Re: [time-nuts] The future of UTC

2011-07-15 Thread Tom Van Baak (lab/iPad)
Antonio, and other posters,

The issue of leap seconds is covered in the LEAPSECS mailing list rather than 
time-nuts.
You can find the archives at:
http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/leapsecs

Please move your well thought out questions or comments to that list.

Thanks,
/tvb

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Re: [time-nuts] Japan Quake May Have Shortened Earth Days, Moved Axis

2011-07-15 Thread Tom Van Baak (lab/iPad)
 1E14 we might be able to notice

Hal,

No. Look at the adev of the earth (earlier posting). The length of earth day 
varies in the *milli*second range, day to day. VLBI measurements are under 0.1 
millisecond, which comes to about 1e-9 resolution.

Realize that none of the NASA earthquake may have shortened press releases 
are about real measurements of rotation. They are just impressive models of 
changes in momentum. The predictions are in the *micro*second range. The press 
does not always distinguish between milli and micro.

/tvb
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Re: [time-nuts] Primary Time Standards

2011-07-15 Thread Tom Van Baak (lab/iPad)
 Absolutely, but you can still pull a new Cs out of the box and it will
 run at the same frequency as your old Cs.

Not quite the same. This is called the re-trace spec which is poorer than the 
stability spec. Vintage Cs standards like the 5060 or 5061 powered up within 
about 1e-10 or 1e-11. The 5071A retrace spec (called reproducibility in the 
data sheet) is 1e-13.

/tvb
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Re: [time-nuts] Primary Time Standards

2011-07-15 Thread Tom Van Baak (lab/iPad)
A primary frequency standard is one that faithfully implements the definition 
of the SI second. Thus primary standards are based on Cs. But not all Cs-based 
clocks are primary. CSAC, for example, is not a primary standard. Rubidium, 
hydrogen, quartz, or pendulum clocks are not primary.

The definition spells out zero magnetic field, zero temperature (zero 
velocity), and zero altitude on the earth's rotating geoid. There are many 
other practical physics details that need to be addressed. For a good example 
of what it takes to make a Cs clock a primary standard see:

http://tf.nist.gov/general/pdf/1497.pdf
http://tf.nist.gov/general/pdf/1846.pdf

So strictly speaking no Cs clock actually runs at exactly 9192.631770 MHz since 
you need a certain amount of magnetic field to isolate the hyperfine 
transition, you can't run at absolute zero, no labs are actually at sea level, 
and atoms are not simple toys, etc.

A lot of work is required to identify, predict, and quantify a host of factors. 
Again, please read or glance at those papers to appreciate the work that 
national metrology labs do to make copies of the SI second for their country.

Some day the definition of the SI second will change; optical clocks offer much 
greater promise than microwave clocks. Note the length of a second won't 
change, it's just that the definition of a second will be more precise.

/tvb


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[time-nuts] NERC TEC test postponed

2011-07-15 Thread Tom Van Baak (lab/iPad)
I've been told the NERC has decided to postpone their July 14 TEC-elimination 
test.
Sorry I don't have a URL with more information.
Those of you logging 60 Hz data should continue.
As you know from my web site, measuring any sort of time/freq source is 
interesting.
If nothing else you will have a longer baseline when/if the test is rescheduled.

/tvb
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Re: [time-nuts] The future of UTC

2011-07-15 Thread Tom Van Baak (lab/iPad)
Mark,

If the planet were not inclined 23 degrees this might make sense. But it turns 
out daylight times differ by latitude and season and hemisphere. So it is not 
surprising that nations, or even states within large nations, assume the right 
to set their own rules of local time.

/tvb

On Jul 15, 2011, at 9:50 AM, Mark Spencer mspencer12...@yahoo.ca wrote:

 Sorry for the prior  email with no text.
 
 If the world could agree on the dates when DST adjustments are applied (if 
 individual countries, states etc elect to make DST adjustments) and make any 
 needed leap second adjustments at the same time that would be a positive step 
 IMHO.
 

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Re: [time-nuts] Japan Quake May Have Shortened Earth Days, Moved Axis

2011-07-14 Thread Tom Van Baak (lab/iPad)
 So what is the Allan deviation of the earth spinning?  :)

http://www.leapsecond.com/museum/earth/

/tvb

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