Re: [Vo]:Exhaled Pounds: How Fat Leaves the Body
John Berry wrote: > Huge issues regarding weight gain are probiotics, these can be responsible > for obesity or weight loss. > Many experiments with mice have proven this out. > The most effective way to make mice and other mammals fat is to feed them cooked food, instead of raw food. See Wrangham's book "Catching Fire: How Cooking Made Us Human" for details. Incidentally, mice and most other animals prefer cooked food. They will eat it instead of raw food, when given a choice. Cooked food is more readily digested, and it supplies more nutrients per gram. Some plant foods, eaten raw, take more energy to digest than they supply. You starve to death eating them uncooked. This happened to some European explorers in Australia who were cut off from supplies. They ate native food but neglected to cook it. (People in Australia during droughts also starved to death eating only extremely lean kangaroo meat, with no fat, in an extreme Atkins diet. See the book "Good to Eat.") This is also why humans have smaller guts and teeth than other primates, and they spend many fewer hours per day chewing and eating. People probably began cooking food hundreds of thousands of years ago. It has already had a profound effect on our body shape and biology in a remarkably short amount of time by evolutionary standards. We could not survive without cooked food. There is modern fad to eat only raw food. The people who do that, and stick to it for a while, are severely undernourished and suffer from many health problems, according to Wrangham. > Another significant issue seems to be food intolerances and leaky gut, > which results in weight gain and a myriad of problems. > As far as I know, intolerances cause only weight loss. You excrete undigested food, such as milk products if you are lactose intolerant. Diseases that cause persistent diarrhea can also cause extreme weight loss, enough to kill a patient without modern IVs and other intervention. A "leaky gut" that puts water in the tissue around the stomach is what causes people dying from starvation to have a bloated gut. It is a horrible sight. Some ignorant fools have pointed to photos of this and said "those people must be getting something to eat." There are some medical conditions with water retention that look like obesity to an untrained observer. They are rare. I knew a woman who had that problem when she was dying from cancer, caused by the drugs used in the 1960s. In the U.S. there has been a tremendous increase in obesity since the 1970s. All of the experts I have read agree this is caused by changes in diet and in what anthropologists called "foodways" or customs related to eating, such as when, where and how much you eat. (See again "Good to Eat," and "Prescription for a Healthy Nation.") Many of the foods now sold in grocery stores did not exist before 1970, or they were rare. People who eat traditional pre-1970s era diets, such as me, are no fatter than our fathers or grandfathers were at our age. There has not been a significant decrease in exercise by people over 21 in the U.S. in the last 50 years, so that is not the primary cause of the problem. Lack of exercise in children might be a major contributing factor. Experts disagree about that. There is a tremendous amount of misinformation about diet and obesity in the U.S. Up until they 1960s, they used to teach primary public school students about these subjects, which I think reduced obesity and other problems. They still do teach these subjects in Italy, France and Japan, which have far less of an obesity problem, and much better, healthier food than the U.S. The food served in their public schools is also tastier and more healthy than U.S. school lunches or U.S. fast food restaurants. The problem cannot be caused by lack of exercise in adults or by drugs known to cause obesity in some patients, such as some contraceptives. We know this because genetically similar populations of adults in Europe, in France and Italy, get about the same amount of exercise and they consume similar levels of the drugs, but obesity has not increased much. The only major difference is how much food they eat, and the type of food. In the U.K. the population eats similar amounts and types of food as in the U.S. and they have the same level of obesity. Contraceptives and most other drugs that are known to cause a weight gain only have that effect on a few patients, and the gains are only a few pounds. Any obese person who stops eating or loses the ability to digest will get thin, very quickly. This happens to people who suffer from stomach cancer, for example. - Jed
Re: [Vo]:Exhaled Pounds: How Fat Leaves the Body
There used to be a product called Oxycise in the 90's, looking online it still exists. Huge issues regarding weight gain are probiotics, these can be responsible for obesity or weight loss. Many experiments with mice have proven this out. Another significant issue seems to be food intolerances and leaky gut, which results in weight gain and a myriad of problems. John On Sun, Dec 21, 2014 at 10:14 AM, Jed Rothwell wrote: > H Veeder wrote: > >> >> I wonder if it can also explain why some people can eat relatively little >> and not wither away. >> > > This is always caused by effective digestion. There are large differences > in how much food some people can digest than others. People who eat a lot > but remain thin are excreting a great deal of undigested food. This is not > healthy. In some cases it is because they lack the genes to digest one > particular food group, such as milk. There are no differences in metabolic > efficiency. That is, 1 g of fat always converts to 16.8 J heat and energy. > There are minor differences in basal metabolic rate (BMR) for different > people. It depends on your size and weight, but even people of the same > size and weight may vary by ~5% or 10%. This was established during WWII > when hundreds of volunteers in the U.S. were subjected to starvation under > medical supervision. > > Some obese people have the notion that they have "slow metabolism" (which > can only mean a low BMR as far as I know). They think this causes obesity. > They are wrong. The widest range in metabolism for a given body weight and > size amounts to about 50 kcal per day. One piece of bread will make up for > it. See: > > http://dietuni.com/diet/the-myth-of-slow-metabolism > > This shows a short segment of a BBC documentary in which they measure a > woman's BMR but putting a large face mask over her. They also use "double > labeled water" to track the amount of food she eats, by analyzing her > urine. This is water with unnatural isotopic ratios in both the oxygen and > hydrogen. One dose is enough to let them track for about a week, I think. > > > http://www.ucsdeparc.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=82 > > - Jed > >
Re: [Vo]:Exhaled Pounds: How Fat Leaves the Body
H Veeder wrote: > > I wonder if it can also explain why some people can eat relatively little > and not wither away. > This is always caused by effective digestion. There are large differences in how much food some people can digest than others. People who eat a lot but remain thin are excreting a great deal of undigested food. This is not healthy. In some cases it is because they lack the genes to digest one particular food group, such as milk. There are no differences in metabolic efficiency. That is, 1 g of fat always converts to 16.8 J heat and energy. There are minor differences in basal metabolic rate (BMR) for different people. It depends on your size and weight, but even people of the same size and weight may vary by ~5% or 10%. This was established during WWII when hundreds of volunteers in the U.S. were subjected to starvation under medical supervision. Some obese people have the notion that they have "slow metabolism" (which can only mean a low BMR as far as I know). They think this causes obesity. They are wrong. The widest range in metabolism for a given body weight and size amounts to about 50 kcal per day. One piece of bread will make up for it. See: http://dietuni.com/diet/the-myth-of-slow-metabolism This shows a short segment of a BBC documentary in which they measure a woman's BMR but putting a large face mask over her. They also use "double labeled water" to track the amount of food she eats, by analyzing her urine. This is water with unnatural isotopic ratios in both the oxygen and hydrogen. One dose is enough to let them track for about a week, I think. http://www.ucsdeparc.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=82 - Jed
Re: [Vo]:Exhaled Pounds: How Fat Leaves the Body
H Veeder wrote: << > When you lose weight, where does it go? Turns out, most of it is exhaled. > In a new study, scientists explain the fate of fat in a human body, and > through precise calculations, debunk some common misconceptions. Fat > doesn't simply "turn into" energy or heat, and it doesn't break into > smaller parts and get excreted, the researchers say. > >> > Obviously it is not excreted! That's idiotic. It has to be oxidized (burned; metabolized) to produce energy. If it were excreted it would still have all the potential energy. Excretia includes only waste products the body cannot metabolize; similar to ash. People have been measuring metabolism by measuring CO2 output for well over a century. That is the only way to measure it. That is why medical research projects have people on treadmills wearing face masks. > Most people believed that fat is converted to energy or heat, which > violates the law of conservation of mass. > Wht? It is burned. It is carbon that combines with oxygen from the air to form CO2. > We suspect this misconception is caused by the “energy in/energy out” > mantra and the focus on energy production in university biochemistry > courses. > This is nuts. - Jed
Re: [Vo]:Exhaled Pounds: How Fat Leaves the Body
Good question. I wonder if it can also explain why some people can eat relatively little and not wither away. Harry On Fri, Dec 19, 2014 at 10:37 PM, leaking pen wrote: > that.. makes perfect sense, but I never thought about it. I wonder > if... hmm. Aerobic exercise that increases oxygen brought into the body > is generally considered better for losing fat, and people with nasal issues > that lower oxygen intake often are larger. I wonder if low oxygen levels > tie to fat production. Cold and higher elevation climates tend towards > fatter people, and the explanation was always insulation, but > > > On Fri, Dec 19, 2014 at 8:29 PM, H Veeder wrote: >> >> << >> When you lose weight, where does it go? Turns out, most of it is exhaled. >> In a new study, scientists explain the fate of fat in a human body, and >> through precise calculations, debunk some common misconceptions. Fat >> doesn't simply "turn into" energy or heat, and it doesn't break into >> smaller parts and get excreted, the researchers say. >> >> >> >> http://www.livescience.com/49157-how-fat-is-lost-body.html >> >> - >> >> >> << >> Considering the soaring overweight and obesity rates and strong interest >> in this topic, there is surprising ignorance and confusion about the >> metabolic process of weight loss among the general public and health >> professionals alike. We encountered widespread misconceptions about how >> humans lose weight among general practitioners, dietitians, and personal >> trainers (fig 1⇓). Most people believed that fat is converted to energy or >> heat, which violates the law of conservation of mass. We suspect this >> misconception is caused by the “energy in/energy out” mantra and the focus >> on energy production in university biochemistry courses. Other >> misconceptions were that the metabolites of fat are excreted in the faeces >> or converted to muscle. We present a novel calculation to show how we “lose >> weight.” >> >> >> >> >> http://www.bmj.com/content/349/bmj.g7257 >> >> >> >> Harry >> >>
Re: [Vo]:Exhaled Pounds: How Fat Leaves the Body
that.. makes perfect sense, but I never thought about it. I wonder if... hmm. Aerobic exercise that increases oxygen brought into the body is generally considered better for losing fat, and people with nasal issues that lower oxygen intake often are larger. I wonder if low oxygen levels tie to fat production. Cold and higher elevation climates tend towards fatter people, and the explanation was always insulation, but On Fri, Dec 19, 2014 at 8:29 PM, H Veeder wrote: > > << > When you lose weight, where does it go? Turns out, most of it is exhaled. > In a new study, scientists explain the fate of fat in a human body, and > through precise calculations, debunk some common misconceptions. Fat > doesn't simply "turn into" energy or heat, and it doesn't break into > smaller parts and get excreted, the researchers say. > >> > > http://www.livescience.com/49157-how-fat-is-lost-body.html > > - > > > << > Considering the soaring overweight and obesity rates and strong interest > in this topic, there is surprising ignorance and confusion about the > metabolic process of weight loss among the general public and health > professionals alike. We encountered widespread misconceptions about how > humans lose weight among general practitioners, dietitians, and personal > trainers (fig 1⇓). Most people believed that fat is converted to energy or > heat, which violates the law of conservation of mass. We suspect this > misconception is caused by the “energy in/energy out” mantra and the focus > on energy production in university biochemistry courses. Other > misconceptions were that the metabolites of fat are excreted in the faeces > or converted to muscle. We present a novel calculation to show how we “lose > weight.” > >> > > > http://www.bmj.com/content/349/bmj.g7257 > > > > Harry > >
[Vo]:Exhaled Pounds: How Fat Leaves the Body
<< When you lose weight, where does it go? Turns out, most of it is exhaled. In a new study, scientists explain the fate of fat in a human body, and through precise calculations, debunk some common misconceptions. Fat doesn't simply "turn into" energy or heat, and it doesn't break into smaller parts and get excreted, the researchers say. >> http://www.livescience.com/49157-how-fat-is-lost-body.html - << Considering the soaring overweight and obesity rates and strong interest in this topic, there is surprising ignorance and confusion about the metabolic process of weight loss among the general public and health professionals alike. We encountered widespread misconceptions about how humans lose weight among general practitioners, dietitians, and personal trainers (fig 1⇓). Most people believed that fat is converted to energy or heat, which violates the law of conservation of mass. We suspect this misconception is caused by the “energy in/energy out” mantra and the focus on energy production in university biochemistry courses. Other misconceptions were that the metabolites of fat are excreted in the faeces or converted to muscle. We present a novel calculation to show how we “lose weight.” >> http://www.bmj.com/content/349/bmj.g7257 Harry
