Re: [R] Get a percent variable based on group

2013-01-16 Thread arun
Hi,
Is it this?


aggregate(iris$Sepal.Length,by=list(iris$Species),FUN=function(x) 
sum(x)/sum(iris$Sepal.Length)*100)
 Group.1    x
1 setosa 28.55676
2 versicolor 33.86195
3  virginica 37.58129

A.K.






From: Karine Charlebois karine.charleb...@outlook.com
To: arun smartpink...@yahoo.com 
Sent: Tuesday, January 15, 2013 10:22 PM
Subject: RE: [R] Get a percent variable based on group



For example,  
iris$percent - unlist(tapply(iris$Sepal.Length,iris$Species,function(x) 
x/sum(iris$Sepal.Length, na.rm=TRUE)))

aggregate(iris$percent, by=list(iris$Species),
FUN=sum, na.rm=TRUE)

this last command should return 100% for each specie, not the following values: 
Group.1 x
1 setosa 0.2855676
2 versicolor 0.3386195
3  virginica 0.3758129



From: karine.charleb...@outlook.com
To: smartpink...@yahoo.com
Subject: RE: [R] Get a percent variable based on group
Date: Tue, 15 Jan 2013 22:13:27 -0500


No, it is not. I need a new column with these values.

Karine


 Date: Tue, 15 Jan 2013 19:11:22 -0800
 From: smartpink...@yahoo.com
 Subject: Re: [R] Get a percent variable based on group
 To: karine.charleb...@outlook.com
 CC: r-help@r-project.org
 
 
 
 HI,
 
 Not sure if this is what you meant.
 tapply(iris$Sepal.Length,iris$Species,FUN=function(x) 
 sum(x)/sum(iris$Sepal.Length)*100)
  #  setosa versicolor  virginica 
  # 28.55676   33.86195   37.58129 
 A.K.
 
 
 - Original Message -
 From: Karine Charlebois karine.charleb...@outlook.com
 To: r-help@r-project.org r-help@r-project.org
 Cc: 
 Sent: Tuesday, January 15, 2013 9:30 PM
 Subject: [R] Get a percent variable based on group
 
 Dear all, I'd like to get a percentage variable based on a group, but without 
 creating a new data frame. 
 For example:
 data(iris)
 
 iris$percent -unlist(tapply(iris$Sepal.Length,iris$Species,function(x) 
 x/sum(x, na.rm=TRUE)))
 
 This does not work, I should have only three standard values, respectively 
 for setosa, versicolor, and virginica. How can I do this?
 
 MANY THANKS,
 
 Karine 
               
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[R] matrix manipulation with its rows

2013-01-16 Thread Kathryn Lord
Dear R users,

I have a question about matrix manipulation with its rows.

Plz see the simple example below


sample - list(matrix(1:6, nr=2,nc=3), matrix(7:12, nr=2,nc=3),
matrix(13:18,nr=2,nc=3))

 sample
[[1]]
 [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]135
[2,]246

[[2]]
 [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]79   11
[2,]8   10   12

[[3]]
 [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]   13   15   17
[2,]   14   16   18

With this list, I'd like to create this below

[[1]]
 [,1] [,2] [,3]  [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,]135 000
[2,]000   246

[[2]]
 [,1] [,2] [,3]   [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,]79   11 000
[2,] 0008   10   12

[[3]]
 [,1] [,2] [,3]   [,4]   [,5]   [,6]
[1,]   13   15   17  000
[2,]   000   14   16   18



Any suggestion will be greatly appreciated.

Regards,

Kathryn Lord

[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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[R] dendrogram stops!

2013-01-16 Thread Ibrahim Sobh

Dear  I am using the 'as.dendrogram' function from the 'stats' library to 
convert from an hclust object to a dendrogram with a dataset of size
 ~3 (an example code is below). I need the dendrogram structure to
 use the dendrapply and attributes functions and to access the child
 nodes, I do not need any of the plot properties.

 The problem is that it takes an infinite amount of time to convert and  it 
uses a lot of memory. Could you please let me know which part of the code (the 
link is below)

  takes the longest time and if there's a way to make it faster. Is it the
  recursive part or when applying the attributes to each node (merging, etc) ?
  If there isn't a way to make it faster, are there similar 
functions(dendrapply, attributes, accessing of child nodes) that use the
  hclust object instead?
 as.dendrogram code:
 https://svn.r-project.org/R/trunk/src/library/stats/R/dendrogram.R


 library('stats')
 library('fastcluster')
 options(expressions=50)
 NCols=10
 NRows=3
 DataB -matrix(runif(NCols*NRows), ncol=NCols)
 HClust - hclust.vector(DataB )
 dhc- as.dendrogram(HClust) #gets stuck here forever|

Best RegardsSobh  
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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Re: [R] dendrogram stops!

2013-01-16 Thread Milan Bouchet-Valat
Le mercredi 16 janvier 2013 à 07:29 +0200, Ibrahim Sobh a écrit :
 Dear  I am using the 'as.dendrogram' function from the 'stats' library
 to convert from an hclust object to a dendrogram with a dataset of
 size
  ~3 (an example code is below). I need the dendrogram structure to
  use the dendrapply and attributes functions and to access the
 child
  nodes, I do not need any of the plot properties.
Could you be more specific about what you want to do? Maybe you don't
need these functions because there are alternate ways of doing the same
thing with an hclust object.


Cheers

  The problem is that it takes an infinite amount of time to convert
 and  it uses a lot of memory. Could you please let me know which part
 of the code (the link is below)
 
   takes the longest time and if there's a way to make it faster. Is it
 the
   recursive part or when applying the attributes to each node
 (merging, etc) ?
   If there isn't a way to make it faster, are there similar
 functions(dendrapply, attributes, accessing of child nodes) that use
 the
   hclust object instead?
  as.dendrogram code:
  https://svn.r-project.org/R/trunk/src/library/stats/R/dendrogram.R
 
 
  library('stats')
  library('fastcluster')
  options(expressions=50)
  NCols=10
  NRows=3
  DataB -matrix(runif(NCols*NRows), ncol=NCols)
  HClust - hclust.vector(DataB )
  dhc- as.dendrogram(HClust) #gets stuck here forever|
 
 Best RegardsSobh
   [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
 
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 http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
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Re: [R] Can not load Rcmdr

2013-01-16 Thread Milan Bouchet-Valat
Le mardi 15 janvier 2013 à 22:49 +, Esformes, Carley M. a écrit :
 I am getting the error message:
 
 
  library(Rcmdr)
 
 Loading required package: car
 
 Loading required package: MASS
 
 Loading required package: nnet
 
 Error : .onAttach failed in attachNamespace() for 'Rcmdr', details:
 
   call: structure(.External(dotTclObjv, objv, PACKAGE = tcltk),
 class = tclObj)
 
   error: [tcl] invalid command name image.
 
 
 Error: package/namespace load failed for 'Rcmdr'
 
 
 If I try and load tcltk separately, it loads, but I get a warning.
 
  library(tcltk)
 
 Loading Tcl/Tk interface ... done
 
 Warning message:
 
 In fun(libname, pkgname) :
 
   couldn't connect to display /tmp/launch-pCcdvk/:0
 
 _X11TransSocketINETConnect() can't get address
 for /tmp/launch-pCcdvk/:6000: nodename nor servname provided, or not
 known
As you found out yourself, this seems to be a tcltk error, not a Rcmdr
one.

For starters, what's your operating system? Please post the output of
sessionInfo() as requested by the posting guide.


Regards

 I want to run BiodiversityR.  Which runs, but ultimately I get an
 error.
 
 
  library(BiodiversityR)
 
 Loading required package: vegan
 
 Loading required package: permute
 
 This is vegan 2.0-5
 
  BiodiversityRGUI()
 
 Loading required package: Rcmdr
 
 Error : .onAttach failed in attachNamespace() for 'Rcmdr', details:
 
   call: structure(.External(dotTclObjv, objv, PACKAGE = tcltk),
 class = tclObj)
 
   error: [tcl] invalid command name image.
 
 
 Error in BiodiversityRGUI() : needs Rcmdr

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[R] Aligning labels to bars in barplot

2013-01-16 Thread David Arnold
Hi,

Consider:

x=c(2,4,5,10,13,73)
names(x)=c(American\nIndian,
   No\ncategory\nlisted,
   Hispanic,
   African-\nAmerican,
   Asian,
   White)
barplot(x,main=Undergraduate Enrollment by Race,
xlab=Race,
ylab=Percent,
col=rainbow(6))

The labels at the bottom of the bars are aligned at the bottom of the last
word in each bar label. How can I code it so that the labels are aligned at
the top of the first word in each bar label?

Thanks,

David.



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View this message in context: 
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Aligning-labels-to-bars-in-barplot-tp4655701.html
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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[R] function approx interpolation of time series data sets

2013-01-16 Thread e-letter
Readers,

Am trying to use the function 'approx' to interpolate time series data sets:

data1:
01:23:40 5
01:23:45 10
01:23:50 12
01:23:55 7

data2:
01:23:42
01:23:47
01:23:51
01:23:54

The objective is to obtain interpolated values of 'data1' column 2 (5,
10, 12, 7) for the times shown in data2. Tried the following command
but received the error shown:

data3-approx(data1,xout=data2)
Error in approx(data1, xout = data2) :
  (list) object cannot be coerced to type 'double'

What is my mistake please?

--
r2151

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Re: [R] Aligning labels to bars in barplot

2013-01-16 Thread Jim Lemon

On 01/16/2013 07:48 PM, David Arnold wrote:

Hi,

Consider:

x=c(2,4,5,10,13,73)
names(x)=c(American\nIndian,
No\ncategory\nlisted,
Hispanic,
African-\nAmerican,
Asian,
White)
barplot(x,main=Undergraduate Enrollment by Race,
 xlab=Race,
 ylab=Percent,
 col=rainbow(6))

The labels at the bottom of the bars are aligned at the bottom of the last
word in each bar label. How can I code it so that the labels are aligned at
the top of the first word in each bar label?


Hi David,
Try this:

barpos-barplot(x,
main=Undergraduate Enrollment by Race,
names.arg=rep(,6),
xlab=Race,
ylab=Percent,
col=rainbow(6))
axis(1,at=barpos,labels=names(x),padj=1)

Jim

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Re: [R] matrix manipulation with its rows

2013-01-16 Thread PIKAL Petr
Hi

with  your specific example you can use

remat-function(mat) {
mt-t(mat)
mt-c(mt[1:3], rep(0,6), mt[4:6])
matrix(mt, 2,6, byrow=TRUE)
}

lapply(sample, remat)

Regards
Petr

 -Original Message-
 From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org [mailto:r-help-bounces@r-
 project.org] On Behalf Of Kathryn Lord
 Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 9:00 AM
 To: r-help@r-project.org
 Subject: [R] matrix manipulation with its rows
 
 Dear R users,
 
 I have a question about matrix manipulation with its rows.
 
 Plz see the simple example below
 
 
 sample - list(matrix(1:6, nr=2,nc=3), matrix(7:12, nr=2,nc=3),
 matrix(13:18,nr=2,nc=3))
 
  sample
 [[1]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]
 [1,]135
 [2,]246
 
 [[2]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]
 [1,]79   11
 [2,]8   10   12
 
 [[3]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]
 [1,]   13   15   17
 [2,]   14   16   18
 
 With this list, I'd like to create this below
 
 [[1]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]  [,4] [,5] [,6]
 [1,]135 000
 [2,]000   246
 
 [[2]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]   [,4] [,5] [,6]
 [1,]79   11 000
 [2,] 0008   10   12
 
 [[3]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]   [,4]   [,5]   [,6]
 [1,]   13   15   17  000
 [2,]   000   14   16   18
 
 
 
 Any suggestion will be greatly appreciated.
 
 Regards,
 
 Kathryn Lord
 
   [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
 
 __
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 PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-
 guide.html
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Re: [R] matrix manipulation with its rows

2013-01-16 Thread Patrick Burns

Not a great solution, I don't think, but:

 kronecker(diag(2), matrix(1:6, 2, byrow=TRUE))[c(1,4),]
 [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,]123000
[2,]000456

So using a function that does this in 'lapply'
should solve the problem you state.  I'm guessing
the real problem might be more complex.

Pat

On 16/01/2013 07:59, Kathryn Lord wrote:

Dear R users,

I have a question about matrix manipulation with its rows.

Plz see the simple example below


sample - list(matrix(1:6, nr=2,nc=3), matrix(7:12, nr=2,nc=3),
matrix(13:18,nr=2,nc=3))


sample

[[1]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]135
[2,]246

[[2]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]79   11
[2,]8   10   12

[[3]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]   13   15   17
[2,]   14   16   18

With this list, I'd like to create this below

[[1]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]  [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,]135 000
[2,]000   246

[[2]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]   [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,]79   11 000
[2,] 0008   10   12

[[3]]
  [,1] [,2] [,3]   [,4]   [,5]   [,6]
[1,]   13   15   17  000
[2,]   000   14   16   18



Any suggestion will be greatly appreciated.

Regards,

Kathryn Lord

[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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--
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pbu...@pburns.seanet.com
twitter: @portfolioprobe
http://www.portfolioprobe.com/blog
http://www.burns-stat.com
(home of 'Some hints for the R beginner'
and 'The R Inferno')

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[R] Overplotting in GGPLOT

2013-01-16 Thread Nick Duncan
Dear All,

I am struggling to jitter the labels in this plot:

p-ggplot(centbev,aes(x=bet,y=eig,label=rownames(centbev),colour=res,
size=abs(res)))+xlab(Betweenness Centrality)+ylab(Eigenvector
Centrality)
p+geom_text()+labs(title=Key Actor Analysis AD FD Network)

When I try this without jittering I end up with labels that I cannot
distinguish, when I try it with, I get a circular spot behind the
label which makes it illegible. I  want to make the labels (which are
numeric) legible.

Many thanks for any guidance.
Nick

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Re: [R] function approx interpolation of time series data sets

2013-01-16 Thread Rui Barradas

Hello,

Like this?


data1 - read.table(text = 
01:23:40 5
01:23:45 10
01:23:50 12
01:23:55 7
)

data2 - read.table(text = 
01:23:42
01:23:47
01:23:51
01:23:54
)

approx(as.POSIXct(data1$V1, format = %H:%M:%S), y = data1$V2, xout = 
as.POSIXct(data2$V1, format = %H:%M:%S))



Hope this helps,

Rui Barradas
Em 16-01-2013 08:52, e-letter escreveu:

Readers,

Am trying to use the function 'approx' to interpolate time series data sets:

data1:
01:23:40 5
01:23:45 10
01:23:50 12
01:23:55 7

data2:
01:23:42
01:23:47
01:23:51
01:23:54

The objective is to obtain interpolated values of 'data1' column 2 (5,
10, 12, 7) for the times shown in data2. Tried the following command
but received the error shown:

data3-approx(data1,xout=data2)
Error in approx(data1, xout = data2) :
   (list) object cannot be coerced to type 'double'

What is my mistake please?

--
r2151

__
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Re: [R] removing loops from code in making data.frame

2013-01-16 Thread Biau David
thanks, it goes a lot faster. Just one thing though, when I apply the code to 
my data, both data.frames end up differente. Or at least identical(df1, df2) 
if false

however when i do which(df1!=df2) it says 'integer (0)'.

Could that be due to the class of the vectors or some thing of the sort?

thanks,


 
David Biau



 De : arun smartpink...@yahoo.com
À : Biau David djmb...@yahoo.fr 
Cc : R help r-help@r-project.org 
Envoyé le : Mardi 15 janvier 2013 21h54
Objet : Re: [R] removing loops from code in making data.frame
 
Hi,

You could also do this:
res1-do.call(rbind,lapply(xaulist,function(x) 
as.numeric(apply(t(mapply(`==`,tata,x)),2,any
identical(res1,tutu)
#[1] TRUE
A.K.





- Original Message -
From: Biau David djmb...@yahoo.fr
To: r help list r-help@r-project.org
Cc: 
Sent: Tuesday, January 15, 2013 2:41 PM
Subject: [R] removing loops from code in making data.frame

Dear all,

I am working on an author network and to do so I have to arrange a data.frame 
(tutu) crossing author names (rows) per publication number (column). The 
participation of the author to a study is indicated by a 1 and 0 otherwise.

I have a vector (xaulist) of all the names of authors and a data.frame (tata) 
with all the publications in row and the authors in columns. I have writen a 
loop to obtain my data.frame but it takes a long time when the number of 
studies increases. I was looking for a more efficient code.

Here is a minimal working example (my code is terrible i know...):

#-

au1 - c('deb', 'art', 'deb', 'seb', 'deb', 'deb', 'mar', 'mar', 'joy', 'deb')
au2 - c('art', 'deb', 'soy', 'deb', 'joy', 'ani', 'deb', 'deb', 'nem', 'mar')
au3 - c('mar', 'lio', 'mil', 'mar', 'ani', 'lul', 'nem', 'art', 'deb', 'tat')

tata - data.frame(au1, au2, au3)
xaulist2 - levels(factor(unlist(tata[,])))
xaulist - levels(as.factor(xaulist2))

tutu - matrix(NA, nrow=length(xaulist), ncol=dim(tata)[1]) # row are authors 
and col are papers
for (i in 1:length(xaulist))
{
  for (j in 1:dim(tata)[1])
  {
  ifelse('TRUE' %in% as.character(tata[j,]==xaulist[i]), tutu[i,j] - 1,  
tutu[i,j] - 0)
  }
}
tutu[is.na(tutu)] - 0

#-

I am looking at some more efficient way to build 'tutu'.

Thank you very much,

 
David

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[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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[R] read tab delimited file from a certain line

2013-01-16 Thread Christof Kluß

Hi

I would like to read table data from a text-files with extra 
informations in the header (of unknown line count). Example:


informations (unknown count of lines)
... and at some point the table
--
year month mday value
2013 1 16 0
...

If it was an excel file I could use something like read.xls(..., 
pattern=year) But it is a simple tab seperated text-file. Is there an 
easy way to read only the table? (Without dirty things ;))


Thx
Christof

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Re: [R] Using table to get frequencies of several factors at once

2013-01-16 Thread S Ellison
You could use a variant of apply(), probably sapply

For example
d - as.data.frame( matrix(sample(0:1, 200, replace=TRUE), ncol=5))

head(d)

sapply(d, table)

S Ellison
 -Original Message-
 From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org 
 [mailto:r-help-boun...@r-project.org] On Behalf Of Pancho Mulongeni
 Sent: 11 January 2013 11:18
 To: R help
 Subject: [R] Using table to get frequencies of several factors at once
 
 Hi, I have a dataframe with n columns, but I am only looking 
 at five of them. And lots of rows, over 700. 
 So I would like to find frequencies for each of the numeric 
 columns (variables) using the table function. However, is 
 there a fast way to produce a frequency table where the 5 
 rows represent the 5 numeric variables and the columns refer 
 to the values (levels) of the respective numeric variables, 
 which in this case are 0 and 1.  
 The only way I have figured it out is via a for loop:
 m-seq(218,222,1) #these are columns of the variables in the 
 larger dataframe tm-m[1:5] #I need this for the for loop
 l.tm-length(tm)
 B-matrix(nrow=l.tm,ncol=2)  #the matrix to hold the freqs 
 for (p in 1:l.tm) { var.num-m[p]
 B[p,]-table(DATA[,var.num])
 }
 
  B
  [,1] [,2]
 [1,]  6979
 [2,]  512  194
 [3,]  604  102
 [4,]  7006
 [5,]  706  706
 So the rows represent my five variables (columns) that occupy 
 columns 218 through 222 in the DATA dataframe.
 So the second column represents my frequencies of the value 
 1, which is what I am interested in. The last row has a 
 double entry, because there was only one value, 0, with a 
 freq of 706 and so R duplicated in the two columns, but 
 that's ok, I can just ignore it. 
 
 So is there are better way to do this? Is there a way to use 
 the so called tapply function? I struggle to understand the 
 help doc for this.function.
 
 
 Pancho Mulongeni
 Research Assistant
 PharmAccess Foundation
 1 Fouché Street
 Windhoek West
 Windhoek
 Namibia
  
 Tel:   +264 61 419 000
 Fax:  +264 61 419 001/2
 Mob: +264 81 4456 286
 
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Re: [R] Codetools Query (repost)

2013-01-16 Thread luke-tierney

You really don't want to use internals like isBaseVar as there is no
guarantee they will continue to exist.  Even collectUsage and otehr
things mentioned on the same page may need to change if this is
reimplemented.

The most robust approach is to use findGlobals and omit what you don't
want, e.g.

 omit - ls(package:base, all.names=TRUE)
 setdiff(findGlobals(moo),omit)
[1] y

If you do want to use chollectUsage you could use something like

funs - new.env()
omit - ls(package:base, all.names=TRUE)
enter - function(type, v, e, w){
if (! v %in% omit)
assign(v, TRUE, funs)
}
collectUsage(moo, enterGlobal = enter)

If %in% is too slow create a hashed envorinment and use exists().

Best,

luke

On Tue, 15 Jan 2013, Saptarshi Guha wrote:


Sorry for reposting,  i keep forgetting this should be plain text.
Will not make this mistake again

Hello,

The following code

moo - function(a=1){ x=1; x=x+y}
funs - new.env()
enter - function(type, v, e, w){
 assign(v, TRUE, funs)
}
library(codetools)
collectUsage(moo, enterGlobal = enter)


adds + to the environment funs i.e.

funs: = { + y

How can i ignore variables which are present in base, utils, stat
environments from being added (equivalently(?) symbols present in R
when R is started)

I tried



funs - new.env()
enter - function(type, v, e, w){
 if(codetools:::isBaseVar(v, w$env) || codetools:::isStatsVar(v, w$env)
|| codetools:::isUtilsVar(v, w$env) || v == Quote)
   return()
 assign(v, TRUE, funs)
}

library(codetools)
collectUsage(moo, enterGlobal = enter)

but this threw

Error in exists(v, envir = e, inherits = FALSE, mode = function) :
 invalid 'envir' argument

Cheers

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--
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Chair, Statistics and Actuarial Science
Ralph E. Wareham Professor of Mathematical Sciences
University of Iowa  Phone: 319-335-3386
Department of Statistics andFax:   319-335-3017
   Actuarial Science
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[R] Mean calculation by two variables

2013-01-16 Thread Raoni Rodrigues
Hello All,

I have a data frame (dput information below) with food item weight for fish
species.

I need to calculate the Mean proportion by weight of each food item for
each specie, as show in solution data frame (dput information below).

I use the ddply function (plyr package) in two steps. First calculate the
proportion of weight for each individual:

step1 = ddply (example, .(ID), transform, Wi = round (Weight/sum (Weight),
2))

Then, I use lenght (unique (ID)) to calculate the mean of each food item
for each specie:

step2 = ddply (step1, .(Specie, Food.item), summarise, MWi = sum
(Wi)/length (unique(ID)))

I do not understand why this didn't work. Someone can help me?

Thanks in advanced!


*EXAMPLE*
structure(list(ID = c(779L, 782L, 1717L, 1717L, 1717L, 1803L,
2650L, 2650L, 2700L, 2700L, 3611L, 3613L, 3647L, 3654L, 3654L,
3683L, 3683L, 3683L, 3685L, 3997L), Site = c(Três Marias, Três Marias,
Nova Ponte, Nova Ponte, Nova Ponte, Três Marias, São Simão,
São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão,
São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão,
São Simão, São Simão, São Simão), Specie = c(Acestrorhynchus
lacustris,
Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
lacustris,
Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Schizodon
intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius), Weight = c(0.06, 0.01, 0.01, 0.33, 0.01,
3.5, 0.01, 0.04, 0.01, 0.01, 0.38, 0.29, 0.04, 0.03, 0.11, 0.04,
0.04, 0.03, 0.01, 0.01), Food.item = c(Fish, Vegetal, Alga,
MNI, Sediment, Fish, Alga, MNI, Alga, MNI, Vegetal,
Vegetal, Vegetal, Alga, Vegetal, Alga, MNI, Sediment,
Sediment, Vegetal)), .Names = c(ID, Site, Specie,
Weight, Food.item), row.names = c(1869113L, 2290407L, 56668L,
1485394L, 2126489L, 368143L, 57601L, 1486327L, 57651L, 1486377L,
2348187L, 2348189L, 2293272L, 58605L, 2293279L, 40317L, 1487360L,
2128455L, 2128457L, 2293622L), class = data.frame)


*SOLUTION*
structure(list(Specie = c(Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
lacustris,
Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
lacustris,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius), Food.item = c(Peixe, Vegetal, Alga,
MNI, Sedimento, Alga, MNI, Vegetal, Sedimento), MWi = c(0.5,
0.25, 0.0075, 0.235, 0.0075, 0.14111, 0.18444,
0.53222, 0.14111)), .Names = c(Specie, Food.item,
MWi), class = data.frame, row.names = c(NA, -9L))
*
*
sessionInfo()
R version 2.15.2 (2012-10-26)
Platform: i386-w64-mingw32/i386 (32-bit)
Windows XP
*
*
-- 
Raoni Rosa Rodrigues
Research Associate of Fish Transposition Center CTPeixes
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG
Brasil
rodrigues.ra...@gmail.com

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[R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

2013-01-16 Thread Andrea Goijman
Dear list,

I'm working with a large data set, where I grouped several species in one
group (guild). Then I reshaped my data as shown below. Now, I just want to
have Rep only as 1 or 0.

I'm not being able to change the values of rep=1 to 1... tried many things
and I'm not being successful!


 melting=melt(occ.data,id.var=c(guild, Site, Rep, Año),
measure.var=Pres)
 y=cast(melting, Site ~ Rep ~ guild ~ Año)
Aggregation requires fun.aggregate: length used as default

 y[1:10,,gui4a,1:2]
, , Año = 2003

  Rep
Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1021 0 0 0 0 0
  1022 0 0 0 0 0
  1023 0 0 0 0 0
  1024 0 0 0 0 0
  1025 0 0 0 0 0
  1026 0 0 0 0 0
*  1051 3 1 2 3 5*
*  1052 4 3 5 2 3*
*  1053 4 3 3 3 2*
*  1054 1 2 1 3 0*

, , Año = 2004

  Rep
Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1021 2 5 5 5 4
  1022 6 3 2 2 2
  1023 4 1 1 2 2
  1024 0 1 2 2 0
  1025 0 1 0 1 0
  1026 2 1 0 0 1
  1051 2 1 3 1 2
  1052 2 4 1 1 2
  1053 2 4 2 2 1
  1054 4 3 3 2 3

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Re: [R] read tab delimited file from a certain line

2013-01-16 Thread Rui Barradas

Hello,

Read the file using readLines, then grep ^year. You can then use a 
textConnection to read.table:


x - readLines(con = textConnection(
informations (unknown count of lines)
... and at some point the table
--
year month mday value
2013 1 16 0 ))

# This is it
i - grep(^year, x)
read.table(textConnection(x[i:length(x)]), header = TRUE)


Hope this helps,

Rui Barradas

Em 16-01-2013 14:17, Christof Kluß escreveu:

Hi

I would like to read table data from a text-files with extra 
informations in the header (of unknown line count). Example:


informations (unknown count of lines)
... and at some point the table
--
year month mday value
2013 1 16 0
...

If it was an excel file I could use something like read.xls(..., 
pattern=year) But it is a simple tab seperated text-file. Is there 
an easy way to read only the table? (Without dirty things ;))


Thx
Christof

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Re: [R] Mean calculation by two variables

2013-01-16 Thread Rui Barradas
Hello,

If you want to calculate the mean weight by Specie and Food.item, you 
can use ?aggregate.
In what follows, I've named your EXAMPLE ex and your SOLUTION sol. Note 
that the result is different from sol.
(No exemplo não há Peixe, é Fish, e os números são outros.)

aggregate(Weight ~ Specie + Food.item, data = ex, FUN = mean)


Hope this helps,

Rui Barradas
Em 16-01-2013 15:41, Raoni Rodrigues escreveu:
 Hello All,

 I have a data frame (dput information below) with food item weight for fish
 species.

 I need to calculate the Mean proportion by weight of each food item for
 each specie, as show in solution data frame (dput information below).

 I use the ddply function (plyr package) in two steps. First calculate the
 proportion of weight for each individual:

 step1 = ddply (example, .(ID), transform, Wi = round (Weight/sum (Weight),
 2))

 Then, I use lenght (unique (ID)) to calculate the mean of each food item
 for each specie:

 step2 = ddply (step1, .(Specie, Food.item), summarise, MWi = sum
 (Wi)/length (unique(ID)))

 I do not understand why this didn't work. Someone can help me?

 Thanks in advanced!


 *EXAMPLE*
 structure(list(ID = c(779L, 782L, 1717L, 1717L, 1717L, 1803L,
 2650L, 2650L, 2700L, 2700L, 3611L, 3613L, 3647L, 3654L, 3654L,
 3683L, 3683L, 3683L, 3685L, 3997L), Site = c(Três Marias, Três Marias,
 Nova Ponte, Nova Ponte, Nova Ponte, Três Marias, São Simão,
 São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão,
 São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão,
 São Simão, São Simão, São Simão), Specie = c(Acestrorhynchus
 lacustris,
 Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
 lacustris,
 Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Schizodon
 intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius), Weight = c(0.06, 0.01, 0.01, 0.33, 0.01,
 3.5, 0.01, 0.04, 0.01, 0.01, 0.38, 0.29, 0.04, 0.03, 0.11, 0.04,
 0.04, 0.03, 0.01, 0.01), Food.item = c(Fish, Vegetal, Alga,
 MNI, Sediment, Fish, Alga, MNI, Alga, MNI, Vegetal,
 Vegetal, Vegetal, Alga, Vegetal, Alga, MNI, Sediment,
 Sediment, Vegetal)), .Names = c(ID, Site, Specie,
 Weight, Food.item), row.names = c(1869113L, 2290407L, 56668L,
 1485394L, 2126489L, 368143L, 57601L, 1486327L, 57651L, 1486377L,
 2348187L, 2348189L, 2293272L, 58605L, 2293279L, 40317L, 1487360L,
 2128455L, 2128457L, 2293622L), class = data.frame)


 *SOLUTION*
 structure(list(Specie = c(Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
 lacustris,
 Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
 lacustris,
 Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius), Food.item = c(Peixe, Vegetal, Alga,
 MNI, Sedimento, Alga, MNI, Vegetal, Sedimento), MWi = c(0.5,
 0.25, 0.0075, 0.235, 0.0075, 0.14111, 0.18444,
 0.53222, 0.14111)), .Names = c(Specie, Food.item,
 MWi), class = data.frame, row.names = c(NA, -9L))
 *
 *
 sessionInfo()
 R version 2.15.2 (2012-10-26)
 Platform: i386-w64-mingw32/i386 (32-bit)
 Windows XP
 *
 *


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Re: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

2013-01-16 Thread Jessica Streicher
Sorry, but i don't get the problem at all.

Could you provide a bit of y by using dput()?

Can you provide an example of how you want the data to look like after the 
transformation?

On 16.01.2013, at 16:42, Andrea Goijman wrote:

 Dear list,
 
 I'm working with a large data set, where I grouped several species in one
 group (guild). Then I reshaped my data as shown below. Now, I just want to
 have Rep only as 1 or 0.
 
 I'm not being able to change the values of rep=1 to 1... tried many things
 and I'm not being successful!
 
 
 melting=melt(occ.data,id.var=c(guild, Site, Rep, Año),
 measure.var=Pres)
 y=cast(melting, Site ~ Rep ~ guild ~ Año)
 Aggregation requires fun.aggregate: length used as default
 
 y[1:10,,gui4a,1:2]
 , , Año = 2003
 
  Rep
 Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1021 0 0 0 0 0
  1022 0 0 0 0 0
  1023 0 0 0 0 0
  1024 0 0 0 0 0
  1025 0 0 0 0 0
  1026 0 0 0 0 0
 *  1051 3 1 2 3 5*
 *  1052 4 3 5 2 3*
 *  1053 4 3 3 3 2*
 *  1054 1 2 1 3 0*
 
 , , Año = 2004
 
  Rep
 Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1021 2 5 5 5 4
  1022 6 3 2 2 2
  1023 4 1 1 2 2
  1024 0 1 2 2 0
  1025 0 1 0 1 0
  1026 2 1 0 0 1
  1051 2 1 3 1 2
  1052 2 4 1 1 2
  1053 2 4 2 2 1
  1054 4 3 3 2 3
 
   [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
 
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Re: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

2013-01-16 Thread Jose Iparraguirre
Dear Andrea



I may have not understood the question properly, but I guess it has to do with 
replacing values before and after casting.

The molten object ('melting') is a data frame, whilst the cast object ('y') is 
an array.



Crucially, the values of the variable Rep in the 'melting' data frame become 
the names of the columns in each component within the cast array object. So, if 
you want to change the values where rep=1 to 1, you have to do that before 
casting the molten object.



If you look at ?cast, you get this example:



 names(airquality) - tolower(names(airquality))

 aqm - melt(airquality, id=c(month, day), na.rm=TRUE)

 cast(aqm, day ~ month ~ variable)



Let's assign the cast result to an object:



 y=cast(aqm, day ~ month ~ variable)





Now let's have a look at the three objects:



 head(airquality)

  ozone solar.r wind temp month day

141 190  7.4   67 5   1

236 118  8.0   72 5   2

312 149 12.6   74 5   3

418 313 11.5   62 5   4

5NA  NA 14.3   56 5   5

628  NA 14.9   66 5   6



 head(aqm)

  month day variable value

1 5   1ozone41

2 5   2ozone36

3 5   3ozone12

4 5   4ozone18

5 5   6ozone28

6 5   7ozone23



 y[1:10,,ozone]

month

day   5  6   7   8  9

  1  41 NA 135  39 96

  2  36 NA  49   9 78

  3  12 NA  32  16 73

  4  18 NA  NA  78 91

  5  NA NA  64  35 47

  6  28 NA  40  66 32

  7  23 29  77 122 20

  8  19 NA  97  89 23

  9   8 71  97 110 21

  10 NA 39  85  NA 24



 y[1:10,,wind]

month

day 56789

  1   7.4  8.6  4.1  6.9  6.9

  2   8.0  9.7  9.2 13.8  5.1

  3  12.6 16.1  9.2  7.4  2.8

  4  11.5  9.2 10.9  6.9  4.6

  5  14.3  8.6  4.6  7.4  7.4

  6  14.9 14.3 10.9  4.6 15.5

  7   8.6  9.7  5.1  4.0 10.9

  8  13.8  6.9  6.3 10.3 10.3

  9  20.1 13.8  5.7  8.0 10.9

  10  8.6 11.5  7.4  8.6  9.7



Etc.



So, if you want to change month5 to 5, you have to do that before casting the 
aqm dataframe. Once cast, what you get is an array with (in this example) the 
values for the variable month as column names within each component of the 
array.



Hope this helps,





José




PS: As an aside, from what I see, there are five Reps (1 to 5), so changing 
rep=1 to 1 will leave you with only 1 category -namely a vector in the arrays. 
That's fine but perhaps you meant rep1 rather than rep=1?









-Original Message-
From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org [mailto:r-help-boun...@r-project.org] On 
Behalf Of Andrea Goijman
Sent: 16 January 2013 15:42
To: R help
Subject: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0



Dear list,



I'm working with a large data set, where I grouped several species in one group 
(guild). Then I reshaped my data as shown below. Now, I just want to have Rep 
only as 1 or 0.



I'm not being able to change the values of rep=1 to 1... tried many things and 
I'm not being successful!





 melting=melt(occ.data,id.var=c(guild, Site, Rep, Año),

measure.var=Pres)

 y=cast(melting, Site ~ Rep ~ guild ~ Año)

Aggregation requires fun.aggregate: length used as default



 y[1:10,,gui4a,1:2]

, , Año = 2003



  Rep

Site   1 2 3 4 5

  1021 0 0 0 0 0

  1022 0 0 0 0 0

  1023 0 0 0 0 0

  1024 0 0 0 0 0

  1025 0 0 0 0 0

  1026 0 0 0 0 0

*  1051 3 1 2 3 5*

*  1052 4 3 5 2 3*

*  1053 4 3 3 3 2*

*  1054 1 2 1 3 0*



, , Año = 2004



  Rep

Site   1 2 3 4 5

  1021 2 5 5 5 4

  1022 6 3 2 2 2

  1023 4 1 1 2 2

  1024 0 1 2 2 0

  1025 0 1 0 1 0

  1026 2 1 0 0 1

  1051 2 1 3 1 2

  1052 2 4 1 1 2

  1053 2 4 2 2 1

  1054 4 3 3 2 3



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Re: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

2013-01-16 Thread Andrea Goijman
Sure! Although I'm not sure how to use dput()
Here is more detail and some data what I want is that  the repetitions
in Y (at the end) only have 1 or 0...

 library(reshape)
 library(car)

 ###Read in the occurence data
 occ.data - read.table(Occ_short.csv,
header=TRUE,sep=,,na.strings=TRUE) #occ data from 2007-2008
 occ.data[1:30,]
Año Punto Especie Pres Ruta_com Point Site Rep
1  201230TYSA1  10830 1086   5
2  201226VACH1  10826 1086   1
3  201227VACH1  10827 1086   2
4  201226ZEAU1  10826 1086   1
5  201227ZEAU1  10827 1086   2
6  201228ZEAU1  10828 1086   3
7  201230ZEAU1  10830 1086   5
8  2012 7TYSA1  111 7 1112   2
9  2012 6ZEAU1  111 6 1112   1
10 201210ZEAU1  11110 1112   5
11 201224TYSA1  11124 1115   4
12 201223VACH1  11123 1115   3
13 201221ZEAU1  11121 1115   1
14 201223ZEAU1  11123 1115   3
15 201224ZEAU1  11124 1115   4
16 201225ZEAU1  11125 1115   5
17 201228AMHU1  11128 1116   3
18 201229AMHU1  11129 1116   4
19 201230AMHU1  11130 1116   5
20 201227TYSA1  11127 1116   2
21 201226VACH1  11126 1116   1
22 201227VACH1  11127 1116   2
23 201226ZEAU1  11126 1116   1
24 201227ZEAU1  11127 1116   2
25 201229ZEAU1  11129 1116   4
26 201228ZOCA1  11128 1116   3
27 201229ZOCA1  11129 1116   4
28 201230ZOCA1  11130 1116   5
29 2012 5AMHU1  205 5 2051   5
30 2012 3SILU1  205 3 2051   3

 
 ## RECODE SPECIES INTO GUILDS
 #

 occ.data$guild- recode(occ.data$Especie,
c('AMHU','SILU','ZOCA')='gui4b';else='OTHER')
 occ.data[1:30,]
Año Punto Especie Pres Ruta_com Point Site Rep guild
1  201230TYSA1  10830 1086   5 OTHER
2  201226VACH1  10826 1086   1 OTHER
3  201227VACH1  10827 1086   2 OTHER
4  201226ZEAU1  10826 1086   1 OTHER
5  201227ZEAU1  10827 1086   2 OTHER
6  201228ZEAU1  10828 1086   3 OTHER
7  201230ZEAU1  10830 1086   5 OTHER
8  2012 7TYSA1  111 7 1112   2 OTHER
9  2012 6ZEAU1  111 6 1112   1 OTHER
10 201210ZEAU1  11110 1112   5 OTHER
11 201224TYSA1  11124 1115   4 OTHER
12 201223VACH1  11123 1115   3 OTHER
13 201221ZEAU1  11121 1115   1 OTHER
14 201223ZEAU1  11123 1115   3 OTHER
15 201224ZEAU1  11124 1115   4 OTHER
16 201225ZEAU1  11125 1115   5 OTHER
17 201228AMHU1  11128 1116   3 gui4b
18 201229AMHU1  11129 1116   4 gui4b
19 201230AMHU1  11130 1116   5 gui4b
20 201227TYSA1  11127 1116   2 OTHER
21 201226VACH1  11126 1116   1 OTHER
22 201227VACH1  11127 1116   2 OTHER
23 201226ZEAU1  11126 1116   1 OTHER
24 201227ZEAU1  11127 1116   2 OTHER
25 201229ZEAU1  11129 1116   4 OTHER
26 201228ZOCA1  11128 1116   3 gui4b
27 201229ZOCA1  11129 1116   4 gui4b
28 201230ZOCA1  11130 1116   5 gui4b
29 2012 5AMHU1  205 5 2051   5 gui4b
30 2012 3SILU1  205 3 2051   3 gui4b

 #
 The detection/non-detection data is reshaped into a four dimensional
 #array y where the first dimension, j, is the point; the second
 #dimension, k, is the rep; the third dimension, i, is the guild; and the
last
 #dimension t, is the year

 junk.melt=melt(occ.data,id.var=c(guild, Site, Rep, Año),
measure.var=Pres)
 y=cast(junk.melt, Site ~ Rep ~ guild ~ Año)
Aggregation requires fun.aggregate: length used as default
 y
, , guild = gui4b, Año = 2012

  Rep
Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1086 0 0 0 0 0
  1112 0 0 0 0 0
  1115 0 0 0 0 0
  1116 0 0 2 2 2
  2051 1 0 1 1 3
  2055 1 0 0 3 2
  2056 0 1 1 0 0

, , guild = OTHER, Año = 2012

  Rep
Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1086 2 2 1 0 2
  1112 1 1 0 0 1
  1115 1 0 2 2 1
  1116 2 3 0 1 0
  2051 2 3 1 1 3
  2055 1 2 2 1 0
  2056 1 2 1 1 0

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Re: [R] Recursive file Download from FTP

2013-01-16 Thread Peter Maclean
I want to download and unzip many files from the FTP and create variables for 
year, month, and day for each file based on the naming mechanism. I am stack 
with the following lines and any help will be appreciated.
 
library(RCurl)
# Download the files for 1985. 
url = ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/fews/AFR_CLIM/ARC2/DATA/1985/; 
filenames = getURL(url, ftp://ftp.use.epsv/ = FALSE, dirlistonly = TRUE) 
crlf = TRUE


Peter Maclean
Department of Economics
UDSM
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Re: [R] removing loops from code in making data.frame

2013-01-16 Thread arun
Hi,

In my first solution, you would get FALSE for identical(res,tutu) if you don't 
convert `res` columns to numeric.
Both res1, and tutu were matrix.  
You can check the column class by:
  apply(res1,2,class)
Also try:
 all.equal(res1,tutu)
#[1] TRUE

A.K.









From: Biau David djmb...@yahoo.fr
To: arun smartpink...@yahoo.com 
Cc: R help r-help@r-project.org 
Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 7:37 AM
Subject: Re: [R] removing loops from code in making data.frame


thanks, it goes a lot faster. Just one thing though, when I apply the code to 
my data, both data.frames end up differente. Or at least identical(df1, df2) 
if false

however when i do which(df1!=df2) it says 'integer (0)'.

Could that be due to the class of the vectors or some thing of the sort?

thanks,



David Biau



 De : arun smartpink...@yahoo.com
À : Biau David djmb...@yahoo.fr 
Cc : R help r-help@r-project.org 
Envoyé le : Mardi 15 janvier 2013 21h54
Objet : Re: [R] removing loops from code in making data.frame
 
Hi,

You could also do this:
res1-do.call(rbind,lapply(xaulist,function(x) 
as.numeric(apply(t(mapply(`==`,tata,x)),2,any
identical(res1,tutu)
#[1] TRUE
A.K.





- Original Message -
From: Biau David djmb...@yahoo.fr
To: r help list r-help@r-project.org
Cc: 
Sent: Tuesday, January 15, 2013 2:41 PM
Subject:
[R] removing loops from code in making data.frame

Dear all,

I am working on an author network and to do so I have to arrange a data.frame 
(tutu) crossing author names (rows) per publication number (column). The 
participation of the author to a study is indicated by a 1 and 0 otherwise.

I have a vector (xaulist) of all the names of authors and a data.frame (tata) 
with all the publications in row and the authors in columns. I have writen a 
loop to obtain my data.frame but it takes a long time when the number of 
studies increases. I was looking for a more efficient code.

Here is a minimal working example (my code is terrible i know...):

#-

au1 - c('deb', 'art', 'deb', 'seb', 'deb', 'deb', 'mar', 'mar', 'joy', 'deb')
au2 - c('art', 'deb', 'soy', 'deb', 'joy', 'ani', 'deb', 'deb', 'nem', 'mar')
au3 - c('mar', 'lio',
'mil', 'mar', 'ani', 'lul', 'nem', 'art', 'deb', 'tat')

tata - data.frame(au1, au2, au3)
xaulist2 - levels(factor(unlist(tata[,])))
xaulist - levels(as.factor(xaulist2))

tutu - matrix(NA, nrow=length(xaulist), ncol=dim(tata)[1]) # row are authors 
and col are papers
for (i in 1:length(xaulist))
{
  for (j in 1:dim(tata)[1])
  {
  ifelse('TRUE' %in% as.character(tata[j,]==xaulist[i]), tutu[i,j] - 1,  
tutu[i,j] - 0)
  }
}
tutu[is.na(tutu)] - 0

#-

I am looking at some more efficient way to build 'tutu'.

Thank you very much,

 
David

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[R] How to change levels?

2013-01-16 Thread paladini

Hello!
I have got a dataframe with 10 columns and 100 rows. The seventh column 
consists of a lot of country names.
When I use newdata=subset(data, data[, 7]==United Kingdom|data[, 
7]==Germany) I get just the rows where the country name is UK or 
Germany.
But the level information doesn`t change. That means if I use 
levels(newdata[,7]), I get:


 [1] Austria  Belgium
 [3] Denmark  Finland
 [5] France   Germany
 [7] SpainSweden
 [9] Switzerland  The Netherlands
 [11] United Kingdom   United States of America
That leads to problems in the further data processing .

How can I change the level information to the real levels of newdata?

Thanking you in anticipation

Claudia

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Re: [R] matrix manipulation with its rows

2013-01-16 Thread arun
HI,

You could also do this:

 lapply(sample1,function(x) {mat1-cbind(matrix(0,nrow=2,ncol=3),x); 
mat1[cbind(rep(1,3),1:3)]- mat1[cbind(rep(1,3),4:6)]; 
mat1[cbind(rep(1,3),4:6)]-0; mat1})
A.K.
- Original Message -

From: Kathryn Lord kathryn.lord2...@gmail.com
To: r-help@r-project.org
Cc: 
Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 2:59 AM
Subject: [R] matrix manipulation with its rows

Dear R users,

I have a question about matrix manipulation with its rows.

Plz see the simple example below


sample - list(matrix(1:6, nr=2,nc=3), matrix(7:12, nr=2,nc=3),
matrix(13:18,nr=2,nc=3))

 sample
[[1]]
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    1    3    5
[2,]    2    4    6

[[2]]
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    7    9   11
[2,]    8   10   12

[[3]]
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]   13   15   17
[2,]   14   16   18

With this list, I'd like to create this below

[[1]]
     [,1] [,2] [,3]  [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,]    1    3    5     0    0    0
[2,]    0    0    0   2    4    6

[[2]]
     [,1] [,2] [,3]   [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,]    7    9   11     0    0    0
[2,]     0    0    0    8   10   12

[[3]]
     [,1] [,2] [,3]       [,4]   [,5]   [,6]
[1,]   13   15   17      0    0    0
[2,]       0    0    0   14   16   18



Any suggestion will be greatly appreciated.

Regards,

Kathryn Lord

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Re: [R] random effects model

2013-01-16 Thread rex2013
Hi

I tried removing the missing values and installing plyr. Still error
message appears with ggplot2

Btw, did you get the attachments with my earlier mail?

Ta.

On Wed, Jan 16, 2013 at 3:16 AM, arun kirshna [via R] 
ml-node+s789695n4655612...@n4.nabble.com wrote:



 Hi,
 Check these links:
 http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lang.r.ggplot2/6527
 https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/ggplot2/nfVjxL0DXnY/5zf50zCeZuMJ
 A.K.

 
 From: Usha Gurunathan [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=0

 To: arun [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=1

 Cc: R help [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=2

 Sent: Tuesday, January 15, 2013 6:31 AM
 Subject: Re: [R] random effects model


 Hi AK

 Got an error message with
 library(ggplot2) 
 ggplot(BP.stack1,aes(x=factor(HiBP),fill=Obese))+geom_bar(position=fill)
 Error in rename(x, .base_to_ggplot, warn_missing = FALSE) :  could not find
 function revalue 
 ggplot(BP.stack1,aes(x=factor(HiBP),fill=Overweight))+geom_bar(position=fill)
 Error in rename(x, .base_to_ggplot, warn_missing = FALSE) :  could not find
 function revalue
 I got the dot plot, thanks for that.

 I have attached some plots, not sure how to interpret, they had unusual
 patterns.Is it because of missing data? I tried removing the missing data
 too. They still appeared the same. Do I need to transform the data?


 Thanks in advance.





 On Tue, Jan 15, 2013 at 8:54 AM, arun [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=3
 wrote:

 HI,

 
 
 BP_2b-read.csv(BP_2b.csv,sep=\t)
 BP_2bNM-na.omit(BP_2b)
 
 BP.stack3 -
 reshape(BP_2bNM,idvar=CODEA,timevar=time,sep=,varying=list(c(Obese14,Obese21),c(Overweight14,Overweight21),c(hibp14,hibp21)),v.names=c(Obese,Overweight,HiBP),times=factor(c(1,2)),direction=long)

 library(car)
 BP.stack3$Obese- recode(BP.stack3$Obese,1='Obese';0='Not Obese')
 BP.stack3$Overweight- recode(BP.stack3$Overweight,1='Overweight';0='Not
 Overweight')
 
 library(ggplot2)
 ggplot(BP.stack3,aes(x=factor(HiBP),fill=Obese))+geom_bar(position=fill)

 ggplot(BP.stack3,aes(x=factor(HiBP),fill=Overweight))+geom_bar(position=fill)

 
 You could try lmer() from lme4.
 library(lme4)
 fm1-lmer(HiBP~time+(1|CODEA), family=binomial,data=BP.stack3) #check
 codes, not sure
 print(dotplot(ranef(fm1,post=TRUE),
   scales = list(x = list(relation = free)))[[1]])
 qmt1- qqmath(ranef(fm1, postVar=TRUE))
 print(qmt1[[1]])
 
 
 A.K.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 From: Usha Gurunathan [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=4

 To: arun [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=5

 Cc: R help [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=6

 Sent: Monday, January 14, 2013 6:32 AM
 
 Subject: Re: [R] random effects model
 
 
 Hi AK
 
 I have been trying to create some plots. All being categorical variables,
 I am not getting any luck with plots. The few ones that have worked are
 below:
 
 barchart(~table(HiBP)|Obese,data=BP.sub3) ## BP.sub3 is the stacked data
 without missing values
 
 barchart(~table(HiBP)|Overweight,data=BP.sub3)
 
 plot(jitter(hibp14,factor=2)~jitter(Obese14,factor=2),col=gray,cex=0.7,
 data=Copy.of.BP_2)  ## Copy.of.BP_2 is the original wide format
 
 ## not producing any good plots with mixed models as well.
 summary(lme.3 - lme(HiBP~time, data=BP.sub3,random=~1|CODEA,
 na.action=na.omit))
 anova(lme.3)
 head(ranef(lme.3))
 print(plot(ranef(lme.3))) ##
 
 Thanks for any help.
 
 
 
 
 
 On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 4:33 AM, arun [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=7
 wrote:
 
 
 
 
 HI,
 
 I think I mentioned to you before that when you reshape the
 columns excluding the response variable, response variable gets repeated
 (in this case hibp14 or hibp21) and creates the error
 
 
 I run your code, there are obvious problems in the code so I didn't
 reach up to BP.gee
 
 
 BP_2b-read.csv(BP_2b.csv,sep=\t)
 BP.stack3 -
 reshape(BP_2b,idvar=CODEA,timevar=time,sep=_,varying=list(c(Obese14,Obese21),c(Overweight14,Overweight21)),v.names=c(Obese,Overweight),times=factor(c(1,2)),direction=long)

 
 
 BP.stack3 -
 transform(BP.stack3,CODEA=factor(CODEA),Sex=factor(Sex,labels=c(Male,Female)),MaternalAge=factor(MaternalAge,labels=c(39years
 or less,40-49 years,50 years or
 older)),Education=factor(Education,labels=c(Primary/special,Started
 secondary,Completed grade10, Completed grade12,
 College,University)),Birthplace=factor(Birthplace,labels=c(Australia,Other
 English-speaking,Other)))
 
  BP.stack3$Sex -
 factor(BP.stack3$Sex,levels=levels(BP.stack3$Sex)[c(2,1)])
 
  BP.sub3a -  subset(BP.stack3,subset=!(is.na(Sex)| is.na(Education)|
 is.na(Birthplace)|is.na(Education)|is.na(hibp14)| is.na(hibp21)))
  nrow(BP.sub3a)
 #[1] 3364
  BP.sub5a - BP.sub3a[order(BP.sub3a$CODEA),] # your code was BP.sub5a
 - BP.sub3a[order(BP.sub5a$CODEA),]
 
 ^ was 

[R] setting the legend scale in contour plots

2013-01-16 Thread Sarah Magozzi
Hi,

I'd like to compare SST data for year 2000 with SST for year 2001. I managed
to get filled contour plots showing monthly SST for both years (12 plots for
each year, 24 plots in total). In order to compare year 2000 and year 2001,
however, I'd need to have the same legend scale (same color bar) in both
years plots.

Thus, my question is: is there a way to set the legend scale in contour
plots?

Considering only year 2000, this is my script:

for (t in 1:12) {
SSTt[,,t]-t(SST[,,t])

filled.contour(

x=seq(-180,180, length.out=nrow(SSTt[,,t])), y=seq(-90,90,
length.out=ncol(SSTt[,,t])), SSTt[,,t],

xlim=range(seq(-180,180, length.out=nrow(SSTt[,,t])), finite=TRUE),

ylim=range(seq(-90,90, length.out=ncol(SSTt[,,t])), finite=TRUE),

zlim=range(SSTt[,,t], finite=TRUE),

levels=pretty(range(SSTt[,,t], finite=TRUE), nlevels), nlevels=25,

color.palette=heat.colors,

col=color.palette(length(pretty(range(SSTt[,,t], finite=TRUE), nlevels),
nlevels=25)-1),

)

}

When I try to run it, I get this error: Error in n[1L] : object of type
'closure' is not subsettable

Could you please tell me what's wrong?

Cheers

Sarah

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[R] Help with a parallel process

2013-01-16 Thread David Zamora Ávila
Hi R-Core,

i am using nnet and DEoptim,

Xcc=matrix(rnorm(100,0.5,0.08),50,2)
Ycr=matrix(rnorm(50,0.2,0.05),50,1)


pred_regm1 - function(A) {
  A1=A[1]
  A2=A[2]
  A3=A[3]
  regm1 -
nnet(Xcc,Ycr,entropy=T,size=A1,decay=A2,maxit=2000,trace=F,Hess=T,rang=A3,skip=T)
  dif=sum((predict(regm1,Xcc)-Ycr)^2)
  return(dif)
}

somar=DEoptim(pred_regm1,c(1,0.1,0.01), c(25,0.999,0.95),
  control = DEoptim.control(steptol=25,trace =
FALSE,itermax=500,parallelType=1))


but implemented parallel process, i have next error:

Error en checkForRemoteErrors(val) :   4 nodes produced errors; first
error: could not find function nnet

how I can solve my mistake?


Thanks and kind regards

-- 
David Zamora Ávila (I.C.)
Estudiante de la Maestría en Hidrosistemas
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Bogota, Colombia
Ed. José Gabriel Maldonado
Tel.: 3 20 83 20 Ext.: 5259

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[R] Problems regarding the package BRugs

2013-01-16 Thread moumita chatterjee
Respected Sir,
With reference to my mail to you dated 8th
January,2013, and the reply by you dated 9th January, 2013, I am sending
this mail to you. I had a problem regarding running a program in the latest
version of the BRugs package in R 2.15.1 and 2.15.2. I want to mention
here that this program runs well to others, who are running it using the
earlier version of this package.


 sir, I am running the program line by line. It seems that there is
an error in the function  samplesSample().  when I used the command
involving the function, the error was like below:
model has probably not yet been updated
model has probably not yet been updated


Is there any problem with the function, or the input of the function, in
the latest version of the BRugs package?
Can you please help me in this problem.
Thanking you.
   Moumita Chatterjee.
   Research Scholar
   Department Of Statistics
   University Of Calcutta

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[R] How to cut the time format short

2013-01-16 Thread Yuan, Rebecca
Hello all,

I have a time format looks like

31JAN2002:00:00:00.000

How could I cut it to

31JAN2002

?

I tried with format() but not work.

Thanks,

Rebecca

--
This message, and any attachments, is for the intended r...{{dropped:5}}

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[R] R and Windows 8

2013-01-16 Thread Claire Oswald
Hello:

I'd like to know if R will run under Windows 8?

Thank you,
CJO

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Re: [R] R and Windows 8

2013-01-16 Thread Duncan Murdoch

On 13-01-16 11:06 AM, Claire Oswald wrote:

Hello:

I'd like to know if R will run under Windows 8?


As far as I know, it has not been tested there.

Duncan Murdoch

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Re: [R] How to change levels?

2013-01-16 Thread Ista Zahn
Hi,

see ?droplevels and/or the stringsAsFactors section of ?options

Best,
Ista

On Wed, Jan 16, 2013 at 4:56 AM, paladini palad...@beuth-hochschule.de wrote:
 Hello!
 I have got a dataframe with 10 columns and 100 rows. The seventh column
 consists of a lot of country names.
 When I use newdata=subset(data, data[, 7]==United Kingdom|data[,
 7]==Germany) I get just the rows where the country name is UK or Germany.
 But the level information doesn`t change. That means if I use
 levels(newdata[,7]), I get:

  [1] Austria  Belgium
  [3] Denmark  Finland
  [5] France   Germany
  [7] SpainSweden
  [9] Switzerland  The Netherlands
  [11] United Kingdom   United States of America
 That leads to problems in the further data processing .

 How can I change the level information to the real levels of newdata?

 Thanking you in anticipation

 Claudia

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 PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
 and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.

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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


Re: [R] R and Windows 8

2013-01-16 Thread Gabor Grothendieck
On Wed, Jan 16, 2013 at 11:06 AM, Claire Oswald
claire.j.osw...@gmail.com wrote:
 Hello:

 I'd like to know if R will run under Windows 8?


I am running R on Windows 8 with no apparent problems.


--
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GKX Group, GKX Associates Inc.
tel: 1-877-GKX-GROUP
email: ggrothendieck at gmail.com

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Re: [R] Aligning labels to bars in barplot

2013-01-16 Thread David Arnold
Nice, worked very well. But because of the realignment, I now need to lower
by xlab a bit. Any suggestions?

David.



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View this message in context: 
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Aligning-labels-to-bars-in-barplot-tp4655701p4655749.html
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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Re: [R] read tab delimited file from a certain line

2013-01-16 Thread arun
Lines1 - readLines(con = textConnection(
informations (unknown count of lines)
... and at some point the table
--
year month mday value
2013 1 16 0 ))

 
indx-seq(match(regmatches(Lines1,regexpr(^year.*,Lines1)),Lines1),length(Lines1))
read.table(text=Lines1[indx],sep=,header=TRUE)
#  year month mday value
#1 2013 1   16 0
A.K.




- Original Message -
From: Christof Kluß ckl...@email.uni-kiel.de
To: r-h...@stat.math.ethz.ch
Cc: 
Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 9:17 AM
Subject: [R] read tab delimited file from a certain line

Hi

I would like to read table data from a text-files with extra informations in 
the header (of unknown line count). Example:

informations (unknown count of lines)
... and at some point the table
--
year month mday value
2013 1 16 0
...
                
If it was an excel file I could use something like read.xls(..., 
pattern=year) But it is a simple tab seperated text-file. Is there an easy 
way to read only the table? (Without dirty things ;))

Thx
Christof

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Re: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

2013-01-16 Thread arun


Hi,
May be this helps you.

source(Andreadata.txt)
 head(occ.data)
 melting- melt(occ.data,id.var=c(Point, Site, Rep, 
Año),measure.var=Pres)
 y-cast(melting,Site~Rep~Point~Año)
 dim(y)
#[1] 10  5 25  6
y[,,25,6]
#  Rep
#Site   1 2 3 4 5
 # 1021 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1022 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1051 0 0 0 0 0
 # 2073 0 0 0 0 0
 # 2194 0 0 0 0 0
 # 2195 0 0 0 0 0
 # 3055 0 0 0 0 7
 # 4072 0 0 0 0 0
 # 4073 0 0 0 0 0
 # 6202 0 0 0 0 0

library(plyr)
 y1-aaply(y,1,function(x) {x[x1]-1;x})
dim(y1)
#[1] 10  5 25  6
y1[,,25,6]
#  Rep
#Site   1 2 3 4 5
 # 1021 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1022 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1051 0 0 0 0 0
 # 2073 0 0 0 0 0
 # 2194 0 0 0 0 0
 # 2195 0 0 0 0 0
 # 3055 0 0 0 0 1
 # 4072 0 0 0 0 0
 # 4073 0 0 0 0 0
 # 6202 0 0 0 0 0
A.K.






- Original Message -
From: Andrea Goijman agoij...@cnia.inta.gov.ar
To: R help r-help@r-project.org
Cc: 
Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 10:42 AM
Subject: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

Dear list,

I'm working with a large data set, where I grouped several species in one
group (guild). Then I reshaped my data as shown below. Now, I just want to
have Rep only as 1 or 0.

I'm not being able to change the values of rep=1 to 1... tried many things
and I'm not being successful!


 melting=melt(occ.data,id.var=c(guild, Site, Rep, Año),
measure.var=Pres)
 y=cast(melting, Site ~ Rep ~ guild ~ Año)
Aggregation requires fun.aggregate: length used as default

 y[1:10,,gui4a,1:2]
, , Año = 2003

      Rep
Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1021 0 0 0 0 0
  1022 0 0 0 0 0
  1023 0 0 0 0 0
  1024 0 0 0 0 0
  1025 0 0 0 0 0
  1026 0 0 0 0 0
*  1051 3 1 2 3 5*
*  1052 4 3 5 2 3*
*  1053 4 3 3 3 2*
*  1054 1 2 1 3 0*

, , Año = 2004

      Rep
Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1021 2 5 5 5 4
  1022 6 3 2 2 2
  1023 4 1 1 2 2
  1024 0 1 2 2 0
  1025 0 1 0 1 0
  1026 2 1 0 0 1
  1051 2 1 3 1 2
  1052 2 4 1 1 2
  1053 2 4 2 2 1
  1054 4 3 3 2 3

    [[alternative HTML version deleted]]


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Re: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

2013-01-16 Thread Andrea Goijman
Thanks!! that should work!!


On Wed, Jan 16, 2013 at 1:03 PM, arun smartpink...@yahoo.com wrote:

 HI,

 Saw ur post in Nabble.
 occ.data-read.table(text=
 Año Punto Especie Pres Ruta_com Point Site Rep guild
 1  201230TYSA1  10830 1086   5 OTHER
 2  201226VACH1  10826 1086   1 OTHER
 3  201227VACH1  10827 1086   2 OTHER
 4  201226ZEAU1  10826 1086   1 OTHER
 5  201227ZEAU1  10827 1086   2 OTHER
 6  201228ZEAU1  10828 1086   3 OTHER
 7  201230ZEAU1  10830 1086   5 OTHER
 8  2012 7TYSA1  111 7 1112   2 OTHER
 9  2012 6ZEAU1  111 6 1112   1 OTHER
 10 201210ZEAU1  11110 1112   5 OTHER
 11 201224TYSA1  11124 1115   4 OTHER
 12 201223VACH1  11123 1115   3 OTHER
 13 201221ZEAU1  11121 1115   1 OTHER
 14 201223ZEAU1  11123 1115   3 OTHER
 15 201224ZEAU1  11124 1115   4 OTHER
 16 201225ZEAU1  11125 1115   5 OTHER
 17 201228AMHU1  11128 1116   3 gui4b
 18 201229AMHU1  11129 1116   4 gui4b
 19 201230AMHU1  11130 1116   5 gui4b
 20 201227TYSA1  11127 1116   2 OTHER
 21 201226VACH1  11126 1116   1 OTHER
 22 201227VACH1  11127 1116   2 OTHER
 23 201226ZEAU1  11126 1116   1 OTHER
 24 201227ZEAU1  11127 1116   2 OTHER
 25 201229ZEAU1  11129 1116   4 OTHER
 26 201228ZOCA1  11128 1116   3 gui4b
 27 201229ZOCA1  11129 1116   4 gui4b
 28 201230ZOCA1  11130 1116   5 gui4b
 29 2012 5AMHU1  205 5 2051   5 gui4b
 30 2012 3SILU1  205 3 2051   3 gui4b
 ,sep=,header=TRUE,stringsAsFactors=FALSE)

  junk.melt- melt(occ.data,id.var=c(guild, Site, Rep, Año),
  measure.var=Pres)
   y-cast(junk.melt, Site ~ Rep ~ guild ~ Año)
  y
 #, , guild = gui4b, Año = 2012
 #
  # Rep
 #Site   1 2 3 4 5
  # 1086 0 0 0 0 0
  # 1112 0 0 0 0 0
  # 1115 0 0 0 0 0
  # 1116 0 0 2 2 2
  # 2051 0 0 1 0 1

 #, , guild = OTHER, Año = 2012
 #
  # Rep
 #Site   1 2 3 4 5
  # 1086 2 2 1 0 2
  # 1112 1 1 0 0 1
  # 1115 1 0 2 2 1
  # 1116 2 3 0 1 0
   2051 0 0 0 0 0
 library(plyr)
  aaply(y,1,function(x) {x[x1]-1;x})
 #, , guild = gui4b
 #
 #  Rep
 #Site   1 2 3 4 5
  # 1086 0 0 0 0 0
  # 1112 0 0 0 0 0
  # 1115 0 0 0 0 0
  # 1116 0 0 1 1 1
  # 2051 0 0 1 0 1

 #, , guild = OTHER
 #
  # Rep
 #Site   1 2 3 4 5
  # 1086 1 1 1 0 1
  # 1112 1 1 0 0 1
  # 1115 1 0 1 1 1
  # 1116 1 1 0 1 0
  # 2051 0 0 0 0 0
 A.K.






 - Original Message -
 From: Andrea Goijman agoij...@cnia.inta.gov.ar
 To: R help r-help@r-project.org
 Cc:
 Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 10:42 AM
 Subject: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

 Dear list,

 I'm working with a large data set, where I grouped several species in one
 group (guild). Then I reshaped my data as shown below. Now, I just want to
 have Rep only as 1 or 0.

 I'm not being able to change the values of rep=1 to 1... tried many things
 and I'm not being successful!


  melting=melt(occ.data,id.var=c(guild, Site, Rep, Año),
 measure.var=Pres)
  y=cast(melting, Site ~ Rep ~ guild ~ Año)
 Aggregation requires fun.aggregate: length used as default

  y[1:10,,gui4a,1:2]
 , , Año = 2003

   Rep
 Site   1 2 3 4 5
   1021 0 0 0 0 0
   1022 0 0 0 0 0
   1023 0 0 0 0 0
   1024 0 0 0 0 0
   1025 0 0 0 0 0
   1026 0 0 0 0 0
 *  1051 3 1 2 3 5*
 *  1052 4 3 5 2 3*
 *  1053 4 3 3 3 2*
 *  1054 1 2 1 3 0*

 , , Año = 2004

   Rep
 Site   1 2 3 4 5
   1021 2 5 5 5 4
   1022 6 3 2 2 2
   1023 4 1 1 2 2
   1024 0 1 2 2 0
   1025 0 1 0 1 0
   1026 2 1 0 0 1
   1051 2 1 3 1 2
   1052 2 4 1 1 2
   1053 2 4 2 2 1
   1054 4 3 3 2 3

 [[alternative HTML version deleted]]


 __
 R-help@r-project.org mailing list
 https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
 PLEASE do read the posting guide
 http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
 and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.




-- 
---
Lic. Andrea Paula Goijman
Grupo Ecología y Gestión Ambiental de la Biodiversidad
IRB - INTA Castelar, Argentina
agoij...@cnia.inta.gov.ar
 http://inta.gob.ar/personas/goijman.andrea/
http://inta.gob.ar/personas/goijman.andrea/

PhD Candidate
Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources
University of Georgia
Athens, GA 30602 USA
Tel. +706.206.4805
andre...@uga.edu

[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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and 

Re: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

2013-01-16 Thread arun
HI,

Saw ur post in Nabble.
occ.data-read.table(text=
Año Punto Especie Pres Ruta_com Point Site Rep guild
1  2012    30    TYSA    1  108    30 1086   5 OTHER
2  2012    26    VACH    1  108    26 1086   1 OTHER
3  2012    27    VACH    1  108    27 1086   2 OTHER
4  2012    26    ZEAU    1  108    26 1086   1 OTHER
5  2012    27    ZEAU    1  108    27 1086   2 OTHER
6  2012    28    ZEAU    1  108    28 1086   3 OTHER
7  2012    30    ZEAU    1  108    30 1086   5 OTHER
8  2012 7    TYSA    1  111 7 1112   2 OTHER
9  2012 6    ZEAU    1  111 6 1112   1 OTHER
10 2012    10    ZEAU    1  111    10 1112   5 OTHER
11 2012    24    TYSA    1  111    24 1115   4 OTHER
12 2012    23    VACH    1  111    23 1115   3 OTHER
13 2012    21    ZEAU    1  111    21 1115   1 OTHER
14 2012    23    ZEAU    1  111    23 1115   3 OTHER
15 2012    24    ZEAU    1  111    24 1115   4 OTHER
16 2012    25    ZEAU    1  111    25 1115   5 OTHER
17 2012    28    AMHU    1  111    28 1116   3 gui4b
18 2012    29    AMHU    1  111    29 1116   4 gui4b
19 2012    30    AMHU    1  111    30 1116   5 gui4b
20 2012    27    TYSA    1  111    27 1116   2 OTHER
21 2012    26    VACH    1  111    26 1116   1 OTHER
22 2012    27    VACH    1  111    27 1116   2 OTHER
23 2012    26    ZEAU    1  111    26 1116   1 OTHER
24 2012    27    ZEAU    1  111    27 1116   2 OTHER
25 2012    29    ZEAU    1  111    29 1116   4 OTHER
26 2012    28    ZOCA    1  111    28 1116   3 gui4b
27 2012    29    ZOCA    1  111    29 1116   4 gui4b
28 2012    30    ZOCA    1  111    30 1116   5 gui4b
29 2012 5    AMHU    1  205 5 2051   5 gui4b
30 2012 3    SILU    1  205 3 2051   3 gui4b 
,sep=,header=TRUE,stringsAsFactors=FALSE)

 junk.melt- melt(occ.data,id.var=c(guild, Site, Rep, Año),
 measure.var=Pres) 
  y-cast(junk.melt, Site ~ Rep ~ guild ~ Año) 
 y
#, , guild = gui4b, Año = 2012
#
 #     Rep
#Site   1 2 3 4 5
 # 1086 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1112 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1115 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1116 0 0 2 2 2
 # 2051 0 0 1 0 1

#, , guild = OTHER, Año = 2012
#
 #     Rep
#Site   1 2 3 4 5
 # 1086 2 2 1 0 2
 # 1112 1 1 0 0 1
 # 1115 1 0 2 2 1
 # 1116 2 3 0 1 0
  2051 0 0 0 0 0
library(plyr)
 aaply(y,1,function(x) {x[x1]-1;x})
#, , guild = gui4b
#
#  Rep
#Site   1 2 3 4 5
 # 1086 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1112 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1115 0 0 0 0 0
 # 1116 0 0 1 1 1
 # 2051 0 0 1 0 1

#, , guild = OTHER
#
 #     Rep
#Site   1 2 3 4 5
 # 1086 1 1 1 0 1
 # 1112 1 1 0 0 1
 # 1115 1 0 1 1 1
 # 1116 1 1 0 1 0
 # 2051 0 0 0 0 0
A.K.






- Original Message -
From: Andrea Goijman agoij...@cnia.inta.gov.ar
To: R help r-help@r-project.org
Cc: 
Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 10:42 AM
Subject: [R] Changing frequency values to 1 and 0

Dear list,

I'm working with a large data set, where I grouped several species in one
group (guild). Then I reshaped my data as shown below. Now, I just want to
have Rep only as 1 or 0.

I'm not being able to change the values of rep=1 to 1... tried many things
and I'm not being successful!


 melting=melt(occ.data,id.var=c(guild, Site, Rep, Año),
measure.var=Pres)
 y=cast(melting, Site ~ Rep ~ guild ~ Año)
Aggregation requires fun.aggregate: length used as default

 y[1:10,,gui4a,1:2]
, , Año = 2003

      Rep
Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1021 0 0 0 0 0
  1022 0 0 0 0 0
  1023 0 0 0 0 0
  1024 0 0 0 0 0
  1025 0 0 0 0 0
  1026 0 0 0 0 0
*  1051 3 1 2 3 5*
*  1052 4 3 5 2 3*
*  1053 4 3 3 3 2*
*  1054 1 2 1 3 0*

, , Año = 2004

      Rep
Site   1 2 3 4 5
  1021 2 5 5 5 4
  1022 6 3 2 2 2
  1023 4 1 1 2 2
  1024 0 1 2 2 0
  1025 0 1 0 1 0
  1026 2 1 0 0 1
  1051 2 1 3 1 2
  1052 2 4 1 1 2
  1053 2 4 2 2 1
  1054 4 3 3 2 3

    [[alternative HTML version deleted]]


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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


Re: [R] How to cut the time format short

2013-01-16 Thread S Ellison
 

 I have a time format looks like
 31JAN2002:00:00:00.000
 How could I cut it to
 31JAN2002

You have several options depending on what form the data are in.

Assuming it is character data, you could use substr:

substr(31JAN2002:00:00:00.000, 1, 9)

or gsub:

gsub((.{9}).+, \\1, 31JAN2002:00:00:00.000)

or you could convert to date and reprint:
d - as.Date(31JAN2002:00:00:00.000, format=%d%b%Y)
format(d, %d%b%Y) 
#albeit with lowecase month

All of those should work on vectors.
Some will work on factors but to be safe, wrap the factors in as.character() 

S Ellison

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This email and any attachments are confidential. Any use...{{dropped:8}}

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Re: [R] R and Windows 8

2013-01-16 Thread Prof Brian Ripley

On 16/01/2013 16:06, Claire Oswald wrote:

Hello:

I'd like to know if R will run under Windows 8?


We have students running it under Windows 8, 32- and 64-bit OS.


--
Brian D. Ripley,  rip...@stats.ox.ac.uk
Professor of Applied Statistics,  http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/
University of Oxford, Tel:  +44 1865 272861 (self)
1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA)
Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax:  +44 1865 272595

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Re: [R] Log scale on y axis of parallel coordinate plot (lattice)

2013-01-16 Thread Patrick Connolly
On Mon, 07-Jan-2013 at 10:21PM +1100, Roland Seubert wrote:

| Hello all,
| 
| I would like to make a parallel coordinate plot with lattice. The
| plot should have vertical log scale axes, and should in principle
| look like this one (I put less chemical elements in my example
| below):
| 
| http://www.geokem.com/images/scans/epr-and-N_Chile_Ridge.gif
| 
| The data I am trying to plot are chemical analyses of rock samples
| (data frame df). The data needs to be normalised against a
| reference sample (vector norm), to get the actual data to be
| plotted (data frame df_n). Here is a simplified example:
| 
|  df - data.frame(La = c(3.0, 2.9, 2.7), Eu = c(0.86, 0.76, 0.66),
| Lu = c(0.07, 0.04, 0.04), row.names = c(sample1, sample2,
| sample3))
|  norm - c(0.237, 0.0563, 0.0246)
|  df_n - df / norm
|  df_n
|LaEuLu
| sample1  12.65823  3.628692 0.2953586
| sample2  51.50977 13.499112 0.7104796
| sample3 109.75610 26.829268 1.6260163
| 
| The plot needs the same scale for all axes, so my simple panel
| function would be:
| 
|  panel.myplot - function(..., common.scale) {panel.parallel(...,
| common.scale = TRUE)}
| 
| I tried to plot the data with the following command to get vertical
| axes with a log scale:
| 
|  parallelplot(~ df_n, panel = panel.myplot, horizontal.axis =
| FALSE, scales = list(y = list(log = 10)))
| 
| The problem is that lattice simply ignores the log scale and gives
| me the following warning:
| 
| Warning message:
| In parallelplot.formula(~df_n, panel = panel.spiderplot,
| horizontal.axis = FALSE,  :
|   cannot have log y-scale

Check out how to use the scales list in the help for xyplot().  You
might need to brush up on how the help for axis() to see which
parameters you need to set.

HTH

-- 
~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.   
   ___Patrick Connolly   
 {~._.~}   Great minds discuss ideas
 _( Y )_ Average minds discuss events 
(:_~*~_:)  Small minds discuss people  
 (_)-(_)  . Eleanor Roosevelt
  
~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.

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Re: [R] R and Windows 8

2013-01-16 Thread Leandro Marino
I'm using R 64 in Win8 64 without problems. Only the StatET plugin for
eclipse is not working.


2013/1/16 Prof Brian Ripley rip...@stats.ox.ac.uk

 On 16/01/2013 16:06, Claire Oswald wrote:

 Hello:

 I'd like to know if R will run under Windows 8?


 We have students running it under Windows 8, 32- and 64-bit OS.


 --
 Brian D. Ripley,  rip...@stats.ox.ac.uk
 Professor of Applied Statistics,  
 http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~**ripley/http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/
 University of Oxford, Tel:  +44 1865 272861 (self)
 1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA)
 Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax:  +44 1865 272595


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 posting-guide.html http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
 and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


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Re: [R] How to cut the time format short

2013-01-16 Thread Yuan, Rebecca
Hello Ellison,

Thanks very much!

I use the substr() and it works!

Have a great day!

Cheers,

Rebecca

-Original Message-
From: S Ellison [mailto:s.elli...@lgcgroup.com] 
Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 1:35 PM
To: Yuan, Rebecca; R help
Subject: RE: How to cut the time format short

 

 I have a time format looks like
 31JAN2002:00:00:00.000
 How could I cut it to
 31JAN2002

You have several options depending on what form the data are in.

Assuming it is character data, you could use substr:

substr(31JAN2002:00:00:00.000, 1, 9)

or gsub:

gsub((.{9}).+, \\1, 31JAN2002:00:00:00.000)

or you could convert to date and reprint:
d - as.Date(31JAN2002:00:00:00.000, format=%d%b%Y) format(d, %d%b%Y) 
#albeit with lowecase month

All of those should work on vectors.
Some will work on factors but to be safe, wrap the factors in as.character() 

S Ellison

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Re: [R] Problems regarding the package BRugs

2013-01-16 Thread Uwe Ligges



On 16.01.2013 12:13, moumita chatterjee wrote:

Respected Sir,
 With reference to my mail to you dated 8th
January,2013, and the reply by you dated 9th January, 2013, I am sending
this mail to you. I had a problem regarding running a program in the latest
version of the BRugs package in R 2.15.1 and 2.15.2. I want to mention
here that this program runs well to others, who are running it using the
earlier version of this package.


  sir, I am running the program line by line. It seems that there is
an error in the function  samplesSample().  when I used the command
involving the function, the error was like below:
model has probably not yet been updated
model has probably not yet been updated


And you have updated? Where is the reproducible code we ask for on this 
mailing list?


Best,
Uwe Ligges





Is there any problem with the function, or the input of the function, in
the latest version of the BRugs package?
Can you please help me in this problem.
Thanking you.
Moumita Chatterjee.
Research Scholar
Department Of Statistics
University Of Calcutta

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Re: [R] configure/build R on Windows

2013-01-16 Thread Uwe Ligges



On 15.01.2013 22:24, Beto . wrote:

Hello,

Does anyone knows if there is a Documentation or any wiki that
could help me to configure and build R
  using cygwin with the Intel Compilers on Windows?



No, cygwin is an unsupported platform.

Best,
Uwe Ligges






Thanks,
Humberto.

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Re: [R] Help with a parallel process

2013-01-16 Thread Uwe Ligges



On 16.01.2013 17:13, David Zamora Ávila wrote:

Hi R-Core,

i am using nnet and DEoptim,

Xcc=matrix(rnorm(100,0.5,0.08),50,2)
Ycr=matrix(rnorm(50,0.2,0.05),50,1)


pred_regm1 - function(A) {
   A1=A[1]
   A2=A[2]
   A3=A[3]
   regm1 -
nnet(Xcc,Ycr,entropy=T,size=A1,decay=A2,maxit=2000,trace=F,Hess=T,rang=A3,skip=T)
   dif=sum((predict(regm1,Xcc)-Ycr)^2)
   return(dif)
}

somar=DEoptim(pred_regm1,c(1,0.1,0.01), c(25,0.999,0.95),
   control = DEoptim.control(steptol=25,trace =
FALSE,itermax=500,parallelType=1))


but implemented parallel process, i have next error:

Error en checkForRemoteErrors(val) :   4 nodes produced errors; first
error: could not find function nnet

how I can solve my mistake?



Load nnet on all the nodes, not only on the master.

Best,
Uwe Ligges








Thanks and kind regards



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Re: [R] setting the legend scale in contour plots

2013-01-16 Thread Uwe Ligges



On 16.01.2013 12:00, Sarah Magozzi wrote:

Hi,

I'd like to compare SST data for year 2000 with SST for year 2001. I managed
to get filled contour plots showing monthly SST for both years (12 plots for
each year, 24 plots in total). In order to compare year 2000 and year 2001,
however, I'd need to have the same legend scale (same color bar) in both
years plots.

Thus, my question is: is there a way to set the legend scale in contour
plots?

Considering only year 2000, this is my script:

for (t in 1:12) {
SSTt[,,t]-t(SST[,,t])

filled.contour(

x=seq(-180,180, length.out=nrow(SSTt[,,t])), y=seq(-90,90,
length.out=ncol(SSTt[,,t])), SSTt[,,t],

xlim=range(seq(-180,180, length.out=nrow(SSTt[,,t])), finite=TRUE),

ylim=range(seq(-90,90, length.out=ncol(SSTt[,,t])), finite=TRUE),

zlim=range(SSTt[,,t], finite=TRUE),

levels=pretty(range(SSTt[,,t], finite=TRUE), nlevels), nlevels=25,

color.palette=heat.colors,

col=color.palette(length(pretty(range(SSTt[,,t], finite=TRUE), nlevels),
nlevels=25)-1),

)

}

When I try to run it, I get this error: Error in n[1L] : object of type
'closure' is not subsettable

Could you please tell me what's wrong?



Not likely anybody starts to create a reproducible example to check what 
is going on. The reproducible exampelm is what you should provide. See 
the posting guide.


Best,
Uwe Ligges




Cheers

Sarah

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Re: [R] configure/build R on Windows

2013-01-16 Thread peter dalgaard

On Jan 16, 2013, at 20:24 , Uwe Ligges wrote:

 
 
 On 15.01.2013 22:24, Beto . wrote:
 Hello,
 
 Does anyone knows if there is a Documentation or any wiki that
 could help me to configure and build R
  using cygwin with the Intel Compilers on Windows?
 
 
 No, cygwin is an unsupported platform.

Let me clarify that a bit: We're not forbidding people to try, or help each 
other with trying. It's just that R Core members have tried and failed to make 
a satisfactorily working build and at some point decided not to even try any 
more. So you're on your own. 

(I seem to recall that there is some lurking nastiness. If you manage to get 
something running, make very sure that R passes its make check-all self-tests 
before you release it on unsuspecting users!)

-- 
Peter Dalgaard, Professor,
Center for Statistics, Copenhagen Business School
Solbjerg Plads 3, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
Phone: (+45)38153501
Email: pd@cbs.dk  Priv: pda...@gmail.com

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Re: [R] Log scale on y axis of parallel coordinate plot (lattice)

2013-01-16 Thread ilai
On Wed, Jan 16, 2013 at 12:05 PM, Patrick Connolly 
p_conno...@slingshot.co.nz wrote:

 On Mon, 07-Jan-2013 at 10:21PM +1100, Roland Seubert wrote:

 | Hello all,
 |
 | I would like to make a parallel coordinate plot with lattice. The
 | plot should have vertical log scale axes, and should in principle
 | look like this one (I put less chemical elements in my example
 | below):
 |
 | http://www.geokem.com/images/scans/epr-and-N_Chile_Ridge.gif
 |
 | The data I am trying to plot are chemical analyses of rock samples
 | (data frame df). The data needs to be normalised against a
 | reference sample (vector norm), to get the actual data to be
 | plotted (data frame df_n). Here is a simplified example:
 |
 |  df - data.frame(La = c(3.0, 2.9, 2.7), Eu = c(0.86, 0.76, 0.66),
 | Lu = c(0.07, 0.04, 0.04), row.names = c(sample1, sample2,
 | sample3))
 |  norm - c(0.237, 0.0563, 0.0246)
 |  df_n - df / norm
 |  df_n
 |LaEuLu
 | sample1  12.65823  3.628692 0.2953586
 | sample2  51.50977 13.499112 0.7104796
 | sample3 109.75610 26.829268 1.6260163
 |
 | The plot needs the same scale for all axes, so my simple panel
 | function would be:
 |
 |  panel.myplot - function(..., common.scale) {panel.parallel(...,
 | common.scale = TRUE)}
 |
 | I tried to plot the data with the following command to get vertical
 | axes with a log scale:
 |
 |  parallelplot(~ df_n, panel = panel.myplot, horizontal.axis =
 | FALSE, scales = list(y = list(log = 10)))
 |
 | The problem is that lattice simply ignores the log scale and gives
 | me the following warning:
 |
 | Warning message:
 | In parallelplot.formula(~df_n, panel = panel.spiderplot,
 | horizontal.axis = FALSE,  :
 |   cannot have log y-scale

 Check out how to use the scales list in the help for xyplot().  You
 might need to brush up on how the help for axis() to see which
 parameters you need to set.

 Actually I don't think that's the OP's problem. My guess the attempt to
set the scale for y was because horizontal.axis = FALSE, which makes
intuitive sense but unfortunately is wrong for parallelplot (which uses
y.scales for annotation of the categories regardless of direction).
OP, try
c(parallelplot(~ df_n, horizontal.axis = FALSE, scales=list(x = list(log =
TRUE))) ,
 parallelplot(~ df_n, horizontal.axis = FALSE))

Cheers



 HTH

 --
 ~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.
___Patrick Connolly
  {~._.~}   Great minds discuss ideas
  _( Y )_ Average minds discuss events
 (:_~*~_:)  Small minds discuss people
  (_)-(_)  . Eleanor Roosevelt

 ~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.

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Re: [R] configure/build R on Windows

2013-01-16 Thread Uwe Ligges



On 16.01.2013 20:44, peter dalgaard wrote:


On Jan 16, 2013, at 20:24 , Uwe Ligges wrote:




On 15.01.2013 22:24, Beto . wrote:

Hello,

Does anyone knows if there is a Documentation or any wiki that
could help me to configure and build R
  using cygwin with the Intel Compilers on Windows?



No, cygwin is an unsupported platform.


Let me clarify that a bit: We're not forbidding people to try, or help each 
other with trying. It's just that R Core members have tried and failed to make 
a satisfactorily working build and at some point decided not to even try any 
more. So you're on your own.

(I seem to recall that there is some lurking nastiness. If you manage to get something 
running, make very sure that R passes its make check-all self-tests before 
you release it on unsuspecting users!)



Yes, same is true when using the other set of compilers.

Best,
Uwe

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Re: [R] Log scale on y axis of parallel coordinate plot (lattice)

2013-01-16 Thread ilai
On Wed, Jan 16, 2013 at 12:46 PM, ilai ke...@math.montana.edu wrote:

Oops... That's

require(latticeExtra)

 c(parallelplot(~ df_n, horizontal.axis = FALSE, scales=list(x = list(log =
 TRUE))) ,
  parallelplot(~ df_n, horizontal.axis = FALSE))


or you'll get the full printout of the two objects.
Sorry



 HTH

 --
 ~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.
___Patrick Connolly
  {~._.~}   Great minds discuss ideas
  _( Y )_ Average minds discuss events
 (:_~*~_:)  Small minds discuss people
  (_)-(_)  . Eleanor Roosevelt

 ~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.

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[R] Rscript on Mac : specify R64 over R (32-bit version)

2013-01-16 Thread Matthew Pettis
Hi,

I have both R and R64 installed on Mac OSX 10.8 Mountain Lion (64-bit).
 When I run the command

sessionInfo()

from within Rscript, I get:

R version 2.15.2 (2012-10-26)
Platform: i386-apple-darwin9.8.0/i386 (32-bit)

Is there a way to make Rscript point at the R64 rather than R (32-bit)?

Thanks,
Matt

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Re: [R] Read.dta and Write.dta Binary Data Error

2013-01-16 Thread Orvalho Augusto
We have the same problem. And we reported as bug:
https://bugs.r-project.org/bugzilla3/show_bug.cgi?id=15166

Hope someone can help

Orvalho

On Wed, Jan 16, 2013 at 8:05 PM, voldermatt matt.pece...@gmail.com wrote:

 Thanks in advance.

 I pass data sets between R and Stata and think dta files would be the best
 files for this. To do this I can use package foreign or package memisc. I
 mostly use foreign, although have used memisc and this problem mostly
 didn't
 happen, but created errors at other times.

 I have a csv data set (and created a test case) with with at least one
 column completely missing.  This eventually creates the error. My list of
 commands are:

 data - read.csv(file, colClasses = character)
 write.dta(data, newFile)
 read.dta(newFile)
 Error in read.dta(newFile) :
   a binary read error occurred

 The colClasses specificiation is important. This causes the error. Stata 10
 and Stata 11 can read the file. Stata 12 is completely lost looking at the
 dataset. I know this is an R forum, but the data set acts very strangely in
 Stata so I will continue. For my larger data set if I drop one of my
 variables, all variables that are all missing are dropped. Either there is
 an issue with how the data sets are being saved/stored, or I am doing
 something incorrectly by specifying the character option in read.csv.

 I run R version 2.15.1.

 Matt




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Re: [R] Rscript on Mac : specify R64 over R (32-bit version)

2013-01-16 Thread Prof Brian Ripley

On 16/01/2013 20:16, Matthew Pettis wrote:

Hi,

I have both R and R64 installed on Mac OSX 10.8 Mountain Lion (64-bit).
  When I run the command

sessionInfo()

from within Rscript, I get:

R version 2.15.2 (2012-10-26)
Platform: i386-apple-darwin9.8.0/i386 (32-bit)

Is there a way to make Rscript point at the R64 rather than R (32-bit)?


Yes, but it is much better to ask this on R-sig-mac. The main issue is 
why it has not done so by default.  You can always use


Rscript --arch-x86_64

Ah: this is 2.15.2 whose installer did not know about Mountain Lion: 
please update to R-patched from http://r.research.att.com/.




Thanks,
Matt

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As the posting guide asked.


--
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Professor of Applied Statistics,  http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/
University of Oxford, Tel:  +44 1865 272861 (self)
1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA)
Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax:  +44 1865 272595

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Re: [R] Codetools Query (repost)

2013-01-16 Thread Saptarshi Guha
thanks much.

Saptarshi

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[R] equivalent code that doesn't return same results?

2013-01-16 Thread cwladis
I need to automate changing the reference value for factors in analysis, and
it is my understanding that the following two sets of code should produce
identical results, but they do not:
1)dataset$method
2)eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$)))(in this case I
have IVcat[k]=method, which is why they are equal)

I even tested them in R, which says that these two objects are identical:
 identical(dataset$method,eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$
[1] TRUE

However, when I write the following code, which is the same in both cases
(except that the first case uses expression (1) above and the second case
uses expression (2)), it works in the first case but returns an error code
in the second:
 dataset$method-relevel(dataset$method,ref=online)
This code properly changes the reference level as desired.  

 eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$)))-relevel(eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$))),ref=online)
This code returns the following error:
Error in eval(parse(text = paste(dataset, IVcat[k], sep = $))) -
relevel(eval(parse(text = paste(dataset,  : 
  target of assignment expands to non-language object

I'm new to R, so maybe I'm making a stupid mistake here (maybe because I'm
still not understanding the relevel function properly?), but I've been
banging my head against this for most of the day, and I'm out of ideas...

Thanks for taking the time to read my post, and thanks in advance for any
help!



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Re: [R] equivalent code that doesn't return same results?

2013-01-16 Thread William Dunlap
 eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$)))-relevel(eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$))),ref=online)
This code returns the following error:
Error in eval(parse(text = paste(dataset, IVcat[k], sep = $))) -
relevel(eval(parse(text = paste(dataset,  : 
  target of assignment expands to non-language object

Replace
eval(parse(text=paste(dataset, IVcat[k], sep=$)))
with
dataset[[ IVcat[k] ]]
everywhere.

This works because
object$componentName
is the same as
object[[ componentName ]]
and the [[ version lets you use a variable for the name of the component.

Bill Dunlap
Spotfire, TIBCO Software
wdunlap tibco.com


 -Original Message-
 From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org [mailto:r-help-boun...@r-project.org] On 
 Behalf
 Of cwladis
 Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 1:12 PM
 To: r-help@r-project.org
 Subject: [R] equivalent code that doesn't return same results?
 
 I need to automate changing the reference value for factors in analysis, and
 it is my understanding that the following two sets of code should produce
 identical results, but they do not:
 1)dataset$method
 2)eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$)))(in this case I
 have IVcat[k]=method, which is why they are equal)
 
 I even tested them in R, which says that these two objects are identical:
  identical(dataset$method,eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$
 [1] TRUE
 
 However, when I write the following code, which is the same in both cases
 (except that the first case uses expression (1) above and the second case
 uses expression (2)), it works in the first case but returns an error code
 in the second:
  dataset$method-relevel(dataset$method,ref=online)
 This code properly changes the reference level as desired.
 
  eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$)))-
 relevel(eval(parse(text=paste(dataset,IVcat[k],sep=$))),ref=online)
 This code returns the following error:
 Error in eval(parse(text = paste(dataset, IVcat[k], sep = $))) -
 relevel(eval(parse(text = paste(dataset,  :
   target of assignment expands to non-language object
 
 I'm new to R, so maybe I'm making a stupid mistake here (maybe because I'm
 still not understanding the relevel function properly?), but I've been
 banging my head against this for most of the day, and I'm out of ideas...
 
 Thanks for taking the time to read my post, and thanks in advance for any
 help!
 
 
 
 --
 View this message in context: 
 http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/equivalent-code-that-
 doesn-t-return-same-results-tp4655788.html
 Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
 
 __
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Re: [R] Recursive file Download from FTP

2013-01-16 Thread Peter Maclean
 
I want to download and unzip many files from the FTP and create variables for 
year, month, and day for each file based on the naming mechanism. I am stack 
with the following lines and any help will be highly appreciated. I want to 
create a spreadsheet file with lat lon and estimate as headers. 
 
library(RCurl)
# Download the files for 1985. 
url = ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/fews/AFR_CLIM/ARC2/DATA/1985/; 
filenames = getURL(url, ftp://ftp.use.epsv/ = FALSE, dirlistonly = TRUE) 
crlf = TRUE


Peter Maclean
Department of Economics
UDSM
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Re: [R] Recursive file Download from FTP

2013-01-16 Thread Rui Barradas
Hello,

You have an extra argument to getURL that is _not_ an argument: 
ftp://ftp.use.epsv/
To get the list of files just do

url - ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/fews/AFR_CLIM/ARC2/DATA/1985/;
filenames - getURL(url, dirlistonly = TRUE)
fn - unlist(strsplit(filenames, \r\n))

# To download the files
destdir - C:/Rui/Temp/  # Adapt to your system
lapply(fn, function(x) download.file(paste0(url, x), paste0(destdir, x)))


Hope this helps,

Rui Barradas
Em 16-01-2013 22:41, Peter Maclean escreveu:
   
 I want to download and unzip many files from the FTP and create variables for 
 year, month, and day for each file based on the naming mechanism. I am stack 
 with the following lines and any help will be highly appreciated. I want to 
 create a spreadsheet file with lat lon and estimate as headers.
   
 library(RCurl)
 # Download the files for 1985.
 url = ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/fews/AFR_CLIM/ARC2/DATA/1985/;
 filenames = getURL(url, ftp://ftp.use.epsv/ = FALSE, dirlistonly = TRUE)
 crlf = TRUE


 Peter Maclean
 Department of Economics
 UDSM
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[R] Equivalent of box() in grid graphics

2013-01-16 Thread p_connolly
Paul Murell's article What's in a Name in The R Journal Vol 4/2
gives an interesting example of editing a stacked barplot of the barley
data.  Using the method described in that article, it's easy to do
something along the lines of

grid.edit(plot_01.border.strip.1,
  grep=TRUE, global=TRUE,
  gp=gpar(col = red))

That changes more than I'd like to change. I'd like to change only the
bottom line of the rectangle.  How would I overwrite the unwanted red
lines along the lines of what box() would do with base graphics?

TIA
Patrick

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[R] error installing KEGGSOAP

2013-01-16 Thread array chip
Hi, I am new to bioconductor, trying to install KEGGSOAP package, but got 
warnings() when installing and error message when trying to load the package, 
can anyone suggest what went wrong?

many thanks

John



 source(http://bioconductor.org/biocLite.R;)
Bioconductor version 2.11 (BiocInstaller 1.8.3), ?biocLite for help
 biocLite(KEGGSOAP)
BioC_mirror: http://bioconductor.org
Using Bioconductor version 2.11 (BiocInstaller 1.8.3), R version 2.15.
Installing package(s) 'KEGGSOAP'
trying URL 
'http://bioconductor.org/packages/2.11/bioc/bin/windows/contrib/2.15/KEGGSOAP_1.32.0.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 69037 bytes (67 Kb)
opened URL
downloaded 67 Kb

package ‘KEGGSOAP’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked

The downloaded binary packages are in
        C:\Users\yzhang\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpawAjwx\downloaded_packages
Warning message:
installed directory not writable, cannot update packages 'acepack', 'actuar', 
'ada', 'ade4', 'ade4TkGUI',
  'agricolae', 'akima', 'ape', 'aplpack', 'arules', 'bitops', 'boot', 'Cairo', 
'car', 'caTools', 'cba',
  'chron', 'class', 'clue', 'cluster', 'coda', 'colorspace', 'CompQuadForm', 
'corpcor', 'DAAG', 'date',
  'deldir', 'descr', 'deSolve', 'devtools', 'digest', 'diptest', 'doBy', 
'DoE.wrapper', 'e1071', 'effects',
  'ENmisc', 'epiR', 'eRm', 'evaluate', 'evd', 'FactoMineR', 'fArma', 
'fAssets', 'fBasics', 'fdrtool',
  'fExoticOptions', 'fExtremes', 'fGarch', 'fields', 'flexclust', 'fMultivar', 
'fNonlinear', 'fOptions',
  'forecast', 'foreign', 'fpc', 'fracdiff', 'fRegression', 'FrF2', 
'FrF2.catlg128', 'fTrading',
  'fUnitRoots', 'gamlss', 'gamlss.data', 'gamlss.dist', 'gclus', 'gdata', 
'geoR', 'GGally', 'ggm',
  'ggplot2', 'gmodels', 'gridBase', 'gWidgets', 'gWidgetstcltk', 'HH', 
'Hmisc', 'httr', 'igraph',
  'igraph0', 'inline', 'ipred', 'isa2', 'JavaGD', 'JGR', 'kernlab', 'KernSmoot 
[... truncated]


 library(KEGGSOAP)
Loading required package: BiocGenerics

Attaching package: ‘BiocGenerics’

The following object(s) are masked from ‘package:stats’:

    xtabs

The following object(s) are masked from ‘package:base’:

    anyDuplicated, cbind, colnames, duplicated, eval, Filter, Find, get, 
intersect, lapply, Map, mapply, mget, order, paste,
    pmax, pmax.int, pmin, pmin.int, Position, rbind, Reduce, rep.int, 
rownames, sapply, setdiff, table, tapply, union, unique

failed to load HTTP resource
Error : .onLoad failed in loadNamespace() for 'KEGGSOAP', details:
  call: NULL
  error: 1: failed to load HTTP resource

Error: package/namespace load failed for ‘KEGGSOAP’


 sessionInfo()
R version 2.15.1 (2012-06-22)
Platform: x86_64-pc-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)

locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252  LC_CTYPE=English_United 
States.1252   
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United States.1252 LC_NUMERIC=C            
              
[5] LC_TIME=English_United States.1252    

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices datasets  utils     methods   
base     

other attached packages:
[1] BiocGenerics_0.4.0  BiocInstaller_1.8.3

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] codetools_0.2-8 RCurl_1.91-1.1  SSOAP_0.8-0     tools_2.15.1    
XML_3.9-4.1     XMLSchema_0.7-2
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


Re: [R] error installing KEGGSOAP

2013-01-16 Thread Jeff Newmiller
What went wrong? You cross-posted. Don't ask about bioconductor packages on 
R-help.
---
Jeff NewmillerThe .   .  Go Live...
DCN:jdnew...@dcn.davis.ca.usBasics: ##.#.   ##.#.  Live Go...
  Live:   OO#.. Dead: OO#..  Playing
Research Engineer (Solar/BatteriesO.O#.   #.O#.  with
/Software/Embedded Controllers)   .OO#.   .OO#.  rocks...1k
--- 
Sent from my phone. Please excuse my brevity.

array chip arrayprof...@yahoo.com wrote:

Hi, I am new to bioconductor, trying to install KEGGSOAP package, but
got warnings() when installing and error message when trying to load
the package, can anyone suggest what went wrong?

many thanks

John



 source(http://bioconductor.org/biocLite.R;)
Bioconductor version 2.11 (BiocInstaller 1.8.3), ?biocLite for help
 biocLite(KEGGSOAP)
BioC_mirror: http://bioconductor.org
Using Bioconductor version 2.11 (BiocInstaller 1.8.3), R version 2.15.
Installing package(s) 'KEGGSOAP'
trying URL
'http://bioconductor.org/packages/2.11/bioc/bin/windows/contrib/2.15/KEGGSOAP_1.32.0.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 69037 bytes (67 Kb)
opened URL
downloaded 67 Kb

package ���KEGGSOAP��� successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked

The downloaded binary packages are in
��
C:\Users\yzhang\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpawAjwx\downloaded_packages
Warning message:
installed directory not writable, cannot update packages 'acepack',
'actuar', 'ada', 'ade4', 'ade4TkGUI',
�� 'agricolae', 'akima', 'ape', 'aplpack', 'arules', 'bitops', 'boot',
'Cairo', 'car', 'caTools', 'cba',
�� 'chron', 'class', 'clue', 'cluster', 'coda', 'colorspace',
'CompQuadForm', 'corpcor', 'DAAG', 'date',
�� 'deldir', 'descr', 'deSolve', 'devtools', 'digest', 'diptest',
'doBy', 'DoE.wrapper', 'e1071', 'effects',
�� 'ENmisc', 'epiR', 'eRm', 'evaluate', 'evd', 'FactoMineR', 'fArma',
'fAssets', 'fBasics', 'fdrtool',
�� 'fExoticOptions', 'fExtremes', 'fGarch', 'fields', 'flexclust',
'fMultivar', 'fNonlinear', 'fOptions',
�� 'forecast', 'foreign', 'fpc', 'fracdiff', 'fRegression', 'FrF2',
'FrF2.catlg128', 'fTrading',
�� 'fUnitRoots', 'gamlss', 'gamlss.data', 'gamlss.dist', 'gclus',
'gdata', 'geoR', 'GGally', 'ggm',
�� 'ggplot2', 'gmodels', 'gridBase', 'gWidgets', 'gWidgetstcltk', 'HH',
'Hmisc', 'httr', 'igraph',
�� 'igraph0', 'inline', 'ipred', 'isa2', 'JavaGD', 'JGR', 'kernlab',
'KernSmoot [... truncated]


 library(KEGGSOAP)
Loading required package: BiocGenerics

Attaching package: ���BiocGenerics���

The following object(s) are masked from ���package:stats���:

�� xtabs

The following object(s) are masked from ���package:base���:

�� anyDuplicated, cbind, colnames, duplicated, eval, Filter, Find,
get, intersect, lapply, Map, mapply, mget, order, paste,
�� pmax, pmax.int, pmin, pmin.int, Position, rbind, Reduce,
rep.int, rownames, sapply, setdiff, table, tapply, union, unique

failed to load HTTP resource
Error : .onLoad failed in loadNamespace() for 'KEGGSOAP', details:
�� call: NULL
�� error: 1: failed to load HTTP resource

Error: package/namespace load failed for ���KEGGSOAP���


 sessionInfo()
R version 2.15.1 (2012-06-22)
Platform: x86_64-pc-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)

locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252�� LC_CTYPE=English_United
States.1252 
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United States.1252
LC_NUMERIC=C�� 
[5] LC_TIME=English_United States.1252�� 

attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics�� grDevices datasets�� utils
methods base 

other attached packages:
[1] BiocGenerics_0.4.0�� BiocInstaller_1.8.3

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] codetools_0.2-8 RCurl_1.91-1.1�� SSOAP_0.8-0
tools_2.15.1�� XML_3.9-4.1 XMLSchema_0.7-2
   [[alternative HTML version deleted]]





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Re: [R] create block diagonal with each rows

2013-01-16 Thread Andrew Robinson
Hi Kathryn,

take a look at the kronecker function.

Cheers

Andrew


On Thu, Jan 17, 2013 at 1:11 PM, Kathryn Lord kathryn.lord2...@gmail.comwrote:

 Dear R users,

 I'd like to create a block diagonal matrix with each rows in a matrix.

 Here is a simple example. (In fact, the matrix is big)


 x - matrix(1:20, 4,5)

  x
  [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
 [1,]159   13   17
 [2,]26   10   14   18
 [3,]37   11   15   19
 [4,]48   12   16   20


 With each rows in matrix x, I'd like to make the matrix below.


  [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9][,10]
 [,11][,12][,13][,14][,15][,16][,17][,18][,19][,20]
 [1,]159   13   17   00000 000
 00 00000
 [2,]0000026   10   14   18   000
 00 00000
 [3,]0000000000 37   11
 15   19   00000
 [4,]0000000000 000
 00 48   12   16   20


 Any suggestion will be greatly appreciated.

 Best,

 Kathryn Lord

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 __
 R-help@r-project.org mailing list
 https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
 PLEASE do read the posting guide
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-- 
Andrew Robinson
Director (A/g), ACERA
Senior Lecturer in Applied Statistics  Tel:
+61-3-8344-6410
Department of Mathematics and StatisticsFax: +61-3-8344 4599
University of Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
Email: a.robin...@ms.unimelb.edu.auWebsite: http://www.ms.unimelb.edu.au

FAwR: http://www.ms.unimelb.edu.au/~andrewpr/FAwR/
SPuR: http://www.ms.unimelb.edu.au/spuRs/

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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


[R] exporting simulated data

2013-01-16 Thread Ray Cheung
Dear All,

I wrote a function datagen to simulate a dataset. I would like to generate
1000 datasets and export them with file names from data0001.dat to
data1000.dat. Would anybody please provide some useful codes on this? Thank
you very much.

Best Regards,
Ray

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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


Re: [R] create block diagonal with each rows

2013-01-16 Thread arun
Hi,
May be this helps:
library(Matrix)
res1-lapply(split(x,1:nrow(x)),function(y) 
sparseMatrix(i=rep(1:4,each=5),j=1:(4*5),x=y))
 do.call(rbind,lapply(seq_along(res1),function(i) res1[[i]][i,]))
# [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12] [,13] [,14]
#[1,]    1    5    9   13   17    0    0    0    0 0 0 0 0 0
#[2,]    0    0    0    0    0    2    6   10   14    18 0 0 0 0
#[3,]    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0 0 3 7    11    15
#[4,]    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0 0 0 0 0 0
# [,15] [,16] [,17] [,18] [,19] [,20]
#[1,] 0 0 0 0 0 0
#[2,] 0 0 0 0 0 0
#[3,]    19 0 0 0 0 0
#[4,] 0 4 8    12    16    20

A.K.




- Original Message -
From: Kathryn Lord kathryn.lord2...@gmail.com
To: r-help r-help@r-project.org
Cc: 
Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 9:11 PM
Subject: [R] create block diagonal with each rows

Dear R users,

I'd like to create a block diagonal matrix with each rows in a matrix.

Here is a simple example. (In fact, the matrix is big)


x - matrix(1:20, 4,5)

 x
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
[1,]    1    5    9   13   17
[2,]    2    6   10   14   18
[3,]    3    7   11   15   19
[4,]    4    8   12   16   20


With each rows in matrix x, I'd like to make the matrix below.


     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9][,10]
[,11][,12][,13][,14][,15][,16][,17][,18][,19][,20]
[1,]    1    5    9   13   17   0    0    0    0    0     0    0    0
0    0     0    0    0    0    0
[2,]    0    0    0    0    0    2    6   10   14   18   0    0    0
0    0     0    0    0    0    0
[3,]    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0     3    7   11
15   19   0    0    0    0    0
[4,]    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0     0    0    0
0    0     4    8   12   16   20


Any suggestion will be greatly appreciated.

Best,

Kathryn Lord

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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


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Re: [R] random effects model

2013-01-16 Thread arun
HI,

In the same link at the bottom of the page,



All is well now after updating all packages with the following:
update.packages()

It may or may not solve your problem.

I got your attachments.  You should post those questions in 
(r-sig-mixed-mod...@r-project.org).  I suggest you to read lme4 book 
(http://lme4.r-forge.r-project.org/lMMwR/)
#lrgprt.pdf

A.K.







- Original Message -
From: rex2013 usha.nat...@gmail.com
To: r-help@r-project.org
Cc: 
Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 5:06 AM
Subject: Re: [R] random effects model

Hi

I tried removing the missing values and installing plyr. Still error
message appears with ggplot2

Btw, did you get the attachments with my earlier mail?

Ta.

On Wed, Jan 16, 2013 at 3:16 AM, arun kirshna [via R] 
ml-node+s789695n4655612...@n4.nabble.com wrote:



 Hi,
 Check these links:
 http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lang.r.ggplot2/6527
 https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/ggplot2/nfVjxL0DXnY/5zf50zCeZuMJ
 A.K.

 
 From: Usha Gurunathan [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=0

 To: arun [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=1

 Cc: R help [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=2

 Sent: Tuesday, January 15, 2013 6:31 AM
 Subject: Re: [R] random effects model


 Hi AK

 Got an error message with
 library(ggplot2) 
 ggplot(BP.stack1,aes(x=factor(HiBP),fill=Obese))+geom_bar(position=fill)
 Error in rename(x, .base_to_ggplot, warn_missing = FALSE) :  could not find
 function revalue 
 ggplot(BP.stack1,aes(x=factor(HiBP),fill=Overweight))+geom_bar(position=fill)
 Error in rename(x, .base_to_ggplot, warn_missing = FALSE) :  could not find
 function revalue
 I got the dot plot, thanks for that.

 I have attached some plots, not sure how to interpret, they had unusual
 patterns.Is it because of missing data? I tried removing the missing data
 too. They still appeared the same. Do I need to transform the data?


 Thanks in advance.





 On Tue, Jan 15, 2013 at 8:54 AM, arun [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=3
 wrote:

 HI,

 
 
 BP_2b-read.csv(BP_2b.csv,sep=\t)
 BP_2bNM-na.omit(BP_2b)
 
 BP.stack3 -
 reshape(BP_2bNM,idvar=CODEA,timevar=time,sep=,varying=list(c(Obese14,Obese21),c(Overweight14,Overweight21),c(hibp14,hibp21)),v.names=c(Obese,Overweight,HiBP),times=factor(c(1,2)),direction=long)

 library(car)
 BP.stack3$Obese- recode(BP.stack3$Obese,1='Obese';0='Not Obese')
 BP.stack3$Overweight- recode(BP.stack3$Overweight,1='Overweight';0='Not
 Overweight')
 
 library(ggplot2)
 ggplot(BP.stack3,aes(x=factor(HiBP),fill=Obese))+geom_bar(position=fill)

 ggplot(BP.stack3,aes(x=factor(HiBP),fill=Overweight))+geom_bar(position=fill)

 
 You could try lmer() from lme4.
 library(lme4)
 fm1-lmer(HiBP~time+(1|CODEA), family=binomial,data=BP.stack3) #check
 codes, not sure
 print(dotplot(ranef(fm1,post=TRUE),
               scales = list(x = list(relation = free)))[[1]])
 qmt1- qqmath(ranef(fm1, postVar=TRUE))
 print(qmt1[[1]])
 
 
 A.K.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 From: Usha Gurunathan [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=4

 To: arun [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=5

 Cc: R help [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=6

 Sent: Monday, January 14, 2013 6:32 AM
 
 Subject: Re: [R] random effects model
 
 
 Hi AK
 
 I have been trying to create some plots. All being categorical variables,
 I am not getting any luck with plots. The few ones that have worked are
 below:
 
 barchart(~table(HiBP)|Obese,data=BP.sub3) ## BP.sub3 is the stacked data
 without missing values
 
 barchart(~table(HiBP)|Overweight,data=BP.sub3)
 
 plot(jitter(hibp14,factor=2)~jitter(Obese14,factor=2),col=gray,cex=0.7,
 data=Copy.of.BP_2)  ## Copy.of.BP_2 is the original wide format
 
 ## not producing any good plots with mixed models as well.
 summary(lme.3 - lme(HiBP~time, data=BP.sub3,random=~1|CODEA,
 na.action=na.omit))
 anova(lme.3)
 head(ranef(lme.3))
 print(plot(ranef(lme.3))) ##
 
 Thanks for any help.
 
 
 
 
 
 On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 4:33 AM, arun [hidden 
 email]http://user/SendEmail.jtp?type=nodenode=4655612i=7
 wrote:
 
 
 
 
 HI,
 
 I think I mentioned to you before that when you reshape the
 columns excluding the response variable, response variable gets repeated
 (in this case hibp14 or hibp21) and creates the error
 
 
 I run your code, there are obvious problems in the code so I didn't
 reach up to BP.gee
 
 
 BP_2b-read.csv(BP_2b.csv,sep=\t)
 BP.stack3 -
 reshape(BP_2b,idvar=CODEA,timevar=time,sep=_,varying=list(c(Obese14,Obese21),c(Overweight14,Overweight21)),v.names=c(Obese,Overweight),times=factor(c(1,2)),direction=long)

 
 
 BP.stack3 -
 transform(BP.stack3,CODEA=factor(CODEA),Sex=factor(Sex,labels=c(Male,Female)),MaternalAge=factor(MaternalAge,labels=c(39years
 or less,40-49 years,50 years or
 

[R] How to plot this simple step function?

2013-01-16 Thread Bornin1992
Hi everyone, 

I am trying to graph a step function in R Studio. I just learned about R
today and decided to try it!  The following is what I want it to look like.
I graphed it using 

x - 0:5
y - c(0, .2, .3, .6, .9, 1.0)
plot(x, y, type = s)
 
And used Microsoft Paint to get it to how I wanted it to look, but I want to
do it in R Studio completely. 

http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/file/n4655792/plot.png 

How can I replicate this image? Also, when do I use the window above the
Console?

Any incredibly easy tutorials out there to get me started?




--
View this message in context: 
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/How-to-plot-this-simple-step-function-tp4655792.html
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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R-help@r-project.org mailing list
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.


Re: [R] Mean calculation by two variables

2013-01-16 Thread Raoni Rodrigues
Hello Rui!

Thanks a lot for your help!

Sorry for make mistake with the factor's name, was inattention during data
preparation for the asking mail.

Unfortunately, it not simple mean calculation, because same individual
could have more than one row, if it eat more than a food item. In example
data, Acestrorhynchus lacustris are represent by six rows and just four
individuals (ID 1717 repeats three times). Because that I tried use lenght
(unique(ID)).

After calculate the proportion for each individual (step1), I have to sum
same food item and divide by four for Acestrorhynchus and by nine for
Schizodon (that have 14 row of data). Because that is not simply calculate
the mean.

Could you please give me some idea?

I'm sending again exemple and solution data, now with correct factor's name.

Thanks again for your attention and time,

Raoni

*Example:*
structure(list(ID = c(779L, 782L, 1717L, 1717L, 1717L, 1803L,
2650L, 2650L, 2700L, 2700L, 3611L, 3613L, 3647L, 3654L, 3654L,
3683L, 3683L, 3683L, 3685L, 3997L), Site = c(Três Marias, Três Marias,
Nova Ponte, Nova Ponte, Nova Ponte, Três Marias, São Simão,
São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão,
São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão,
São Simão, São Simão, São Simão), Specie = c(Acestrorhynchus
lacustris,
Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
lacustris,
Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Schizodon
intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius), Weight = c(0.06, 0.01, 0.01, 0.33,
0.01, 3.5, 0.01, 0.04, 0.01, 0.01, 0.38, 0.29, 0.04, 0.03, 0.11,
0.04, 0.04, 0.03, 0.01, 0.01), Food.item = c(Fish, Vegetal,
Alga, MNI, Sediment, Fish, Alga, MNI, Alga, MNI,
Vegetal, Vegetal, Vegetal, Alga, Vegetal, Alga, MNI,
Sediment, Sediment, Vegetal)), .Names = c(ID, Site,
Specie, Weight, Food.item), row.names = c(1869113L, 2290407L,
56668L, 1485394L, 2126489L, 368143L, 57601L, 1486327L, 57651L,
1486377L, 2348187L, 2348189L, 2293272L, 58605L, 2293279L, 40317L,
1487360L, 2128455L, 2128457L, 2293622L), class = data.frame)

*Solution:*
structure(list(Specie = c(Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
lacustris,
Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
lacustris,
Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
Schizodon intermedius), Food.item = c(Peixe, Vegetal, Alga,
MNI, Sedimento, Alga, MNI, Vegetal, Sedimento), MWi = c(0.5,
0.25, 0.0075, 0.235, 0.0075, 0.14111, 0.18444,
0.53222, 0.14111)), .Names = c(Specie, Food.item,
MWi), row.names = c(NA, -9L), class = data.frame)



2013/1/16 Rui Barradas ruipbarra...@sapo.pt

  Hello,

 If you want to calculate the mean weight by Specie and Food.item, you can
 use ?aggregate.
 In what follows, I've named your EXAMPLE ex and your SOLUTION sol. Note
 that the result is different from sol.
 (No exemplo não há Peixe, é Fish, e os números são outros.)

 aggregate(Weight ~ Specie + Food.item, data = ex, FUN = mean)


 Hope this helps,

 Rui Barradas
 Em 16-01-2013 15:41, Raoni Rodrigues escreveu:

 Hello All,

 I have a data frame (dput information below) with food item weight for fish
 species.

 I need to calculate the Mean proportion by weight of each food item for
 each specie, as show in solution data frame (dput information below).

 I use the ddply function (plyr package) in two steps. First calculate the
 proportion of weight for each individual:

 step1 = ddply (example, .(ID), transform, Wi = round (Weight/sum (Weight),
 2))

 Then, I use lenght (unique (ID)) to calculate the mean of each food item
 for each specie:

 step2 = ddply (step1, .(Specie, Food.item), summarise, MWi = sum
 (Wi)/length (unique(ID)))

 I do not understand why this didn't work. Someone can help me?

 Thanks in advanced!


 *EXAMPLE*
 structure(list(ID = c(779L, 782L, 1717L, 1717L, 1717L, 1803L,
 2650L, 2650L, 2700L, 2700L, 3611L, 3613L, 3647L, 3654L, 3654L,
 3683L, 3683L, 3683L, 3685L, 3997L), Site = c(Três Marias, Três Marias,
 Nova Ponte, Nova Ponte, Nova Ponte, Três Marias, São Simão,
 São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão,
 São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão, São Simão,
 São Simão, São Simão, São Simão), Specie = c(Acestrorhynchus
 lacustris,
 Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus
 lacustris,
 Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Acestrorhynchus lacustris, Schizodon
 intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon intermedius,
 Schizodon intermedius), Weight = c(0.06, 0.01, 0.01, 

[R] How to change R file in stats?

2013-01-16 Thread Ibrahim Sobh

Dear 
I have changed some code in R file inside the stats package (dendrogram.R). Now 
I wan to test and run the stats package with the new updated code, what should 
I do in detail?
RegardsIbrahim Sobh   
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

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Re: [R] How to change R file in stats?

2013-01-16 Thread Suzen, Mehmet
On 17 January 2013 07:03, Ibrahim Sobh im_s...@hotmail.com wrote:

 Dear
 I have changed some code in R file inside the stats package (dendrogram.R). 
 Now I wan to test and run the stats package with the new updated code, what 
 should I do in detail?


For testing the simplest thing you can do is to ?source the file in
your session. But R-core is very well maintained, why
would you need to change the core code? It will only bring you
maintenance chaos. If you need additional feature, maybe
you can have a look on CRAN if it is implemented.

Best,
-m

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Re: [R] [BioC] error installing KEGGSOAP

2013-01-16 Thread Martin Morgan

On 01/16/2013 05:58 PM, array chip wrote:

Hi, I am new to bioconductor, trying to install KEGGSOAP package, but got 
warnings() when installing and error message when trying to load the package, 
can anyone suggest what went wrong?

many thanks

John




source(http://bioconductor.org/biocLite.R;)

Bioconductor version 2.11 (BiocInstaller 1.8.3), ?biocLite for help

biocLite(KEGGSOAP)

BioC_mirror: http://bioconductor.org
Using Bioconductor version 2.11 (BiocInstaller 1.8.3), R version 2.15.
Installing package(s) 'KEGGSOAP'
trying URL 
'http://bioconductor.org/packages/2.11/bioc/bin/windows/contrib/2.15/KEGGSOAP_1.32.0.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 69037 bytes (67 Kb)
opened URL
downloaded 67 Kb

package ‘KEGGSOAP’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked

The downloaded binary packages are in
        C:\Users\yzhang\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpawAjwx\downloaded_packages
Warning message:
installed directory not writable, cannot update packages 'acepack', 'actuar', 
'ada', 'ade4', 'ade4TkGUI',
  'agricolae', 'akima', 'ape', 'aplpack', 'arules', 'bitops', 'boot', 'Cairo', 
'car', 'caTools', 'cba',
  'chron', 'class', 'clue', 'cluster', 'coda', 'colorspace', 'CompQuadForm', 
'corpcor', 'DAAG', 'date',
  'deldir', 'descr', 'deSolve', 'devtools', 'digest', 'diptest', 'doBy', 
'DoE.wrapper', 'e1071', 'effects',
  'ENmisc', 'epiR', 'eRm', 'evaluate', 'evd', 'FactoMineR', 'fArma', 
'fAssets', 'fBasics', 'fdrtool',
  'fExoticOptions', 'fExtremes', 'fGarch', 'fields', 'flexclust', 'fMultivar', 
'fNonlinear', 'fOptions',
  'forecast', 'foreign', 'fpc', 'fracdiff', 'fRegression', 'FrF2', 
'FrF2.catlg128', 'fTrading',
  'fUnitRoots', 'gamlss', 'gamlss.data', 'gamlss.dist', 'gclus', 'gdata', 
'geoR', 'GGally', 'ggm',
  'ggplot2', 'gmodels', 'gridBase', 'gWidgets', 'gWidgetstcltk', 'HH', 
'Hmisc', 'httr', 'igraph',
  'igraph0', 'inline', 'ipred', 'isa2', 'JavaGD', 'JGR', 'kernlab', 'KernSmoot 
[... truncated]



library(KEGGSOAP)

Loading required package: BiocGenerics

Attaching package: ‘BiocGenerics’

The following object(s) are masked from ‘package:stats’:

    xtabs

The following object(s) are masked from ‘package:base’:

    anyDuplicated, cbind, colnames, duplicated, eval, Filter, Find, get, 
intersect, lapply, Map, mapply, mget, order, paste,
    pmax, pmax.int, pmin, pmin.int, Position, rbind, Reduce, rep.int, 
rownames, sapply, setdiff, table, tapply, union, unique

failed to load HTTP resource
Error : .onLoad failed in loadNamespace() for 'KEGGSOAP', details:
  call: NULL
  error: 1: failed to load HTTP resource

Error: package/namespace load failed for ‘KEGGSOAP’


KEGG's SOAP service has been discontinued; the package has been replaced by 
KEGGREST, but KEGGREST is only available if using the 'devel' version of R, e.g.,


  http://cran.fhcrc.org/bin/windows/base/rdevel.html

Martin





sessionInfo()

R version 2.15.1 (2012-06-22)
Platform: x86_64-pc-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)

locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252Â  LC_CTYPE=English_United 
States.1252Â Â
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United States.1252 LC_NUMERIC=CÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 
            Â
[5] LC_TIME=English_United States.1252Â Â Â

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices datasets  utils     methods   
base   Â

other attached packages:
[1] BiocGenerics_0.4.0Â  BiocInstaller_1.8.3

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] codetools_0.2-8 RCurl_1.91-1.1Â  SSOAP_0.8-0Â Â Â Â  tools_2.15.1Â Â Â  
XML_3.9-4.1Â Â Â Â  XMLSchema_0.7-2
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]



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Re: [R] How to plot this simple step function?

2013-01-16 Thread Jeff Newmiller
Base Graphics:

plot(x,y,type=n)
segments(x[-length(x)],y[-length(x)],x[-1],y[-length(x)])
points(x[-length(x)],y[-length(x)],pch=16)
points(x[-1],y[-length(x)],pch=1)

Ggplot graphics:

library(ggplot2)
dta - data.frame( x= x[-length(x)],y=y[-length(x)], xend=x[-1], 
yend=y[-length(x)] )
ggplot( dta, aes( x=x, y=y, xend=xend, yend=yend )) +
geom_segment()+
geom_point( shape=16, size=4 ) +
geom_point( aes( x=xend, y=yend, shape=1, size=4 )

There is also lattice graphics, but I don't feel like putting that example 
together right now.

As for how to use RStudio, please understand that RStudio has its own support 
forums. Please direct questions regarding that user interface there, and 
remember that the people answering questions here may be using completely 
different tools and operating systems than you are. I strongly recommend 
reading the R-help posting guide and reading other people's questions here to 
get the flavor of the kinds of question and answer format is preferred around 
here. Hint: this is a mailing list, not Nabble.

Easy tutorials? There are lots of them, but they don't necessarily get you 
where you want to go. I recommend reading the Introduction to R document that 
comes with R, with particular focus on vectors, lists,  matrices, data frames, 
and indexing. The apply family of functions will also be useful, but vectors 
and indexing are first priority. They all work together to make a very powerful 
combination, and learning those fundamentals will pay off in helping you 
decipher examples such as that ones above.
---
Jeff NewmillerThe .   .  Go Live...
DCN:jdnew...@dcn.davis.ca.usBasics: ##.#.   ##.#.  Live Go...
  Live:   OO#.. Dead: OO#..  Playing
Research Engineer (Solar/BatteriesO.O#.   #.O#.  with
/Software/Embedded Controllers)   .OO#.   .OO#.  rocks...1k
--- 
Sent from my phone. Please excuse my brevity.

Bornin1992 i...@mcparland.ca wrote:

Hi everyone, 

I am trying to graph a step function in R Studio. I just learned about
R
today and decided to try it!  The following is what I want it to look
like.
I graphed it using 

x - 0:5
y - c(0, .2, .3, .6, .9, 1.0)
plot(x, y, type = s)
 
And used Microsoft Paint to get it to how I wanted it to look, but I
want to
do it in R Studio completely. 

http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/file/n4655792/plot.png 

How can I replicate this image? Also, when do I use the window above
the
Console?

Any incredibly easy tutorials out there to get me started?




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Re: [R] How to change R file in stats?

2013-01-16 Thread Jeff Newmiller
Sorry, this is not the place for a detailed answer to this question.

For testing you can load modified R functions into an R session by loading the 
original package using the library function and then pasting the new function 
definition at the command line. When R goes looking for that function it will 
find your global version before it finds the one from the package.

For rebuilding the package, please read the Writing R Extensions documentation.
---
Jeff NewmillerThe .   .  Go Live...
DCN:jdnew...@dcn.davis.ca.usBasics: ##.#.   ##.#.  Live Go...
  Live:   OO#.. Dead: OO#..  Playing
Research Engineer (Solar/BatteriesO.O#.   #.O#.  with
/Software/Embedded Controllers)   .OO#.   .OO#.  rocks...1k
--- 
Sent from my phone. Please excuse my brevity.

Ibrahim Sobh im_s...@hotmail.com wrote:


Dear 
I have changed some code in R file inside the stats package
(dendrogram.R). Now I wan to test and run the stats package with the
new updated code, what should I do in detail?
RegardsIbrahim Sobh  
   [[alternative HTML version deleted]]

__
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http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.

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Re: [R] How to change levels?

2013-01-16 Thread PIKAL Petr
Hi

or you can just call factor function after subsetting

newdata[,7] - factor (newdata[,7])

Regards
Petr

 -Original Message-
 From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org [mailto:r-help-bounces@r-
 project.org] On Behalf Of Ista Zahn
 Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 6:36 PM
 To: paladini
 Cc: r-help@r-project.org
 Subject: Re: [R] How to change levels?
 
 Hi,
 
 see ?droplevels and/or the stringsAsFactors section of ?options
 
 Best,
 Ista
 
 On Wed, Jan 16, 2013 at 4:56 AM, paladini paladini@beuth-
 hochschule.de wrote:
  Hello!
  I have got a dataframe with 10 columns and 100 rows. The seventh
  column consists of a lot of country names.
  When I use newdata=subset(data, data[, 7]==United Kingdom|data[,
  7]==Germany) I get just the rows where the country name is UK or
 Germany.
  But the level information doesn`t change. That means if I use
  levels(newdata[,7]), I get:
 
   [1] Austria  Belgium
   [3] Denmark  Finland
   [5] France   Germany
   [7] SpainSweden
   [9] Switzerland  The Netherlands
   [11] United Kingdom   United States of America
  That leads to problems in the further data processing .
 
  How can I change the level information to the real levels of newdata?
 
  Thanking you in anticipation
 
  Claudia
 
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 guide.html
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Re: [R] How to plot this simple step function?

2013-01-16 Thread Jeff Newmiller
Sorry, missed a parenthesis:

ggplot( dta, aes( x=x, y=y, xend=xend, yend=yend )) +
geom_segment()+
geom_point( shape=16, size=4 ) +
geom_point( aes( x=xend, y=yend ), shape=1, size=4 )

If you have questions about base graphics or lattice, this forum is good. If 
you have questions about ggplot2, the ggplot2 Google group is probably a better 
bet than here.
---
Jeff NewmillerThe .   .  Go Live...
DCN:jdnew...@dcn.davis.ca.usBasics: ##.#.   ##.#.  Live Go...
  Live:   OO#.. Dead: OO#..  Playing
Research Engineer (Solar/BatteriesO.O#.   #.O#.  with
/Software/Embedded Controllers)   .OO#.   .OO#.  rocks...1k
--- 
Sent from my phone. Please excuse my brevity.

Jeff Newmiller jdnew...@dcn.davis.ca.us wrote:

Base Graphics:

plot(x,y,type=n)
segments(x[-length(x)],y[-length(x)],x[-1],y[-length(x)])
points(x[-length(x)],y[-length(x)],pch=16)
points(x[-1],y[-length(x)],pch=1)

Ggplot graphics:

library(ggplot2)
dta - data.frame( x= x[-length(x)],y=y[-length(x)], xend=x[-1],
yend=y[-length(x)] )
ggplot( dta, aes( x=x, y=y, xend=xend, yend=yend )) +
geom_segment()+
geom_point( shape=16, size=4 ) +
geom_point( aes( x=xend, y=yend, shape=1, size=4 )

There is also lattice graphics, but I don't feel like putting that
example together right now.

As for how to use RStudio, please understand that RStudio has its own
support forums. Please direct questions regarding that user interface
there, and remember that the people answering questions here may be
using completely different tools and operating systems than you are. I
strongly recommend reading the R-help posting guide and reading other
people's questions here to get the flavor of the kinds of question and
answer format is preferred around here. Hint: this is a mailing list,
not Nabble.

Easy tutorials? There are lots of them, but they don't necessarily get
you where you want to go. I recommend reading the Introduction to R
document that comes with R, with particular focus on vectors, lists, 
matrices, data frames, and indexing. The apply family of functions will
also be useful, but vectors and indexing are first priority. They all
work together to make a very powerful combination, and learning those
fundamentals will pay off in helping you decipher examples such as that
ones above.
---
Jeff NewmillerThe .   .  Go
Live...
DCN:jdnew...@dcn.davis.ca.usBasics: ##.#.   ##.#.  Live
Go...
 Live:   OO#.. Dead: OO#..  Playing
Research Engineer (Solar/BatteriesO.O#.   #.O#.  with
/Software/Embedded Controllers)   .OO#.   .OO#. 
rocks...1k
---

Sent from my phone. Please excuse my brevity.

Bornin1992 i...@mcparland.ca wrote:

Hi everyone, 

I am trying to graph a step function in R Studio. I just learned about
R
today and decided to try it!  The following is what I want it to look
like.
I graphed it using 

x - 0:5
y - c(0, .2, .3, .6, .9, 1.0)
plot(x, y, type = s)
 
And used Microsoft Paint to get it to how I wanted it to look, but I
want to
do it in R Studio completely. 

http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/file/n4655792/plot.png 

How can I replicate this image? Also, when do I use the window above
the
Console?

Any incredibly easy tutorials out there to get me started?




--
View this message in context:
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/How-to-plot-this-simple-step-function-tp4655792.html
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.

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[R] RESOLVED: Using table to get frequencies of several factors at once

2013-01-16 Thread Pancho Mulongeni
Thanks, 
I hereby declare this thread as resolved.

-Original Message-
From: S Ellison [mailto:s.elli...@lgcgroup.com] 
Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2013 4:27 PM
To: Pancho Mulongeni; R help
Subject: RE: Using table to get frequencies of several factors at once

You could use a variant of apply(), probably sapply

For example
d - as.data.frame( matrix(sample(0:1, 200, replace=TRUE), ncol=5))

head(d)

sapply(d, table)

S Ellison
 -Original Message-
 From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org
 [mailto:r-help-boun...@r-project.org] On Behalf Of Pancho Mulongeni
 Sent: 11 January 2013 11:18
 To: R help
 Subject: [R] Using table to get frequencies of several factors at once
 
 Hi, I have a dataframe with n columns, but I am only looking at five 
 of them. And lots of rows, over 700.
 So I would like to find frequencies for each of the numeric columns 
 (variables) using the table function. However, is there a fast way to 
 produce a frequency table where the 5 rows represent the 5 numeric 
 variables and the columns refer to the values (levels) of the 
 respective numeric variables, which in this case are 0 and 1.
 The only way I have figured it out is via a for loop:
 m-seq(218,222,1) #these are columns of the variables in the larger 
 dataframe tm-m[1:5] #I need this for the for loop
 l.tm-length(tm)
 B-matrix(nrow=l.tm,ncol=2)  #the matrix to hold the freqs for (p in 
 1:l.tm) { var.num-m[p]
 B[p,]-table(DATA[,var.num])
 }
 
  B
  [,1] [,2]
 [1,]  6979
 [2,]  512  194
 [3,]  604  102
 [4,]  7006
 [5,]  706  706
 So the rows represent my five variables (columns) that occupy 
 columns 218 through 222 in the DATA dataframe.
 So the second column represents my frequencies of the value 
 1, which is what I am interested in. The last row has a 
 double entry, because there was only one value, 0, with a 
 freq of 706 and so R duplicated in the two columns, but 
 that's ok, I can just ignore it. 
 
 So is there are better way to do this? Is there a way to use 
 the so called tapply function? I struggle to understand the 
 help doc for this.function.
 
 
 Pancho Mulongeni
 Research Assistant
 PharmAccess Foundation
 1 Fouché Street
 Windhoek West
 Windhoek
 Namibia
  
 Tel:   +264 61 419 000
 Fax:  +264 61 419 001/2
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R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.