Re: [time-nuts] Phase modulation detection/NIST plan

2012-07-08 Thread Tofurk Ei
>"Ei
>Sorry if I have your name reversed. By taking this approach it
>eliminates the ability to use wwvb as a frequency reference because it
>destroys that traceability.
>Thats what we are trying to preserve. Or at least re-establish for the
>older phase measuring receivers.
>Regards
>Paul"

Are you getting at something along the lines of everything about the old
system is a
known quantity, and any error is just going to creep in at one point..the
accuracy is easy to maintain using that system?

The accuracy of the crystals on these cheap SDRs is terrible because
temperature variations are severe in those little dongles as they warm up.
Once their temps stabilize, most people use their drivers to enter in a ppm
value that cancels the error out somewhat. Uncorrected the inaccuracy
typically ranges from a few khz at 60 MHz to 40 or 50 KHz or more at 2200
Mhz. Also the dongles vary in the range of frequencies they can tune. Some
of them will go, as I said, as high as 2207-2210 MHz.

They don't cover the HF bands out of the box, but a few months back some
adventurous people discovered that by feeding a HF signal directly into the
RTL2832, bypassing the tuner chip, they can be made to tune the HF bands -
at what is described as enough sensitivity to listen to shortwave, hams
using SSB and CW. They can also be made to tune below the AM band, somehow.
Its possible they could be modified with off the shelf parts to have quite
respectable sensitivity and selectivity, even though they were not made to
tune those bands..

Nobody with any decent test equipment has characterized this direct
sampling mode's performance because most of the people who are playing with
them simply don't have the equipment to aspire to such things.. but the
fact seems striking to me that here is a device which until quite recently
could be found for under $20 in retail environments that with quite minimal
modifications could quite possibly function as both a multimode
communications receiver over a very large chunk of the spectrum, sucking
down up approximately a 2.6 to 3.2 MHz slice of spectrum at a time, or
alternatively could function as a sort of poor mans spectrum analyzer..

Throw in the ability to use gnuradio which is a very sophisticated set of
tools for communications engineering, and you have a situation where, since
the cost of entry is so low, its not so unreasonable to devote some time to
trying to grok some radio scheme and work with it to see what can be done.
Digital radios are no less capable than analog radios, nor are the results
achieved with them any less capable of being accurate. All the sources of
error are quantifiable and probably those dongles are a situation where a
small investment in replacing the crystal with a TCXO, air cooling or basic
thermal management, calibration, etc, might pay off big in results very
quickly.

Already people are doing the kind of things that people do with expensive
equipment with them, not $20 toys. So, there are just a load of
possibilities with them.

A way to see if this NIST format could be worked with would be to save a
capture file of the broadcast signal to disk and then it would be possible
to work with that offline later in gnuradio even when the transmitter was
not broadcasting that kind of modulation.

Its surprising that this broadcasting format has not been published as an
open spec. Thats a whole other (important) issue right there.

Anyway, I saw the discussion about this changeover and I thought the idea
might seem like a crazy one but I think it could potentially work and keep
the cost low. If these other issues could be dealt with. But I think they
might be straightforward to deal with for you guys as its your area of
expertise.

When you have one of these finger-sized little things in your hand and you
are fooling around with it, its pretty amazing. I say that as somebody who
has been into radio ever since I was a very little kid. I am hard to
impress with technology.. and this was pretty awesome.

The misgivings were expressed in one of the earlier posts that this
changeover was proceeding too rapidly and fears that technically it could
create a captive market - Just like with the breakup of Ma Bell,
competition is good.. and having some other options close at hand would
keep everything more honest.

(Unrelated, Just curious, did any of you guys ever live in Tarrytown NY?)

Tofurk
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[time-nuts] Phase modulation detection/NIST plan

2012-07-08 Thread Tofurk Ei
If the changeover you are talking about is this one:
http://www.nist.gov/pml/newsletter/radio.cfm as a proof of concept a DVB-T
dongle/upconverter combo could almost certainly handle PM easily to output
whatever it encodes, when paired with gnuradio..

 The RTL2832U chip might also be able to handle some low band signals
directly, using direct sampling. No upconverter.

Regardless, then the data would be fed into gnuradio - the gnuradio
developers GUI is called "gnuradio companion" It has a nifty way of doing
this kind of thing, one builds a "flow graph" where the actual demodulation
is simply laid out graphically and tested.

When everything works to one's satisfaction the file is saved and it gets
compiled - then it can run - its basically a python script.

If the modulation scheme is public, I think you can be almost certain that
gnuradio might be quite useful to rapidly design a tool to demodulate it.
Perhaps very quickly.

For the money, one really couldn't hope to beat the flexibility of this
combination in any other manner. If I were interested in trying this I
would join the gnuradio mailing list and ask there. Perhaps the answer is
surprisingly simple.
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[time-nuts] cheap DVB-T USB dongles and HF digital mode reception

2012-07-08 Thread Tofurk Ei
>> Further maybe even obtain better performance. But thats far from my
>> concern right now. I simply want to get the systems back online to watch
>> propagation behaviors as I have for years.
>
(DVB-T dongles could excel at that.. automated digitally tuned reception..)

> I don't see how. The time transmitted will have the same propagation
> issues as the 60 kHz, so will be subject to diurnal variations plus
> ionospheric randomness.
>
>> Maybe in the future there will be a $7 chip set that magically does whats
>> been written by nist/John Lowe. Or like someone suggested we get the dtv
>> tuner coupon. :-) Not likely.
>

Did you mean the Realtek DVB-T dongles? well.. its hard to beat them for
the money.. But they aren't a complete solution unless they are paired with
a computer..

However, recently Leif, SM5BSZ, the author of Linrad, discovered a way to
fully turn off the AGC.. that is a really great new development which makes
them much more useful for measurement.

http://www.nitehawk.com/sm5bsz/linuxdsp/hware/rtlsdr/rtlsdr.htm

With an upconverter (like the one below)
http://www.george-smart.co.uk/wiki/FunCube_Upconverter
a nice digital receiver for 3 - 30 MHz (or the lower frequency bands) can
be built for very little money.. They already handle VHF-UHF...

As USB devices they need a USB host. Also application software like
gnuradio or even linrad do require a decent powered CPU. But they do work
okay with the $30 raspberrypi (700 MHz ARM)

With the rtlsdr driver one can also output directly to a FIFO or TCP_IP,
but something would have to process that to make use of that data..

Anyway, seeing the bit about the $7 coupon and suspecting that was what was
being mentioned, I thought I should pass this info on..

They are what they are.. cheap devices.. kind of like those Sure GPS
modules..

But nonetheless they are tons of fun and very useful in applications where
all is needed is SOME way of receiving some signal cheaply, as long as you
don't expect them to do much more than that..

 Then, having shed any lofty expectations, you will be pleasantly surprised
at what they can do.

-Tofurk



> Could well be just an EPROM, but you need all the other stuff to support
> it...  antenna, cables, power supply. A $7 will not be the end of it.
>
> YMMV,
>
> -John
>
> 
>
>> But it does truly seem possible to succeed on this. Maybe its our skills
>> that are insufficient to pull this off. But I haven't given up at all.
>> Just delayed with family...
>> Can't wait to heat the soldering iron up late next week.
>>
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