+opts(aspect.ratio=1)
  print(p)
}

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[R] R.matlab memory use

2010-12-19 Thread Stefano Ghirlanda
Hi,
I am trying to load into R a MATLAB format file (actually, as saved by
octave). The file is about 300kB but R complains with a memory
allocation error:

 library(Rcompression)
 library(R.matlab)
Loading required package: R.oo
Loading required package: R.methodsS3
R.methodsS3 v1.2.0 (2010-03-13) successfully loaded. See ?R.methodsS3 for help.
R.oo v1.7.2 (2010-04-13) successfully loaded. See ?R.oo for help.
R.matlab v1.3.1 (2010-04-20) successfully loaded. See ?R.matlab for help.
 f - readMat(freq.mat)
Error: cannot allocate vector of size 296.5 Mb

On the other hand, if I save the same data in ascii format (from
octave: save -text), resulting in a 75MB file, then I can load it
without problems with the read.octave() function from package foreign.
Is this a known issue or am I doing something wrong? My R version is:

 R.version
   _
platform   i686-pc-linux-gnu
arch   i686
os linux-gnu
system i686, linux-gnu
status
major  2
minor  11.1
year   2010
month  05
day31
svn rev52157
language   R
version.string R version 2.11.1 (2010-05-31)

Thanks for your help,
Stefano

-- 
Stefano Ghirlanda
www.intercult.su.se/~stefano - drghirlanda.wordpress.com

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Re: [R] levelplot blocks size

2010-12-19 Thread Duncan Murdoch

On 19/12/2010 2:10 PM, jonathan wrote:


Sorry to bump this up again, but I've been continuing to look for a solution
to this including a look into stats.bin but I still can't find any solution
to do this within R.


See ?levelplot.  The number of bins of x and y is equal to the number of 
unique x and y values.  If you want fewer, just round the values instead 
of using 1:1000.


Duncan Murdoch

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Re: [R] levelplot blocks size

2010-12-19 Thread jonathan

Duncan,

Thanks for the help.

I'm new to R, so I'm not sure how to get R to round the values and group
them into larger blocks.

I have tried the following:

xlim=seq(0,2000,100),ylim=seq(0,2000,100)

just to see if it would work, but it doesn't...

Do you think you might be able to explain how to go about rounding the
values?

Thanks,

Jonathan
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[R] Hershey fonts and substitute()

2010-12-19 Thread pilchat

Hello R users,

I am new to R, so this may be a very stupid question. I need to 
subscript the dotted circle (Hershey escape sequence \\SO) to a 
string. I tried using


text(.5,.5,substitute( R[disk] == 5 R[\\SO] ) )

but it turns out to be a syntax error.

Do you have any suggestion?

Thanks

Gaetano

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Re: [R] Layout of mulitpage conditioned lattice plots

2010-12-19 Thread David Winsemius


On Dec 19, 2010, at 1:53 PM, Dieter Menne wrote:




David Winsemius wrote:




What's not working? I see two pages output with the same layout.  
The

difference is that in the second case your numbers of groups (subj x
comp)  is not an even multiple of your layout numbers, so the 13 subj
levels push 3 of the A's onto the new row of panels and so  
one.and

then the second page is partially filled with the 9 remaining C's.




As you noted, the last page is the problem, and nsubj=13 was chosen by
design. I am currently looking if ggplot2 can handle this case  
without large

coding overhead.


I'm obviously not seeing what you think would be an acceptable  
solution. Can you explain in words what you want, rather than what you  
don't want in failed code?


Here's my latest guess at what you may want:

pdf(file=multpage.pdf)
xyplot(val~time|subj + comp, data=dt,type=l,
layout=c(3,5, 3),
skip=rep(c(rep(FALSE,13), TRUE, TRUE), 3) )
dev.off()

--

David Winsemius, MD
West Hartford, CT

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Re: [R] levelplot blocks size

2010-12-19 Thread Duncan Murdoch

On 19/12/2010 2:46 PM, jonathan wrote:


Duncan,

Thanks for the help.

I'm new to R, so I'm not sure how to get R to round the values and group
them into larger blocks.

I have tried the following:

xlim=seq(0,2000,100),ylim=seq(0,2000,100)

just to see if it would work, but it doesn't...

Do you think you might be able to explain how to go about rounding the
values?


I don't know what your data looks like, so this is hard.  levelplot 
assumes you have triplets (x,y,z), where x and y only take a few values, 
and it plots the grid of those values using z to set the colour.  In 
your example you read x amd y from a file.  So just round them to fewer 
values, e.g.


df$x - round(df$x, -2)  # round to -2 decimal places, i.e. to hundreds
df$y - round(df$y, -2)

levelplot(z ~ x+y, data=df)

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Re: [R] Hershey fonts and substitute()

2010-12-19 Thread David Winsemius


On Dec 19, 2010, at 3:25 PM, pilchat wrote:


Hello R users,

I am new to R, so this may be a very stupid question. I need to  
subscript the dotted circle (Hershey escape sequence \\SO) to a  
string. I tried using


   text(.5,.5,substitute( R[disk] == 5 R[\\SO] ) )

but it turns out to be a syntax error.

Do you have any suggestion?


The Hershey fonts can be used in the text function:

?Hershey

... but I'm not sure they can be mixed with plotmath expressions. You  
wouldn't be the first person to befrustrated about this:


http://tolstoy.newcastle.edu.au/R/help/02a/1877.html

And note you may need:par(xpd=TRUE)

Where character ends up will depend on your user coordinate system. I  
had just run the Hershey demo and I needed to push the location down  
to get it on the page:


text(1.5, -2.5, \\SO, vfont=c(serif,plain) )

You may need to use phantom() in that expression using plotmath,  and  
then zero in on the space that is open after the R using a second  
call to text.




Thanks

Gaetano

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David Winsemius, MD
West Hartford, CT

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Re: [R] Ifelse stability problems?

2010-12-19 Thread peter dalgaard

On Dec 19, 2010, at 15:01 , Peter Ehlers wrote:

 On 2010-12-19 03:50, Luca Meyer wrote:
 I am just wondering why what I am showing below might occur.
 
 First I have an x data.frame:
 
 str(x)
 'data.frame':   281 obs. of  2 variables:
  $ x1   : Factor w/ 5 levels A (50-67%),B (10-20%),..: 1 2 5 1 2 5 1 2 5 
 1 ...
  $ x2   : num  33.8 60.2 6 76.8 13.8 9.4 76.9 8 15.1 78.1 ...
 
 I need to check that for each level of factor x1 the values of x2 are 
 (approximately) contained within a given range. In such a case I will print 
 ok a third variable, otherwise I will write err
 
 ifelse (x$x1 == A (50-67%),
 x$check-ifelse(x$x268x$x249,ok,),
 x$check-x$check
 )
 
 [...snip...]
 
 Can anyone explain why this might occur?
 
 You have a bit of a logic problem in your ifelse;
 (look at your x$check after each of your ifelse()s);
 try it this way:
 
 x$check - NA
 x$check - ifelse (x$x1 == A (50-67%),
ifelse(x$x268x$x249,ok,),
x$check
 )
 

Yes. The whole thing can be written much more concisely, though:

lw - c(49,9,4,0,9)
up - c(68,21,16,6,21)

x$check - ifelse(x$x2  up[x$x1]  x$x2  lw[x$x1], ok, )

 etc.
 
 Peter Ehlers
 
 
 
 Thanks,
 Luca
 
 
 Luca Meyer
 www.lucameyer.com
 IBM SPSS Statistics release 19.0.0
 R version 2.12.1 (2010-12-16)
 Mac OS X 10.6.5 (10H574) - kernel Darwin 10.5.0
 
 
 
 
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-- 
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Solbjerg Plads 3, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
Phone: (+45)38153501
Email: pd@cbs.dk  Priv: pda...@gmail.com

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[R] monthly median in a daily dataset

2010-12-19 Thread HUXTERE

Hello,

I have a multi-year dataset (see below) with date, a data value and a flag
for the data value. I want to find the monthly median for each month in this
dataset and then plot it. If anyone has suggestions they would be greatly
apperciated. It should be noted that there are some dates with no values and
they should be removed.

Thanks
Emily

 print ( str(data$flow$daily) )
'data.frame':   16071 obs. of  3 variables:
 $ date :Class 'Date'  num [1:16071] -1826 -1825 -1824 -1823 -1822 ...
 $ value: num  NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA ...
 $ flag : chr  ...
NULL

5202008-11-01 0.034 
1041   2008-11-02 0.034 
1562   2008-11-03 0.034 
2083   2008-11-04 0.038 
2604   2008-11-05 0.036 
3125   2008-11-06 0.035 
3646   2008-11-07 0.036 
4167   2008-11-08 0.039 
4688   2008-11-09 0.039 
5209   2008-11-10 0.039 
5730   2008-11-11 0.038 
6251   2008-11-12 0.039 
6772   2008-11-13 0.039 
7293   2008-11-14 0.038 
7814   2008-11-15 0.037 
8335   2008-11-16 0.037 
8855   2008-11-17 0.037 
9375   2008-11-18 0.037 
9895   2008-11-19 0.034B
10415  2008-11-20 0.034B
10935  2008-11-21 0.033B
11455  2008-11-22 0.034B
11975  2008-11-23 0.034B
12495  2008-11-24 0.034B
13016  2008-11-25 0.034B
13537  2008-11-26 0.033B
14058  2008-11-27 0.033B
14579  2008-11-28 0.033B
15068  2008-11-29 0.034B
15546  2008-11-30 0.035B
5212008-12-01 0.035B
1042   2008-12-02 0.034B
1563   2008-12-03 0.033B
2084   2008-12-04 0.031B
2605   2008-12-05 0.031B
3126   2008-12-06 0.031B
3647   2008-12-07 0.032B
4168   2008-12-08 0.032B
4689   2008-12-09 0.032B
5210   2008-12-10 0.033B
5731   2008-12-11 0.033B
6252   2008-12-12 0.032B
6773   2008-12-13 0.031B
7294   2008-12-14 0.030B
7815   2008-12-15 0.030B
8336   2008-12-16 0.029B
8856   2008-12-17 0.028B
9376   2008-12-18 0.028B
9896   2008-12-19 0.028B
10416  2008-12-20 0.027B
10936  2008-12-21 0.027B
11456  2008-12-22 0.028B
11976  2008-12-23 0.028B
12496  2008-12-24 0.029B
13017  2008-12-25 0.029B
13538  2008-12-26 0.029B
14059  2008-12-27 0.030B
14580  2008-12-28 0.030B
15069  2008-12-29 0.030B
15547  2008-12-30 0.031B
15851  2008-12-31 0.031B
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Re: [R] monthly median in a daily dataset

2010-12-19 Thread Dennis Murphy
Hi:

There is a months() function associated with Date objects, so you should be
able to do something like

aggregate(value ~ months(date), data = data$flow$daily, FUN = median)

Here's a toy example because your data are not in a ready form:

df - data.frame(date = seq(as.Date('2010-01-01'), by = 'days', length =
250),
val =  rnorm(250))
 aggregate(val ~ months(date), data = df, FUN = median)
  months(date) val
1April -0.18864817
2   August -0.16203705
3 February  0.03671700
4  January  0.04500988
5 July -0.12753151
6 June  0.09864811
7March  0.23652105
8  May  0.25879994
9September  0.53570764

HTH,
Dennis

On Sun, Dec 19, 2010 at 2:31 PM, HUXTERE emilyhux...@gmail.com wrote:


 Hello,

 I have a multi-year dataset (see below) with date, a data value and a flag
 for the data value. I want to find the monthly median for each month in
 this
 dataset and then plot it. If anyone has suggestions they would be greatly
 apperciated. It should be noted that there are some dates with no values
 and
 they should be removed.

 Thanks
 Emily

  print ( str(data$flow$daily) )
 'data.frame':   16071 obs. of  3 variables:
  $ date :Class 'Date'  num [1:16071] -1826 -1825 -1824 -1823 -1822 ...
  $ value: num  NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA ...
  $ flag : chr  ...
 NULL

 5202008-11-01 0.034
 1041   2008-11-02 0.034
 1562   2008-11-03 0.034
 2083   2008-11-04 0.038
 2604   2008-11-05 0.036
 3125   2008-11-06 0.035
 3646   2008-11-07 0.036
 4167   2008-11-08 0.039
 4688   2008-11-09 0.039
 5209   2008-11-10 0.039
 5730   2008-11-11 0.038
 6251   2008-11-12 0.039
 6772   2008-11-13 0.039
 7293   2008-11-14 0.038
 7814   2008-11-15 0.037
 8335   2008-11-16 0.037
 8855   2008-11-17 0.037
 9375   2008-11-18 0.037
 9895   2008-11-19 0.034B
 10415  2008-11-20 0.034B
 10935  2008-11-21 0.033B
 11455  2008-11-22 0.034B
 11975  2008-11-23 0.034B
 12495  2008-11-24 0.034B
 13016  2008-11-25 0.034B
 13537  2008-11-26 0.033B
 14058  2008-11-27 0.033B
 14579  2008-11-28 0.033B
 15068  2008-11-29 0.034B
 15546  2008-11-30 0.035B
 5212008-12-01 0.035B
 1042   2008-12-02 0.034B
 1563   2008-12-03 0.033B
 2084   2008-12-04 0.031B
 2605   2008-12-05 0.031B
 3126   2008-12-06 0.031B
 3647   2008-12-07 0.032B
 4168   2008-12-08 0.032B
 4689   2008-12-09 0.032B
 5210   2008-12-10 0.033B
 5731   2008-12-11 0.033B
 6252   2008-12-12 0.032B
 6773   2008-12-13 0.031B
 7294   2008-12-14 0.030B
 7815   2008-12-15 0.030B
 8336   2008-12-16 0.029B
 8856   2008-12-17 0.028B
 9376   2008-12-18 0.028B
 9896   2008-12-19 0.028B
 10416  2008-12-20 0.027B
 10936  2008-12-21 0.027B
 11456  2008-12-22 0.028B
 11976  2008-12-23 0.028B
 12496  2008-12-24 0.029B
 13017  2008-12-25 0.029B
 13538  2008-12-26 0.029B
 14059  2008-12-27 0.030B
 14580  2008-12-28 0.030B
 15069  2008-12-29 0.030B
 15547  2008-12-30 0.031B
 15851  2008-12-31 0.031B
 --
 View this message in context:
 http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/monthly-median-in-a-daily-dataset-tp3094917p3094917.html
 Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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[R] Time Series of Histograms

2010-12-19 Thread Enrico R. Crema
Dear List,

I have a set of distributions recorded at an equal interval of time and I would 
like to plot them as series of horizontal histograms (with the x-axis 
representing time, and y-axis representing the bins) since the distribution  
shifts from unimodal to multimodal in several occasions. What I would like to 
see is something close to a violinplot, but I do not want a kernel density 
estimate...
Any suggestions or advice will be great!

Thanks in Advance,
Enrico 
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[R] Turning a Variable into String

2010-12-19 Thread Paolo Rossi
I would like to know how to turn a variable into a string. I have tried
as.symbol and as.name but it doesnt work for what I'd like to do

Essentially, I'd like to feed the function below with two variables. This
works fine in the bit working out number of elements in each variable.

In the print(sprintf(OK with %s and %s\n, var1, var2))  line I would like
var1 and var2 to be magically substituted with a string containing the name
of var1 and name of var2.

Thanks in advance

Paolo



haveSameLength - function(var1, var2) {
 if (length(var1)==length(var2))
  {
   print(sprintf(OK with %s and %s\n, var1, var2))
 } else {
   print(Problems!!)
 }
}

[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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Re: [R] Turning a Variable into String

2010-12-19 Thread Phil Spector

Paolo -
  One way to make the function do what you want is to replace 
the line


 print(sprintf(OK with %s and %s\n, var1, var2))

with

 cat('OK with',substitute(var1),'and',substitute(var2),'\n')

With sprintf, you'd need

 print(sprintf(OK with %s and %s\n, deparse(substitute(var1)), 
deparse(substitute(var2

but since you're just printing the string returned by sprintf, I'd
go with cat.

- Phil Spector
 Statistical Computing Facility
 Department of Statistics
 UC Berkeley
 spec...@stat.berkeley.edu


On Mon, 20 Dec 2010, Paolo Rossi wrote:


I would like to know how to turn a variable into a string. I have tried
as.symbol and as.name but it doesnt work for what I'd like to do

Essentially, I'd like to feed the function below with two variables. This
works fine in the bit working out number of elements in each variable.

In the print(sprintf(OK with %s and %s\n, var1, var2))  line I would like
var1 and var2 to be magically substituted with a string containing the name
of var1 and name of var2.

Thanks in advance

Paolo



haveSameLength - function(var1, var2) {
if (length(var1)==length(var2))
 {
  print(sprintf(OK with %s and %s\n, var1, var2))
} else {
  print(Problems!!)
}
}

[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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Re: [R] Turning a Variable into String

2010-12-19 Thread Duncan Murdoch

On 19/12/2010 7:21 PM, Paolo Rossi wrote:

I would like to know how to turn a variable into a string. I have tried
as.symbol and as.name but it doesnt work for what I'd like to do

Essentially, I'd like to feed the function below with two variables. This
works fine in the bit working out number of elements in each variable.

In the print(sprintf(OK with %s and %s\n, var1, var2))  line I would like
var1 and var2 to be magically substituted with a string containing the name
of var1 and name of var2.


The name of var1 is var1, so I assume you mean the expression passed to 
your function and bound to var1.  In that case, what you want is


deparse(substitute(var1))

Watch out:  if the expression is really long, that can be a vector with 
more than one element.  See ?deparse for ways to deal with that.


Duncan Murdoch



Thanks in advance

Paolo



haveSameLength- function(var1, var2) {
  if (length(var1)==length(var2))
   {
print(sprintf(OK with %s and %s\n, var1, var2))
  } else {
print(Problems!!)
  }
}

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Re: [R] system/system2 command

2010-12-19 Thread Duncan Murdoch

On 17/12/2010 4:36 PM, Jeff Breiwick wrote:

All,

I had a simple function call I used to open up a dos shell running R under
Win XP:
system(cmd.exe, wait=FALSE, invisible=FALSE).

This does not work with R 2.12.1 - I get a window that briefly flashes open
but then disappears. Does anyone know the method to open a DOS command
window in running R with Win XP? Thank you.


This is a new bug in 2.12.1, which I am about to fix in R-patched.  The 
problem was that it was passing a null input stream to cmd.exe, which 
saw an immediate EOF, and quit.  A similar thing happened in Rterm, 
where system(cmd) should drop into a command shell in the same window, 
but it would immediately exit.


Duncan Murdoch

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Re: [R] Time Series of Histograms

2010-12-19 Thread Dennis Murphy
Hi:

You can get a violin plot in lattice rather straightforwardly. It's easiest
if time is an ordered factor, but you can also do it if time is numeric; in
the latter case, the code associated with Figure 10.14 in the Lattice book
provides a template to start with:
http://lmdvr.r-forge.r-project.org/figures/figures.html

To get horizontal violin plots, use time as the y variable and start by
replacing panel.boxplot with panel.violin; see the help page of the latter
if more specific options are required. It also contains an example using a
panel function.

I don't know how you expect to get horizontal histograms without setting the
time variable to be a factor. If you have enough time periods, the result
will not be pretty. If you have a fairly large number of time periods, the
best distributional displays are boxplots, violin plots, beanplots or some
variation of that general concept.

Since neither data nor code were offered, one can only speculate so far as
to what your intentions might be. A reproducible example with data and code
would undoubtedly elicit more useful responses.

HTH,
Dennis


On Sun, Dec 19, 2010 at 4:03 PM, Enrico R. Crema enryu_cr...@yahoo.itwrote:

 Dear List,

 I have a set of distributions recorded at an equal interval of time and I
 would like to plot them as series of horizontal histograms (with the x-axis
 representing time, and y-axis representing the bins) since the distribution
  shifts from unimodal to multimodal in several occasions. What I would like
 to see is something close to a violinplot, but I do not want a kernel
 density estimate...
 Any suggestions or advice will be great!

 Thanks in Advance,
 Enrico
 __
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 https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
 PLEASE do read the posting guide
 http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
 and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


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Re: [R] Time Series of Histograms

2010-12-19 Thread Enrico R. Crema
Many Thanks Dennis,

The distributions are simulated ordinal data all bounded in the same upper and 
lower limit, and I wanted to plot how the distribution changes through time. 
Since the distributions are often multimodal boxplots were not useful so I made 
some violinplots... My practical solution which I'm testing right now is to 
create a matrix of frequencies and then plot these as a series of horrizontal 
barplots (after normalising each distribution) , using the offset parameter to 
control the temporal sequenceIt actually works fine, but I was wondering if 
there were better ways...


Enrico



On 20 Dec 2010, at 01:47, Dennis Murphy wrote:

 Hi:
 
 You can get a violin plot in lattice rather straightforwardly. It's easiest 
 if time is an ordered factor, but you can also do it if time is numeric; in 
 the latter case, the code associated with Figure 10.14 in the Lattice book 
 provides a template to start with: 
 http://lmdvr.r-forge.r-project.org/figures/figures.html
 
 To get horizontal violin plots, use time as the y variable and start by 
 replacing panel.boxplot with panel.violin; see the help page of the latter if 
 more specific options are required. It also contains an example using a panel 
 function.
 
 I don't know how you expect to get horizontal histograms without setting the 
 time variable to be a factor. If you have enough time periods, the result 
 will not be pretty. If you have a fairly large number of time periods, the 
 best distributional displays are boxplots, violin plots, beanplots or some 
 variation of that general concept.
 
 Since neither data nor code were offered, one can only speculate so far as to 
 what your intentions might be. A reproducible example with data and code 
 would undoubtedly elicit more useful responses.
 
 HTH,
 Dennis
 
 
 On Sun, Dec 19, 2010 at 4:03 PM, Enrico R. Crema enryu_cr...@yahoo.it wrote:
 Dear List,
 
 I have a set of distributions recorded at an equal interval of time and I 
 would like to plot them as series of horizontal histograms (with the x-axis 
 representing time, and y-axis representing the bins) since the distribution  
 shifts from unimodal to multimodal in several occasions. What I would like to 
 see is something close to a violinplot, but I do not want a kernel density 
 estimate...
 Any suggestions or advice will be great!
 
 Thanks in Advance,
 Enrico
 __
 R-help@r-project.org mailing list
 https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
 PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
 and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
 


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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


Re: [R] Time Series of Histograms

2010-12-19 Thread Jorge Ivan Velez
Hi Enrico,

Is this close to what you want to do?

http://addictedtor.free.fr/graphiques/RGraphGallery.php?graph=109

HTH,
Jorge


On Sun, Dec 19, 2010 at 7:03 PM, Enrico R. Crema  wrote:

 Dear List,

 I have a set of distributions recorded at an equal interval of time and I
 would like to plot them as series of horizontal histograms (with the x-axis
 representing time, and y-axis representing the bins) since the distribution
  shifts from unimodal to multimodal in several occasions. What I would like
 to see is something close to a violinplot, but I do not want a kernel
 density estimate...
 Any suggestions or advice will be great!

 Thanks in Advance,
 Enrico
 __
 R-help@r-project.org mailing list
 https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
 PLEASE do read the posting guide
 http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
 and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


Re: [R] monthly median in a daily dataset

2010-12-19 Thread Bill.Venables
I find this function useful for digging out months from Date objects

Month - function(date, ...)
  factor(month.abb[as.POSIXlt(date)$mon + 1], levels = month.abb) 

For this little data set below this is what it gives

 with(data, tapply(value, Month(date), median, na.rm = TRUE))
  Jan   Feb   Mar   Apr   May   Jun   Jul   Aug   Sep   Oct   Nov   Dec 
   NANANANANANANANANANA 0.035 0.030

Here is another useful little one:

Year - function(date, ...)
  as.POSIXlt(date)$year + 1900

So if you wanted the median by year and month you could do

 with(data, tapply(value, list(Year(date), Month(date)), median, na.rm = TRUE))
 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct   Nov  Dec
2008  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA 0.035 0.03

(The result is a matrix, which in this case has only one row, of course.)

See how you go.

Bill Venables.

-Original Message-
From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org [mailto:r-help-boun...@r-project.org] On 
Behalf Of HUXTERE
Sent: Monday, 20 December 2010 8:32 AM
To: r-help@r-project.org
Subject: [R] monthly median in a daily dataset


Hello,

I have a multi-year dataset (see below) with date, a data value and a flag
for the data value. I want to find the monthly median for each month in this
dataset and then plot it. If anyone has suggestions they would be greatly
apperciated. It should be noted that there are some dates with no values and
they should be removed.

Thanks
Emily

 print ( str(data$flow$daily) )
'data.frame':   16071 obs. of  3 variables:
 $ date :Class 'Date'  num [1:16071] -1826 -1825 -1824 -1823 -1822 ...
 $ value: num  NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA ...
 $ flag : chr  ...
NULL

5202008-11-01 0.034 
1041   2008-11-02 0.034 
1562   2008-11-03 0.034 
2083   2008-11-04 0.038 
2604   2008-11-05 0.036 
3125   2008-11-06 0.035 
3646   2008-11-07 0.036 
4167   2008-11-08 0.039 
4688   2008-11-09 0.039 
5209   2008-11-10 0.039 
5730   2008-11-11 0.038 
6251   2008-11-12 0.039 
6772   2008-11-13 0.039 
7293   2008-11-14 0.038 
7814   2008-11-15 0.037 
8335   2008-11-16 0.037 
8855   2008-11-17 0.037 
9375   2008-11-18 0.037 
9895   2008-11-19 0.034B
10415  2008-11-20 0.034B
10935  2008-11-21 0.033B
11455  2008-11-22 0.034B
11975  2008-11-23 0.034B
12495  2008-11-24 0.034B
13016  2008-11-25 0.034B
13537  2008-11-26 0.033B
14058  2008-11-27 0.033B
14579  2008-11-28 0.033B
15068  2008-11-29 0.034B
15546  2008-11-30 0.035B
5212008-12-01 0.035B
1042   2008-12-02 0.034B
1563   2008-12-03 0.033B
2084   2008-12-04 0.031B
2605   2008-12-05 0.031B
3126   2008-12-06 0.031B
3647   2008-12-07 0.032B
4168   2008-12-08 0.032B
4689   2008-12-09 0.032B
5210   2008-12-10 0.033B
5731   2008-12-11 0.033B
6252   2008-12-12 0.032B
6773   2008-12-13 0.031B
7294   2008-12-14 0.030B
7815   2008-12-15 0.030B
8336   2008-12-16 0.029B
8856   2008-12-17 0.028B
9376   2008-12-18 0.028B
9896   2008-12-19 0.028B
10416  2008-12-20 0.027B
10936  2008-12-21 0.027B
11456  2008-12-22 0.028B
11976  2008-12-23 0.028B
12496  2008-12-24 0.029B
13017  2008-12-25 0.029B
13538  2008-12-26 0.029B
14059  2008-12-27 0.030B
14580  2008-12-28 0.030B
15069  2008-12-29 0.030B
15547  2008-12-30 0.031B
15851  2008-12-31 0.031B
-- 
View this message in context: 
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/monthly-median-in-a-daily-dataset-tp3094917p3094917.html
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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Re: [R] Time Series of Histograms

2010-12-19 Thread Enrico R. Crema
Hi Jorge,

Yes this was exactly what I was looking for!
Many Thanks!!!
E.
On 20 Dec 2010, at 02:11, Jorge Ivan Velez wrote:

 Hi Enrico,
 
 Is this close to what you want to do?
 
 http://addictedtor.free.fr/graphiques/RGraphGallery.php?graph=109
 
 HTH,
 Jorge
 
 
 On Sun, Dec 19, 2010 at 7:03 PM, Enrico R. Crema  wrote:
 Dear List,
 
 I have a set of distributions recorded at an equal interval of time and I 
 would like to plot them as series of horizontal histograms (with the x-axis 
 representing time, and y-axis representing the bins) since the distribution  
 shifts from unimodal to multimodal in several occasions. What I would like to 
 see is something close to a violinplot, but I do not want a kernel density 
 estimate...
 Any suggestions or advice will be great!
 
 Thanks in Advance,
 Enrico
 __
 R-help@r-project.org mailing list
 https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
 PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
 and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
 


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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


Re: [R] R.matlab memory use

2010-12-19 Thread Ben Bolker
Stefano Ghirlanda dr.ghirlanda at gmail.com writes:

 I am trying to load into R a MATLAB format file (actually, as saved by
 octave). The file is about 300kB but R complains with a memory
 allocation error:
 
  library(Rcompression)
  library(R.matlab)
 Loading required package: R.oo
 Loading required package: R.methodsS3
 R.methodsS3 v1.2.0 (2010-03-13) successfully loaded. See ?R.methodsS3 for 
 help.
 R.oo v1.7.2 (2010-04-13) successfully loaded. See ?R.oo for help.
 R.matlab v1.3.1 (2010-04-20) successfully loaded. See ?R.matlab for help.
  f - readMat(freq.mat)
 Error: cannot allocate vector of size 296.5 Mb
 
 On the other hand, if I save the same data in ascii format (from
 octave: save -text), resulting in a 75MB file, then I can load it
 without problems with the read.octave() function from package foreign.
 Is this a known issue or am I doing something wrong? My R version is:

  This is not a package I'm particularly familiar with, but:

  what commands did you use to save the file in octave?  Based on
'help save' I think that 'save' by default would get you an octave
format file ... you might have to do some careful reading in 
?readMat (in R) and 'help save' (in octave) to figure out the
correspondence between octave/MATLAB and R/MATLAB.
   If possible, try saving a small file and see if it works; if
you still don't know what's going on, post that file somewhere for
people to try.

  I was able to 

save -6 save.mat in octave and 
readMat(save.mat) in R successfully,
saving a vector of integers from 1 to 1 million (which
took about 7.7 Mb)

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[R] tabulating 2 factors weighting by a third var

2010-12-19 Thread Luca Meyer
Hi,

This must be an easy one but so far I haven't find a way out...

I have a data frame such as:

$ v1: Factor w/ 5 levels
$ v2: Factor w/ 2 levels
$ v3: Class 'difftime'  atomic [1:]

basically v1 and v2 are factors, while v3 is a variable containing the duration 
of certain activities (values ranging from 11 to 45000 sec, no missing values)

How can I get a table such that v1 levels will show as rows, v2 levels as 
columns and v3 is the weight by which table(v1,v2) is weighted? That is, 
instead of getting the count of occurences in each of the 10 cells of 
table(v1,v2) I would like to get the sum(v3), how can it be done?

Thanks,
Luca

Luca Meyer
www.lucameyer.com
IBM SPSS Statistics release 19.0.0
R version 2.12.1 (2010-12-16)
Mac OS X 10.6.5 (10H574) - kernel Darwin 10.5.0

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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


[R] package arules - 'transpose' of the transactions

2010-12-19 Thread Kohleth Chia
Suppose this is my list of transactions:


set.seed(200)

tran=random.transactions(100,3)

inspect(tran)

  itemstransactionID
1 {item80}trans1
2 {item8,
   item20}trans2
3 {item28}trans3


I want to get the 'transpose' of the data, i.e.

  transactionID  items
1 {trans2}item8
2 {trans2}item20
3 {trans3}item28
4 {trans1}item80


I tried converting tran into a matrix, then transpose it, then convert it
back to transactions. But my dataset is actually very very large, so I
wonder if there is any faster method?

Thanks

-- 
KC

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Re: [R] tabulating 2 factors weighting by a third var

2010-12-19 Thread Gerrit Eichner

Hi, Luca,

if V is you data frame, maybe

with( V, tapply( v3, list( v1, v2), sum))

does what you want.

Hth  --  Gerrit


On Mon, 20 Dec 2010, Luca Meyer wrote:


Hi,

This must be an easy one but so far I haven't find a way out...

I have a data frame such as:

$ v1: Factor w/ 5 levels
$ v2: Factor w/ 2 levels
$ v3: Class 'difftime'  atomic [1:]

basically v1 and v2 are factors, while v3 is a variable containing the 
duration of certain activities (values ranging from 11 to 45000 sec, no 
missing values)


How can I get a table such that v1 levels will show as rows, v2 levels 
as columns and v3 is the weight by which table(v1,v2) is weighted? That 
is, instead of getting the count of occurences in each of the 10 cells 
of table(v1,v2) I would like to get the sum(v3), how can it be done?


Thanks,
Luca

Luca Meyer
www.lucameyer.com
IBM SPSS Statistics release 19.0.0
R version 2.12.1 (2010-12-16)
Mac OS X 10.6.5 (10H574) - kernel Darwin 10.5.0

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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


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[R] Odp: tabulating 2 factors weighting by a third var

2010-12-19 Thread Petr PIKAL
Hi


r-help-boun...@r-project.org napsal dne 20.12.2010 07:07:35:

 Hi,
 
 This must be an easy one but so far I haven't find a way out...
 
 I have a data frame such as:
 
 $ v1: Factor w/ 5 levels
 $ v2: Factor w/ 2 levels
 $ v3: Class 'difftime'  atomic [1:]
 
 basically v1 and v2 are factors, while v3 is a variable containing the 
 duration of certain activities (values ranging from 11 to 45000 sec, no 
missing values)
 
 How can I get a table such that v1 levels will show as rows, v2 levels 
as 
 columns and v3 is the weight by which table(v1,v2) is weighted? That is, 

 instead of getting the count of occurences in each of the 10 cells of 
table
 (v1,v2) I would like to get the sum(v3), how can it be done?

xtabs(v3~v1+v2, data=your.data.frame)

is other option.

Regards
Petr


 
 Thanks,
 Luca
 
 Luca Meyer
 www.lucameyer.com
 IBM SPSS Statistics release 19.0.0
 R version 2.12.1 (2010-12-16)
 Mac OS X 10.6.5 (10H574) - kernel Darwin 10.5.0
 
 __
 R-help@r-project.org mailing list
 https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
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http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
 and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.

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