pseudo files (Re: V4 status)

2003-12-03 Thread David Masover
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cool, thanks.

That's unfortunately very hard to do if you are using usual system calls
(like readdir(2), or open(2)), because they are tunneled through VFS
that enforces some semantics.
 

Enforces as in, if I enter the name of a directory, it adds a / to it 
before it passes to the filesystem?
I know it doesn't chop off trailing slashes (except in Reiser4, for 
obvious reasons).
Or, as this has a serious potential for becoming offtopic, can you point 
me to some reading material?

Another problem ("ls seems to know it's a file") is with user level
programs that are sometimes too smart.
 

Maybe I'll try to fix that.  Intelligence seems to be the easiest thing 
to remove from a program.
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grub (Re: V4 status)

2003-12-03 Thread David Masover
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>reiserfs 3.6 works perfect in grub here
It may have worked for me, with notail, but I have heard too many 
stories.  Anyway, /boot is 5-10 megs, usually not mounted, so I see no 
performance loss using ext3 there.
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Re: FW: reiser4 plugin for maildir

2003-12-03 Thread Chris Mason
[reiser4 plugins to make mail delivery faster]

There are a few basic things that slow down mail servers when they talk
to filesystems:

1) multiple threads delivering to the same directory contend for the
directory semaphore for creating new files

2) atomic creation of an entire file

3) high load leads to numerous small synchronous filesystem operations
when multiple threads all try to deliver at once.

#1 is best fixed at the VFS level, basically allowing more fine grained
directory locks (lustre needs this as well I think).  It could be dealt
with entirely inside reiser4, but this is a generic need for linux as a
whole I think.

#2 and #3 could be dealt with in a reiser4 transaction subsystem. 
Basically the mail server would deliver a number of messages and trigger
commits at regular intervals, and reiser4 would make sure the files were
created atomically in the FS.  The mail server would not report the file
as delivered to the smtp client until the commit had completed.

So, I definitely think you could use reiser4 to gain significant mail
delivery performance.  But you probably don't need  a specific plugin
outside the transaction subsystems.  The obvious benefit of only using
the transaction systems is that you won't need to teach mail clients
about the reiser4 plugin.

There's lots of other plugin topics related to teaching the FS about
various file formats.  This may or may not be a good idea in some cases,
but it is a good place for research.  I'd start by looking at the xattr
interfaces and Hans' ideas for FS-as-a-database.

-chris




FW: reiser4 plugin for maildir

2003-12-03 Thread Burnes, James


-Original Message-
From: Burnes, James 
Sent: Wednesday, December 03, 2003 1:38 PM
To: 'Hans Reiser'
Subject: RE: reiser4 plugin for maildir



> >I was considering installing qmail recently and upon analyzing the
> >architecture of their queue structure it looked like Dan Bernstein
> expended > >a lot of effort to achieve efficiency when you have 'many
files in the
> same
> >directory'.
> >
> >All the while I was thinking that Hans Reiser has already solved this
> >problem in reiserfs.
> >
> >Has anyone written a reiser4 plugin for qmail that implements this
> queueing
> >structure directly in the file system?
> >
> >
> No, and I'd love to see it happen.

Ok.  At least I'm on the right track.

I was re-reading the reiser4 docs yesterday and specifically the methods
that need to be implemented for each reiser4 plugin/object type.

All very elegant, but what wasn't too clear was the interface between the
new apps that can take advantage of these pluggable objects directly and the
interface between old-style POSIX apps and reiser4 that just want to see
these objects as files.

Since I just joined the reiserfs list, I'll copy/move this discussion there.
I'm sure there are a lot of people thinking about just these types of
issues. That way we can efficiently offload your brain, Hans ;-)

Some use-cases: (man haven't done some of this for a while...)

1. Web application in PHP or something acting as an OGG or MP3 store,
archives and reads audio files.  There is obvious structure in these files
and it seems silly to keep opening and reparsing their contents to extract
various bits of header information or separate forks in the data.

The web app understands this and R/W's the MP3 file using reiser4 into its
constituent components via the MP3 reiser4 plugin.  All interaction between
the app and the MP3 object lives at this layer of OO abstraction.

Meanwhile the host system's backup procedure uses POSIX fopens or whatever
to backup and restore the MP3 files.

Does the plugin have to know how to serially marshall and unmarshall the
object for POSIX programs so that it appears as a 'normal' MP3 file?

2. Someone develops a new mod_dav (mod_reiserDAV?) for Apache, that uses a
special reiser4 plugin to implement all of the DAV structures in reiser4
instead of the current hack that uses a DBM database.  Interesting/cool
features of DAV such as ordered DAV containers and revision control are
implemented directly with the reiser4 plugin.

3. As mentioned before, Dan Berstein's qmail program goes through a *lot* of
gyrations to efficiently implement many files in one directory (as well as
other issues).  I haven't tried a qmail queue on reiser3, but I gather that
they end up fighting each other to achieve the same goals.  Rather than
qmail trying to simulate a better file system, why not hack it to implement
message queuing functions in a reiser4 plugin.

Anyway, I'm just a beginner at kernel level filesystems, but I do have about
20 years systems software background so maybe I should give it a go.  It's
not going to get done tomorrow, but it should be fun.  All I have to loose
is my test partition ;-)

jim burnes
security engineer
great-west, denver





Re: V4 status

2003-12-03 Thread Nikita Danilov
Hans Reiser writes:
 > David Masover wrote:
 > 
 > >
 > >
 > > The only thing I might complain about is that, although it was listed 
 > > as a possibility to display file permissions as files within a file 
 > > (for example, I should be able to do 'touch file; ls file'), I have 
 > > had two problems there.  First, ls seems to know it's a file, and so I 
 > > can't see any files within it.  Second, it needs the executable bit, 
 > > or I get permission denied errors when trying to look at any files 
 > > inside it.  Third, even with ls not working, no guesses I've made on 
 > > potential filenames has worked.

$ chmod u+x foo
$ cat foo/..pseudo

or, take a look at http://namesys.com/v4/pseudo.html

 > 
 > Nikita will comment on the state of this code, and your remarks below.
 > 
 > >
 > > I know almost nothing about the interface behind this.  That said, 
 > > here's what I'd suggest (without knowing any better):
 > > - - If I look at something without using a trailing slash, it should 
 > > be treated as a file, except maybe for compatibility reasons.
 > > - - If I do use a trailing slash, or as a parent directory to 
 > > anything, it should be treated as a directory.
 > > - - If it is a regular file (and not a directory pretending to be a 
 > > file through some odd plugin -- /etc/passwd could be a file 
 > > constructed from files in /etc/passwd/) then permission to view it as 
 > > a directory should be assumed for anyone with read access.  As an 
 > > alternative, the ability to change into a directory could be 
 > > implemented as another security attribute, which is automatically 
 > > linked to executable permission for "normal" directories.
 > >

That's unfortunately very hard to do if you are using usual system calls
(like readdir(2), or open(2)), because they are tunneled through VFS
that enforces some semantics.

Another problem ("ls seems to know it's a file") is with user level
programs that are sometimes too smart.

 > >
 > >
 > >
 > 
 > 
 > -- 
 > Hans
 > 
 > 

Nikita.


Re: V4 status

2003-12-03 Thread Hans Reiser
David Masover wrote:



The only thing I might complain about is that, although it was listed 
as a possibility to display file permissions as files within a file 
(for example, I should be able to do 'touch file; ls file'), I have 
had two problems there.  First, ls seems to know it's a file, and so I 
can't see any files within it.  Second, it needs the executable bit, 
or I get permission denied errors when trying to look at any files 
inside it.  Third, even with ls not working, no guesses I've made on 
potential filenames has worked.
Nikita will comment on the state of this code, and your remarks below.

I know almost nothing about the interface behind this.  That said, 
here's what I'd suggest (without knowing any better):
- - If I look at something without using a trailing slash, it should 
be treated as a file, except maybe for compatibility reasons.
- - If I do use a trailing slash, or as a parent directory to 
anything, it should be treated as a directory.
- - If it is a regular file (and not a directory pretending to be a 
file through some odd plugin -- /etc/passwd could be a file 
constructed from files in /etc/passwd/) then permission to view it as 
a directory should be assumed for anyone with read access.  As an 
alternative, the ability to change into a directory could be 
implemented as another security attribute, which is automatically 
linked to executable permission for "normal" directories.






--
Hans



Re: V4 status

2003-12-03 Thread Hans Reiser
We are still able to crash reiser4.  It has been 1 month from being 
debugged for a very long time now  Sigh.  Vs is working on nfs file 
handle encoding and decoding.  We need to release a snapshot again 
sometime reasonably soon

Hans

David Masover wrote:

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Fredrik Tolf wrote:

May I ask what the current stability status is for V4? Is there mayhap
a HTTP resource for it that I have not found?
Fredrik Tolf

 

I believe patching your kernel will not hurt anything else, and 
mounting a filesystem will probably not hurt anything else.

I have a laptop on which I use Reiser4 for everything but /boot (as v4 
is not supported by grub and v3 was never supported very well).  It 
seems reasonably stable (once I fixed a problem with xscreensaver).  
However, I still back up daily, and will continue to do so until 
someone here tells me I can trust it.  (Then I'll fall back to no 
backup until I get the tape drive working so I can do proper 
incremental backups.)

BTW, to all -- I have had no problems specifically reiser4 related.  I 
was complaining of crashes earlier, but it seems those were either in 
my pam libs or my screensaver -- reinstalling all my software seemed 
to help (and as I didn't touch the kernel, it wouldn't have fixed it 
if it were a filesystem issue).  In fact, I know for sure it's at 
least partly due to problems with pam and related things, because my 
su (among other things) had lost its setuid bit -- due to my using the 
wrong arguments to cp when upgrading from v3.

The only thing I might complain about is that, although it was listed 
as a possibility to display file permissions as files within a file 
(for example, I should be able to do 'touch file; ls file'), I have 
had two problems there.  First, ls seems to know it's a file, and so I 
can't see any files within it.  Second, it needs the executable bit, 
or I get permission denied errors when trying to look at any files 
inside it.  Third, even with ls not working, no guesses I've made on 
potential filenames has worked.

I know almost nothing about the interface behind this.  That said, 
here's what I'd suggest (without knowing any better):
- - If I look at something without using a trailing slash, it should 
be treated as a file, except maybe for compatibility reasons.
- - If I do use a trailing slash, or as a parent directory to 
anything, it should be treated as a directory.
- - If it is a regular file (and not a directory pretending to be a 
file through some odd plugin -- /etc/passwd could be a file 
constructed from files in /etc/passwd/) then permission to view it as 
a directory should be assumed for anyone with read access.  As an 
alternative, the ability to change into a directory could be 
implemented as another security attribute, which is automatically 
linked to executable permission for "normal" directories.
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--
Hans



Re: Carrying Attributes too Far

2003-12-03 Thread Hans Reiser
Oops, found this in my drafts box after a long time had passed.

Hans

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Sorry for the delay in replying.

Quoting Hubert Chan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:

 

"Leo" == lrc1  <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
 

[...]

   

Why?  Not at all, I would say.
   

Leo> Short answer: because otherwise you have ""attributes" that cannot
Leo> interact with files in all the same ways that files can interact
Leo> with files" ( http://www.namesys.com/v4/v4.html ).
Hard linking isn't a universal attribute, though.  For example, you
cannot hard link over different filesystems.  If an attribute (such as
uid, premissions, etc.) are implemented by just taking the file's
standard stat data and exposing it as a file interface, that it is
similar to that data being from a different filesystem, and so you
can't hardlink.  This would be similar, I suppose, to if a plugin
exposes an MP3's id3 data as files -- it would make no sense to be able
to hardlink that, since the data is stored in the MP3 file, and not as
part of the filesystem.
   

Yes, it is impossible to hard-link between two files on different volumes
(except at mount points) in the Unix filesystem, but it shouldn't be. (More
generally, with the necessary permissions it should be possible to make any file
the child of any directory via a hard link, except where doing so would create a
cycle.) 

This implies that two filesystems can share an identification number
between them.
There's no semantic reason why it shouldn't be possible; in other words,
if it's meaningful for a file to be named both /pub/pictures/sunrise and
/home/alice/pictures/daylight , why would it in fact not be meaningful just
because a volume is mounted at /home ? Hard-linking across mount subtrees is not
possible in existing Unix filesystems for non-semantic reasons, the most
interesting of which is that it doesn't fit with the Unix concept of mount
subtrees and mount points. The correct solution to this is to throw out that
concept, something I'll post about later.
Note that hard-linking between files on different volumes is a necessity if you
want to do the kind of things discussed in Future Vision cleanly. If I did a
simple search for all mp3s at least 3 minutes long, I would expect to get back a
directory which had as its children all the 3-min.+ mp3s visible to me on the
computer. I wouldn't necessarily care if some of the mp3s were on a different
mount subtree to the search directory, and I wouldn't expect to find things like
symlinks being used to duct-tape the mp3s onto the directory.
(As to your id3 example: Yes, the id3 file data is stored in the mp3 file, but
then the /etc/motd file data is stored in the file /dev/hda1 or whatever.
There's no reason why it makes any less sense be able to hard-link to the id3
file than to /etc/motd. Why shouldn't I be able to use a search to get a
directory linked to all the id3 files on the system?)
But for the sake of argument, let's assume that indeed it should remain
impossible to hard-link across mount subtrees, or at least that it will. Will
this actually prevent the problems of ordinary directories hard-linking to
attribute files not their own? Consider a case in which /pub/somedir and
/home/alice/hello.mp3 are both on the same volume, say /dev/hda1 . If even one
of hello.mp3's attribute files (or to be more precise, one of the files which
inherit metadata from hello.mp3) is on the same mount subtree as somedir , then
the restriction on hard-linking between files on different volumes is not
sufficient to prevent the problems. So can we find an attribute file of
hello.mp3 which might actually be on /dev/hda1 ? An id3 file derived
automatically from hello.mp3 should be quite safe; its device file is hello.mp3
, just as hello.mp3 's device file is /dev/hda1 , so it should be in a different
mount subtree to hello.mp3 . (But incidentally, this raises another question: if
one of hello.mp3 's descendants is a mount point, what happens when alice types
   mv hello.mp3 hi.mp3

?) By contrast, imagine that alice writes a short text file of information about
hello.mp3. Clearly this is hello.mp3 metadata, so she saves the file in
hello.mp3/+/info . info isn't automatically derived from mp3, so why wouldn't it
just be another file on /dev/hda1 like hello.mp3 and somedir ? As to
permissions, wasn't it the intention to use permissions files as a *replacement*
for stat and friends, not just as a means of exposing stat through a file
interface? If hello.mp3/+/permissions replaces stat and friends, then it's in
the same position as hello.mp3/+/info . If it simply exposes then, then subfile
metadata is a lot less interesting - for one thing, it doesn't make implementing
different permissions systems any easier (the opposite, in fact).
But even if ordinary directories can't hard-link to other files' attribute
files, the problem of multiple inheritance of metadata still isn't fully solved.
What if two children of hello.mp3/+/ have differe

Re: Strange errors with 2.4.22 patches (from Chris) and bonnie++

2003-12-03 Thread Chris Mason
On Tue, 2003-12-02 at 03:35, Jens Benecke wrote:
> Chris Mason wrote:
> 
> > On Fri, 2003-11-28 at 16:38, Jens Benecke wrote:
> > 
> >> b) bonnie++ on a (previously created) reiserfs partition (with
> >>mkreiserfs 3.6.6) exited with random "disk full" errors, although
> >>the disk was never full. This didn't happen before.
> >> (...)
> >> I would appreciate any help. Thank you! :-)
> > 
> > Ugh, the new block allocator isn't properly forcing a commit when an
> > allocation fails, so we don't reclaim blocks deleted in an uncommitted
> > transaction.  I thought this fix got pulled out of the suse kernel when
> > namesys and I pulled out the important bug fixes, but it got missed.
> > 
> > porting.
> 
> Hi Chris,
> 
> so... the worst-case impact on this bug is that reiserfs will report "disk
> full" when you still have some space available. Right? No data loss,
> corruption, or similar Bad Things(tm)?
> 
Correct.  I'll have a fix available today along with a remerge of data
logging and quota against 2.4.23.

> I have two servers here that are supposed to be deployed next week and use
> ReiserFS. I've had some bad issues with MySQL files becoming corrupted
> after a crash in the past so I'd really like to put these into production
> with data-logging patches.
> 
> btw, what are the patches that SuSE uses? IIRC, SuSE ships with data-logging
> enabled, right?
> 

SUSE ships data logging and the xattr patches, along with a few others.

-chris




Specification for ReiserFS4

2003-12-03 Thread Cyril Plisko
Hello,

I am interesting in numbers similar to posted in
http://www.namesys.com/faq.html
There are various characteristic figures for max values
for ReiserFS 3.5 and 3.6.  I cannot find such spec
for ReiserFS4.

Can someone help ?

Regards,
Cyril


Re: V4 status

2003-12-03 Thread Redeeman
On Wed, 2003-12-03 at 03:17, David Masover wrote:
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> Fredrik Tolf wrote:
> 
> >May I ask what the current stability status is for V4? Is there mayhap
> >a HTTP resource for it that I have not found?
> >
> >Fredrik Tolf
> >
> >  
> >
> 
> I believe patching your kernel will not hurt anything else, and mounting 
> a filesystem will probably not hurt anything else.
> 
> I have a laptop on which I use Reiser4 for everything but /boot (as v4 
> is not supported by grub and v3 was never supported very well).  It 
reiserfs 3.6 works perfect in grub here
> seems reasonably stable (once I fixed a problem with xscreensaver).  
> However, I still back up daily, and will continue to do so until someone 
> here tells me I can trust it.  (Then I'll fall back to no backup until I 
> get the tape drive working so I can do proper incremental backups.)
> 
> BTW, to all -- I have had no problems specifically reiser4 related.  I 
> was complaining of crashes earlier, but it seems those were either in my 
> pam libs or my screensaver -- reinstalling all my software seemed to 
> help (and as I didn't touch the kernel, it wouldn't have fixed it if it 
> were a filesystem issue).  In fact, I know for sure it's at least partly 
> due to problems with pam and related things, because my su (among other 
> things) had lost its setuid bit -- due to my using the wrong arguments 
> to cp when upgrading from v3.
> 
> The only thing I might complain about is that, although it was listed as 
> a possibility to display file permissions as files within a file (for 
> example, I should be able to do 'touch file; ls file'), I have had two 
> problems there.  First, ls seems to know it's a file, and so I can't see 
> any files within it.  Second, it needs the executable bit, or I get 
> permission denied errors when trying to look at any files inside it.  
> Third, even with ls not working, no guesses I've made on potential 
> filenames has worked.
> 
> I know almost nothing about the interface behind this.  That said, 
> here's what I'd suggest (without knowing any better):
> - - If I look at something without using a trailing slash, it should be 
> treated as a file, except maybe for compatibility reasons.
> - - If I do use a trailing slash, or as a parent directory to anything, it 
> should be treated as a directory.
> - - If it is a regular file (and not a directory pretending to be a file 
> through some odd plugin -- /etc/passwd could be a file constructed from 
> files in /etc/passwd/) then permission to view it as a directory should 
> be assumed for anyone with read access.  As an alternative, the ability 
> to change into a directory could be implemented as another security 
> attribute, which is automatically linked to executable permission for 
> "normal" directories.
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
> Version: GnuPG v1.2.3 (GNU/Linux)
> Comment: Using GnuPG with Thunderbird - http://enigmail.mozdev.org
> 
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Regards, Redeeman
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Status data loggin patches?

2003-12-03 Thread Stephan Seitz
Hi!

Can someone please explain the status of the data logging patch?

It should be included in 2.4.23, but it is not there. Was it not sent 
or was it rejected?

Are there versions for 2.6 to test? I would like to test the new 
kernel, but not without data logging patch.

Thanks for your great work!

	Stephan, using reiserfs since 2.2

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| Stephan Seitz   E-Mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] |
|  WWW: http://fsing.fs.uni-sb.de/~stse/|
| PGP Public Keys: http://fsing.fs.uni-sb.de/~stse/pgp.html |


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