Re: Date range with a date in the past

2010-06-14 Thread Michael Grant
> > > If this is MS SQL server you have the BETWEEN function. > -1 BETWEEN... *barf* ~| Order the Adobe Coldfusion Anthology now! http://www.amazon.com/Adobe-Coldfusion-Anthology-Michael-Dinowitz/dp/1430272155/?tag=houseoffusio

Re: Date range with a date in the past

2010-06-13 Thread Wil Genovese
If this is MS SQL server you have the BETWEEN function. WHERE #now()# BETWEEN EventStartDate AND EventFinishDate Wil Genovese Sr. Web Application Developer/ Systems Administrator Wil Genovese Consulting wilg...@trunkful.com www.trunkful.com On Jun 13, 2010, at 9:07 PM, Jim Eisenhauer wrote:

Re: Date range with a date in the past

2010-06-13 Thread Jim Eisenhauer
WHERE EventStartDate>= #now()# AND EventFinishDate<= #now()# You had your end date looking for a date ">=" Now() Jim Eisenhauer On Sun, Jun 13, 2010 at 6:41 PM, Roger Austin wrote: > > On 6/13/2010 9:30 PM, Kevin Parker wrote: > > > > Greatly appreciate another set of eyes looking at this pl

RE: Date range with a date in the past

2010-06-13 Thread Kevin Parker
Penny dropped - thank you! I was over complicating it. ++ Kevin Parker m: 0418 815 527 ++ http://au.linkedin.com/in/krparker -Original Message- From: Roger Austin [mailto:raust...@nc.rr.com] Sent: Monday, 14 June 2010 11:42 To: cf-talk Subject: Re: Date range

Re: Date range with a date in the past

2010-06-13 Thread Roger Austin
On 6/13/2010 9:30 PM, Kevin Parker wrote: > > Greatly appreciate another set of eyes looking at this please. > > Picking events from a table based on dates so that only current or future > events show up. Date values can not be NULL. > > (EventStartDate>= #now()#) AND (EventFinishDate>= #now()#) >

Re: Date Range Without Year

2008-12-03 Thread Tom Chiverton
On Tuesday 02 Dec 2008, Jim McAtee wrote: > I have a table where I want to store begin and end dates _without_ a year. > For example, 'Dec 4' through 'Jun 15'. How can I best represent this in > the database? Use day of year i.e 1-366 -- Tom Chiverton Helping to continuously maximize models

RE: Date Range Without Year

2008-12-02 Thread brad
If it was me, I would pick an arbitrary, but consistent year to use with the date, but just don't display the year when you format the dates for your view. In your select example #today# would need to have the month and day pulled out and concatenated with your dummy year. That might sound like e

Re: Date Range Without Year

2008-12-02 Thread Barney Boisvert
> '1202' >= begindate OR '1202' <= enddate ); > > > > - Original Message - > From: "Barney Boisvert" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: "cf-talk" > Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2008 12:31 PM > Subject: Re: D

Re: Date Range Without Year

2008-12-02 Thread Jim McAtee
202' >= begindate OR '1202' <= enddate ); - Original Message - From: "Barney Boisvert" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: "cf-talk" Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2008 12:31 PM Subject: Re: Date Range Without Year > Select all events between February 12

Re: Date Range Without Year

2008-12-02 Thread Barney Boisvert
truct SELECT queries using >=, <=, or BETWEEN. Using expressions with > MySQL functions in the SELECT would be ok, if it can be done. > > > - Original Message - > From: "Barney Boisvert" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: "cf-talk" > Sent: Tues

Re: Date Range Without Year

2008-12-02 Thread Jim McAtee
PROTECTED]> To: "cf-talk" Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2008 11:52 AM Subject: Re: Date Range Without Year > You could just use numbers to represent the dates. Year runs from 101 > to 1231 (thats MDD), and easily create from a date like this: > #month(now()) * 100 + day(now

Re: Date Range Without Year

2008-12-02 Thread Barney Boisvert
You could just use numbers to represent the dates. Year runs from 101 to 1231 (thats MDD), and easily create from a date like this: #month(now()) * 100 + day(now())#. Strings would also work instead of numbers: "0101" to "1231", and created via #dateFormat(now(), "mmdd")#. cheers, barneyb On Tu

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates - My Solution

2008-03-26 Thread Claude Schneegans
>>So, if they only enter 2007 and nothing else, 01/01/2007 is getting recorded Well, this will be fine when looking for events <= 06/30/2007 for instance, since 0/0/2007 stands for "any date in 2007". but what if looking for events >= 06/302007? 01/01/2007 won't come out and it should, since it c

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-25 Thread denstar
On Mon, Mar 24, 2008 at 7:29 PM, Les Mizzell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > denstar wrote: > > Are they against letting you add a real date field? > > Seeing there's already several hundred records in the database, some > with dates, some with NONE - which is exactly what they want - adding a > r

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates - IDEA!!!

2008-03-25 Thread denstar
On Mon, Mar 24, 2008 at 7:26 PM, Les Mizzell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: ... > What's the easiest way to search for values in a list starting at > position X and ending at position Y? Off the top of my head, I'd do a listSort, and then iterate. Dunno if the list position idea would work for the

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates - My Solution

2008-03-25 Thread Les Mizzell
Just to recap - client had a database that was storing the dates of transactions - but - they wanted to be able to only enter a year, or just a year and month without an actual date. So, three columns were set up day|month|year and the values were being stored as integers ... I ended up adding

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-25 Thread Sonny Savage
Lez, this has been asked, but not answered. What do the zeros mean? Do they indicate a date range? Does 2007.0.0 mean the entire year of 2007? Does 2007.10.0 mean the entire month of October in 2007? Does 0.0.0 mean always? If so, I'd create two date columns, begin_dt and end_dt. I'd then wri

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-25 Thread Claude Schneegans
Ok, how about this, a bit ugly, but should work on any database: WHERE (YEAR > #form.from_y# OR (YEAR = #form.from_y# AND (MONTH = 0 OR (MONTH >= #form.from_m# AND (DAY = 0 OR DAY >= #form.from_d#) AND (YEAR < #form.to_y#

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-25 Thread Jochem van Dieten
Les Mizzell wrote: > I've got a database in which dates are stored as integers in three > separate columns as: day|month|year > > This was done because the client wished to create records that could > contain only a year, or just a year and month, or year, month, and day, > or no date at all. V

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread Rodney Chang
This is ugly and uses T-SQL syntax but you get the idea. SELECT id FROM ( SELECT id, CAST( CAST(year AS varchar) + '-' + CAST(CASE month WHEN 0 THEN 1 ELSE month END AS varchar) + '-' + CAST(CASE day WHEN 0 THEN 1 ELSE day END AS varchar) AS datetime) as realdate FROM aaa ) tmpT WHERE realdate BET

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread Claude Schneegans
>>Try searching for dates between 10/15/2006 and 04/14/2007 >>See the problem? Yeah, my answer was a bit too easy ;-) -- ___ REUSE CODE! Use custom tags; See http://www.contentbox.com/claude/customtags/tagstore.cfm (Please send any spam to this address: [EMAI

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread C S
>The problem with that is the same problem as the previous example I >posted though. > >Try searching for dates between 10/15/2006 and 04/14/2007 Given those search dates, how do you want to handle records with a year only (2006 or 2007). Same question for the month. ~~

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread Les Mizzell
denstar wrote: > Are they against letting you add a real date field? Seeing there's already several hundred records in the database, some with dates, some with NONE - which is exactly what they want - adding a real date field would be tough. It was a hard argument to start with, and I let them

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates - IDEA!!!

2008-03-24 Thread Les Mizzell
Ahhh- here's an idea! OK, in theory... Let's just look at just the month for starters... form.startMONTH form.endMONTH Each has a value of 1 - 12 but, let's use that as LIST START AND END POSITIONS Set a list containing 2 years worth of months: form.startMONTH would equal the starting positi

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread denstar
Are they against letting you add a real date field? I've been there, in spades, and there's always a way through. Sometimes it's a lot easier, and not as much fun, as banging your head against the same angle of attack for hours tho. :-) Perhaps add a date field, and then make some magic that tu

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread Les Mizzell
Claude Schneegans wrote: > How about: > and YEAR >= #form.from_y# and YEAR <= #form.to_y# > and ((MONTH >= #form.from_m# and MONTH <= #form.to_m#) OR MONTH=0) > and ((DAY >= #form.from_d# and DAY <= #form.to_d#) OR DAY=0) The problem with that is the same problem as the previous exa

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread Josh Nathanson
> I'd been trying to come up with a way to do this, but the columns with a > "0" in them are throwing me off, since "0" isn't a valid date value. You could use CASE or IF to fill in dummy values for those zeroes, but then, if you substituted 1 (January) for the month for example, it wouldn't be

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread Claude Schneegans
How about: and YEAR >= #form.from_y# and YEAR <= #form.to_y# and ((MONTH >= #form.from_m# and MONTH <= #form.to_m#) OR MONTH=0) and ((DAY >= #form.from_d# and DAY <= #form.to_d#) OR DAY=0) -- ___ REUSE CODE! Use custom tags; See http://www.conten

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread Les Mizzell
> I'd been trying to come up with a way to do this, but the columns with a > "0" in them are throwing me off, since "0" isn't a valid date value. and I might add - it was put a "0" in there, or allow a null, which would have been worse...

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread Les Mizzell
> The idea being to parse the separate date columns into usable dates in the > subquery, and then join that to the superquery as needed. I'd been trying to come up with a way to do this, but the columns with a "0" in them are throwing me off, since "0" isn't a valid date value.

Re: Date Range Search Problem - when it's integers stored and not dates

2008-03-24 Thread Josh Nathanson
You might be able to join the table to itself in a query, and on that join concat your date integers into actual date values. Something like... SELECT whatever FROM thetable t INNER JOIN ( SELECT id, CONCAT(yearcol,'/',monthcol,'/',daycol) AS gooddate FROM thetable )

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-03 Thread Candace Cottrell
to:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, December 03, 2003 10:08 AM To: CF-Talk Subject: Re: Date Range Query Issues DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT) wrote: >   > BEGIN >   > declare @yourTable table( >  EntryNo int, >  startDateField datetime, >  endDateField datetime > ) >   >

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-03 Thread DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT)
Dayquil and admit defeat. Steve -Original Message- From: Jochem van Dieten [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, December 03, 2003 10:08 AM To: CF-Talk Subject: Re: Date Range Query Issues DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT) wrote: >   > BEGIN >   > declare @yourTabl

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-03 Thread Jochem van Dieten
DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT) wrote: >   > BEGIN >   > declare @yourTable table( >  EntryNo int, >  startDateField datetime, >  endDateField datetime > ) >   > insert into @yourTable(entryNo, startDateField, endDateField) values(1, '11-25-2003', '12-15-2003') > insert into @yourTable(entryNo, startDateFi

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-03 Thread DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT)
d up!)  I tried solving both problems at the same time instead of trying to find the best solution for each. So, I stand humbled at your streamlining expertise. Steve -Original Message- From: Jochem van Dieten [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2003 4:22 PM To: CF-Talk Subj

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-03 Thread Jochem van Dieten
Jochem van Dieten wrote: > DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT) wrote: > >>The problem with your change is that it won't pick up partial overlays. > > Just run it. We actually need to test it twice, proving that the > negator is the same as the operator is too much work for now: On second thought, the proof

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Jochem van Dieten
Tony Weeg wrote: > sure...where? http://register.microsoft.com/mswish/suggestion.asp?from=cu&fu=%2Fisapi%2Fgomscom%2Easp%3Ftarget%3D%2Fmswish%2Fthanks%2Ehtm > www.microsoft.com/likeTheyCare.cfm You mean you buy software from a company that doesn't care about its customers? Jochem -- Who nee

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Tony Weeg
Subject: Re: Date Range Query Issues Tony Weeg wrote: > not going to work in sql server 2000, not from what I can see in the > docs File an enhancement request :-) Jochem -- Who needs virtual reality if you can just dream?  - Loesje [Todays Threads] [This Message] [Subscr

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Jochem van Dieten
Tony Weeg wrote: > not going to work in sql server 2000, not from what I can see in the > docs File an enhancement request :-) Jochem -- Who needs virtual reality if you can just dream?  - Loesje [Todays Threads] [This Message] [Subscription] [Fast Unsubscribe] [User Settings]

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Jochem van Dieten
DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT) wrote: >   > The problem with your change is that it won't pick up partial overlays. Just run it. We actually need to test it twice, proving that the negator is the same as the operator is too much work for now: BEGIN; CREATE TABLE yourTable ( startDateField DATE, endD

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT)
Jochem, OVERLAPS isn't a valid MSSql2K TSQL command.  I looked it up in the MSSQL Books online. Steve -Original Message- From: Jochem van Dieten [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2003 3:38 PM To: CF-Talk Subject: Re: Date Range Query Issues Mickael

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT)
-Original Message- From: Jochem van Dieten [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2003 3:31 PM To: CF-Talk Subject: Re: Date Range Query Issues DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT) wrote: >   > But you can use between >   > select count(idField) > from yourtable >

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Jochem van Dieten
Mickael wrote: > > Could you show me a statement where that is used, it sounds interesting just don't know  how it is used. Instead of SELECT  x FROM    yourtable WHERE   startDateField < '#formEndDate#'  AND endDateField > #formStartDate#' one would use: SELECT  x FROM    type = 'checktype'

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Jochem van Dieten
DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT) wrote: >   > But you can use between >   > select count(idField) > from yourtable > where type = 'checktype' > and (startDateField between 'startdate' and 'enddate' > OR endDateField between 'startdate and 'enddate') That won't work, it won't detect the following overla

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Candace Cottrell
Tony Weeg [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2003 12:05 PM To: CF-Talk Subject: RE: Date Range Query Issues not going to work in sql server 2000, not from what I can see in the docs ..tony tony weeg senior web applications architect navtrak, inc. www.navtrak.net [EMAIL P

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Mickael
Hi Jochem, Could you show me a statement where that is used, it sounds interesting just don't know  how it is used. Thanks Mike   - Original Message -   From: Jochem van Dieten   To: CF-Talk   Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2003 10:12 AM   Subject: Re: Date Range Query Issues   Ca

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT)
27;) Of course change all of the 'variables' to either cfqueryparams in cf or @variables in TSQL. Steve -Original Message- From: Tony Weeg [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2003 12:05 PM To: CF-Talk Subject: RE: Date Range Query Issues not going to

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Tony Weeg
, 2003 10:22 AM To: CF-Talk Subject: Re: Date Range Query Issues Oh wow... I didnt know about that... I'm using MSSQL 2000... I'll try it out when I get back from my meeting. :) Candace K. Cottrell, Web Developer The Children's Medical Center One Children's Plaza Dayton, O

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Candace Cottrell
Oh wow... I didnt know about that... I'm using MSSQL 2000... I'll try it out when I get back from my meeting. :) Candace K. Cottrell, Web Developer The Children's Medical Center One Children's Plaza Dayton, OH 45404 937-641-4293 http://www.childrensdayton.org [EMAIL PROTECTED] >>> [EMAIL

RE: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread DURETTE, STEVEN J (AIT)
ottrell [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2003 10:03 AM To: CF-Talk Subject: Re: Date Range Query Issues Hey Jochem :) 1 - Do you mean natively or the way I have the db set up? If it's the latter, I don't have any constraints for overlaps in the db design. Each &qu

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Jochem van Dieten
Candace Cottrell said: > > 1 - Do you mean natively or the way I have the db set up? Natively, OVERLAPS is a SQL predicate: ('2003-12-01', '2003-12-31') OVERLAPS ('2003-12-16', '2004-01-15') Jochem [Todays Threads] [This Message] [Subscription] [Fast Unsubscribe] [User Settings]

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Candace Cottrell
Hey Jochem :) 1 - Do you mean natively or the way I have the db set up? If it's the latter, I don't have any constraints for overlaps in the db design. Each "shift" or date range is its own record. The id is an identity field. Candace K. Cottrell, Web Developer The Children's Medical Center One

Re: Date Range Query Issues

2003-12-02 Thread Jochem van Dieten
Candace Cottrell said: > > Start_Month 12 > Start_Day 1 > Start_Year 2003 > Start_Time 8 > > End_Month 12 > End_Day 15 > End_Year 2003 > End_Time 8 > I know I need to pull a query that brings back the records that > would be overlapped. And if that recordset is empty, proceed with > the insert. Ot

RE: Date Range

2002-04-08 Thread Carlisle, Eric
1.] Try this... #dateFormat(tempDate,' ')# 2 & 3 .] Notice that start date is set with cfparam. Using this way, you can populate the variable beforehand anyway you want (database, user, session vars,

RE: Date Range Query by Month/Year

2002-02-20 Thread Kevan . Windle
yep you can use CVDate() or Cdate depending on the access version to turn a string into a date. e.g where CVDate( Month & '01/' & '/' & Year) between #Oct/01/2001# and #Feb/01/2002# -Original Message- From: Jim McAtee [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: 19 February 2002 21:34 To: CF-Talk

Re: date range search - thanks!

2001-04-04 Thread Phoeun Pha
i guess i'm one of the "others" heh - Original Message - From: Robert Orlini <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: CF-Talk <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Sent: Wednesday, April 04, 2001 12:07 PM Subject: date range search - thanks! > Thanks to all (Lamon, Steve, Jason, Jay, Phillip, Paul, and others) who > h

RE: date range search

2001-04-04 Thread Lamon, Alec
Access and it returned records within the specified ranges. Alec > -Original Message- > From: Robert Orlini [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] > Sent: Wednesday, April 04, 2001 11:55 AM > To: CF-Talk > Subject: RE: date range search > > > Thanks for the suggesti

RE: date range search

2001-04-04 Thread Steve Martin
Thanks. > > Robert O. > > >-Original Message- > >From: Lamon, Alec [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] > >Sent: Tuesday, April 03, 2001 3:04 PM > >To: CF-Talk > >Subject: RE: date range search > > > > > >I think you want to use the CreateODB

RE: date range search

2001-04-04 Thread Philip Arnold - ASP
> Thanks for the suggestion. It didn't work though. I have a form with a > dropdown menu. Can dates in an Access table between: 01/01/00 and 01/01/01 > be searched ? > - > Using my code: > > > > > > > SELECT * FROM wwebsales > where orderdate between #start

RE: date range search

2001-04-04 Thread Jason Lees (National Express)
om: Robert Orlini [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Wednesday, April 04, 2001 4:55 PM To: CF-Talk Subject: RE: date range search Thanks for the suggestion. It didn't work though. I have a form with a dropdown menu. Can dates in an Access table between: 01/01/00 and 01/01/01 be searched ? ---

Re: date range search

2001-04-04 Thread Jay Patton
p. 406.549.3337 ext. 203 p. 1.888.5WEBPRO ext. 203 e. [EMAIL PROTECTED] url. www.webpro-usa.com - Original Message - From: "Robert Orlini" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: "CF-Talk" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Sent: Wednesday, April 04, 2001 9:54 AM Subject: RE: date range sea

RE: date range search

2001-04-04 Thread Robert Orlini
ce = "wwebsales" -- Thanks. Robert O. >-Original Message- >From: Lamon, Alec [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] >Sent: Tuesday, April 03, 2001 3:04 PM >To: CF-Talk >Subject: RE: date range search > > >I think you want to use the CreateODBCDate() function to cr

RE: date range search

2001-04-03 Thread Tumy, Brad
doh...that's what I meant...quote not parenthesis -Original Message- From: Kevin Schmidt [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Tuesday, April 03, 2001 5:15 PM To: CF-Talk Subject: Re: date range search Lose the single quotes around your date variables in your SQL. - Original Me

Re: date range search

2001-04-03 Thread Kevin Schmidt
Lose the single quotes around your date variables in your SQL. - Original Message - From: "Tumy, Brad" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: "CF-Talk" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Sent: Tuesday, April 03, 2001 2:43 PM Subject: RE: date range search > shot in the dark...is i

RE: date range search

2001-04-03 Thread Lamon, Alec
I think you want to use the CreateODBCDate() function to create your start and end dates. Then refer to those in your query *without* 's. (the CreateODBCDate() function puts them in for you): SELECT * FROM wwebsales where orderdate between #startdate# and #enddate# > -Original Messa

RE: date range search

2001-04-03 Thread Phoeun Pha
take out the single quotes from the query. -Original Message- From: Robert Orlini [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Tuesday, April 03, 2001 3:30 PM To: CF-Talk Subject: date range search I'm working on a search form which can search between a range of dates. I'm using the code below and

RE: date range search

2001-04-03 Thread Tumy, Brad
shot in the dark...is it the single paranthesis around the date variable? Brad -Original Message- From: Robert Orlini [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Tuesday, April 03, 2001 4:30 PM To: CF-Talk Subject: date range search I'm working on a search form which can search between a range of