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On 2020-01-11 18:23, Alex wrote:
> Hi guys,
>
> I noticed that when I explicitly specify a file and a hardlink to that
> file as du's command line arguments it ignores both of them. Here
> "kernel", "initramfs" and "System.map" are hardlinks to
> kernel-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo,
> initramfs-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo and System.map-5.4.10-gentoo-x86_64.
>
>
> 19:56:45 [0] ~ >ls -la /boot/
> total 72281
> drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 1024 Jan 11 19:49 .
> drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Dec 7 21:00 ..
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jan 8 23:58 .e.mount
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jan 8 23:58 .keep
> -rw-r--r-- 2 root root 3456397 Jan 9 21:48 System.map
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3474911 Dec 6 20:22 System.map-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3473259 Jan 11 19:49
> System.map-5.4.10-gentoo-x86_64
> -rw-r--r-- 2 root root 3456397 Jan 9 21:48
> System.map-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo
> drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Apr 29 2019 efi
> drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 1024 Jan 9 22:50 grub
> -rw-r--r-- 2 root root 8196820 Jan 9 22:15 initramfs
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16531780 Oct 9 21:35
> initramfs-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64.img
> -rw-r--r-- 2 root root 8196820 Jan 9 22:15
> initramfs-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo
> -rw-r--r-- 2 root root 6804640 Jan 9 21:48 kernel
> -rw-r--r-- 2 root root 6804640 Jan 9 21:48
> kernel-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo
> drwx-- 2 root root 12288 Apr 29 2019 lost+found
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6759584 Dec 6 20:22 vmlinuz-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6829216 Jan 11 19:49 vmlinuz-5.4.10-gentoo-x86_64
>
>
> As you can see they are missing from du output:
>
> 19:56:48 [0] ~ >sudo du -hs /boot/System.map
> /boot/System.map-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
> /boot/System.map-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo /boot/efi /boot/grub
> /boot/initramfs /boot/initramfs-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64.img
> /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo /boot/kernel
> /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo /boot/lost+found
> /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
>
> 3.3M /boot/System.map
> 3.4M /boot/System.map-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
> 1.0K /boot/efi
> 9.7M /boot/grub
> 7.9M /boot/initramfs
> 16M /boot/initramfs-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64.img
> 6.5M /boot/kernel
> 12K /boot/lost+found
> 6.5M /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
>
>
> When I remove the hard link from the arguments the corresponding file
> appears in the output:
>
> 19:56:51 [0] ~ >sudo du -hs /boot/System.map
> /boot/System.map-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
> /boot/System.map-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo /boot/efi /boot/grub
> /boot/initramfs /boot/initramfs-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64.img
> /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo
> /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo /boot/lost+found
> /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
>
> 3.3M /boot/System.map
> 3.4M /boot/System.map-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
> 1.0K /boot/efi
> 9.7M /boot/grub
> 7.9M /boot/initramfs
> 16M /boot/initramfs-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64.img
> 6.5M /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86_64-5.4.2-gentoo
> 12K /boot/lost+found
> 6.5M /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.5-gentoo-x86_64
> 19:57:28 [0] ~ >
>
>
> Cheers,
> Alex.
du(1) should count the actual disc usage, and hard links do not
add more to that, so that was actually a bug fix back in coreutils-8.6:
https://git.sv.gnu.org/cgit/coreutils.git/commit/?id=efe53cc72b59
Discussion starts here:
https://bugs.gnu.org/6557
https://lists.gnu.org/r/bug-coreutils/2010-07/msg00015.html
This is intended behavior, and also documented in the Texinfo manual:
https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/du
If two or more hard links point to the same file, only one of the
hard links is counted. The file argument order affects which links
are counted, and changing the argument order may change the numbers
and entries that du outputs.
I suggest to use the following option to make du(1) also count hard
links if needed:
‘-l’
‘--count-links’
Count the size of all files, even if they have appeared already (as a hard
link).
As such, I'm hereby marking this as "not-a-bug", and close the issue in
out bug tracker. However, the discussion about this can continue here,
of course.
Have a nice day,
Berny
