Re: [R] large integers in R
Hi Duncan, On Tue, Jan 26, 2010 at 9:09 PM, Duncan Murdoch murd...@stats.uwo.ca wrote: On 26/01/2010 3:25 PM, Blanford, Glenn wrote: Has there been any update on R's handling large integers greater than 10^9 (between 10^9 and 4x10^9) ? as.integer() in R 2.9.2 lists this as a restriction but doesnt list the actual limit or cause, nor if anyone was looking at fixing it. Integers in R are 4 byte signed integers, so the upper limit is 2^31-1. That's not likely to change soon. But in the hypothetical scenario that this was to change soon and we were to have 64bit integer type (say, when under a 64 bit OS), wouldn't this allow us to have objects whose length exceeded the 2^31-1 limit? Benilton Carvalho The double type in R can hold exact integer values up to around 2^52. So for example calculations like this work fine: x - 2^50 y - x + 1 y-x [1] 1 Just don't ask R to put those values into a 4 byte integer, they won't fit: as.integer(c(x,y)) [1] NA NA Warning message: NAs introduced by coercion Duncan Murdoch Glenn D Blanford, PhD mailto:glenn.blanf...@us.army.mil Scientific Research Corporation gblanf...@scires.commailto:gblanf...@scires.com [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] large integers in R
On 28/01/2010 5:30 AM, Benilton Carvalho wrote: Hi Duncan, On Tue, Jan 26, 2010 at 9:09 PM, Duncan Murdoch murd...@stats.uwo.ca wrote: On 26/01/2010 3:25 PM, Blanford, Glenn wrote: Has there been any update on R's handling large integers greater than 10^9 (between 10^9 and 4x10^9) ? as.integer() in R 2.9.2 lists this as a restriction but doesnt list the actual limit or cause, nor if anyone was looking at fixing it. Integers in R are 4 byte signed integers, so the upper limit is 2^31-1. That's not likely to change soon. But in the hypothetical scenario that this was to change soon and we were to have 64bit integer type (say, when under a 64 bit OS), wouldn't this allow us to have objects whose length exceeded the 2^31-1 limit? Those are certainly related problems, but you don't need 64 bit integers to have longer vectors. We could switch to indexing by doubles in R (though internally the indexing would probably be done in 64 bit ints). A problem with exposing 64 bit ints in R is that they break the rule that doubles can represent any integer exactly. If x is an integer, x+1 is a double, and it would be unfortunate if (x+1) != (x+1L), as will happen with values bigger than 2^52. Duncan Murdoch Benilton Carvalho The double type in R can hold exact integer values up to around 2^52. So for example calculations like this work fine: x - 2^50 y - x + 1 y-x [1] 1 Just don't ask R to put those values into a 4 byte integer, they won't fit: as.integer(c(x,y)) [1] NA NA Warning message: NAs introduced by coercion Duncan Murdoch Glenn D Blanford, PhD mailto:glenn.blanf...@us.army.mil Scientific Research Corporation gblanf...@scires.commailto:gblanf...@scires.com [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] large integers in R
On Thu, 28 Jan 2010, Benilton Carvalho wrote: Hi Duncan, On Tue, Jan 26, 2010 at 9:09 PM, Duncan Murdoch murd...@stats.uwo.ca wrote: On 26/01/2010 3:25 PM, Blanford, Glenn wrote: Has there been any update on R's handling large integers greater than 10^9 (between 10^9 and 4x10^9) ? as.integer() in R 2.9.2 lists this as a restriction but doesnt list the actual limit or cause, nor if anyone was looking at fixing it. Integers in R are 4 byte signed integers, so the upper limit is 2^31-1. That's not likely to change soon. But in the hypothetical scenario that this was to change soon and we were to have 64bit integer type (say, when under a 64 bit OS), wouldn't this allow us to have objects whose length exceeded the 2^31-1 limit? The other possibility is that an additional longer type capable of holding vector lengths would be included. In addition to the issues that Duncan mentioned, having the integer type be 64-bit means that it wouldn't match the Fortran default INTEGER type or the C int on most platforms, which are 32-bit. Calling C code would become more difficult. -thomas Thomas Lumley Assoc. Professor, Biostatistics tlum...@u.washington.eduUniversity of Washington, Seattle __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Large integers in R
Hi! That is somewhat strange. §R2^100 [1] 1.267651e+30 §R x - 2^50 §R y - x + 1 §R y-x [1] 1 §Rx [1] 1.1259e+15 §Rx+1 [1] 1.1259e+15 len From: Duncan Murdoch [murd...@stats.uwo.ca] Sent: Tuesday, January 26, 2010 4:09 PM To: Blanford, Glenn Cc: r-help@R-project.org Subject: Re: [R] large integers in R On 26/01/2010 3:25 PM, Blanford, Glenn wrote: Has there been any update on R's handling large integers greater than 10^9 (between 10^9 and 4x10^9) ? as.integer() in R 2.9.2 lists this as a restriction but doesnt list the actual limit or cause, nor if anyone was looking at fixing it. Integers in R are 4 byte signed integers, so the upper limit is 2^31-1. That's not likely to change soon. The double type in R can hold exact integer values up to around 2^52. So for example calculations like this work fine: x - 2^50 y - x + 1 y-x [1] 1 Just don't ask R to put those values into a 4 byte integer, they won't fit: as.integer(c(x,y)) [1] NA NA Warning message: NAs introduced by coercion Duncan Murdoch [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Large integers in R
No it isn't strange. Please read: ?options digits ?print.default and then print the results with more digits. Bert Gunter Genentech Nonclinical Biostatistics -Original Message- From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org [mailto:r-help-boun...@r-project.org] On Behalf Of Len Vir Sent: Thursday, January 28, 2010 4:17 PM To: R-help@r-project.org Subject: Re: [R] Large integers in R Hi! That is somewhat strange. B'R2^100 [1] 1.267651e+30 B'R x - 2^50 B'R y - x + 1 B'R y-x [1] 1 B'Rx [1] 1.1259e+15 B'Rx+1 [1] 1.1259e+15 len From: Duncan Murdoch [murd...@stats.uwo.ca] Sent: Tuesday, January 26, 2010 4:09 PM To: Blanford, Glenn Cc: r-help@R-project.org Subject: Re: [R] large integers in R On 26/01/2010 3:25 PM, Blanford, Glenn wrote: Has there been any update on R's handling large integers greater than 10^9 (between 10^9 and 4x10^9) ? as.integer() in R 2.9.2 lists this as a restriction but doesnt list the actual limit or cause, nor if anyone was looking at fixing it. Integers in R are 4 byte signed integers, so the upper limit is 2^31-1. That's not likely to change soon. The double type in R can hold exact integer values up to around 2^52. So for example calculations like this work fine: x - 2^50 y - x + 1 y-x [1] 1 Just don't ask R to put those values into a 4 byte integer, they won't fit: as.integer(c(x,y)) [1] NA NA Warning message: NAs introduced by coercion Duncan Murdoch [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] large integers in R
On 27/01/2010 10:50 AM, Blanford, Glenn wrote: Duncan, thanks. To the point, R supports -(2**31-1) to 2**31-1 or -2147483647 to +2147483647 -2147483648 is a valid signed integer but returns NA. Signed integers are -2147483648 to 2147483647 Yes, R uses the -2147483648 encoding to store the integer NA. Duncan Murdoch Glenn D Blanford, PhD NAIL lab, PM NSI, Fort Monmouth, NJ glenn.blanf...@us.army.mil Scientific Research Corporation gblanf...@scires.com From: Duncan Murdoch [murd...@stats.uwo.ca] Sent: Tuesday, January 26, 2010 4:09 PM To: Blanford, Glenn Cc: r-help@R-project.org Subject: Re: [R] large integers in R On 26/01/2010 3:25 PM, Blanford, Glenn wrote: Has there been any update on R's handling large integers greater than 10^9 (between 10^9 and 4x10^9) ? as.integer() in R 2.9.2 lists this as a restriction but doesnt list the actual limit or cause, nor if anyone was looking at fixing it. Integers in R are 4 byte signed integers, so the upper limit is 2^31-1. That's not likely to change soon. The double type in R can hold exact integer values up to around 2^52. So for example calculations like this work fine: x - 2^50 y - x + 1 y-x [1] 1 Just don't ask R to put those values into a 4 byte integer, they won't fit: as.integer(c(x,y)) [1] NA NA Warning message: NAs introduced by coercion Duncan Murdoch Glenn D Blanford, PhD mailto:glenn.blanf...@us.army.mil Scientific Research Corporation gblanf...@scires.commailto:gblanf...@scires.com [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] large integers in R
Duncan, thanks. To the point, R supports -(2**31-1) to 2**31-1 or -2147483647 to +2147483647 -2147483648 is a valid signed integer but returns NA. Signed integers are -2147483648 to 2147483647 Glenn D Blanford, PhD NAIL lab, PM NSI, Fort Monmouth, NJ glenn.blanf...@us.army.mil Scientific Research Corporation gblanf...@scires.com From: Duncan Murdoch [murd...@stats.uwo.ca] Sent: Tuesday, January 26, 2010 4:09 PM To: Blanford, Glenn Cc: r-help@R-project.org Subject: Re: [R] large integers in R On 26/01/2010 3:25 PM, Blanford, Glenn wrote: Has there been any update on R's handling large integers greater than 10^9 (between 10^9 and 4x10^9) ? as.integer() in R 2.9.2 lists this as a restriction but doesnt list the actual limit or cause, nor if anyone was looking at fixing it. Integers in R are 4 byte signed integers, so the upper limit is 2^31-1. That's not likely to change soon. The double type in R can hold exact integer values up to around 2^52. So for example calculations like this work fine: x - 2^50 y - x + 1 y-x [1] 1 Just don't ask R to put those values into a 4 byte integer, they won't fit: as.integer(c(x,y)) [1] NA NA Warning message: NAs introduced by coercion Duncan Murdoch Glenn D Blanford, PhD mailto:glenn.blanf...@us.army.mil Scientific Research Corporation gblanf...@scires.commailto:gblanf...@scires.com [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] large integers in R
On 26/01/2010 3:25 PM, Blanford, Glenn wrote: Has there been any update on R's handling large integers greater than 10^9 (between 10^9 and 4x10^9) ? as.integer() in R 2.9.2 lists this as a restriction but doesnt list the actual limit or cause, nor if anyone was looking at fixing it. Integers in R are 4 byte signed integers, so the upper limit is 2^31-1. That's not likely to change soon. The double type in R can hold exact integer values up to around 2^52. So for example calculations like this work fine: x - 2^50 y - x + 1 y-x [1] 1 Just don't ask R to put those values into a 4 byte integer, they won't fit: as.integer(c(x,y)) [1] NA NA Warning message: NAs introduced by coercion Duncan Murdoch Glenn D Blanford, PhD mailto:glenn.blanf...@us.army.mil Scientific Research Corporation gblanf...@scires.commailto:gblanf...@scires.com [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
