-Caveat Lector-

Wednesday, May 12, 1999 Published at 14:58 GMT 15:58 UK


GM pollen warning to organic farmers

Bees can carry pollen across the barrier zones set up around GM crops

By Environment Correspondent Alex Kirby

A UK Government-commissioned scientific report on genetically-modified (GM)
crops is thought to say that GM pollen can spread over very long distances.


The Ministry of Agriculture (Maff) confirms that it requested the report,
from the John Innes Centre in Norwich.

It says the report exists in draft form, but will not comment on it until
ministers have seen it. Officials from Maff and the Department of the
Environment (DETR) are to meet the Soil Association and other organic
farming representatives on 14 May.

The meeting, which was arranged some time ago, will discuss several items,
including the report.
It is believed to say that some contamination of organic crops by GM plants
is inevitable. It is understood to accept the findings of a report two
months ago from the National Pollen Research Unit.

That said that GM pollen could be carried a long way by insects and on the
wind. With maize pollen, "in normal weather conditions, pollination could
occur at sites remote from the source (e.g. 180 kilometres)".

Setting an acceptable level

The rules governing official GM crop trials insist on just a 200-metre
barrier between trial and conventional plants.

The report from the John Innes Centre is thought to say that 1% of organic
plants in any field could become GM hybrids through cross-pollination. It
argues that "acceptable" levels of contamination of organic crops must be
agreed.

Organic crops cannot be guaranteed

The director of the Soil Association, which sets standards for organic
farmers, is Patrick Holden. He said: "We are implacably opposed to any
suggestion of a minimum level of contamination.

"When consumers say they want non-GM food, they don't mean food
contaminated up to a threshold of 1%, 2% or 5%. They mean GM-free."

Some scientists, while they agree that pollen can be carried far and wide,
say that the possibility of cross-pollination is very small with many
crops. The pollen grains lose their potency relatively quickly, and they
have to compete with locally-produced pollen when they land on plants.

Surrounding GM crops with plants of other species reduces the risk, because
cross-pollination between species is harder than within them. But the
scientists agree that there is no zero risk of GM pollen spreading, and no
barrier zone capable of preventing it.


http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_341000/341818.stm

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