RE: Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
Even worse than the tobacco industry, no? Aye. (re: Ethyl) Hmm, no parallels to global warming and certain researchers either... The possible link between crime and lead levels is intriguing; articles on lead's harmful effects particularly WRT children have been posted previously, so I won't add any. O quit cheering! !! Clear correlation between lead and crime. A number of studies have demonstrated this unequivocally. c ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
RE: Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
At 01:04 PM Saturday 2/23/2008, Curtis Burisch wrote: Clear correlation between lead and crime. A number of studies have demonstrated this unequivocally. Giving a whole new level of meaning to the gangster movie cliche about dying of lead poisoning . . . -- Ronn! :) ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
Re: Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
Alberto Vieira Ferreira Monteiro wrote: Deborah Harrell wrote: snip The possible link between crime and lead levels is intriguing; articles on lead's harmful effects particularly WRT children have been posted previously... I am curious about this (lead tetraethyl) - crime link. Brazil was one of the first countries to ban lead (because of ethanol, whose octane rating is high), and we don't have nice numbers on crime. It was a paragraph from the posted article I was commenting on - I didn't actually do any digging myself. http://www.damninteresting.com/?p=932 ...The specific harms done by environmental lead are difficult to quantify. It is known that children are much more apt to absorb the neurotoxic metal than adults, and it is suspected to have stricken many children with behavior problems, learning difficulties, hyperactivity, and breathing complications. Even more troubling, a number of recent studies have shown a strong correlation between atmospheric lead levels and crime rates. A study published in the peer-reviewed journal Environmental Research, which used data spanning more than fifty years, reported a very strong association between the exposure of young children to lead, and crime rates twenty years later when they became young adults. This correlation holds true for a wide variety of locales, social conditions, and models of government. The sharp decline in US crime rates which began in the early 1990s dovetails perfectly with the reduction of leaded gasoline in the early 1970s; and other countries which followed suit saw similar declines, also delayed by twenty years. It seems that the lawmakers who claim credit for crime-reducing legislation during that time are probably misplacing their congratulations. In another study, Pittsburgh University researchers found that juvenile delinquents had lead levels four times higher on average than law-abiding adolescents... There have been several studies that show decreased IQ with even very low levels of lead in children; IIRC it was in the 2-4ug/dl range, with the grosser effects of lead poisoning manifesting at greater than ~40ug/dl. This is the Medline for laypersons page: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002473.htm ...Over time, even low levels of lead exposure can harm a child's mental development. The possible health problems get worse as the level of lead in the blood gets higher. Possible complications include: Reduced IQ Slowed body growth Hearing problems Behavior or attention problems Failure at school Kidney damage A more detailed article from the Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/lead-poisoning/FL00068 ...Lead levels in the blood are measured in micrograms per deciliter (mcg/dL). An unsafe level is 10 mcg/dL or higher a guideline set by the CDC. This was set in 1991; the articles I cited some years ago about subtle effects at very low levels were from the late nineties to early 21st, IIRC. http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1993/5/93.05.06.x.html#r [Has the 1991 CDC guidelines in addition to even more detail on lead poisoning and prevention.] I'm short on time today, but if you like I will see what PubMed has on crime/lead exposure, if anything. Debbi Colonel Mustard In The Library With The Lead Pipe Maru Never miss a thing. Make Yahoo your home page. http://www.yahoo.com/r/hs ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
Re: Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
Alberto Vieira Ferreira Monteiro wrote: Deborah Harrell wrote: snip The possible link between crime and lead levels is intriguing; articles on lead's harmful effects particularly WRT children have been posted previously... I am curious about this (lead tetraethyl) - crime link. Brazil was one of the first countries to ban lead (because of ethanol, whose octane rating is high), and we don't have nice numbers on crime. It was a paragraph from the posted article I was commenting on - I didn't actually do any digging myself. http://www.damninteresting.com/?p=932 ...The specific harms done by environmental lead are difficult to quantify. It is known that children are much more apt to absorb the neurotoxic metal than adults, and it is suspected to have stricken many children with behavior problems, learning difficulties, hyperactivity, and breathing complications. Even more troubling, a number of recent studies have shown a strong correlation between atmospheric lead levels and crime rates. A study published in the peer-reviewed journal Environmental Research, which used data spanning more than fifty years, reported a very strong association between the exposure of young children to lead, and crime rates twenty years later when they became young adults. This correlation holds true for a wide variety of locales, social conditions, and models of government. The sharp decline in US crime rates which began in the early 1990s dovetails perfectly with the reduction of leaded gasoline in the early 1970s; and other countries which followed suit saw similar declines, also delayed by twenty years. It seems that the lawmakers who claim credit for crime-reducing legislation during that time are probably misplacing their congratulations. In another study, Pittsburgh University researchers found that juvenile delinquents had lead levels four times higher on average than law-abiding adolescents... There have been several studies that show decreased IQ with even very low levels of lead in children; IIRC it was in the 2-4ug/dl range, with the grosser effects of lead poisoning manifesting at greater than ~40ug/dl. This is the Medline for laypersons page: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002473.htm ...Over time, even low levels of lead exposure can harm a child's mental development. The possible health problems get worse as the level of lead in the blood gets higher. Possible complications include: Reduced IQ Slowed body growth Hearing problems Behavior or attention problems Failure at school Kidney damage A more detailed article from the Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/lead-poisoning/FL00068 ...Lead levels in the blood are measured in micrograms per deciliter (mcg/dL). An unsafe level is 10 mcg/dL or higher a guideline set by the CDC. This was set in 1991; the articles I cited some years ago about subtle effects at very low levels were from the late nineties to early 21st, IIRC. http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1993/5/93.05.06.x.html#r [Has the 1991 CDC guidelines in addition to even more detail on lead poisoning and prevention.] I'm short on time today, but if you like I will see what PubMed has on crime/lead exposure, if anything. Debbi Colonel Mustard In The Library With The Lead Pipe Maru Looking for last minute shopping deals? Find them fast with Yahoo! Search. http://tools.search.yahoo.com/newsearch/category.php?category=shopping ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
Re: Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
Alberto Vieira Ferreira Monteiro wrote: Deborah Harrell wrote: snip The possible link between crime and lead levels is intriguing; articles on lead's harmful effects particularly WRT children have been posted previously... I am curious about this (lead tetraethyl) - crime link. Brazil was one of the first countries to ban lead (because of ethanol, whose octane rating is high), and we don't have nice numbers on crime. It was a paragraph from the posted article I was commenting on - I didn't actually do any digging myself. http://www.damninteresting.com/?p=932 ...The specific harms done by environmental lead are difficult to quantify. It is known that children are much more apt to absorb the neurotoxic metal than adults, and it is suspected to have stricken many children with behavior problems, learning difficulties, hyperactivity, and breathing complications. Even more troubling, a number of recent studies have shown a strong correlation between atmospheric lead levels and crime rates. A study published in the peer-reviewed journal Environmental Research, which used data spanning more than fifty years, reported a very strong association between the exposure of young children to lead, and crime rates twenty years later when they became young adults. This correlation holds true for a wide variety of locales, social conditions, and models of government. The sharp decline in US crime rates which began in the early 1990s dovetails perfectly with the reduction of leaded gasoline in the early 1970s; and other countries which followed suit saw similar declines, also delayed by twenty years. It seems that the lawmakers who claim credit for crime-reducing legislation during that time are probably misplacing their congratulations. In another study, Pittsburgh University researchers found that juvenile delinquents had lead levels four times higher on average than law-abiding adolescents... There have been several studies that show decreased IQ with even very low levels of lead in children; IIRC it was in the 2-4ug/dl range, with the grosser effects of lead poisoning manifesting at greater than ~40ug/dl. This is the Medline for laypersons page: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002473.htm ...Over time, even low levels of lead exposure can harm a child's mental development. The possible health problems get worse as the level of lead in the blood gets higher. Possible complications include: Reduced IQ Slowed body growth Hearing problems Behavior or attention problems Failure at school Kidney damage A more detailed article from the Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/lead-poisoning/FL00068 ...Lead levels in the blood are measured in micrograms per deciliter (mcg/dL). An unsafe level is 10 mcg/dL or higher a guideline set by the CDC. This was set in 1991; the articles I cited some years ago about subtle effects at very low levels were from the late nineties to early 21st, IIRC. http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1993/5/93.05.06.x.html#r [Has the 1991 CDC guidelines in addition to even more detail on lead poisoning and prevention.] I'm short on time today, but if you like I will see what PubMed has on crime/lead exposure, if anything. Debbi Colonel Mustard In The Library With The Lead Pipe Maru Looking for last minute shopping deals? Find them fast with Yahoo! Search. http://tools.search.yahoo.com/newsearch/category.php?category=shopping ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
Re: Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
Alberto Vieira Ferreira Monteiro wrote: Deborah Harrell wrote: snip The possible link between crime and lead levels is intriguing; articles on lead's harmful effects particularly WRT children have been posted previously... I am curious about this (lead tetraethyl) - crime link. Brazil was one of the first countries to ban lead (because of ethanol, whose octane rating is high), and we don't have nice numbers on crime. It was a paragraph from the posted article I was commenting on - I didn't actually do any digging myself. http://www.damninteresting.com/?p=932 ...The specific harms done by environmental lead are difficult to quantify. It is known that children are much more apt to absorb the neurotoxic metal than adults, and it is suspected to have stricken many children with behavior problems, learning difficulties, hyperactivity, and breathing complications. Even more troubling, a number of recent studies have shown a strong correlation between atmospheric lead levels and crime rates. A study published in the peer-reviewed journal Environmental Research, which used data spanning more than fifty years, reported a very strong association between the exposure of young children to lead, and crime rates twenty years later when they became young adults. This correlation holds true for a wide variety of locales, social conditions, and models of government. The sharp decline in US crime rates which began in the early 1990s dovetails perfectly with the reduction of leaded gasoline in the early 1970s; and other countries which followed suit saw similar declines, also delayed by twenty years. It seems that the lawmakers who claim credit for crime-reducing legislation during that time are probably misplacing their congratulations. In another study, Pittsburgh University researchers found that juvenile delinquents had lead levels four times higher on average than law-abiding adolescents... There have been several studies that show decreased IQ with even very low levels of lead in children; IIRC it was in the 2-4ug/dl range, with the grosser effects of lead poisoning manifesting at greater than ~40ug/dl. This is the Medline for laypersons page: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002473.htm ...Over time, even low levels of lead exposure can harm a child's mental development. The possible health problems get worse as the level of lead in the blood gets higher. Possible complications include: Reduced IQ Slowed body growth Hearing problems Behavior or attention problems Failure at school Kidney damage A more detailed article from the Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/lead-poisoning/FL00068 ...Lead levels in the blood are measured in micrograms per deciliter (mcg/dL). An unsafe level is 10 mcg/dL or higher a guideline set by the CDC. This was set in 1991; the articles I cited some years ago about subtle effects at very low levels were from the late nineties to early 21st, IIRC. http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1993/5/93.05.06.x.html#r [Has the 1991 CDC guidelines in addition to even more detail on lead poisoning and prevention.] I'm short on time today, but if you like I will see what PubMed has on crime/lead exposure, if anything. Debbi Colonel Mustard In The Library With The Lead Pipe Maru Never miss a thing. Make Yahoo your home page. http://www.yahoo.com/r/hs ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
Re: Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
Deborah Harrell [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: snip I'm short on time today, but if you like I will see what PubMed has on crime/lead exposure, if anything. Well, not as short as I thought. This is the abstract of the 2002 study about bone lead levels and adjudicated delinquency: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12460653 ...This is a case-control study of 194 youths aged 12-18, arrested and adjudicated as delinquent by the Juvenile Court of Allegheny County, PA and 146 nondelinquent controls from high schools in the city of Pittsburgh. Bone lead was measured by K-line X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy of tibia...Covariates entered into the model were race, parent education and occupation, presence of two parental figures in the home, number of children in the home and neighborhood crime rate. Separate regression analyses were also conducted after stratification on race. RESULTS: Cases had significantly higher mean concentrations of lead in their bones than controls (11.0+/-32.7 vs. 1.5+/-32.1 ppm). This was true for both Whites and African Americans... A 2001 study on lead levels in blood and 'antisocial' behaviors: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11792521?ordinalpos=1itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlusDrugs1 ... A prospective longitudinal birth cohort of 195 urban, inner-city adolescents recruited between 1979 and 1985 was examined. Relationships between prenatal and postnatal exposure to Pb (serial blood Pb determinations) and antisocial and delinquent behaviors (self- and parental reports) were examined. Prenatal exposure to Pb was significantly associated with a covariate-adjusted increase in the frequency of parent-reported delinquent and antisocial behaviors, while prenatal and postnatal exposure to Pb was significantly associated with a covariate-adjusted increase in frequency of self-reported delinquent and antisocial behaviors, including marijuana use. Use of marijuana itself by Cincinnati Lead Study (CLS) teens was strongly associated with all measures of delinquent and antisocial behavior. This prospective longitudinal study confirmed earlier clinical observations and recent retrospective studies that have linked Pb exposure with antisocial behavior in children and adolescents... Both of these were small (N 200), but I'd say justify larger studies to elaborate. Here's one of the 'Freakonomics' guy's take on the subject: http://freakonomics.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/10/30/did-banning-lead-lower-crime/ [Boils down to 'possibly maybe.'] This summary of two articles has some graphs and numbers supporting the hypothesis: http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2007-10-28-lead-crime_N.htm ...a pair of studies by economist Rick Nevin that suggest the nation's violent-crime rate in the second half of the 20th century is closely tied to the widespread consumption of leaded gasoline... This is more detailed about Nevin's studies: http://economistsview.typepad.com/economistsview/2007/07/get-the-lead-ou.html Commentary by Peter Schaeffer, the eighth and ninth down, offers counterarguments that seem pretty sound to me, except for that about 'presumably lower lead levels in rural areas'; while rural kids no doubt had less car exhaust exposure, they very likely had increased gasoline/diesel fume exposure from refilling tractors and other farm equipment. I have no idea if diesel had lead in it, but I can state absolutely that you get fuel on you, your clothes, and inhale fumes while filling farm equipment from portable fuel containers. (Very nasty indeed, even being as careful as I can - watching me refuel would make any farm kid laugh at the sissy.) Also, farm kids did/do more chorework like painting and pesticide/herbicide application than their city-living counterparts. Debbi Use Of Borax Soap Maru :P Be a better friend, newshound, and know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
Re: Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
growling Today seems to be my day for computer gremlins. Several of the URLs in my prior post have extraneous ... or even ...words. If you delete those and tap Enter, the proper article does arrive... Debbi Exasperation Excess Maru Be a better friend, newshound, and know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
Curtis Burisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ...But tonight I was reading a very interesting article on the use of lead additives to petrol in the USA, and I thought there were some very interesting parallels with the whole DDT issue. Damn interesting site, too, with great articles. http://www.damninteresting.com/?p=932 Even worse than the tobacco industry, no? ...Following the death of one worker and irreversible derangement among others at an Ethyl factory in October 1924, the chief chemist there told reporters, These men probably went insane because they worked too hard. Within days, four additional workers from the plant died, and thirty-six others were crippled with incurable neurological damage. The plant, it seemed, had employed many hard workers... ...As demand for Ethyl additive increased across the country, the US Surgeon General launched a series of public inquiries regarding the health risks of leaded fuel. In response, Ethyl voluntarily withdrew its product from the market for the duration of the investigations. The details of over a dozen Ethyl-related deaths and hundreds of manufacturing injuries were revealed, but per usual these events were blamed on worker's carelessness and horseplay... ...Upon learning that automotive fuel was the source of the contamination, Dr. Patterson began to publish materials discussing the toxic metal's ubiquity and its probable ill effects. In order to demonstrate the increase of lead in the environment, Patterson proposed taking core samples from pack ice in Greenland, and testing the lead content of each layer a novel concept which had not been previously attempted. The experiment worked, and the results showed that airborne lead had been negligible before 1923, and that it had climbed precipitously ever since. In 1965, when the tests were conducted, lead levels were roughly 1,000 times higher than they had been in the pre-Ethyl era. He also compared modern bone samples to that of older human remains, and found that modern humans' lead levels were hundreds of times higher... ...The Ethyl corporation allegedly offered him lucrative employment in exchange for more favorable research results, but Dr. Patterson declined. For a time thereafter, Patterson found himself ostracized from government and corporate sponsored research projects, including the a National Research Council panel on atmospheric lead contamination. The Ethyl corporation had powerful friends, including a Supreme Court justice, members of the US Public Health Service, and the mighty American Petroleum Institute... Hmm, no parallels to global warming and certain researchers either... The possible link between crime and lead levels is intriguing; articles on lead's harmful effects particularly WRT children have been posted previously, so I won't add any. O quit cheering! Debbi TEL *And* CFCs -- Quite The Resume Maru! Be a better friend, newshound, and know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
Re: Lead (was: Resending: Malaria in the world)
Deborah Harrell wrote: Hmm, no parallels to global warming and certain researchers either... The possible link between crime and lead levels is intriguing; articles on lead's harmful effects particularly WRT children have been posted previously, so I won't add any. O quit cheering! I am curious about this (lead tetraethyl) - crime link. Brazil was one of the first countries to ban lead (because of ethanol, whose octane rating is high), and we don't have nice numbers on crime. Alberto Monteiro ___ http://www.mccmedia.com/mailman/listinfo/brin-l
