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Forwarded from the New Paradigms Project [Not Necessarily Endorsed]:
From: Meta <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: About Soy
Date: Thursday, December 16, 1999 3:52 AM

U may know of this information already.

>From http://www.mercola.com/newpage11.htm


                                                       Concerns Regarding
Soybeans

History of Soybeans: Soybeans come to us from the Orient. During the Chou
Dynasty (1134-246 BC) the
soybean was designated one of the five sacred grains, along with barley, wheat,
millet and rice. However, the
pictograph for the soybean, which dates from earlier times, indicates that it
was not first used as a food; for
whereas the pictographs for the other four grains show the seed and stem
structure of the plant, the pictograph for
the soybean emphasizes the root structure. Agricultural literature of the
period speaks frequently of the soybean
and its use in crop rotation. Apparently the soy plant was initially used as a
method of fixing nitrogen. The soybean
did not serve as a food until the discovery of fermentation techniques,
sometime during the Chou Dynasty. Thus
the first soy foods were fermented products like tempeh, natto, miso and shogu
(soy or tamari sauce).

At a later date, possibly in the 2nd century B.C., Chinese scientists
discovered that a puree of cooked soybeans
could be precipitated with calcium sulfate or magnesium sulfate (plaster of
Paris or Epsom salts) to make a
smooth pale curd -tofu or bean curd. The use of fermented and precipitated soy
products soon spread to other
parts of the Orient, notably Japan and Indonesia. Although the highly flavored
fermented products have elicited
greater interest among scientists and epicures, it is the bland precipitated
products that are most frequently used,
accounting for approximately 90% of the processed soybeans consumed in Asia
today. The increased reliance on
bean curd as a source of protein, which occurred between 700 A. D. and the
present time, has not necessarily
been a beneficial change for the populations of the Orient and Southeast Asia.

Fit for Human Consumption? The Chinese, did not eat the soybean as they did
other pulses (legumes) such as the
lentil, because the soybean contains large quantities of a number of harmful a
substances. First among them are
potent enzyme inhibitors which block the action of trypsin and other enzymes
needed for protein digestion.

These"antinutrients" are not completely deactivated during ordinary cooking and
can produce serious gastric
distress, reduced protein digestion and chronic deficiencies in amino acid
uptake. In test animals, diets high in
trypsin inhibitors cause enlargement and pathological conditions of the
pancreas, including cancer. The soybean
also contains hemagglutinin, a clot promoting substance that causes red blood
cells to clump together. Trypsin
inhibitors and hemagglutinin have been rightly labeled growth depressant
substances. Fortunately they are
deactivated during the process of fermentation. However, in precipitated
products, enzyme inhibitors concentrate
in the soaking liquid rather than in the curd. Thus in tofu and bean curd,
these enzyme inhibitors are reduced in
quantity, but not completely eliminated.

Soybeans are also high in phytic acid or phytates. This is an organic acid,
present in the bran or hulls of all seeds,
which blocks the uptake of essential minerals-calcium, magnesium, iron and
especially zinc-in the intestinal tract.
Although not a household word, phytates have been extensively studied.
Scientists are in general agreement that
grain and legume based diets high in phytates contribute to widespread mineral
deficiencies in third world
countries.

Analysis shows that calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc are present in the plant
foods eaten in these areas, but the
high phytate content of soy and rice based diets prevents their absorption. The
soybean has a higher phytate
content than any other grain or legume that has been studied. Furthermore, it
seems to be highly resistant to many
phytate reducing techniques such as long, slow cooking. Only a long period of
fermentation will significantly
reduce the phytate content of soybeans. Thus fermented products such as tempeh
and miso provide nourishment
that is easily assimilated, but the nutritional value of tofu and bean curd,
both high in phytates, is questionable.

When precipitated soy products are consumed with meat, the mineral blocking
effects of the phytates are
reduced. The Japanese traditionally eat tofu as part of a mineral-rich fish
broth. Vegetarians who consume tofu
and bean curd as a substitute for meat and dairy products risk severe mineral
deficiencies. The results of calcium,
magnesium and iron deficiency are well known, those of zinc are less so. Zinc
is called the intelligence mineral
because it is needed for optimal development and functioning of the brain and
nervous system. It plays a role in
protein synthesis and collagen formation, it Is involved in thc blood sugar
control mechanism and thus protects
against diabetes; it is needed for a healthy reproductive system.

Zinc is a key component in numerous vital enzymes and plays a role in the
immune system. Phytates found in soy
products interfere with zinc absorption more completely than with other
minerals. Literature extolling soy products
tends to minimize the role of zinc in human physiology, and to gloss over the
deleterious effect of diets high in
phytic acid.

Milk drinking is given as the reason second generation Japanese in America grow
taller than their native ancestors.
Some investigators postulate that the reduced phytate content of the American
diet-whatever maybe its other
deficiencies-is the true explanation, pointing out that Asian and Oriental
children who do not get enough meat and
fish products to counteract the effects of a high phytate diet, frequently
suffer rickets, stunting and other growth
problems.

Marketing the Soybean: The truth is, however, that most Americans are unlikely
to adopt traditional soy products
as their principle food. Tofu, bean curd and tempeh have disagreeable texture
and are too bland for the Western
palate; pungent and tasty miso and natto lose out in taste; only soy sauce
enjoys widespread popularity as a
condiment. The soy industry has therefore looked for other ways to market the
superabundance of soybeans now
grown in the United States.

Large scale cultivation of the soybean in the United States began only after
the Second World War, and quickly
rose to 140 billion pounds per year. Most of the crop is made into animal feed,
soy oil for hydrogenated fats
margarine and shortening. During the past 20 years, the industry has
concentrated on finding markets for the
byproducts of soy oil manufacture, including soy "lecithin", made from the oil
sludge, and soy protein products,
made from defatted soy flakes, a challenge that has involved overcoming
consumer resistance to soy products,
generally considered tasteless "poverty foods.

The quickest way to gain product acceptability in the less affluent society,"
said a soy industry spokesman, " ... is
to have the product consumed on its own merit in a more affluent society.""
Hence the proliferation of soy
products resembling traditional American foods-soy milk for cows milk, soy baby
formula, soy yogurt, soy ice
cream, soy cheese, soy flour for baking and textured soy protein as meat
substitutes, usually promoted as high
protein, low-fat, no cholesterol "health foods" to the upscale consumer
increasingly concerned about his health.
The growth of vegetarianism among the more affluent classes has greatly
accelerated the acceptability and use of
these artificial products. Unfortunately they pose numerous dangers.

Processing Denatures and Dangers Remain The production of soy milk is
relatively simple. In order to remove as
much of the trypsin inhibitor content as possible, the beans are first soaked
in an alkaline solution. The pureed
solution is then heated to about 115 degrees Centigrade in a pressure cooker.
This method destroys most (but not
all) of the anti-nutrients but has the unhappy side effect of so denaturing the
proteins that they become very difficult
to digest and much reduced in effectiveness. The phytate content remains in soy
milk to block the uptake of
essential minerals. In addition, the alkaline soaking solution produces a
carcinogen, lysinealine, and reduces the
cystine content, which is already low in the soybean. Lacking cystine, the
entire protein complex of the soybean
becomes useless unless the diet is fortified with cystine-rich meat, eggs, or
dairy products.

Most soy products that imitate traditional American food items, including baby
formulas and some brands of soy
milk, are made with soy protein isolate, that is the soy protein isolated from
the carbohydrate and fatty acid
components that naturally occur in the bean. Soy beans are first ground and
subjected to high-temperature and
solvent extraction processes to remove the oils. The resultant defatted meal is
then mixed with an alkaline solution
and sugars in a separation process to remove fiber. Then it is precipitated and
separated using an acid wash.
Finally the resultant curds are neutralized in an alkaline solution and spray
dried at high temperatures to produce
high protein powder.

This is a highly refined product in which both vitamin and protein quality are
compromised-but some trypsin
inhibitors remain, even after such extreme refining. Trypsin inhibitor content
of soy protein isolate can vary as
much as 5-fold. In rats, even low level trypsin inhibitor soy protein isolate
feeding results in reduced weight gain
compared to controls. Soy product producers are not required to state trypsin
inhibitor content on labels, nor
even to meet minimum standards, and the public, trained to avoid dietary
cholesterol, a substance vital for normal
growth and metabolism, has never heard of the potent anti-nutrients found in
cholesterol-free soy products.

Soy Formula Is Not the Answer Soy protein isolate is the main ingredient of
soy-based infant formulas. Along
with trypsin inhibitors, these formulas have a high phytate content. Use of soy
formula has caused zinc deficiency
in infants. Aluminum content of soy formula is 10 times greater than milk based
formula, and 100 times greater
than unprocessed milk. Aluminum has a toxic effect on the kidneys of infants,
and has been implicated as cause in
Alzheimer's in adults.

Soy milk formulas are often given to babies with milk allergy; but allergies to
soy are almost as common as those
to milk. Soy formulas lack cholesterol which is absolutely essential for the
development of the brain and nervous
system; they also lack lactose and galactose, which play an equally important
role in the development of the
nervous system. I would strongly discourage the use of soy formulas.

Nitrosamines, which are potent carcinogens, are often found in soy protein
foods, and are greatly increased during
the high temperature drying process. Not surprisingly, animal feeding studies
show a lower weight gain for rats on
soy formula than those on whole milk, high-lactose formula; similar results
have been observed in children on
macrobiotic diets which include the use of soy milk and large amounts of whole
grains. Children brought up on
high-phytate diets tend to be thin and scrawny.

Fabricated Soy Foods A final indignity to the original soy bean is
high-temperature, high-pressure extrusion
processing of soy protein isolate to product textured vegetable protein (TVP).
Numerous artificial flavorings,
particularly MSG, are added to TVP products to mask their strong "beany" taste,
and impart the flavor of meat.
Soy protein isolate and textured vegetable protein are used extensively in
school lunch programs, commercial
baked goods, diet beverages and fast food products. They are heavily promoted
in third world countries and form
the basis of many food give-away programs. These soy products greatly inhibit
zinc and iron absorption; in test
animals they cause enlarged organs, particularly the pancreas and thyroid
gland, and increased deposition of fatty
acids in the liver.

Human feeding tests to determine the cholesterol lowering properties of soy
protein isolate have not shown them
to be effective. Nevertheless, they are often promoted as having beneficial
effects on cholesterol levels. Cancer
Preventing or Cancer Causing? The food industry also touts soy products for
their cancer preventing properties.
Isoflavone aglycones are anticarcinogenic substances found in traditionally
fermented soybean products.
However, in non-fermented soy products such as tofu and soy milk, these
isoflavones are present in an altered
form as beta-glycoside conjugates, which have no anti-carcinogenic effect. Some
researchers believe the rapid
increase in liver and pancreatic cancer in Africa is due to the introduction of
soy products there.

The fatty acid profile of the soybean includes large amounts of beneficial
omega-3 fatty acids compared to other
pulses legumes); but these omega-3 fatty acids are particularly susceptible to
rancidity when subjected to high
pressures and temperatures. This is exactly what is required to remove oil from
the bean, as soybean oil is
particularly difficult to extract. hexane or other solvents are always used to
extract oil from soybeans, and traces
remain in the commercial product.

While fermented soy products contain protein, vitamins, anti-carcinogenic
substances and important fatty acids,
they can under no circumstances be called nutritionally complete. Like all
pulses, the soybean lacks vital
sulfur-containing amino acids cystine and methionine. These are usually
supplied by rice and other grains in areas
where the soybean is traditionally consumed. Soy should never be considered as
a substitute for animal products
like meat or milk. Claims that fermented soy products like tempeh can be relied
on as a source of vitamin B12,
necessary for healthy blood and nervous system, have not been supported by
scientific research.,' Finally,
soybeans do not supply all-important fat soluble vitamins D and preformed A
(retinol) which act as catalysts for
the proper absorption and utilization of all minerals and water soluble
vitamins in the diet.

These "fat soluble activators" are found only in certain animal foods such as
organ meats, butter, eggs, fish and
shellfish. Carotenes from plant foods and exposure to sunlight are not
sufficient to supply the body's requirements
for vitamins A and D. Soy products often replace animal products in third world
countries where intake of B12
and fat soluble A and D are already low. Soy products actually increase
requirements for vitamins B12 and D.

Are soy products easy to digest, as claimed? Fermented soy products probably
are; but unfermented products
with their cargo of phytates, enzyme inhibitors, rancid fatty acids and altered
proteins most certainly are not. Pet
food manufacturers promote soy free dog and cat food as "highly digestible"

Only Fermented Soy Products Are Safe To summarize, traditional fermented soy
products such as miso, natto
and tempeh, which are usually made with organically grown soybeans, have a long
history of use that is generally
beneficial when combined with other elements of the Oriental diet including
rice, sea foods, fish broth, organ meats
and fermented vegetables. The value of precipitated soybean products is
problematical, especially when they form
the major source of protein in the diet. Modern soy products including soy
milks and artificial meat and dairy
products made from soy protein isolate and textured vegetable protein are new
to the diet and pose a number of
serious problems.

The above information was abstracted from an article written by Sally Fallon
and Mary Enig, Ph.D. (an
international expert renown in the field of lipid chemistry) for Health Freedom
News in September of 1995.

Protein Needs for Blood Type A People Blood type A people should be nearly
vegetarians. The above
information should make it clear that you should avoid most soy products unless
they are fermented (tempeh and
miso). You should not have soy protein or tofu. To obtain optimal protein
though you will need to eat about a
dozen organic eggs per week, unless you are allergic to them. Try not to eat
them on consecutive days. You
should also soak your seeds and nuts overnight to deactivate the ezymye
inhibitors and phytates. Generally you
will need around one cup of each for a protein at a meal. Spirulina is a type
of blue-green algae that is nearly
two-thirds protein. It also has large amounts of chlorophyll and is very
valuable to help detoxify the body. You will
need about twenty to thirty tables though to use that as a protein replacement
for a meal. I strongly recommend
this for at least 4-6 times per week for anyone who is sick



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