Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
aaah no, there is nothing invalid about more than one stylesheet
link tag in the markup
On Thu, Feb 28, 2008 at 5:17 PM, Tim MacKay [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I think its also improper markup to have more than one stylesheet link so
@import might be a way to keep the code modular and still only have one
style sheet link.
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On
Behalf Of Kane Tapping
Sent: Thursday, 28 February 2008 4:59 PM
To: wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
Subject: Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Hi ,
I believe @import was originally used by designers to create styles
Netscape Navigator 4 would not implement incorrectly.
Some other reasons why you might use this rather then multiple link rel
declarations, include:
You can declare the @import within a CSS file style or style= (you can
also choose where in the CSS document to @import, allowing greater control
of the cascade's.)
link rel can only be declared in the head of a document (some systems do
not give access to this area, or only allow a set link to their stylesheet.)
Kind Regards,
Kane Tapping
Web Standards Developer
Web and Content Management Services
Griffith University. 4111. Australia.
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Phone: +61 (0)7 3735 7630
Michael Horowitz [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent by: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
28/02/2008 01:46 PM
Please respond to
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
To
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
cc
Subject
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Is there a difference or specific reason to use the @import
Michael Horowitz
Your Computer Consultant
http://yourcomputerconsultant.com
561-394-9079
Kane Tapping wrote:
Hi ,
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK,
they take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
That would be the LAST style that is most relevant to the element.
(unless !important is used to override the cascade.)
It also worth noting that multiple stylesheets are also commonly
referenced within CSS using @import.
The main benefit of using multiple stylesheets is for modular code.
Kind Regards,
Kane Tapping
Web Standards Developer
Web and Content Management Services
Griffith University. 4111. Australia._
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mailto://[EMAIL PROTECTED]/
Phone: +61 (0)7 3735 7630
*Steven Workman [EMAIL PROTECTED]*
Sent by: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
28/02/2008 03:36 AM
Please respond to
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
To
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
cc
Subject
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Michael,
Multiple style sheets are quite common in large sites. Splitting your
stylesheets into a basics, main and special cases is good for
keeping your code separate, also allowing multiple developers to work
on different areas of a site's styles without interrupting each other.
It's also becoming more common that any off the shelf javascript
techniques come with their own stylesheets i.e. Cody Lindley's Thickbox.
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK,
they take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
Say you had ullispan class=bobSome text/span/li/ul
If your first stylesheet said:
ul li { color:red;
}
and the second one said
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as *blue*.
However, if the first one said
ul li .bob { color:red;
}
and the second one remained the same
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as *red
*
Steve Workman
PA Consulting Group_
__www.paconsulting.com_ http://www.paconsulting.com/_
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]_
__www.steel-software.com_ http://www.steel-software.com/
On 27/02/2008, *Michael Horowitz*
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Just inherited a site and saw pages with multiple style sheets. Is
there a reason for that and how does the browser determine what to use
if there is a conflict
--
Michael Horowitz
Your Computer Consultant_
__http://yourcomputerconsultant.com_ http://yourcomputerconsultant.com/
561-394-9079
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Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
On 3/1/08, Melissa Forrest [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: aaah no, there is nothing invalid about more than one stylesheet link tag in the markup do you have a link for your side? dwain -- dwain alford The artist may use any form which his expression demands; for his inner impulse must find suitable expression. Kandinsky *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ***
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
On Sat, Mar 1, 2008 at 12:47 PM, dwain [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: do you have a link for your side? validator.w3.org? -- - Matthew *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ***
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
On 3/1/08, Matthew Pennell [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Sat, Mar 1, 2008 at 12:47 PM, dwain [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: do you have a link for your side? validator.w3.org? what about the w3c specs? dwain -- dwain alford The artist may use any form which his expression demands; for his inner impulse must find suitable expression. Kandinsky *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ***
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
dwain wrote: On 3/1/08, Melissa Forrest [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: aaah no, there is nothing invalid about more than one stylesheet link tag in the markup do you have a link for your side? Validity isn't a problem, but don't add too many stylesheet links or style elements in the markup - unless one doesn't want IE/win to get them all... http://www.gunlaug.no/contents/wd_chaos_27.html Haven't tested for number of @imports yet, but IE/win gets them wrong anyway - so far... http://www.gunlaug.no/contents/wd_chaos_20.html http://www.gunlaug.no/contents/wd_additions_12.html regards Georg -- http://www.gunlaug.no *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ***
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
dwain wrote: On 3/1/08, Matthew Pennell [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Sat, Mar 1, 2008 at 12:47 PM, dwain [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: do you have a link for your side? validator.w3.org? what about the w3c specs? http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/present/styles.html#h-14.3 I think this gives us the necessary freedom to add stylesheet links. 14.3.1 Preferred and alternate style sheets HTML allows authors to associate any number of external style sheets with a document. The style sheet language defines how multiple external style sheets interact (for example, the CSS cascade rules). ...with this limitation... If two or more LINK elements specify a preferred style sheet, the first one takes precedence. regards Georg -- http://www.gunlaug.no *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ***
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
On 27 Feb 2008, at 16:55, Michael Horowitz wrote:
Just inherited a site and saw pages with multiple style sheets. Is
there a reason for that and how does the browser determine what to
use if there is a conflict
Michael, I assume that you mean that the page referenced several
external stylesheets using multiple link tags?
I /believe/ that the browser simple loads them one after the other in
the order that they appear in the source (unless the stylesheet's rel
is marked up as being 'alternate'), with one stylesheet being
appended to the end of the previous one. In effect the browser sees
one big stylesheet.
As for conflict resolution, my understanding is that the normal rules
of CSS inheritance apply.
Eg.
You have source:
link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=styles_A.css /
link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=styles_B.css /
link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=styles_C.css /
In the CSS:
styles_A contains the rule:
body { background-color: white}
...and...
styles_B contains the rule:
body { background-color: red}
then the page's background colour would, rather unpleasantly, be red.
I think that's right...
--
Rick Lecoat
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Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
You specify different stylesheets for different medias. The most common ones are to target handhelds, print and screenreaders. The user-agent will use the MEDIA attribute to pick the correct stylesheet. It is also possible to provide multiple stylesheets which the user can select from. Though IE doesn't have any UI for this. These are provided by adding 'alternate' to the REL property. ( rel=alternate stylesheet ) - Original Message - From: Michael Horowitz [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: wsg@webstandardsgroup.org Sent: Wednesday, February 27, 2008 5:55 PM Subject: [WSG] multiple css style sheets Just inherited a site and saw pages with multiple style sheets. Is there a reason for that and how does the browser determine what to use if there is a conflict -- Michael Horowitz Your Computer Consultant http://yourcomputerconsultant.com 561-394-9079 *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] *** *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ***
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
I see no reason not to use multiple stylesheets other than a smaller download time. Each stylesheet should be separated only if it serves a purpose of course. For example, most of my sites currently use this formula: !-- CSS -- link rel=stylesheet type=text/css media=all href=/css/global.css link rel=stylesheet type=text/css media=screen, projection href=/css/screen.css link rel=stylesheet type=text/css media=screen, projection href=/css/homepage.css !--[if lt IE 7] link rel=stylesheet type=text/css media=screen, projection href=/css/ie.css ![endif]-- link rel=stylesheet type=text/css media=print href=/css/print.css I could probably add a handheld stylesheet to that setup. The global stylesheet handles the global styles for all media types and performs some resets to standardize areas where browsers differ. The screen stylesheet handles the universal screen styles. The homepage stylesheet handles elements that are unique to the homepage. (or subpage if thats the case) The ie stylesheet handles box model fixes etc for ie6 and under Finally, the print stylesheet handles print display. Needless to say, one stylesheet couldn't be this flexible. As far as conflicting rules, typically the browser would render whichever rule came last, overwriting any previously set styles while inheriting those that are not affected. Joseph R. B. Taylor /Designer / Developer/ -- Sites by Joe, LLC /Clean, Simple and Elegant Web Design/ Phone: (609) 335-3076 Fax: (866) 301-8045 Web: http://sitesbyjoe.com Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Michael Horowitz wrote: Just inherited a site and saw pages with multiple style sheets. Is there a reason for that and how does the browser determine what to use if there is a conflict *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ***begin:vcard fn:Joseph Taylor n:Taylor;Joseph org:Sites by Joe, LLC adr:;;408 Route 47 South;Cape May Court House;NJ;08210;USA email;internet:[EMAIL PROTECTED] title:Designer / Developer tel;work:609-335-3076 tel;fax:866-301-8045 tel;cell:609-335-3076 x-mozilla-html:TRUE url:http://sitesbyjoe.com version:2.1 end:vcard
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Hi ,
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK, they
take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
That would be the LAST style that is most relevant to the element. (unless
!important is used to override the cascade.)
It also worth noting that multiple stylesheets are also commonly
referenced within CSS using @import.
The main benefit of using multiple stylesheets is for modular code.
Kind Regards,
Kane Tapping
Web Standards Developer
Web and Content Management Services
Griffith University. 4111. Australia.
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Phone: +61 (0)7 3735 7630
Steven Workman [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent by: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
28/02/2008 03:36 AM
Please respond to
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
To
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
cc
Subject
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Michael,
Multiple style sheets are quite common in large sites. Splitting your
stylesheets into a basics, main and special cases is good for
keeping your code separate, also allowing multiple developers to work on
different areas of a site's styles without interrupting each other. It's
also becoming more common that any off the shelf javascript techniques
come with their own stylesheets i.e. Cody Lindley's Thickbox.
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK, they
take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
Say you had ullispan class=bobSome text/span/li/ul
If your first stylesheet said:
ul li { color:red;
}
and the second one said
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as blue.
However, if the first one said
ul li .bob { color:red;
}
and the second one remained the same
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as red
Steve Workman
PA Consulting Group
www.paconsulting.com
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
www.steel-software.com
On 27/02/2008, Michael Horowitz [EMAIL PROTECTED]
wrote:
Just inherited a site and saw pages with multiple style sheets. Is
there a reason for that and how does the browser determine what to use
if there is a conflict
--
Michael Horowitz
Your Computer Consultant
http://yourcomputerconsultant.com
561-394-9079
***
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Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Is there a difference or specific reason to use the @import
Michael Horowitz
Your Computer Consultant
http://yourcomputerconsultant.com
561-394-9079
Kane Tapping wrote:
Hi ,
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK,
they take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
That would be the LAST style that is most relevant to the element.
(unless !important is used to override the cascade.)
It also worth noting that multiple stylesheets are also commonly
referenced within CSS using @import.
The main benefit of using multiple stylesheets is for modular code.
Kind Regards,
Kane Tapping
Web Standards Developer
Web and Content Management Services
Griffith University. 4111. Australia._
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mailto://[EMAIL PROTECTED]/
Phone: +61 (0)7 3735 7630
*Steven Workman [EMAIL PROTECTED]*
Sent by: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
28/02/2008 03:36 AM
Please respond to
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
To
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
cc
Subject
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Michael,
Multiple style sheets are quite common in large sites. Splitting your
stylesheets into a basics, main and special cases is good for
keeping your code separate, also allowing multiple developers to work
on different areas of a site's styles without interrupting each other.
It's also becoming more common that any off the shelf javascript
techniques come with their own stylesheets i.e. Cody Lindley's Thickbox.
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK,
they take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
Say you had ullispan class=bobSome text/span/li/ul
If your first stylesheet said:
ul li { color:red;
}
and the second one said
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as *blue*.
However, if the first one said
ul li .bob { color:red;
}
and the second one remained the same
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as *red
*
Steve Workman
PA Consulting Group_
__www.paconsulting.com_ http://www.paconsulting.com/_
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]_
__www.steel-software.com_ http://www.steel-software.com/
On 27/02/2008, *Michael Horowitz*
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Just inherited a site and saw pages with multiple style sheets. Is
there a reason for that and how does the browser determine what to use
if there is a conflict
--
Michael Horowitz
Your Computer Consultant_
__http://yourcomputerconsultant.com_ http://yourcomputerconsultant.com/
561-394-9079
***
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RE: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
On Behalf Of Kane Tapping Sent: Wednesday, February 27, 2008 6:25 PM To: wsg@webstandardsgroup.org Subject: Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK, they take the first style that is most relevant to the element. That would be the LAST style that is most relevant to the element. (unless !important is used to override the cascade.) rules with greater specificity will override the cascade too -- Regards, Thierry | http://www.TJKDesign.com *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ***
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
To be a little pedantic, the cascade includes both of those things so it's incorrect to say they override the cascade. My understanding of the cascade is that it includes all the following steps: 1. Sort by importance (i.e. !important or not) 2. Sort by specificity 3. Sort by source order That is, the 'cascade' represents this whole process of resolution. On 28/02/2008, at 3:03 PM, Thierry Koblentz wrote: That would be the LAST style that is most relevant to the element. (unless !important is used to override the cascade.) rules with greater specificity will override the cascade too -- Andrew http://tetlaw.id.au *** List Guidelines: http://webstandardsgroup.org/mail/guidelines.cfm Unsubscribe: http://webstandardsgroup.org/join/unsubscribe.cfm Help: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ***
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Hi ,
I believe @import was originally used by designers to create styles
Netscape Navigator 4 would not implement incorrectly.
Some other reasons why you might use this rather then multiple link rel
declarations, include:
You can declare the @import within a CSS file style or style= (you can
also choose where in the CSS document to @import, allowing greater control
of the cascade's.)
link rel can only be declared in the head of a document (some systems do
not give access to this area, or only allow a set link to their
stylesheet.)
Kind Regards,
Kane Tapping
Web Standards Developer
Web and Content Management Services
Griffith University. 4111. Australia.
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Phone: +61 (0)7 3735 7630
Michael Horowitz [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent by: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
28/02/2008 01:46 PM
Please respond to
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
To
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
cc
Subject
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Is there a difference or specific reason to use the @import
Michael Horowitz
Your Computer Consultant
http://yourcomputerconsultant.com
561-394-9079
Kane Tapping wrote:
Hi ,
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK,
they take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
That would be the LAST style that is most relevant to the element.
(unless !important is used to override the cascade.)
It also worth noting that multiple stylesheets are also commonly
referenced within CSS using @import.
The main benefit of using multiple stylesheets is for modular code.
Kind Regards,
Kane Tapping
Web Standards Developer
Web and Content Management Services
Griffith University. 4111. Australia._
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mailto://[EMAIL PROTECTED]/
Phone: +61 (0)7 3735 7630
*Steven Workman [EMAIL PROTECTED]*
Sent by: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
28/02/2008 03:36 AM
Please respond to
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
To
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
cc
Subject
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Michael,
Multiple style sheets are quite common in large sites. Splitting your
stylesheets into a basics, main and special cases is good for
keeping your code separate, also allowing multiple developers to work
on different areas of a site's styles without interrupting each other.
It's also becoming more common that any off the shelf javascript
techniques come with their own stylesheets i.e. Cody Lindley's Thickbox.
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK,
they take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
Say you had ullispan class=bobSome text/span/li/ul
If your first stylesheet said:
ul li { color:red;
}
and the second one said
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as *blue*.
However, if the first one said
ul li .bob { color:red;
}
and the second one remained the same
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as *red
*
Steve Workman
PA Consulting Group_
__www.paconsulting.com_ http://www.paconsulting.com/_
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
_
__www.steel-software.com_ http://www.steel-software.com/
On 27/02/2008, *Michael Horowitz*
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Just inherited a site and saw pages with multiple style sheets. Is
there a reason for that and how does the browser determine what to use
if there is a conflict
--
Michael Horowitz
Your Computer Consultant_
__http://yourcomputerconsultant.com_ http://yourcomputerconsultant.com/
561-394-9079
***
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RE: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
I think its also improper markup to have more than one stylesheet link so
@import might be a way to keep the code modular and still only have one
style sheet link.
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On
Behalf Of Kane Tapping
Sent: Thursday, 28 February 2008 4:59 PM
To: wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
Subject: Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Hi ,
I believe @import was originally used by designers to create styles Netscape
Navigator 4 would not implement incorrectly.
Some other reasons why you might use this rather then multiple link rel
declarations, include:
1. You can declare the @import within a CSS file style or style=
(you can also choose where in the CSS document to @import, allowing greater
control of the cascade's.)
2. link rel can only be declared in the head of a document (some
systems do not give access to this area, or only allow a set link to their
stylesheet.)
Kind Regards,
Kane Tapping
Web Standards Developer
Web and Content Management Services
Griffith University. 4111. Australia.
mailto://[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Phone: +61 (0)7 3735 7630
Michael Horowitz [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent by: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
28/02/2008 01:46 PM
Please respond to
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
To
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
cc
Subject
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Is there a difference or specific reason to use the @import
Michael Horowitz
Your Computer Consultant
http://yourcomputerconsultant.com
561-394-9079
Kane Tapping wrote:
Hi ,
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK,
they take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
That would be the LAST style that is most relevant to the element.
(unless !important is used to override the cascade.)
It also worth noting that multiple stylesheets are also commonly
referenced within CSS using @import.
The main benefit of using multiple stylesheets is for modular code.
Kind Regards,
Kane Tapping
Web Standards Developer
Web and Content Management Services
Griffith University. 4111. Australia._
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mailto://[EMAIL PROTECTED]/
Phone: +61 (0)7 3735 7630
*Steven Workman [EMAIL PROTECTED]*
Sent by: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
28/02/2008 03:36 AM
Please respond to
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
To
wsg@webstandardsgroup.org
cc
Subject
Re: [WSG] multiple css style sheets
Michael,
Multiple style sheets are quite common in large sites. Splitting your
stylesheets into a basics, main and special cases is good for
keeping your code separate, also allowing multiple developers to work
on different areas of a site's styles without interrupting each other.
It's also becoming more common that any off the shelf javascript
techniques come with their own stylesheets i.e. Cody Lindley's Thickbox.
How do browsers determine the winner in a conflict... well, AFAIK,
they take the first style that is most relevant to the element.
Say you had ullispan class=bobSome text/span/li/ul
If your first stylesheet said:
ul li { color:red;
}
and the second one said
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as *blue*.
However, if the first one said
ul li .bob { color:red;
}
and the second one remained the same
.bob { color: blue;
}
It would render as *red
*
Steve Workman
PA Consulting Group_
__www.paconsulting.com_ http://www.paconsulting.com/_
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]_
__www.steel-software.com_ http://www.steel-software.com/
On 27/02/2008, *Michael Horowitz*
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Just inherited a site and saw pages with multiple style sheets. Is
there a reason for that and how does the browser determine what to use
if there is a conflict
--
Michael Horowitz
Your Computer Consultant_
__http://yourcomputerconsultant.com_ http://yourcomputerconsultant.com/
561-394-9079
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