Public bug reported:

My machine is a LattePanda board, which uses a "chtrt5645" device as a
sound card. It has a single headphone output jack, which I think is a
TRRS jack, with a mic input, such as is normally used on phones.

When I don't have headphones plugged in, the system thinks headphones
*are* plugged in. Gnome Control Center shows my audio device as being
headphones. If I insert a headphone connector partway into the jack, I
can even get sound in the headphones.

But if I plug the headphones all the way in, the system decided that I
have *un*plugged the headphones, and switches output over to "Speaker".
The system doesn't actually have a speaker, only a headphone jack. And
when the system switches over to "Speaker", I get no sound out of the
headphones, even if I open "pavucontrol" and swap over to "Headphones
(unplugged)" on the "Output Devices" tab.

This is what "pacmd"'s "list-cards" command says with my headphones
*unplugged*:

2 card(s) available.
    index: 0
        name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_02.0-platform-hdmi-lpe-audio>
        driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
        owner module: 7
        properties:
                alsa.card = "1"
                alsa.card_name = "Intel HDMI/DP LPE Audio"
                alsa.long_card_name = "Intel HDMI/DP LPE Audio"
                alsa.driver_name = "snd_hdmi_lpe_audio"
                device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:02.0-platform-hdmi-lpe-audio"
                sysfs.path = 
"/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/hdmi-lpe-audio/sound/card1"
                device.bus = "pci"
                device.vendor.id = "8086"
                device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
                device.product.id = "22b0"
                device.product.name = "Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor 
x5-E8000/J3xxx/N3xxx Series PCI Configuration Registers"
                device.string = "1"
                device.description = "Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor 
x5-E8000/J3xxx/N3xxx Series PCI Configuration Registers"
                module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
                device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
        profiles:
                output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output (priority 
5900, available: no)
                output:hdmi-surround: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output 
(priority 800, available: no)
                output:hdmi-surround71: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI) Output 
(priority 800, available: no)
                output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2) Output 
(priority 5700, available: no)
                output:hdmi-surround-extra1: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2) 
Output (priority 600, available: no)
                output:hdmi-surround71-extra1: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2) 
Output (priority 600, available: no)
                output:hdmi-stereo-extra2: Digital Stereo (HDMI 3) Output 
(priority 5700, available: no)
                output:hdmi-surround-extra2: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3) 
Output (priority 600, available: no)
                output:hdmi-surround71-extra2: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3) 
Output (priority 600, available: no)
                off: Off (priority 0, available: unknown)
        active profile: <off>
        ports:
                hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency 
offset 0 usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                device.icon_name = "video-display"
                hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency 
offset 0 usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                device.icon_name = "video-display"
                hdmi-output-2: HDMI / DisplayPort 3 (priority 5700, latency 
offset 0 usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                device.icon_name = "video-display"
    index: 1
        name: <alsa_card.platform-cht-bsw-rt5645>
        driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
        owner module: 8
        properties:
                alsa.card = "0"
                alsa.card_name = "chtrt5645"
                alsa.long_card_name = 
"AMICorporation-Defaultstring-Defaultstring-CherryTrailCR"
                alsa.driver_name = "snd_soc_sst_cht_bsw_rt5645"
                device.bus_path = "platform-cht-bsw-rt5645"
                sysfs.path = 
"/devices/pci0000:00/808622A8:00/cht-bsw-rt5645/sound/card0"
                device.form_factor = "internal"
                device.string = "0"
                device.description = "Built-in Audio"
                module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
                device.icon_name = "audio-card"
        profiles:
                HiFi: Default (priority 8000, available: unknown)
                off: Off (priority 0, available: unknown)
        active profile: <HiFi>
        sinks:
                
alsa_output.platform-cht-bsw-rt5645.HiFi__hw_chtrt5645__sink/#0: Built-in Audio 
Headphones + Speaker
        sources:
                
alsa_output.platform-cht-bsw-rt5645.HiFi__hw_chtrt5645__sink.monitor/#0: 
Monitor of Built-in Audio Headphones + Speaker
                
alsa_input.platform-cht-bsw-rt5645.HiFi__hw_chtrt5645__source/#1: Built-in 
Audio Headset Microphone + Internal Analog Microphone
        ports:
                [Out] Headphones: Headphones (priority 100, latency offset 0 
usec, available: yes)
                        properties:
                                
                [Out] Speaker: Speaker (priority 100, latency offset 0 usec, 
available: no)
                        properties:
                                
                [In] HSMic: Headset Microphone (priority 100, latency offset 0 
usec, available: yes)
                        properties:
                                
                [In] Mic: Internal Analog Microphone (priority 150, latency 
offset 0 usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                


When I plug in the headphones, the entry for card 1 changes to:

    index: 1
        name: <alsa_card.platform-cht-bsw-rt5645>
        driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
        owner module: 8
        properties:
                alsa.card = "0"
                alsa.card_name = "chtrt5645"
                alsa.long_card_name = 
"AMICorporation-Defaultstring-Defaultstring-CherryTrailCR"
                alsa.driver_name = "snd_soc_sst_cht_bsw_rt5645"
                device.bus_path = "platform-cht-bsw-rt5645"
                sysfs.path = 
"/devices/pci0000:00/808622A8:00/cht-bsw-rt5645/sound/card0"
                device.form_factor = "internal"
                device.string = "0"
                device.description = "Built-in Audio"
                module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
                device.icon_name = "audio-card"
        profiles:
                HiFi: Default (priority 8000, available: unknown)
                off: Off (priority 0, available: unknown)
        active profile: <HiFi>
        sinks:
                
alsa_output.platform-cht-bsw-rt5645.HiFi__hw_chtrt5645__sink/#0: Built-in Audio 
Headphones + Speaker
        sources:
                
alsa_output.platform-cht-bsw-rt5645.HiFi__hw_chtrt5645__sink.monitor/#0: 
Monitor of Built-in Audio Headphones + Speaker
                
alsa_input.platform-cht-bsw-rt5645.HiFi__hw_chtrt5645__source/#1: Built-in 
Audio Headset Microphone + Internal Analog Microphone
        ports:
                [Out] Headphones: Headphones (priority 100, latency offset 0 
usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                
                [Out] Speaker: Speaker (priority 100, latency offset 0 usec, 
available: unknown)
                        properties:
                                
                [In] HSMic: Headset Microphone (priority 100, latency offset 0 
usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                
                [In] Mic: Internal Analog Microphone (priority 150, latency 
offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
                        properties:
                                

Note that the "Headphones" port is now "available: no".

PulseAudio is getting all these ports from Alsa's UCM (Use Case Manager)
system, which has a bunch of config files that live in
/usr/share/alsa/ucm. I tried editing
/usr/share/alsa/ucm/chtrt5645/HiFi.conf to swap the enable and disable
procedures for the headphones and the speakers, in hopes of convincing
it to route audio out the headphone jack, but that didn't work.

This problem has affected me since at least Ubuntu 18.04. I've upgraded
through 18.10 and to 19.04 today. All three releases have the same
problem.

1. How is the PulseAudio/ALSA system determining whether headphones are
plugged in or not?

2. How do I invert the sense of that test?

ProblemType: Bug
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 19.04
Package: libasound2 1.1.8-1
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 5.0.0-8.9-generic 5.0.1
Uname: Linux 5.0.0-8-generic x86_64
ApportVersion: 2.20.10-0ubuntu26
Architecture: amd64
CurrentDesktop: ubuntu:GNOME
Date: Wed Apr 10 19:21:09 2019
InstallationDate: Installed on 2018-12-08 (123 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS "Bionic Beaver" - Release amd64 (20180725)
ProcEnviron:
 TERM=xterm-256color
 PATH=(custom, no user)
 XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=<set>
 LANG=en_US.UTF-8
 SHELL=/bin/bash
SourcePackage: alsa-lib
UpgradeStatus: Upgraded to disco on 2019-04-11 (0 days ago)

** Affects: alsa-lib (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New


** Tags: amd64 apport-bug disco

** Summary changed:

- Headphone jack switch sense is inverted: pliugging in headphones disables 
headphone output
+ Headphone jack switch sense is inverted: plugging in headphones disables 
headphone output

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1824259

Title:
  Headphone jack switch sense is inverted: plugging in headphones
  disables headphone output

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