Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers

2013-05-31 Thread George Hunt
I'd be interested in ddwrt on tp-link 2030's, primarily because of the
Nepali data, that they can handle 25 clients, and because they run on 5v.

Add to that a DC-DC buck converter to 5v at the remote end of poe. I'm
testing
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00A71CMDU/ref=oh_details_o07_s00_i00?ie=UTF8&psc=1which
in the spec has 8-23v input capability, and 3A output ($8)

Let's analyze the worst case for an ethernet cable at maximum distance. (24
awg wire at 70C has resistance of 29 ohms/1000 feet, poe has 2 wires per
leg, but we have drop in each leg. So my guess is worst case loop
resistance of 300 feet * 29 ohms/1000 feet * 2 legs / 2 wires/leg = 8.7
ohms loop resistance.

If the minimum input voltage for the DC-DC is 8, then we only have 3 volts
of drop to play with. The current input spec for the tp-link is 1A. So if
300 at 1A would dorp 8.7 volts, and we can only afford 3 v drop, we can
only extend the AP 100 feet from the server.  I suspect that the current
draw is much less than the spec,  worst case battery discharge,ambient
temperature, are not likely, so more than 100 feet is likely.

This solution, would probably work for 3 or 4 adjacent classrooms, and
75-150 students -- but needs to be reality tested.

George


On Thu, May 30, 2013 at 12:47 AM, wrote:

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> Today's Topics:
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>1. Re: 12 Volt power system for School Servers. (James Cameron)
>2. Re: 12 Volt power system for School Servers. (Sameer Verma)
>3. Re: 12 Volt power system for School Servers. (David Farning)
>4. Re: 12 Volt power system for School Servers. (Anna)
>5. Re: 12 Volt power system for School Servers. (Adam Holt)
>6. Re: 12 Volt power system for School Servers. (Tony Anderson)
>
>
> --
>
> Message: 1
> Date: Thu, 30 May 2013 08:26:32 +1000
> From: James Cameron 
> To: David Farning 
> Cc: server-devel ,   Tony Anderson
> 
> Subject: Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.
> Message-ID: <20130529222631.gb20...@us.netrek.org>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
>
> On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 04:51:47PM -0500, David Farning wrote:
> > Any thoughts on powering the AP??
>
> They are all different.
>
> First, select an AP that says it has a 12V input.
>
> I would record the voltage without load emitted by the power supply
> supplied by the manufacturer.  This is a known maximum voltage that
> the AP can take.
>
> Then I would record the voltage on load.  This is a known minimum
> voltage.
>
> Then I would record the input voltage specifications of the access
> point using the manufacturer's documentation.  This is usually a
> typical voltage, but sometimes they include a maximum or minimum.  If
> there was no documentation, I'd ask them, though perhaps with no great
> expectation of success.
>
> Taking the minimum and maximum of those three values, I'd compare them
> to the lead-acid battery charge cycle operating range of 10V to 15V.
>
> If there remains any doubt (e.g. they haven't specified a maximum), I
> would attach the AP to a variable power supply and gradually ramp it
> up to 15V, checking for sudden drop of current (a blown fuse), or
> excessive operating heat.
>
> Once I'm happy, I would cut the cable as far from the device as
> possible, and reterminate it there.  Before cutting, I would discharge
> the power supply capacitors ... saves wear and tear on wire cutters.
>
> If the AP was USB powered Wifi dongle, the problem goes away.
>
> --
> James Cameron
> http://quozl.linux.org.au/
>
>
> --
>
> Message: 2
> Date: Wed, 29 May 2013 15:48:48 -0700
> From: Sameer Verma 
> To: James Cameron ,   David Farning
> , Jerry Vonau <
> jvo...@shaw.ca>,
> server-devel ,   Tony Anderson
> 
> Subject: Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.
> Message-ID:
>  putnsch5+7b4levahwr-zsxbb...@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
>
> On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 3:26 PM, James Cameron  wrote:
> > On Wed, May 29

Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-30 Thread David Leeming
We have a primary school in PNG with school server driving 9 wireless access
points with PoE to cover a 200 laptop deployment with 7 classrooms 

http://wikieducator.org/OLPC_PNGSDP/Kisap 

Powered by 12V solar using the excellent Sundaya kits. The wiring looks
untidy, I know, but they have worked very reliably over 2-3 years. Also the
integrated batteries and proprietary DC connectors make it difficult to
misuse the power (a common cause of early demise of batteries)

http://www.sundaya.com/welcomeEN.php 

The Mikrotik GrooveA range of outdoor wireless access points are really
good. They will work on 9-27V so even with 12V, you can get very long cable
runs, and you can screw in a vertical omni or your antenna of choice. We
didn't use them in the deployment above but I would do in the future.

David Leeming
Solomon Islands


-Original Message-
From: server-devel-boun...@lists.laptop.org
[mailto:server-devel-boun...@lists.laptop.org] On Behalf Of James Cameron
Sent: Thursday, 30 May 2013 4:17 p.m.
To: Tony Anderson
Cc: server-devel
Subject: Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

Tony makes an interesting point that may be new to some:

On Thu, May 30, 2013 at 06:47:26AM +0200, Tony Anderson wrote:
> This discussion is relevant because 12vdc does not travel well over
> long distances. It may be necessary in a school with multiple
> classrooms to use an inverter to provide 110 or 220vac to the
> routers via PoE.

As the distance between the battery bank and the access point
increases, so too does the required _diameter_ of copper cable.

Copper cable is quite valuable, and easily traded.  It can be a good
security practice to avoid installing too much of it.

If the cable is too thin, the power demand by an access point causes
too much of a voltage drop.  For instance, one might put 12V DC in one
end, and get 10V DC out the other end.  The access point may still
work fine.  But some of the power will be lost as heat in the cable,
lowering efficiency.

At some point, depending on cost, reliability, and availability of
equipment, it is worth operating at a higher voltage.

The options would seem to be Power over Ethernet (PoE), which will
yield 12.95W (IEEE 802.3af-2003) or 25.5W (IEEE 802.3at-2009), or an
inverter with a separate power circuit.

My best guess is that PoE will be cheaper, because a power circuit
installed to meet electrical regulations would tend to be designed for
the minimum domestic power standard of the country.  For example, in
Australia the minimum is 10A at 240V, or 2400W.  The mass of copper
is far more than what PoE would require.

Then there's the cost of a 12V input PoE power sourcing equipment
(PSE).

-- 
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http://quozl.linux.org.au/
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread James Cameron
Tony makes an interesting point that may be new to some:

On Thu, May 30, 2013 at 06:47:26AM +0200, Tony Anderson wrote:
> This discussion is relevant because 12vdc does not travel well over
> long distances. It may be necessary in a school with multiple
> classrooms to use an inverter to provide 110 or 220vac to the
> routers via PoE.

As the distance between the battery bank and the access point
increases, so too does the required _diameter_ of copper cable.

Copper cable is quite valuable, and easily traded.  It can be a good
security practice to avoid installing too much of it.

If the cable is too thin, the power demand by an access point causes
too much of a voltage drop.  For instance, one might put 12V DC in one
end, and get 10V DC out the other end.  The access point may still
work fine.  But some of the power will be lost as heat in the cable,
lowering efficiency.

At some point, depending on cost, reliability, and availability of
equipment, it is worth operating at a higher voltage.

The options would seem to be Power over Ethernet (PoE), which will
yield 12.95W (IEEE 802.3af-2003) or 25.5W (IEEE 802.3at-2009), or an
inverter with a separate power circuit.

My best guess is that PoE will be cheaper, because a power circuit
installed to meet electrical regulations would tend to be designed for
the minimum domestic power standard of the country.  For example, in
Australia the minimum is 10A at 240V, or 2400W.  The mass of copper
is far more than what PoE would require.

Then there's the cost of a 12V input PoE power sourcing equipment
(PSE).

-- 
James Cameron
http://quozl.linux.org.au/
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread Tony Anderson

Hi,


The setup at the Kokobe Primary school in Lesotho has a small solar 
panel (too small) which attempts to charge two car batteries (deep cycle 
would be better but not available).


The router (Belkin) runs directly from the battery (we cut the cable). 
Linksys and other routers I have used all run on 12vdc at 1A.


The MSI server does not run on 12vdc because of the design of it's power 
supply which requires a higher voltage (15vdc works). I purchased a 
Zotac which also uses an Atom processor but houses a 2.5in drive. It 
requires 19vdc.


Most standard laptops require 19vdc at 3.2A (maximum) to charge the 
batteries. I suspect the MSI and Zotac simply use laptop hardware for 
the power supply even though no battery is involved.


The router problem is that most home routers ($30 variety) can handle a 
limited number of connections (less than a classroom of XOs). OLE Nepal 
has found that a TP-Link router with DDWRT handles 25 connections (15 
with the delivered firmware). In any case, a school really should have a 
router per classroom to provide enough connections (not to increase 
signal strength). OLE Nepal powers all of the routers in a school from 
the same UPS that powers the server so that the network will continue to 
operate in a power failure. Since the routers are also connected by an 
ethernet cable, PoE would be quite useful.


This discussion is relevant because 12vdc does not travel well over long 
distances. It may be necessary in a school with multiple classrooms to 
use an inverter to provide 110 or 220vac to the routers via PoE.


So far in Lesotho, the laptops have been used in a single classroom next 
to the server and router so I don't have live experience in distributing 
routers. We will face that problem next year at the Nohana school which 
has two classroom buildings about 50m apart and where the teachers want 
to use the laptops in their own classroom.


Tony

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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread Adam Holt
Just a reminder to include po...@lists.laptop.org if this discussion
advances, the tightly focused electrical/energy list run by Richard Smith
for many years to come God willing =)

http://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/power


On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 8:46 PM, Anna  wrote:

> On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 5:26 PM, James Cameron  wrote:
>
>>
>> If the AP was USB powered Wifi dongle, the problem goes away.
>>
>>
> Speaking of, and this would only be appropriate for extremely small
> deployments, but I started messing around on the XSCE with hostapd with a
> wifi dongle this very afternoon.  It's been on my wishlist for a long time,
> but earlier kernels didn't have support and it is such a PITA to compile
> the XO kernel.
>
> Anna
>
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread Anna
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 5:26 PM, James Cameron  wrote:

>
> If the AP was USB powered Wifi dongle, the problem goes away.
>
>
Speaking of, and this would only be appropriate for extremely small
deployments, but I started messing around on the XSCE with hostapd with a
wifi dongle this very afternoon.  It's been on my wishlist for a long time,
but earlier kernels didn't have support and it is such a PITA to compile
the XO kernel.

Anna
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread David Farning
Thanks guys,

I'll start playing tonight.


On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 5:48 PM, Sameer Verma  wrote:

> On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 3:26 PM, James Cameron  wrote:
> > On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 04:51:47PM -0500, David Farning wrote:
> >> Any thoughts on powering the AP?
> >
> > They are all different.
> >
>
> Yep. The one we use in Bhagmalpur (India) and in Jamaica is the
> Ubiquiti Picostation2 unit that runs off a PoE injector. Ours run off
> 110/220V AC, but an AP that can run over 48V PoE can use a DC-to-DC
> PoE unit to power it from a 12V battery source.
>
> cheers,
> Sameer
>
> > First, select an AP that says it has a 12V input.
> >
> > I would record the voltage without load emitted by the power supply
> > supplied by the manufacturer.  This is a known maximum voltage that
> > the AP can take.
> >
> > Then I would record the voltage on load.  This is a known minimum
> > voltage.
> >
> > Then I would record the input voltage specifications of the access
> > point using the manufacturer's documentation.  This is usually a
> > typical voltage, but sometimes they include a maximum or minimum.  If
> > there was no documentation, I'd ask them, though perhaps with no great
> > expectation of success.
> >
> > Taking the minimum and maximum of those three values, I'd compare them
> > to the lead-acid battery charge cycle operating range of 10V to 15V.
> >
> > If there remains any doubt (e.g. they haven't specified a maximum), I
> > would attach the AP to a variable power supply and gradually ramp it
> > up to 15V, checking for sudden drop of current (a blown fuse), or
> > excessive operating heat.
> >
> > Once I'm happy, I would cut the cable as far from the device as
> > possible, and reterminate it there.  Before cutting, I would discharge
> > the power supply capacitors ... saves wear and tear on wire cutters.
> >
> > If the AP was USB powered Wifi dongle, the problem goes away.
> >
> > --
> > James Cameron
> > http://quozl.linux.org.au/
> > ___
> > Server-devel mailing list
> > Server-devel@lists.laptop.org
> > http://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/server-devel
> >
> >
>



-- 
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread Sameer Verma
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 3:26 PM, James Cameron  wrote:
> On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 04:51:47PM -0500, David Farning wrote:
>> Any thoughts on powering the AP?
>
> They are all different.
>

Yep. The one we use in Bhagmalpur (India) and in Jamaica is the
Ubiquiti Picostation2 unit that runs off a PoE injector. Ours run off
110/220V AC, but an AP that can run over 48V PoE can use a DC-to-DC
PoE unit to power it from a 12V battery source.

cheers,
Sameer

> First, select an AP that says it has a 12V input.
>
> I would record the voltage without load emitted by the power supply
> supplied by the manufacturer.  This is a known maximum voltage that
> the AP can take.
>
> Then I would record the voltage on load.  This is a known minimum
> voltage.
>
> Then I would record the input voltage specifications of the access
> point using the manufacturer's documentation.  This is usually a
> typical voltage, but sometimes they include a maximum or minimum.  If
> there was no documentation, I'd ask them, though perhaps with no great
> expectation of success.
>
> Taking the minimum and maximum of those three values, I'd compare them
> to the lead-acid battery charge cycle operating range of 10V to 15V.
>
> If there remains any doubt (e.g. they haven't specified a maximum), I
> would attach the AP to a variable power supply and gradually ramp it
> up to 15V, checking for sudden drop of current (a blown fuse), or
> excessive operating heat.
>
> Once I'm happy, I would cut the cable as far from the device as
> possible, and reterminate it there.  Before cutting, I would discharge
> the power supply capacitors ... saves wear and tear on wire cutters.
>
> If the AP was USB powered Wifi dongle, the problem goes away.
>
> --
> James Cameron
> http://quozl.linux.org.au/
> ___
> Server-devel mailing list
> Server-devel@lists.laptop.org
> http://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/server-devel
>
>
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread James Cameron
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 04:51:47PM -0500, David Farning wrote:
> Any thoughts on powering the AP? 

They are all different.

First, select an AP that says it has a 12V input.

I would record the voltage without load emitted by the power supply
supplied by the manufacturer.  This is a known maximum voltage that
the AP can take.

Then I would record the voltage on load.  This is a known minimum
voltage.

Then I would record the input voltage specifications of the access
point using the manufacturer's documentation.  This is usually a
typical voltage, but sometimes they include a maximum or minimum.  If
there was no documentation, I'd ask them, though perhaps with no great
expectation of success.

Taking the minimum and maximum of those three values, I'd compare them
to the lead-acid battery charge cycle operating range of 10V to 15V.

If there remains any doubt (e.g. they haven't specified a maximum), I
would attach the AP to a variable power supply and gradually ramp it
up to 15V, checking for sudden drop of current (a blown fuse), or
excessive operating heat.

Once I'm happy, I would cut the cable as far from the device as
possible, and reterminate it there.  Before cutting, I would discharge
the power supply capacitors ... saves wear and tear on wire cutters.

If the AP was USB powered Wifi dongle, the problem goes away.

-- 
James Cameron
http://quozl.linux.org.au/
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread David Farning
Thanks james,

Any thoughts on powering the AP?


On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 4:45 PM, James Cameron  wrote:

> On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 04:38:06PM -0500, Jerry Vonau wrote:
> > Is the inverter really needed for a XO? The step-down transformer used
> > on the XO puts out 13.5v but the XOs only need 11 volts to charge[1].
> > Therefore I believe you could run and/or charge the XOs directly from a
> > 12v source like a storage battery, perhaps though a regulator. I just
> > don't want to cut the cord off of a working power supply to find
> > out.
>
> Cut the cord about 20cm from the power supply, and fit a screw
> terminal, so the cord can be reassembled if needed.
>
> Yes, the XO will safely run direct from any 12V lead-acid storage
> battery.  The battery will not permit the voltage to exceed what the
> XO can accept.
>
> (It isn't technically a step-down transformer, but a switch-mode power
> supply, but no matter.)
>
> --
> James Cameron
> http://quozl.linux.org.au/
>



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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread James Cameron
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 04:38:06PM -0500, Jerry Vonau wrote:
> Is the inverter really needed for a XO? The step-down transformer used
> on the XO puts out 13.5v but the XOs only need 11 volts to charge[1].
> Therefore I believe you could run and/or charge the XOs directly from a
> 12v source like a storage battery, perhaps though a regulator. I just
> don't want to cut the cord off of a working power supply to find
> out. 

Cut the cord about 20cm from the power supply, and fit a screw
terminal, so the cord can be reassembled if needed.

Yes, the XO will safely run direct from any 12V lead-acid storage
battery.  The battery will not permit the voltage to exceed what the
XO can accept.

(It isn't technically a step-down transformer, but a switch-mode power
supply, but no matter.)

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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread Jerry Vonau
On Wed, 2013-05-29 at 15:42 -0500, David Farning wrote:
> The piece I am looking at is reducing the losses between the battery
> and the server/AP.
> 

See my earlier response.

> 
> Several systems have a 12V Battery which is inverted to 120AC which is
> then transformed back to low voltage DC for input to the server/AP.
> That doesn't seem very efficient.
> 

+1

Jerry

> 
> Dave
> 
> 
> On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 3:29 PM, Sameer Verma  wrote:
> On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 1:03 PM, David Farning
>  wrote:
> > Tony could you share more information about your work on 12
> Volt power
> > supplies for School Servers?
> >
> > Whenever I see a School Server setup containing a 12V
> Battery, an inverter,
> > a power strip, and a couple of 120V to 12V power supplies to
> provide power
> > for the server and the AP... my eyes start to tear up:(
> >
> > The situation I am looking at has power part of the day so
> we can recharge
> > the battery. To keep things simple we would like to use a
> Trimslice or XO-4
> > and off the shelf AP.
> >
> > Ideally we would like to have 'kit' that contained
> everything except that
> > battery that can be set up and tested before arriving at the
> deployment.
> >
> > Thanks
> >
> > --
> > David Farning
> > Activity Central: http://www.activitycentral.com
> >
> 
> > ___
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> >
> 
> What about an off-the-shelf SoHo UPS unit?
> 
> cheers,
> Sameer
> 
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread Jerry Vonau
On Wed, 2013-05-29 at 15:03 -0500, David Farning wrote:
> Tony could you share more information about your work on 12 Volt power
> supplies for School Servers?
> 
> 
> Whenever I see a School Server setup containing a 12V Battery, an
> inverter, a power strip, and a couple of 120V to 12V power supplies to
> provide power for the server and the AP... my eyes start to tear up:(
> 
> 

Is the inverter really needed for a XO? The step-down transformer used
on the XO puts out 13.5v but the XOs only need 11 volts to charge[1].
Therefore I believe you could run and/or charge the XOs directly from a
12v source like a storage battery, perhaps though a regulator. I just
don't want to cut the cord off of a working power supply to find out. 

> The situation I am looking at has power part of the day so we can
> recharge the battery. To keep things simple we would like to use a
> Trimslice or XO-4 and off the shelf AP.
> 
> 

Most of the networking devices use a transformer also but with perhaps a
different voltage rating, with a regulator that takes 12 DC in we can
output the voltage needed for the lower (<12v) voltage DC devices. If
they run on usb power or < 12v dc this should be do-able.

> Ideally we would like to have 'kit' that contained everything except
> that battery that can be set up and tested before arriving at the
> deployment.
> 
> 
> Thanks
> 

Recharging the storage battery is limited by the means that are
available to recharge the storage battery perhaps via solar or wind, and
is the related to the issue of how many XOs are in use that need
charging.

Jerry

1. http://wiki.laptop.org/index.php?title=Battery_and_power

> 
> -- 
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread David Farning
The piece I am looking at is reducing the losses between the battery and
the server/AP.

Several systems have a 12V Battery which is inverted to 120AC which is then
transformed back to low voltage DC for input to the server/AP. That doesn't
seem very efficient.

Dave


On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 3:29 PM, Sameer Verma  wrote:

> On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 1:03 PM, David Farning
>  wrote:
> > Tony could you share more information about your work on 12 Volt power
> > supplies for School Servers?
> >
> > Whenever I see a School Server setup containing a 12V Battery, an
> inverter,
> > a power strip, and a couple of 120V to 12V power supplies to provide
> power
> > for the server and the AP... my eyes start to tear up:(
> >
> > The situation I am looking at has power part of the day so we can
> recharge
> > the battery. To keep things simple we would like to use a Trimslice or
> XO-4
> > and off the shelf AP.
> >
> > Ideally we would like to have 'kit' that contained everything except that
> > battery that can be set up and tested before arriving at the deployment.
> >
> > Thanks
> >
> > --
> > David Farning
> > Activity Central: http://www.activitycentral.com
> >
> > ___
> > Server-devel mailing list
> > Server-devel@lists.laptop.org
> > http://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/server-devel
> >
>
> What about an off-the-shelf SoHo UPS unit?
>
> cheers,
> Sameer
>



-- 
David Farning
Activity Central: http://www.activitycentral.com
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Re: [Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread Sameer Verma
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 1:03 PM, David Farning
 wrote:
> Tony could you share more information about your work on 12 Volt power
> supplies for School Servers?
>
> Whenever I see a School Server setup containing a 12V Battery, an inverter,
> a power strip, and a couple of 120V to 12V power supplies to provide power
> for the server and the AP... my eyes start to tear up:(
>
> The situation I am looking at has power part of the day so we can recharge
> the battery. To keep things simple we would like to use a Trimslice or XO-4
> and off the shelf AP.
>
> Ideally we would like to have 'kit' that contained everything except that
> battery that can be set up and tested before arriving at the deployment.
>
> Thanks
>
> --
> David Farning
> Activity Central: http://www.activitycentral.com
>
> ___
> Server-devel mailing list
> Server-devel@lists.laptop.org
> http://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/server-devel
>

What about an off-the-shelf SoHo UPS unit?

cheers,
Sameer
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[Server-devel] 12 Volt power system for School Servers.

2013-05-29 Thread David Farning
Tony could you share more information about your work on 12 Volt power
supplies for School Servers?

Whenever I see a School Server setup containing a 12V Battery, an inverter,
a power strip, and a couple of 120V to 12V power supplies to provide power
for the server and the AP... my eyes start to tear up:(

The situation I am looking at has power part of the day so we can recharge
the battery. To keep things simple we would like to use a Trimslice or XO-4
and off the shelf AP.

Ideally we would like to have 'kit' that contained everything except that
battery that can be set up and tested before arriving at the deployment.

Thanks

-- 
David Farning
Activity Central: http://www.activitycentral.com
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