re: [tips] Fundamental Attribution Error and Actor Observer Bias

[Michael Palij]

On Thu, 25 Oct 2012 13:47:06 -0700, Michael Britt wrote:
>Don't these two terms basically describe the same thing?  I suppose you could
>say that the FAE occurs when I observe you (you do it because of your
>personality), whereas the A/O bias is a broader term describing what happens
>when I observe you (you do it because of your personality) and you observe
>yourself (I did it because of the situation).  Can anyone clarify these two
>very related terms?  Because there's yet another related term: the self-serving
>bias - which I suppose occurs only when I observe myself (I did it because of
>the situation - when I fail - and I did it because of my talent/skill - when I
>succeed).

I think the difference between the two concepts is highlighted in the quote
below from Choi and Nisbett (1998):

|Thus, it is lay dispositionist theory of behavior that
|makes the classic studies classic. This "dispositionism" of
|lay theory has been documented by innumerable studies.
|For example, people tend to (a) offer dispositional
|explanations for behavior instead of situational ones,
|even when it should be transparent that the behavior is
|produced by situational factors (the "the correspondence
|bias" or "the fundamental attribution error" [FAE]) (for
|reviews, see Gilbert & Malone, 1995;Jones, 1979; Ross,
|1977; Ross & Nisbett, 1991); (b) make overly confident
|predictions about behavior on the basis of a small
|amount ofinformation concerning dispositions (Kunda
|& Nisbett, 1986; Newton, Griffin, & Ross, 1988); and (3)
|describe the self as well as others in terms of internal
|dispositions rather than context-specific factors (Cousins,
|1989; S. T. Fiske & Taylor, 1991). The tendency to
|see behavior as dispositionally produced is somewhat
|muted when the actor is the self; thus, there is an "actor-observer
|bias" that shifts causal attributions toward situational
|interpretations when the self is the object of
|judgment (Jones & Nisbett, 1972). But self-perception
|research shows that people often overattribute dispositions
|even for their own behavior (Nisbett & Ross, 1980;
|Ross, 1977).

Choi, I., & Nisbett, R. E. (1998). Situational salience and cultural
differences in the correspondence bias and actor-observer bias.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24(9), 949-960.

-Mike Palij
New York University
m...@nyu.edu

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[tips] Fundamental Attribution Error and Actor Observer Bias

[Michael Britt]

Don't these two terms basically describe the same thing?  I suppose you could 
say that the FAE occurs when I observe you (you do it because of your 
personality), whereas the A/O bias is a broader term describing what happens 
when I observe you (you do it because of your personality) and you observe 
yourself (I did it because of the situation).  Can anyone clarify these two 
very related terms?  Because there's yet another related term: the self-serving 
bias - which I suppose occurs only when I observe myself (I did it because of 
the situation - when I fail - and I did it because of my talent/skill - when I 
succeed).

Ah!  Brain is melting!

Michael
 


Michael A. Britt, Ph.D.
mich...@thepsychfiles.com
http://www.ThePsychFiles.com
Twitter: mbritt






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RE:[tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[Jim Clark]

Hi

A good example, perhaps, is Biederman's work on sexing chicks.  Supposedly 
takes years of practice to do it well, but Biederman's analysis allowed 
undergraduates (if I'm remembering correctly) to learn in a few hours ... he 
had identified the relevant perceptual features, something about concave vs 
convex parts of the anatomy.

Take care
Jim


James M. Clark
Professor & Chair of Psychology
j.cl...@uwinnipeg.ca
Room 4L41A
204-786-9757
204-774-4134 Fax
Dept of Psychology, U of Winnipeg
515 Portage Ave, Winnipeg, MB
R3B 0R4  CANADA


>>> "Joan Warmbold"  25-Oct-12 2:31 PM >>>
Relative to Gladwell's book, Blink, and research on subliminal perception,
an alternative and more scientific explanation for these accurate
predictions could be that they are come from the subjects' implicit
recognition of patterns.  Since this implicit processing has not become
conscious (explicit), it would "feel" like a premonition.

One parallel in Blink was how art historians could 'instinctively'
determine if a so-called archaeological artifact was real or fake based on
their extensive experiences.  But they appeared to not have explicit
awareness of their use of previous experiences so it could feel like it
was a 'premonition' also.

Joan
jwarm...@oakton.edu 

> Key quote: "Mossbridge said that researchers are not sure whether people
> are really sensing the future..."
>
> You sure wouldn't get much sense of that from reading the story.
>
> We're doomed.
>
> --
> Marc Carter, PhD
> Associate Professor of Psychology
> Chair, Department of Behavioral and Health Sciences
> College of Arts & Sciences
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Here we go again!
>
>
>
> Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study
>
> http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/10/22/evidence-of-premonitions-hinted-at-in-new-study/
>  
>
>
> Edward I. Pollak, Ph.D.
> Professor Emeritus of Psychology
>



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RE: RE:[tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[Marc Carter]

Good point, Joan.  I thought of probability matching and the way we learn 
syntax as a couple more examples of our sensitivity to patterns without 
awareness.

Interesting way to think about it.

m

--
Marc Carter, PhD
Associate Professor of Psychology
Chair, Department of Behavioral and Health Sciences
College of Arts & Sciences
Baker University
--


> -Original Message-
> From: Joan Warmbold [mailto:jwarm...@oakton.edu]
> Sent: Thursday, October 25, 2012 2:32 PM
> To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS)
> Subject: RE:[tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study
>
> Relative to Gladwell's book, Blink, and research on subliminal
> perception, an alternative and more scientific explanation for these
> accurate predictions could be that they are come from the subjects'
> implicit recognition of patterns.  Since this implicit processing has
> not become conscious (explicit), it would "feel" like a premonition.
>
> One parallel in Blink was how art historians could 'instinctively'
> determine if a so-called archaeological artifact was real or fake based
> on their extensive experiences.  But they appeared to not have explicit
> awareness of their use of previous experiences so it could feel like it
> was a 'premonition' also.
>
> Joan
> jwarm...@oakton.edu


The information contained in this e-mail and any attachments thereto ("e-mail") 
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RE:[tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[Joan Warmbold]

Relative to Gladwell's book, Blink, and research on subliminal perception,
an alternative and more scientific explanation for these accurate
predictions could be that they are come from the subjects' implicit
recognition of patterns.  Since this implicit processing has not become
conscious (explicit), it would "feel" like a premonition.

One parallel in Blink was how art historians could 'instinctively'
determine if a so-called archaeological artifact was real or fake based on
their extensive experiences.  But they appeared to not have explicit
awareness of their use of previous experiences so it could feel like it
was a 'premonition' also.

Joan
jwarm...@oakton.edu

> Key quote: "Mossbridge said that researchers are not sure whether people
> are really sensing the future..."
>
> You sure wouldn't get much sense of that from reading the story.
>
> We're doomed.
>
> --
> Marc Carter, PhD
> Associate Professor of Psychology
> Chair, Department of Behavioral and Health Sciences
> College of Arts & Sciences
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Here we go again!
>
>
>
> Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study
>
> http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/10/22/evidence-of-premonitions-hinted-at-in-new-study/
>
>
> Edward I. Pollak, Ph.D.
> Professor Emeritus of Psychology
>



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Re: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[Michael Palij]

Even easier, click on this link which contains the abstract and links to HTML
and PDF copies of the article:

http://www.frontiersin.org/perception_science/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00390/abstract

-Mike Palij
New York University
m...@nyu.edu


--  Original Message ---
Thu, 25 Oct 2012 10:58:42 -0700, Ken Steele wrote:
Hi Don:

You should have access to the original article. "Frontiers" is an
open-source journal.
Go to the original story that Ed posted, scroll towards the bottom,
and click on the
"Frontiers in ..." link at the bottom.


On 10/25/2012 1:44 PM, don allen wrote:
Unfortunately, I don't have access to the original study, but in
reading the
abstract I was surprised to find the following:

p<  2.7 × 10-12 (that should read ten to the minus twelfth)

Are they really saying that they got a p value of 0.00027
? Or, am I
missing something?

-Don.

- Original Message -
From: "Edward Pollak (Retired)"
Sent: Thursday, October 25, 2012 9:16:56 AM


Here we go again!

Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study


http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/10/22/evidence-of-premonitions-hinted-at-in-new-study/

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Re: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[msylves...@copper.net]

I do not have an issue with this since we only exist in the Eternal NOW.
michael


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[tips] The autistic child and the chickens

[msylves...@copper.net]

 


 


 

There was a story in  the Central Florida media about a couple who had an autistic child.The couple also had a huge backyard where they kept some chickens.The child loved to play with the chickens and even talked to them.The parents considered the chickens as good therapy for the child,but the planning and zoning board said that the chickens in the yard were a violation ofthe city code.Supposing you were on the city council,how would you vote:a) make an exception,and let the parents keep the chickens because of the therapeutic valueb) enforce the code-chickens must goBtw,what is the probabil[ty that the child could begin sounding like a chickenand begin eating chicken feed?It is my understanding that the Wild boy of Avignon began to bark likethe dogs that raised him.michael


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Re: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[Jim Clark]

Jessica Utts, one of the authors, is the statistician who has reported other 
significant psi effects.

Jim


James M. Clark
Professor & Chair of Psychology
j.cl...@uwinnipeg.ca
Room 4L41A
204-786-9757
204-774-4134 Fax
Dept of Psychology, U of Winnipeg
515 Portage Ave, Winnipeg, MB
R3B 0R4  CANADA


>>> "Pollak, Edward (Retired)"  25-Oct-12 11:16 AM >>>
Here we go again!



Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/10/22/evidence-of-premonitions-hinted-at-in-new-study/
 


Edward I. Pollak, Ph.D.
Professor Emeritus of Psychology
West Chester University of Pennsylvania
http://home.comcast.net/~epollak/ 
Husband, father, grandfather, bluegrass fiddler, banjoist & 
biopsychologist... in approximate order of importance



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Re: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[Ken Steele]

Hi Don:

You should have access to the original article.  "Frontiers" is an 
open-source journal.  Go to the original story that Ed posted, scroll 
towards the bottom, and click on the "Frontiers in ..." link at the bottom.


Ken


Kenneth M. Steele, Ph. D.steel...@appstate.edu
Professor and Assistant Chairperson
Department of Psychology http://www.psych.appstate.edu
Appalachian State University
Boone, NC 28608
USA



On 10/25/2012 1:44 PM, don allen wrote:

Unfortunately, I don't have access to the original study, but in reading the 
abstract I was surprised to find the following:

p<  2.7 × 10−12 (that should read ten to the minus twelfth)

Are they really saying that they got a p value of 0.00027 ? Or, am I 
missing something?

-Don.

- Original Message -
From: "Edward Pollak (Retired)"
To: "Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS)"
Sent: Thursday, October 25, 2012 9:16:56 AM
Subject: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study







Here we go again!



Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/10/22/evidence-of-premonitions-hinted-at-in-new-study/





Edward I. Pollak , Ph.D.

Professor Emeritus of Psychology

West Chester University of Pennsylvania

http://home.comcast.net/~epollak/

Husband, father, grandfather, bluegrass fiddler, banjoist&  biopsychologist 
... in approximate order of importance





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RE: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[Bourgeois, Dr. Martin]

No, it sounds like they got a p-value LESS THAN 0.00027. Perhaps that 
was their alpha level.

Martin Bourgeois
Professor and Chair
Social and Behavioral Sciences
Florida Gulf Coast University
Fort Myers, FL 33931



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From: don allen [dap...@shaw.ca]
Sent: Thursday, October 25, 2012 1:44 PM
To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS)
Subject: Re: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

Unfortunately, I don't have access to the original study, but in reading the 
abstract I was surprised to find the following:

p < 2.7 × 10−12 (that should read ten to the minus twelfth)

Are they really saying that they got a p value of 0.00027 ? Or, am I 
missing something?

-Don.

- Original Message -
From: "Edward Pollak (Retired)" 
To: "Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS)" 
Sent: Thursday, October 25, 2012 9:16:56 AM
Subject: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study














Here we go again!



Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/10/22/evidence-of-premonitions-hinted-at-in-new-study/











Edward I. Pollak , Ph.D.

Professor Emeritus of Psychology

West Chester University of Pennsylvania

http://home.comcast.net/~epollak/

Husband, father, grandfather, bluegrass fiddler, banjoist & biopsychologist 
... in approximate order of importance






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Re: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[don allen]

Unfortunately, I don't have access to the original study, but in reading the 
abstract I was surprised to find the following:

p < 2.7 × 10−12 (that should read ten to the minus twelfth)

Are they really saying that they got a p value of 0.00027 ? Or, am I 
missing something?

-Don.

- Original Message -
From: "Edward Pollak (Retired)" 
To: "Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS)" 
Sent: Thursday, October 25, 2012 9:16:56 AM
Subject: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study














Here we go again! 



Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study 

http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/10/22/evidence-of-premonitions-hinted-at-in-new-study/
 











Edward I. Pollak , Ph.D. 

Professor Emeritus of Psychology 

West Chester University of Pennsylvania 

http://home.comcast.net/~epollak/ 

Husband, father, grandfather, bluegrass fiddler, banjoist & biopsychologist 
... in approximate order of importance 






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RE:[tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[Marc Carter]

Key quote: "Mossbridge said that researchers are not sure whether people are 
really sensing the future..."

You sure wouldn't get much sense of that from reading the story.

We're doomed.

--
Marc Carter, PhD
Associate Professor of Psychology
Chair, Department of Behavioral and Health Sciences
College of Arts & Sciences
Baker University
--

From: Pollak, Edward (Retired) [mailto:epol...@wcupa.edu]
Sent: Thursday, October 25, 2012 11:17 AM
To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS)
Subject: [tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study











Here we go again!



Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/10/22/evidence-of-premonitions-hinted-at-in-new-study/


Edward I. Pollak, Ph.D.
Professor Emeritus of Psychology
West Chester University of Pennsylvania
http://home.comcast.net/~epollak/
Husband, father, grandfather, bluegrass fiddler, banjoist & 
biopsychologist... in approximate order of importance




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[tips] Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

[Pollak, Edward (Retired)]

Here we go again!



Evidence of Premonitions Discovered in New Study

http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/10/22/evidence-of-premonitions-hinted-at-in-new-study/


Edward I. Pollak, Ph.D.
Professor Emeritus of Psychology
West Chester University of Pennsylvania
http://home.comcast.net/~epollak/
Husband, father, grandfather, bluegrass fiddler, banjoist & 
biopsychologist... in approximate order of importance



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