Re: [R] factor analysis (pca): how to get the 'communalities'?
On Fri, 3 Jan 2003, Wolfgang Lindner wrote: I try some test data for a factorAnalysis (resp. pca) in the sense of Prof. Well, factor analysis and pca are different things, and only one is appropriate in a given problem. Ripley's MASS § 11.1, p. 330 ff., Eh? Would that be *Venables Ripley's* MASS, and if so which edition (it is not the current one). Those editions which cover factor analysis do explain the difference. just to prepare myself for an analysis of my own empirical data using R (instead of SPSS). 1. the data. ## The test data is (from the book of Backhaus et al.: Multivariate ## Analysemethoden. Springer 2000 [9th ed.], p. 300 ff): a-c(4.5,5.167,5.059,3.8,3.444,3.5,5.25,5.857,5.083,5.273,4.5) b-c(4.0,4.25,3.824,5.4,5.056,3.5,3.417,4.429,4.083,3.6,4.0) c-c(4.375,3.833,4.765,3.8,3.778,3.875,4.583,4.929,4.667,3.909,4.2) d-c(3.875,3.833,3.438,2.4,3.765,4.0,3.917,3.857,4.0,4.091,3.9) e-c(3.25,2.167,4.235,5.0,3.944,4.625,4.333,4.071,4.0,4.091,3.7) f-c(3.75,3.75,4.471,5.0,5.389,5.250,4.417,5.071,4.25,4.091,3.9) g-c(4.0,3.273,3.765,5.0,5.056,5.5,4.667,2.929,3.818,4.545,3.6) h-c(2.0,1.857,1.923,4.0,5.615,6.0,3.25,2.091,1.545,1.6,1.5) i-c(4.625,3.75,3.529,4.0,4.222,4.75,4.5,4.571,3.75,3.909,3.5) j-c(4.125,3.417,3.529,4.6,5.278,5.375,3.583,3.786,4.167,3.818,3.7) m-data.frame(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j) 2. My try of a pca with R. ## My R input was: m cor(m) library(mva) m.pca-princomp(m,cor=T) m.pca summary(m.pca) loadings(m.pca) m.pca$scores m.FA - factanal(factors = 3, covmat=cov(m)) m.FA 3. Here are my questions. Q1. The cor(m)-Matrix is the same as reported by using SPSS (or OpenStats2). But in R I get other eigenvalues compared with the following SPSS output: You don't get eigenvalues at all in R. You do get `Proportion of Variance' which are these numbers divided by their total. Original matrix trace = 10,00 Roots (Eigenvalues) Extracted: 1 5,052 2 1,771 3 1,427 4 0,819 5 0,430 6 0,247 7 0,159 8 0,062 9 0,029 10 0,003 - What is going behind the scene? Why don't you ask the SPSS people that? R at least gives you sensible labels on the output. - Or what I am doing wrong in my use of R? - If I am doing the pca correct, can I use the R results as equally aceptable without further discussion? No, as more acceptable: at least they have meaningful labels. Maybe a different 'hidden' algorithm is the reason for different results? Ask SPSS that. R's code is open, and nothing is hidden. You have not demonstrated that the results are different, anyway! Q2. How to get the so called 'Communality Estimates' with R? First, use the data as in (m.FA - factanal(m, factors=3)) and where did the number of factors come from? 100*(1 - m.FA$uniquenesses) gives the communalities. They are different from SPSS, because (1) R uses maximum likelihood FA and (2) tries a lot harder to find a maximum and there are many local maxima in most FA problems. In this case you have fitted too many factors, and just one suffices. Here the values reported by SPSS for the above test data.frame m: Communality Estimates as percentages: 1 88,619 2 76,855 3 89,167 4 85,324 5 76,043 6 84,012 7 80,223 8 92,668 9 63,297 10 88,786 Any help, suggestions or hints are very welcome. 1) Be a lot more accurate. 2) Read the help pages to find out what the output means. In the case of R the information is there, but you may well have to post on an SPSS help list to find out why SPSS gives different output from R. 3) Don't believe SPSS knows what it is doing. -- Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/ University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self) 1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA) Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax: +44 1865 272595 __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
[R] R talking to Oracle, ODBC drivers available ?
[sorry, but this is a re-post - I forgot to set the subject line the first time around] Hello, I would like to access an Oracle database running on Solaris from R on my linux desktop. I have had a look at the R Data Import/Export manual, and downloaded RODBC and unixODBC, but I am still quite confused about how to proceed. It appears to me that I still need to get an Oracle ODBC driver, and the only one I can find is from Easysoft for 880 euros, which is not available for this project. Is there any free software which will enable R on linux to talk to Oracle on Solaris (both reading and writing data) ? My R setup is as follows: platform i386-pc-linux-gnu arch i386 os linux-gnu system i386, linux-gnu status major1 minor5.1 year 2002 month06 day 17 language R Thanks, Luke Whitaker. __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
[R] Interfacing R and C++ under Windows
Dear all, My colleague, who has been helping me with wrapping some older C++ code for use in R, has been running into some issues, which he asked me to post here: - ERROR is defined in RS.h which is included in Rdefines.h which conflicts with Visual Studio's ERROR - TRACE is defined in Rinternals.h which conflicts with Visual Studio's TRACE - math.h is included within extern C linkage in R.h, however Visual Studio's math.h includes templates which are only valid in C++ Basically, he feels that there are some clear conflicts between what R expects of C++ and what Visual C++ does. So, while the simpler .C technique can be used, the .Call approach does not work. What are we missing here? Thank you! Pijus __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
[R] RE: stange behavior of subset [] (was: lowess + turnpoints = doubling integers?)
Tom Blackwell wrote:
...
I summarized this to myself as computed subscripts need explicit
rounding in R, but not in S. Here's the sample code which gave
me different results with R than with Splus. I no longer have
Splus available, so I can't check it again.
look - (10 * seq(14)) - 76
chk.1 - seq(1420)[ 10 * (73.1 + look) ] # NOT what I expected
chk.2 - seq(1420)[ round(10 * (73.1 + look), 0) ] # much better.
...
Hum, hum,... It reminds me a bug that was very difficult to track in a
function! This is a very interesting point. Actually, it works exactly the
same in Splus 6.1 for Windows and in R 1.6.1. Look also at the following:
look - (10 * seq(14)) - 76
10 * (73.1 + look)
[1] 71 171 271 371 491 586 681 791 886 981 1101 1201 1301 1401
as.integer(10 * (73.1 + look))
[1] 70 170 270 370 490 586 681 791 886 981 1101 1201 1301 1401
as.integer() does not round doubles, but truncates them toward zero... and
[] coerces doubles to integers using as.integer(). This is not a bug, since
it is fully documented in Splus:
In help([):
...
The expressions may also be logical, numeric, or character. Numeric
subscripts should be integers, such as the output from : (the sequence
operator).
...
Subscripting coerces non-integer numeric subscripts to integers using
as.integer . Because as.integer creates integers by truncating the numeric
representation, this coercion can lead to unexpected results.
and in help(as.integer):
...
The numbers are truncated (moved to the closest integer the original number
that is towards zero). Attributes are deleted.
However, this could be vicious! Why not to round double in as.integer()?
Perhaps for performance questions?
Yet, this is not documented at all in R (neither in help([), nor in
help(as.integer)!!!). Any other comment on this?
Best,
Philippe Grosjean
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Re: [R] Interfacing R and C++ under Windows
On Fri, 3 Jan 2003, Pijus Virketis wrote: My colleague, who has been helping me with wrapping some older C++ code for use in R, has been running into some issues, which he asked me to post here: - ERROR is defined in RS.h which is included in Rdefines.h which conflicts with Visual Studio's ERROR - TRACE is defined in Rinternals.h which conflicts with Visual Studio's TRACE - math.h is included within extern C linkage in R.h, however Visual Studio's math.h includes templates which are only valid in C++ Basically, he feels that there are some clear conflicts between what R expects of C++ and what Visual C++ does. So, while the simpler .C technique can be used, the .Call approach does not work. What are we missing here? A real C++ compiler (and enough netiquette to wrap your lines). Why are you using VC++ with R: it is most definitely not the recommended C compiler? Using standard C++ and the recommended compiler usually works, modulo undefining symbols defined in windows.h or its dependencies. -- Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/ University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self) 1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA) Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax: +44 1865 272595 __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
[R] help.start() directory?
The help for help.start says that All the packages in the known library trees are linked to directory `.R' in the per-session temporary directory. The links are re-made each time help.start is run, which should be done after packages are installed, updated or removed. It used to be the case that this was the temporary directory was the .R directory in my home directory, but since I've upgraded to R 6.1, the help files are stored in /tmp/Rtmpxxx/.R, where Rtmpxxx is the result of a call to tempdir. A side effect of this is that they are removed when ever I exit R and recreated when I start R and run help.start again. I like to be able to have a couple book marks to my favorite parts of the help pages, but since the tempdir is different for each instance of R, that no longer works. Is there a way to configure R to leave the help pages in a static location such as ~/.R? Even if they get recreated each time I run help.start, I'd rather they always showed up in the same place. Thanks, Mike R.version _ platform i386-pc-linux-gnu arch i386 os linux-gnu system i386, linux-gnu status major1 minor6.1 year 2002 month11 day 01 language R __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
[R] number plot symbol in scatterplot?
If I make a scatterplot and several (e.g. 5) points lie on top of each other at a given x,y location I would like the plot symbol to be the number of superimposed points (e.g. 5). Could someone please tell me how to do this in R? Thanks! Bill Simpson __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
Re: [R] number plot symbol in scatterplot?
BillS == Simpson, William [EMAIL PROTECTED]
on Fri, 3 Jan 2003 09:41:32 -0500 writes:
BillS If I make a scatterplot and several (e.g. 5) points
BillS lie on top of each other at a given x,y location I
BillS would like the plot symbol to be the number of
BillS superimposed points (e.g. 5). Could someone please
BillS tell me how to do this in R? Thanks!
(typical Martin's answer: ``You don't want what you are asking for'').
No, seriously, I think using sunflowerplot() {as recommended by
Chambers et al (1983) see help} is a bit better {- ?sunflowerplot and examples}
Other solutions to the same problem:
b. use jittering jitter()
c. use a ``2d density estimate'' and plot that
1) e.g. use image on a 2d histog
2) better use the hexbin package from bioconductor,
this uses Dan Carr's Hexagons instead of squares and (some
more ideas).
Regards,
Martin Maechler [EMAIL PROTECTED]http://stat.ethz.ch/~maechler/
Seminar fuer Statistik, ETH-Zentrum LEO C16Leonhardstr. 27
ETH (Federal Inst. Technology) 8092 Zurich SWITZERLAND
phone: x-41-1-632-3408 fax: ...-1228
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Re: [R] number plot symbol in scatterplot?
Bill - The behavior of the old-S function printer() was to count overstrikes in the way you describe. This was a non-graphics output device which would make a crude scatterplot using ascii characters (spaces and asterisks, for example) in response to plot() commands. I've looked for printer in help(Devices) and I don't find it. Non-graphics scatterplots probably haven't been implemented for R yet, and probably aren't a high priority. I think you'll have to count the overstrikes at each location yourself (hash the x-y coordinates), and then use the function text() to plot the appropriate symbol at each x-y location. - tom blackwell - university of michigan medical - ann arbor - On Fri, 3 Jan 2003, Simpson, William wrote: If I make a scatterplot and several (e.g. 5) points lie on top of each other at a given x,y location I would like the plot symbol to be the number of superimposed points (e.g. 5). Could someone please tell me how to do this in R? Thanks! Bill Simpson __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
Re: [R] as.POSIXct problem?
No problem on a couple of systems here, one Solaris and one Mac OS X.
See below.
The conversion of a character string to a POSIXct is taking place in
two steps--character string to POSIXlt, then POSIXlt to POSIXct.
Which step has the problem?
Compare your unclass(x) with my unclass(x). If it's different, the
problem would appear to be in converting text to POSIXlt.
My guess would be a bug in the underlying Linux code, since, as Dr.
Ripley said, your system thinks it's an invalid time--yet the time is
not invalid.
Does it fail only on that particular day? If there was a EDT to EST
change that day, does it fail on other EDT to EST change days? If
there was an EDT to EST change that day, did it occur at the usual
2:00 AM? What about EST to EDT changes?
If your character strings were in the ISO standard format, it would
be simpler to use as.POSIXct() directly, as in
as.POSIXct(c('1969-10-10','2002-12-31'))
[1] 1969-10-10 PDT 2002-12-31 PST
class(as.POSIXct(c('1969-10-10','2002-12-31')))
[1] POSIXt POSIXct
But you probably don't have that luxury. Even so, it would be
interesting to find out if it succeeds on your system.
-Don
version
_
platform sparc-sun-solaris2.7
arch sparc
os solaris2.7
system sparc, solaris2.7
status
major1
minor6.1
year 2002
month11
day 01
language R
x - strptime(c('10/10/1969','12/31/2002'),format='%m/%d/%Y')
x
[1] 1969-10-10 2002-12-31
as.POSIXct(x)
[1] 1969-10-10 PDT 2002-12-31 PST
class(x)
[1] POSIXt POSIXlt
unclass(x)
$sec
[1] 0 0
$min
[1] 0 0
$hour
[1] 0 0
$mday
[1] 10 31
$mon
[1] 9 11
$year
[1] 69 102
$wday
[1] 5 2
$yday
[1] 282 364
$isdst
[1] 1 0
OS X --
version
_
platform powerpc-apple-darwin6.2
arch powerpc
os darwin6.2
system powerpc, darwin6.2
status
major1
minor6.1
year 2002
month11
day 01
language R
x - strptime(c('10/10/1969','12/31/2002'),format='%m/%d/%Y')
x
[1] 1969-10-10 2002-12-31
as.POSIXct(x)
[1] 1969-10-10 PDT 2002-12-31 PST
unclass(x)
$sec
[1] 0 0
$min
[1] 0 0
$hour
[1] 0 0
$mday
[1] 10 31
$mon
[1] 9 11
$year
[1] 69 102
$wday
[1] 5 2
$yday
[1] 282 364
$isdst
[1] 1 0
At 8:56 PM -0500 1/2/03, Frank E Harrell Jr wrote:
Under
platform i686-pc-linux-gnu
arch i686
os linux-gnu
system i686, linux-gnu
status
major1
minor6.1
year 2002
month11
day 01
language R
x - strptime(c('10/10/1969','12/31/2002'),format='%m/%d/%Y')
x
[1] 1969-10-10 2002-12-31
as.POSIXct(x)
[1] NA 2002-12-31 EST
Why the NA? If this is not the preferred way to convert a character
string to POSIXct what is? On a more minor note why the EST if no
time is printed?
Thanks,
Frank
--
Frank E Harrell Jr Prof. of Biostatistics Statistics
Div. of Biostatistics Epidem. Dept. of Health Evaluation Sciences
U. Virginia School of Medicine http://hesweb1.med.virginia.edu/biostat
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--
--
Don MacQueen
Environmental Protection Department
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Livermore, CA, USA
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Re: [R] R talking to Oracle, ODBC drivers available ?
I believe that Oracle provides ODBC drivers for the server side--provided you have an Oracle administrator who can figure out how to install them. I couldn't find much documentation. For another commercial source see www.openlink.com (don't know if they have client drivers for Linux). -Don At 1:10 PM + 1/3/03, Luke Whitaker wrote: [sorry, but this is a re-post - I forgot to set the subject line the first time around] Hello, I would like to access an Oracle database running on Solaris from R on my linux desktop. I have had a look at the R Data Import/Export manual, and downloaded RODBC and unixODBC, but I am still quite confused about how to proceed. It appears to me that I still need to get an Oracle ODBC driver, and the only one I can find is from Easysoft for 880 euros, which is not available for this project. Is there any free software which will enable R on linux to talk to Oracle on Solaris (both reading and writing data) ? My R setup is as follows: platform i386-pc-linux-gnu arch i386 os linux-gnu system i386, linux-gnu status major1 minor5.1 year 2002 month06 day 17 language R Thanks, Luke Whitaker. __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help -- -- Don MacQueen Environmental Protection Department Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA, USA -- __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
[R] Tutorials?
Are there any tutorials or books for learning R? Of course, I have the manual, but that seems more of a reference than a teaching tool. Joshua Gramlich Chicago, IL __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
Re: [R] Tutorials?
An Introduction to R, The R Core Team An Introduction to Statistics with R, Peter Dalgaard Modern Applied Statistics with S, W.N. Venables and B.D. Ripley, 4th Edition. And many others with links on http://cran.r-project.org/ under Contributed|Documentation __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
Re: [R] help.start() directory?
On Fri, 3 Jan 2003 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: No, but as these are links you can bookmark the places they link to. Oh, and the reason we now do it this way is that you can have two simultaneous R sessions with quite different library trees, possibly different versions of R running on different machines. On 3 Jan 2003, Michael A. Miller wrote: The help for help.start says that All the packages in the known library trees are linked to directory `.R' in the per-session temporary directory. The links are re-made each time help.start is run, which should be done after packages are installed, updated or removed. It used to be the case that this was the temporary directory was the .R directory in my home directory, but since I've upgraded to R 6.1, the help files are stored in /tmp/Rtmpxxx/.R, where Rtmpxxx is the result of a call to tempdir. A side effect of this is that they are removed when ever I exit R and recreated when I start R and run help.start again. I like to be able to have a couple book marks to my favorite parts of the help pages, but since the tempdir is different for each instance of R, that no longer works. Is there a way to configure R to leave the help pages in a static location such as ~/.R? Even if they get recreated each time I run help.start, I'd rather they always showed up in the same place. -- Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/ University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self) 1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA) Oxford OX1 3TG, UKFax: +44 1865 272595 __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
[R] Re: Embedding windows in a text widget
Could someone tell me how to embed windows in a text box using tkcreate command of R tcltk package? I tried the following and was not successful; base - tktoplevel() text - tktext(base, width = 30, height = 10) tkpack(text) button - tkbutton(text, text = try) tkcreate(text, window, end, window = button) Thanks. JZ __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
RE: Take care with codes()! (was [R] type of representation)
Ahh yes, sorry about that. Here's the corrected snippet: # Create an Example Data Frame Containing Car x Color data carnames - c(bmw,renault,mercedes,seat) carcolors - c(red,white,silver,green) datavals - round(rnorm(16, mean=10, sd=4),1) data - data.frame(Car=rep(carnames,4), Color=rep(carcolors, c(4,4,4,4) ), Value=datavals ) # show the data data # plot the Car x Color combinations, using 'cex' to specify the dot size plot(x=as.numeric(data$Car), # as.numeric give numeric values y=as.numeric(data$Color), cex=data$Value/max(data$Value)*12, # standardize size to (0,12) pch=19, # filled circle col=skyblue, # dot color xlab=Car, # x axis label ylab=Color, # y axis label xaxt=n, # no x axis lables yaxt=n, # no y axis lables bty=n, # no box around the plot xlim=c(0,nlevels(data$Car )+0.5), # extra space on either end of plot ylim=c(0.5,nlevels(data$Color)+1.5) # so dots don't cross into margins ) # add text labels text(x=1:nlevels(data$Car), y=nlevels(data$Car)+1, labels=levels(data$Car)) text(x=0, y=1:nlevels(data$Color), labels=levels(data$Color) ) # add borders between cells abline(v=(0:nlevels(data$Car)+0.5)) abline(h=(0:nlevels(data$Color)+0.5)) # annotate with actual values text(x=as.numeric(data$Car), # as.numeric give numeric values y=as.numeric(data$Color), labels=format(data$Value), # label value col=black, # textt color ) # put a nice title title(main=Car by Color Popularity\n(Dot size proportional to popularity)) -Greg -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Friday, January 03, 2003 1:53 PM To: Warnes, Gregory R Cc: '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'; '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' Subject: RE: Take care with codes()! (was [R] type of representation) From the help page of codes(): Normally `codes' is not the appropriate function to use with an unordered factor. Use `unclass' or `as.numeric' to extract the codes used in the internal representation of the factor, as these do not assume that the codes are sorted. and this is one of the `normally' cases. Your code will only work correctly if the levels are in alphabetical order (in the locale in use). On Fri, 3 Jan 2003, Warnes, Gregory R wrote: How about this snippet: # Create an Example Data Frame Containing Car x Color data carnames - c(bmw,renault,mercedes,seat) carcolors - c(red,white,silver,green) datavals - round(rnorm(16, mean=10, sd=4),1) data - data.frame(Car=rep(carnames,4), Color=rep(carcolors, c(4,4,4,4) ), Value=datavals ) # show the data data # plot the Car x Color combinations, using 'cex' to specify the dot size plot(x=codes(data$Car), # codes give numeric values y=codes(data$Color), cex=data$Value/max(data$Value)*12, # standardize size to (0,12) pch=19, # filled circle col=skyblue, # dot color xlab=Car, # x axis label ylab=Color, # y axis label xaxt=n, # no x axis lables yaxt=n, # no y axis lables bty=n, # no box around the plot xlim=c(0,nlevels(data$Car )+0.5), # extra space on either end of plot ylim=c(0.5,nlevels(data$Color)+1.5) # so dots don't cross into margins ) # add text labels text(x=1:nlevels(data$Car), y=nlevels(data$Car)+1, labels=levels(data$Car)) text(x=0, y=1:nlevels(data$Color), labels=levels(data$Color) ) # add borders between cells abline(v=(0:nlevels(data$Car)+0.5)) abline(h=(0:nlevels(data$Color)+0.5)) # annotate with actual values text(x=codes(data$Car), # codes give numeric values y=codes(data$Color), labels=format(data$Value), # label value col=black, # textt color ) # put a nice title title(main=Car by Color Popularity\n(Dot size proportional to popularity)) -Greg -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Friday, January 03, 2003 4:46 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [R] type of representation Hi I have some data that i want to plot but i don't find how to do it. I have car types (bmw,renault,mercedes,seat ...), colors and a number for each car type-color relation.I want to come up with a matrix representation of cars vs colors where in each intersection i could set a dot proportional in size to my third variable. Can anybody give me a clue of hoe to come up with such representation. Thanks Ramon __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help LEGAL NOTICE\ Unless expressly stated otherwise, this message is ... [[dropped]] __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list
Re: [R] factor analysis (pca): how to get the 'communalities'?
Scot, thank you very much for your wonderful clear and short fix of my first problem: seeing your solution as one-liner in the impressive insightful syntax of R is really an aesthetic experience for me: | I ran your example and found that you can get the eigenvalues SPSS by [..] |m.pca$sdev^2 | So squaring the standard deviations (sdev) of the components gives you the | eigenvalues SPSS reports. I am a little sorrow of not having seen it for myself ;-) - but I think that's live in becoming a friend of R and making the first steps with pca, fa, ca co. R is indeed a first choice tool in doing understandable statistics and Prof Ripley's indication to R's open code points definitive in the same direction for me. Now the two worlds become reconciled and the fog gets thinner for me. Thank you both. Wolfgang -- Wolfgang Lindner [EMAIL PROTECTED] Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg Tel: +49 0203 379-1326 __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
Re: [R] Tutorials?
Joshua, it's is always risky to give recommendations, but I have also learned much from [1] Myatt: Open Source Solutions - R. (a free brief introduction to using the R environment in Rich Text (.RTF) and Acrobat (PDF) formats and including sample data written by Mark Myatt [EMAIL PROTECTED], available at http://www.myatt.demon.co.uk/Rex1031.zip ) [2] P. Dalgaard: Introductory Statistics with R. Springer 2002. ISBN 0-387-95475-9 [3] J. Fox: An R and S-plus Companion to Applied Regression. Sage 2002. ISBN 0-7619-2280-6 Take a look and happy R'ing Wolfgang -- Wolfgang Lindner [EMAIL PROTECTED] Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg Tel: +49 0203 379-1326 __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
Re: [R] factor analysis (pca): how to get the 'communalities'?
If interested, on my web site I have code to do factor analysis by PC. Does exactly as below, but a nice wrapper to print methods, rotations, sorting, and other conveniences. home.earthlink.net/~bmagill/MyMisc.html The relevant code snipets are prinfact, plot.pfa, and print.pfa, along with the other required functions as indiciated on the web site. On Fri, 3 Jan 2003 21:04:21 +0100 Wolfgang Lindner [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Scot, thank you very much for your wonderful clear and short fix of my first problem: seeing your solution as one-liner in the impressive insightful syntax of R is really an aesthetic experience for me: | I ran your example and found that you can get the eigenvalues SPSS by [..] |m.pca$sdev^2 | So squaring the standard deviations (sdev) of the components gives you the | eigenvalues SPSS reports. I am a little sorrow of not having seen it for myself ;-) - but I think that's live in becoming a friend of R and making the first steps with pca, fa, ca co. R is indeed a first choice tool in doing understandable statistics and Prof Ripley's indication to R's open code points definitive in the same direction for me. Now the two worlds become reconciled and the fog gets thinner for me. Thank you both. Wolfgang -- Wolfgang Lindner [EMAIL PROTECTED] Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg Tel: +49 0203 379-1326 __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
Re: [R] as.POSIXct problem?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Can you supply us with details? For the ISO C99 standard actually says The mktime function returns the specified calendar time encoded as a value of type time_t. If the calendar time cannot be represented, the function returns the value (time_t)-1. and that is the behaviour that R expects. Note that POSIX specifies what time_t is, but ISO C does not, so I am at a loss as to how this can be `more compliant with the ISO C standard'. Just do a Google groups search for mktime glibc and the whole mess turns up, including some pretty irate postgresql developers... The spec in question appears to be http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/basedefs/xbd_chap04.html#tag_04_14 although that doesn't actually mention mktime(), it just talks about the definition of Seconds Since the Epoch. The actual definition is in http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/functions/mktime.html One particular piece of sillyness with mktime() is that it uses a return value of -1 to signal error, leaving you with a problem for 1969-12-31 23:59:59 UTC if you allow extension to times before the Epoch. -- O__ Peter Dalgaard Blegdamsvej 3 c/ /'_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics 2200 Cph. N (*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen Denmark Ph: (+45) 35327918 ~~ - ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) FAX: (+45) 35327907 __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
Re: [R] as.POSIXct problem?
On Fri, 2003-01-03 at 13:52, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Can you supply us with details? For the ISO C99 standard actually says The mktime function returns the specified calendar time encoded as a value of type time_t. If the calendar time cannot be represented, the function returns the value (time_t)-1. and that is the behaviour that R expects. Note that POSIX specifies what time_t is, but ISO C does not, so I am at a loss as to how this can be `more compliant with the ISO C standard'. There was a discussion of the problem and possible workarounds on the postgresql-hackers list. If you do a search for glibc and mktime on the postgresql developer's website or use the following link http://archives.postgresql.org/search.php?ps=10q=glibc+mktimeps=10wm=wrdo=0ul=%2Fpgsql-hackers%2Fm=allwf=11cat= then you should be able to read the discussion. The short of it seemed to have been to document the problem and try to fix the problem in next release. Also there is a related bug report in redhat's bug database (bugzilla.redhat.com) as bug 65227. The relevant section in the IEEE standard is http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/basedefs/xbd_chap04.html#tag_04_14 Basically, it defines the seconds since the epoch as being undefined before 1970. Since mktime returns the calendar time, the glibc maintainers seem to have decided to change the return value for dates earlier than 1970. -- -- Suchandra S. Thapa [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://www.stat.math.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
