The first book of YS is called 'samaadhi-paada'.
The second suutra goes like:
yogash citta-vRtti-nirodhaH
In his 'yoga-suutra-bhaaSya', KRSNa-dvaipaayana (sp?; aka
BaadaraayaNa,
Veda-vyaasa) equates(?) yoga with samaadhi:
yogaH samaadhiH (yoga [is] samaadhi)
The word 'samaadhi' appears in the samaadhi-paada only
in I 20, I 46 and I 51, that is only three times. Elsewhere,
where one would expect it, it is implied (understood, whatever...).
One of the suutras where the word 'samaadhi' apparently is implied,
is
I 17, which seems to define(?) 'saMprajñaata-samaadhi':
vitarkavicaaraanandaasmitaaruupaanugamaat saMprajñaataH .. 17..
(sandhi-vigraha: vitarka-vicaara + aananda + asmitaa + ruupa +
anugamaat saMprajñaataH; not all editions have the word 'ruupa'(?`).
In principle the word could also be 'aruupa', or even 'aaruupa'.
The sandhi would be exactly the same, so one would just have
to know what is the correct alternative...)
Swamij's translation:
1.17 The deep absorption of attention on an object is of four kinds,
1) gross (vitarka), 2) subtle (vichara), 3) bliss accompanied
(ananda), and 4) with I-ness (asmita), and is called samprajnata
samadhi.
According to dictionaries, the word 'saMprajñaata' means e.g:
samprajJAta mfn. distinguished , discerned , known accurately
Yogas. ;
%{-yogin} m. a Yogin who is still in a state of consciousness KapS.
The next suutra seems to define(?) 'asaMprajñaata-samaadhi':
viraamapratyayaabhyaasapuurvaH saMskaarasheSo 'nyaH .. 18..
(viraama-pratyaya + abhyaasa-puurvaH saMskaarasheSaH; anyaH)
Here Patañjali seems to call 'asaMprajñaata-samaadhi' simply
'the other' (anyaH), as opposed to 'saMprajñaata-samaadhi'.
Why he doing that is from my POV anybody's guess,
but had he used the word 'asaMprajñaata', it would have
with that word order become, by the rules of sandhi, 'saMprajñaataH'!
(...saMskaarasheSo 'saMprajñaataH', exactly as 'anyaH' becomes
"truncated" to 'nyaH'.)
I have no idea whether the possible melodic accent would
make '(a)samprajñaataH' with the "mute" negative prefix
distinguishable from 'saMprajñaataH', but in classical
Sanskrit, to which the suutras IMU belong, the melodic accents are
not indicated as they are in Vedic Sanskrit.
