[R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
Dear all,
I am a newbie in R and could not find help on this problem. I am trying to
plot an histogram with probabilities in the y axis. This is the code I am
using:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
The problem is that I am getting greater than 1 probabilities in the Y axis?
Is there a way to correct this?
Many thanks in advance.
Joao
--
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Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
If you read ?hist, you will answer your own question.
The issue in your code is the parameter prob = T, which does nothing. By
default, hist reports density.
--
Jonathan P. Daily
Technician - USGS Leetown Science Center
11649 Leetown Road
Kearneysville WV, 25430
(304) 724-4480
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the thing itself have purpose? Or do we, what's the word... imbue it.
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r-help-boun...@r-project.org wrote on 03/03/2011 09:03:21 AM:
[image removed]
[R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
jpmaroco
to:
r-help
03/03/2011 10:13 AM
Sent by:
r-help-boun...@r-project.org
Dear all,
I am a newbie in R and could not find help on this problem. I am trying
to
plot an histogram with probabilities in the y axis. This is the code I
am
using:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
The problem is that I am getting greater than 1 probabilities in the Y
axis?
Is there a way to correct this?
Many thanks in advance.
Joao
--
View this message in context: http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/
Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
__
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http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
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Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 8:03 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear all,
I am a newbie in R and could not find help on this problem. I am
trying to
plot an histogram with probabilities in the y axis. This is the code
I am
using:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
The problem is that I am getting greater than 1 probabilities in the
Y axis?
Is there a way to correct this?
Despite the argument name, which I agree suggests that probabilities
will be plotted, what is really described in the help page is that
densities will be plotted, and densities may be greater than 1. You
can suppress plotting of the y-axis, calculate the probabilities for
each of the groups returned by hist, and then use the axes function.
xhist - hist(xbar,breaks=Sturges,plot=FALSE)
yhist - xhist$counts/sum(xhist$counts)
yhist
[1] 0.002 0.027 0.087 0.236 0.287 0.228 0.107 0.021 0.004 0.001
Many thanks in advance.
Joao
--
View this message in context:
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
David Winsemius, MD
Heritage Laboratories
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Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
Dear David,
Thanks for your prompt reply.
I see your point. But how can I get a histogram with relative frequencies? If I
use
plot(xhist,yhist)
I get absolute frequencies in the Y axis.
Best,
Joao
From: David Winsemius [via R]
[mailto:ml-node+619-1272092771-215...@n4.nabble.com]
Sent: quinta-feira, 3 de Março de 2011 16:01
To: jpmaroco
Subject: Re: Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 8:03 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear all,
I am a newbie in R and could not find help on this problem. I am
trying to
plot an histogram with probabilities in the y axis. This is the code
I am
using:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
The problem is that I am getting greater than 1 probabilities in the
Y axis?
Is there a way to correct this?
Despite the argument name, which I agree suggests that probabilities
will be plotted, what is really described in the help page is that
densities will be plotted, and densities may be greater than 1. You
can suppress plotting of the y-axis, calculate the probabilities for
each of the groups returned by hist, and then use the axes function.
xhist - hist(xbar,breaks=Sturges,plot=FALSE)
yhist - xhist$counts/sum(xhist$counts)
yhist
[1] 0.002 0.027 0.087 0.236 0.287 0.228 0.107 0.021 0.004 0.001
Many thanks in advance.
Joao
--
View this message in context:
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html?by-user=t
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
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Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 10:29 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear David,
Thanks for your prompt reply.
I see your point. But how can I get a histogram with relative
frequencies? If I use
plot(xhist,yhist)
I get absolute frequencies in the Y axis.
I do not know of any simple setting to do what you want only within
hist.
I explained that you need to suppress the y axis ( read help(par) for
how to do that, possibly with xaxt=n), calculate the values you
desire, then add axis labeling at the locations on the density scale
but with the probabilities you get from the calculations I illustrated.
Best,
Joao
From: David Winsemius [via R] [mailto:ml-node+619-1272092771-215...@n4.nabble.com
]
Sent: quinta-feira, 3 de Março de 2011 16:01
To: jpmaroco
Subject: Re: Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 8:03 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear all,
I am a newbie in R and could not find help on this problem. I am
trying to
plot an histogram with probabilities in the y axis. This is the code
I am
using:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
The problem is that I am getting greater than 1 probabilities in the
Y axis?
Is there a way to correct this?
Despite the argument name, which I agree suggests that probabilities
will be plotted, what is really described in the help page is that
densities will be plotted, and densities may be greater than 1. You
can suppress plotting of the y-axis, calculate the probabilities for
each of the groups returned by hist, and then use the axes function.
xhist - hist(xbar,breaks=Sturges,plot=FALSE)
yhist - xhist$counts/sum(xhist$counts)
yhist
[1] 0.002 0.027 0.087 0.236 0.287 0.228 0.107 0.021 0.004 0.001
Many thanks in advance.
Joao
--
View this message in context: http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html?by-user=t
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Heritage Laboratories
West Hartford, CT
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Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 10:29 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear David,
Thanks for your prompt reply.
I see your point. But how can I get a histogram with relative
frequencies? If I use
plot(xhist,yhist)
I get absolute frequencies in the Y axis.
In my earlier reply I meant to type yaxt=n.
--
David.
Best,
Joao
From: David Winsemius [via R] [mailto:ml-node+619-1272092771-215...@n4.nabble.com
]
Sent: quinta-feira, 3 de Março de 2011 16:01
To: jpmaroco
Subject: Re: Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 8:03 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear all,
I am a newbie in R and could not find help on this problem. I am
trying to
plot an histogram with probabilities in the y axis. This is the code
I am
using:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
The problem is that I am getting greater than 1 probabilities in the
Y axis?
Is there a way to correct this?
Despite the argument name, which I agree suggests that probabilities
will be plotted, what is really described in the help page is that
densities will be plotted, and densities may be greater than 1. You
can suppress plotting of the y-axis, calculate the probabilities for
each of the groups returned by hist, and then use the axes function.
xhist - hist(xbar,breaks=Sturges,plot=FALSE)
yhist - xhist$counts/sum(xhist$counts)
yhist
[1] 0.002 0.027 0.087 0.236 0.287 0.228 0.107 0.021 0.004 0.001
Many thanks in advance.
Joao
--
View this message in context: http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html?by-user=t
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
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Heritage Laboratories
West Hartford, CT
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Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
Hi,
Does
xx = rnorm(100)
hist(xx,freq=FALSE)
curve(dnorm,add=TRUE)
give you what you want?
Martyn
-Original Message-
From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org [mailto:r-help-boun...@r-project.org] On
Behalf Of David Winsemius
Sent: 03 March 2011 17:00
To: jpmaroco
Cc: r-help@r-project.org
Subject: Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 10:29 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear David,
Thanks for your prompt reply.
I see your point. But how can I get a histogram with relative
frequencies? If I use
plot(xhist,yhist)
I get absolute frequencies in the Y axis.
In my earlier reply I meant to type yaxt=n.
--
David.
Best,
Joao
From: David Winsemius [via R]
[mailto:ml-node+619-1272092771-215...@n4.nabble.com
]
Sent: quinta-feira, 3 de Março de 2011 16:01
To: jpmaroco
Subject: Re: Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 8:03 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear all,
I am a newbie in R and could not find help on this problem. I am
trying to
plot an histogram with probabilities in the y axis. This is the code
I am
using:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
The problem is that I am getting greater than 1 probabilities in the
Y axis?
Is there a way to correct this?
Despite the argument name, which I agree suggests that probabilities
will be plotted, what is really described in the help page is that
densities will be plotted, and densities may be greater than 1. You
can suppress plotting of the y-axis, calculate the probabilities for
each of the groups returned by hist, and then use the axes function.
xhist - hist(xbar,breaks=Sturges,plot=FALSE)
yhist - xhist$counts/sum(xhist$counts)
yhist
[1] 0.002 0.027 0.087 0.236 0.287 0.228 0.107 0.021 0.004 0.001
Many thanks in advance.
Joao
--
View this message in context:
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Probabilities-greather-than-1-in-HIST-tp388p388.html?by-user=t
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[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
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David Winsemius, MD
Heritage Laboratories
West Hartford, CT
__
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Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
Hi:
Here's an example:
x - rnorm(300)
hist(x, breaks = 15, yaxt = 'n', ylab = 'Relative frequency')
axis(2, at = seq(0, 50, by = 10), labels = round(seq(0, 50, by =
10)/length(x), 3))
HTH,
Dennis
On Thu, Mar 3, 2011 at 8:29 AM, jpmaroco jpmar...@gmail.com wrote:
Dear David,
Thanks for your prompt reply.
I see your point. But how can I get a histogram with relative frequencies?
If I use
plot(xhist,yhist)
I get absolute frequencies in the Y axis.
Best,
Joao
From: David Winsemius [via R] [mailto:
ml-node+619-1272092771-215...@n4.nabble.com]
Sent: quinta-feira, 3 de Março de 2011 16:01
To: jpmaroco
Subject: Re: Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 8:03 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear all,
I am a newbie in R and could not find help on this problem. I am
trying to
plot an histogram with probabilities in the y axis. This is the code
I am
using:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
The problem is that I am getting greater than 1 probabilities in the
Y axis?
Is there a way to correct this?
Despite the argument name, which I agree suggests that probabilities
will be plotted, what is really described in the help page is that
densities will be plotted, and densities may be greater than 1. You
can suppress plotting of the y-axis, calculate the probabilities for
each of the groups returned by hist, and then use the axes function.
xhist - hist(xbar,breaks=Sturges,plot=FALSE)
yhist - xhist$counts/sum(xhist$counts)
yhist
[1] 0.002 0.027 0.087 0.236 0.287 0.228 0.107 0.021 0.004 0.001
Many thanks in advance.
Joao
--
View this message in context:
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Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
Hi Martin,
No, I get frequencies greather than 1.
See the code:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar, freq=FALSE)
#hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
Thanks anyway
Best
Jº
From: Martyn Byng [via R]
[mailto:ml-node+757-242386738-215...@n4.nabble.com]
Sent: quinta-feira, 3 de Março de 2011 17:12
To: jpmaroco
Subject: Re: Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
Hi,
Does
xx = rnorm(100)
hist(xx,freq=FALSE)
curve(dnorm,add=TRUE)
give you what you want?
Martyn
-Original Message-
From: [hidden email] [mailto:[hidden email]] On Behalf Of David Winsemius
Sent: 03 March 2011 17:00
To: jpmaroco
Cc: [hidden email]
Subject: Re: [R] Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 10:29 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear David,
Thanks for your prompt reply.
I see your point. But how can I get a histogram with relative
frequencies? If I use
plot(xhist,yhist)
I get absolute frequencies in the Y axis.
In my earlier reply I meant to type yaxt=n.
--
David.
Best,
Joao
From: David Winsemius [via R] [mailto:[hidden email]
]
Sent: quinta-feira, 3 de Março de 2011 16:01
To: jpmaroco
Subject: Re: Probabilities greather than 1 in HIST
On Mar 3, 2011, at 8:03 AM, jpmaroco wrote:
Dear all,
I am a newbie in R and could not find help on this problem. I am
trying to
plot an histogram with probabilities in the y axis. This is the code
I am
using:
#TLC uniform
n=30
mi=1; mx=6
nrep=1000
xbar=rep(0,nrep)
for (i in 1:nrep) {xbar[i]=mean(runif(n,min=mi,max=mx))}
hist(xbar,prob=TRUE,breaks=Sturges,xlim=c(1,6),main=paste(n =,n),
xlab=Média, ylab=Probabilidade)
curve(dnorm(x,mean=mean(xbar),sd=sd(xbar)),add=TRUE,lwd=2,col=red)
The problem is that I am getting greater than 1 probabilities in the
Y axis?
Is there a way to correct this?
Despite the argument name, which I agree suggests that probabilities
will be plotted, what is really described in the help page is that
densities will be plotted, and densities may be greater than 1. You
can suppress plotting of the y-axis, calculate the probabilities for
each of the groups returned by hist, and then use the axes function.
xhist - hist(xbar,breaks=Sturges,plot=FALSE)
yhist - xhist$counts/sum(xhist$counts)
yhist
[1] 0.002 0.027 0.087 0.236 0.287 0.228 0.107 0.021 0.004 0.001
Many thanks in advance.
Joao
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