[FairfieldLife] Re: Troll FAQ

2013-11-17 Thread Richard Williams
Related Structures

A. Trolls  - users who actively provoke conflict.

B. Troll-hunters  - They behave according to a principle of second
strike. They do not initiate conflict, but escalate it once it begins.

C. Troll-baiters - They use other trolls as an excuse for their own
misbehavior, and in many cases, typecast a user as a troll regardless
of his or her intent.

Ignorers: They seek to ignore the conflict, continuing with the topic
at-hand. They usually express a nonchalant disdain for the troll, but
does not seek actively to insult him or her.

Elders - They issue simple words of wisdom such as Don't feed it. or
other phrases that generally mean the same thing.

Moderators - They seek to resolve the conflict, making all parties
happy, if possible.

Kwitters - They withdraw from the conflict and in particularly bad
cases, they will leave the forum in disgust.

Related Terms

1. Feeding the troll - often the poster will become defensive when
the argument is refuted but may instead continue the thread through the
use of further flawed arguments.

2. Schlocks - A subclass of troll who posts links to offensive or
disturbing pictures or cartoons or shock sites that contain such media.
Often these links are disguised as legitimate links.

3. Sock puppets - Dilettantes posing as experts or impostors that
don't vote trying to get you to vote for their political position.
Sometimes called a sock puppet troll.

4. Devil's advocates - to strengthen opposing convictions with which
he or she usually doesn't even agree with.

5. Domino effectors - Starting large chain reactions in response to
one's initial post. Achieving a disproportionately large response to a
small action is the general theme.

6. Group-thinkers - Many trolls defend their actions as, when a sort
of conformism settles, shocking people out of it.

7. Waxed - The act of waxing, besting, or discrediting personal
attacks against one particular user or group of users in a fair debate.

8. Soap-boxers - They overcome feelings of inferiority or
powerlessness by getting the experience of controlling an environment.

9. Lurkers - In general they avoid any dialog with trolls and ignore
temptations to respond, instead they send you a private email.

10. Postal - They go bat-shit crazy over the slightest mention of their
cult activities and how they're still working for it today.


On Fri, Nov 15, 2013 at 7:54 PM, Richard J. Williams
pundits...@gmail.comwrote:

 Definition

 A person who sends duplicitous messages to get angry responses.

 Note: The term 'Internet Troll' is frequently abused to slander
 opponents in heated debates and is frequently misapplied by those
 who are ignorant of Internet etiquette.

 Description

 Trolls are sometimes caricatured as socially inept. This is often due
 to the fundamental attribution error, as it is impossible to know the
 real traits of an individual solely from their online discourse.

 Indeed, since intentional trolls are alleged to knowingly flout social
 boundaries, it is difficult to typecast them as socially inept since
 they have arguably proven adept at their goal.

 Usage

 Calling someone a troll makes assumptions about a writer's motives
 that are impossible to determine. The term troll is highly subjective,
 and some posts will look like trolling to some while seeming like
 meaningful contributions to others.

 The term is frequently used to discredit an opposing position in an
 argument. This can amount to an ad hominem argument; a purported
 troll of this nature may actually hold an insightful but controversial
 position that is generating controversy precisely because it has
 successfully challenged entrenched opinions.



[FairfieldLife] Re: Troll FAQ

2013-11-17 Thread Richard Williams
Analysis from Wikipedia - conflict resolution:

Responding to a troll inevitably drives discussion off-topic, to the
dismay of bystanders, and supplies the troll with the craved attention.

When troll hunters pounce on the trolls, ignorers reply with: YHBT.
YHL. HAND., which translated means You have been trolled. You have
lost. Have a nice day.

However, since troll hunters (like trolls) are often conflict-seekers
themselves, the loss usually is not on the part of the troll-hunter;
rather, the losers are the other forum-users who would have preferred
that the conflict not emerge at all.

Literature on conflict resolution suggests that labeling participants
in Internet discussions as trolls can perpetuate the unwanted
behaviors. A person rejected by a social group may assume an
antagonistic role toward it, and seek to further annoy or anger members
of the group.

The troll label, often a sign of social rejection, may therefore actually
perpetuate trolling.

Better results normally ensue when users take the moderator role and
describe more constructive behaviors in a non-judgmental,
non-confrontational way.

Trolls are excited by troll hunters and frustrated by the ignorers, and
neither of these emotions produce positive results for the forum.


Engaging trolls results in flame wars.

Trolls frustrated by the ignore strategy may leave the forum (and
either troll elsewhere, or become constructive users) or may
become progressively more inflammatory until they get a response.

Reference:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_troll



On Fri, Nov 15, 2013 at 7:54 PM, Richard J. Williams
pundits...@gmail.comwrote:

 Definition

 A person who sends duplicitous messages to get angry responses.

 Note: The term 'Internet Troll' is frequently abused to slander
 opponents in heated debates and is frequently misapplied by those
 who are ignorant of Internet etiquette.

 Description

 Trolls are sometimes caricatured as socially inept. This is often due
 to the fundamental attribution error, as it is impossible to know the
 real traits of an individual solely from their online discourse.

 Indeed, since intentional trolls are alleged to knowingly flout social
 boundaries, it is difficult to typecast them as socially inept since
 they have arguably proven adept at their goal.

 Usage

 Calling someone a troll makes assumptions about a writer's motives
 that are impossible to determine. The term troll is highly subjective,
 and some posts will look like trolling to some while seeming like
 meaningful contributions to others.

 The term is frequently used to discredit an opposing position in an
 argument. This can amount to an ad hominem argument; a purported
 troll of this nature may actually hold an insightful but controversial
 position that is generating controversy precisely because it has
 successfully challenged entrenched opinions.



Re: [FairfieldLife] Re: Troll FAQ

2013-11-17 Thread Share Long
Richard, thanks for lots of good info on troll. But now I gotta ask: is it 
being a troll to call someone a mime?





On Sunday, November 17, 2013 9:14 AM, Richard Williams pundits...@gmail.com 
wrote:
 
  
Analysis from Wikipedia - conflict resolution:

Responding to a troll inevitably drives discussion off-topic, to the
dismay of bystanders, and supplies the troll with the craved attention.

When troll hunters pounce on the trolls, ignorers reply with: YHBT.
YHL. HAND., which translated means You have been trolled. You have
lost. Have a nice day.

However, since troll hunters (like trolls) are often conflict-seekers
themselves, the loss usually is not on the part of the troll-hunter;
rather, the losers are the other forum-users who would have preferred
that the conflict not emerge at all.

Literature on conflict resolution suggests that labeling participants
in Internet discussions as trolls can perpetuate the unwanted
behaviors. A person rejected by a social group may assume an
antagonistic role toward it, and seek to further annoy or anger members
of the group. 

The troll label, often a sign of social rejection, may therefore actually 
perpetuate trolling.

Better results normally ensue when users take the moderator role and
describe more constructive behaviors in a non-judgmental,
non-confrontational way.

Trolls are excited by troll hunters and frustrated by the ignorers, and
neither of these emotions produce positive results for the forum.


Engaging trolls results in flame wars. 

Trolls frustrated by the ignore strategy may leave the forum (and 
either troll elsewhere, or become constructive users) or may 
become progressively more inflammatory until they get a response.

Reference:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_troll




On Fri, Nov 15, 2013 at 7:54 PM, Richard J. Williams pundits...@gmail.com 
wrote:

Definition

A person who sends duplicitous messages to get angry responses.

Note: The term 'Internet Troll' is frequently abused to slander
opponents in heated debates and is frequently misapplied by those
who are ignorant of Internet etiquette.

Description

Trolls are sometimes caricatured as socially inept. This is often due
to the fundamental attribution error, as it is impossible to know the
real traits of an individual solely from their online discourse.

Indeed, since intentional trolls are alleged to knowingly flout social
boundaries, it is difficult to typecast them as socially inept since
they have arguably proven adept at their goal.

Usage

Calling someone a troll makes assumptions about a writer's motives
that are impossible to determine. The term troll is highly subjective,
and some posts will look like trolling to some while seeming like
meaningful contributions to others.

The term is frequently used to discredit an opposing position in an
argument. This can amount to an ad hominem argument; a purported
troll of this nature may actually hold an insightful but controversial
position that is generating controversy precisely because it has
successfully challenged entrenched opinions.




Re: [FairfieldLife] Re: Troll FAQ

2013-11-17 Thread Richard J. Williams
Let me rephrase that: He called himself 'emptybill' for a reason. Around 
here, if it looks like a mime and he calls himself a mime, then he is 
probably a mime of some kind. But, it bothers me when the mime is 
talking. It's freaky! Am I the only one this bothers?


On 11/17/2013 12:12 PM, Share Long wrote:
Richard, thanks for lots of good info on troll. But now I gotta ask: 
is it being a troll to call someone a mime?




On Sunday, November 17, 2013 9:14 AM, Richard Williams 
pundits...@gmail.com wrote:

Analysis from Wikipedia - conflict resolution:

Responding to a troll inevitably drives discussion off-topic, to the
dismay of bystanders, and supplies the troll with the craved attention.

When troll hunters pounce on the trolls, ignorers reply with: YHBT.
YHL. HAND., which translated means You have been trolled. You have
lost. Have a nice day.

However, since troll hunters (like trolls) are often conflict-seekers
themselves, the loss usually is not on the part of the troll-hunter;
rather, the losers are the other forum-users who would have preferred
that the conflict not emerge at all.

Literature on conflict resolution suggests that labeling participants
in Internet discussions as trolls can perpetuate the unwanted
behaviors. A person rejected by a social group may assume an
antagonistic role toward it, and seek to further annoy or anger members
of the group.

The troll label, often a sign of social rejection, may therefore 
actually

perpetuate trolling.

Better results normally ensue when users take the moderator role and
describe more constructive behaviors in a non-judgmental,
non-confrontational way.

Trolls are excited by troll hunters and frustrated by the ignorers, and
neither of these emotions produce positive results for the forum.


Engaging trolls results in flame wars.

Trolls frustrated by the ignore strategy may leave the forum (and
either troll elsewhere, or become constructive users) or may
become progressively more inflammatory until they get a response.

Reference:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_troll



On Fri, Nov 15, 2013 at 7:54 PM, Richard J. Williams 
pundits...@gmail.com mailto:pundits...@gmail.com wrote:


Definition

A person who sends duplicitous messages to get angry responses.

Note: The term 'Internet Troll' is frequently abused to slander
opponents in heated debates and is frequently misapplied by those
who are ignorant of Internet etiquette.

Description

Trolls are sometimes caricatured as socially inept. This is often due
to the fundamental attribution error, as it is impossible to know the
real traits of an individual solely from their online discourse.

Indeed, since intentional trolls are alleged to knowingly flout social
boundaries, it is difficult to typecast them as socially inept since
they have arguably proven adept at their goal.

Usage

Calling someone a troll makes assumptions about a writer's motives
that are impossible to determine. The term troll is highly subjective,
and some posts will look like trolling to some while seeming like
meaningful contributions to others.

The term is frequently used to discredit an opposing position in an
argument. This can amount to an ad hominem argument; a purported
troll of this nature may actually hold an insightful but controversial
position that is generating controversy precisely because it has
successfully challenged entrenched opinions.









Re: [FairfieldLife] Re: Troll FAQ

2013-11-17 Thread Share Long
Richard, it sounds like you're saying that you're not a troll for calling 
emptybill a mime because of his handle?! Ok...Let's just chalk it 
up to maybe you are the only one who has to do all the heavy lifting around 
here!





On Sunday, November 17, 2013 3:10 PM, Richard J. Williams 
pundits...@gmail.com wrote:
 
  
Let me rephrase that: He called himself 'emptybill' for a reason. Around here, 
if it looks like a mime and he calls himself a mime, then he is probably a mime 
of some kind. But, it bothers me when the mime is talking. It's freaky! Am I 
the only one this bothers?

On 11/17/2013 12:12 PM, Share Long wrote:

  
Richard, thanks for lots of good info on troll. But now I gotta ask: is it 
being a troll to call someone a mime?






On Sunday, November 17, 2013 9:14 AM, Richard Williams pundits...@gmail.com 
wrote:
 
  
Analysis from Wikipedia - conflict resolution:


Responding to a troll inevitably drives discussion off-topic, to the
dismay of bystanders, and supplies the troll with the craved attention.


When troll hunters pounce on the trolls, ignorers reply with: YHBT.
YHL. HAND., which translated means You have been trolled. You have
lost. Have a nice day.


However, since troll hunters (like trolls) are often conflict-seekers
themselves, the loss usually is not on the part of the troll-hunter;
rather, the losers are the other forum-users who would have preferred
that the conflict not emerge at all.


Literature on conflict resolution suggests that labeling participants
in Internet discussions as trolls can perpetuate the unwanted
behaviors. A person rejected by a social group may assume an
antagonistic role toward it, and seek to further annoy or anger members
of the group. 


The troll label, often a sign of social rejection, may therefore actually 
perpetuate trolling.


Better results normally ensue when users take the moderator role and
describe more constructive behaviors in a non-judgmental,
non-confrontational way.


Trolls are excited by troll hunters and frustrated by the ignorers, and
neither of these emotions produce positive results for the forum.




Engaging trolls results in flame wars. 


Trolls frustrated by the ignore strategy may leave the forum (and 
either troll elsewhere, or become constructive users) or may 
become progressively more inflammatory until they get a response.


Reference:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_troll





On Fri, Nov 15, 2013 at 7:54 PM, Richard J. Williams pundits...@gmail.com 
wrote:

Definition

A person who sends duplicitous
messages to get angry responses.

Note: The term 'Internet Troll'
is frequently abused to slander
opponents in heated debates and
is frequently misapplied by
those
who are ignorant of Internet
etiquette.

Description

Trolls are sometimes caricatured
as socially inept. This is often
due
to the fundamental attribution
error, as it is impossible to
know the
real traits of an individual
solely from their online
discourse.

Indeed, since intentional trolls
are alleged to knowingly flout
social
boundaries, it is difficult to
typecast them as socially inept
since
they have arguably proven adept
at their goal.

Usage

Calling someone a troll makes
assumptions about a writer's
motives
that are impossible to
determine. The term troll is
highly subjective,
and some posts will look like
trolling to some while seeming
like
meaningful contributions to
others.

The term is frequently used to
discredit an opposing position
in an
argument. This can amount to an
ad hominem argument; a purported
troll of this nature may
actually hold an insightful but
controversial
position that is generating
controversy precisely because it
has
successfully challenged
entrenched opinions.







Re: [FairfieldLife] Re: Troll FAQ

2013-11-17 Thread Richard J. Williams
Now this is really funny - a guy posting as 'emptybill', is full of 
himself? LoL!


So, I've been using my real name for a number of years now since I'm 
retired from my job as a janitor at the local community college. Judy, 
John, and Barry can't hurt me now or get me fired from my job. For years 
they called my 'willytex' because that's my email address. One guy here 
actually ripped off my photo from the college web site where I worked 
and posted it on a discussion board.


One gal, Judy Stein, insisted on calling me 'willytex' for years AFTER I 
told her my name was Richard J. Williams. Can you believe that? And she 
called me a troll? Go figure.


On 11/17/2013 3:18 PM, Share Long wrote:
Richard, it sounds like you're saying that you're not a troll for 
calling emptybill a mime because of his handle?! 
Ok...Let's just chalk it up to maybe you are the only one 
who has to do all the heavy lifting around here!




On Sunday, November 17, 2013 3:10 PM, Richard J. Williams 
pundits...@gmail.com wrote:
Let me rephrase that: He called himself 'emptybill' for a reason. 
Around here, if it looks like a mime and he calls himself a mime, then 
he is probably a mime of some kind. But, it bothers me when the mime 
is talking. It's freaky! Am I the only one this bothers?


On 11/17/2013 12:12 PM, Share Long wrote:
Richard, thanks for lots of good info on troll. But now I gotta ask: 
is it being a troll to call someone a mime?




On Sunday, November 17, 2013 9:14 AM, Richard Williams 
pundits...@gmail.com mailto:pundits...@gmail.com wrote:

Analysis from Wikipedia - conflict resolution:

Responding to a troll inevitably drives discussion off-topic, to the
dismay of bystanders, and supplies the troll with the craved attention.

When troll hunters pounce on the trolls, ignorers reply with: YHBT.
YHL. HAND., which translated means You have been trolled. You have
lost. Have a nice day.

However, since troll hunters (like trolls) are often conflict-seekers
themselves, the loss usually is not on the part of the troll-hunter;
rather, the losers are the other forum-users who would have preferred
that the conflict not emerge at all.

Literature on conflict resolution suggests that labeling participants
in Internet discussions as trolls can perpetuate the unwanted
behaviors. A person rejected by a social group may assume an
antagonistic role toward it, and seek to further annoy or anger members
of the group.

The troll label, often a sign of social rejection, may therefore 
actually

perpetuate trolling.

Better results normally ensue when users take the moderator role and
describe more constructive behaviors in a non-judgmental,
non-confrontational way.

Trolls are excited by troll hunters and frustrated by the ignorers, and
neither of these emotions produce positive results for the forum.


Engaging trolls results in flame wars.

Trolls frustrated by the ignore strategy may leave the forum (and
either troll elsewhere, or become constructive users) or may
become progressively more inflammatory until they get a response.

Reference:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_troll



On Fri, Nov 15, 2013 at 7:54 PM, Richard J. Williams 
pundits...@gmail.com mailto:pundits...@gmail.com wrote:


Definition

A person who sends duplicitous messages to get angry responses.

Note: The term 'Internet Troll' is frequently abused to slander
opponents in heated debates and is frequently misapplied by those
who are ignorant of Internet etiquette.

Description

Trolls are sometimes caricatured as socially inept. This is often due
to the fundamental attribution error, as it is impossible to know the
real traits of an individual solely from their online discourse.

Indeed, since intentional trolls are alleged to knowingly flout
social
boundaries, it is difficult to typecast them as socially inept since
they have arguably proven adept at their goal.

Usage

Calling someone a troll makes assumptions about a writer's motives
that are impossible to determine. The term troll is highly
subjective,
and some posts will look like trolling to some while seeming like
meaningful contributions to others.

The term is frequently used to discredit an opposing position in an
argument. This can amount to an ad hominem argument; a purported
troll of this nature may actually hold an insightful but
controversial
position that is generating controversy precisely because it has
successfully challenged entrenched opinions.













[FairfieldLife] RE: Troll FAQ

2013-11-17 Thread awoelflebater
 
 

---In fairfieldlife@yahoogroups.com, punditster@... wrote:

 Now this is really funny - a guy posting as 'emptybill', is full of himself? 
LoL!
 

 Now that is really funny and I acknowledge that. See Share, I can even laugh 
with the guy who is obsessed with pipes and poop and uses incessantly the most 
nerdish of words netiquette. And he's from Texas to boot. Aren't I just the 
embodiment of enlightened thinking?
 
 So, I've been using my real name for a number of years now since I'm retired 
from my job as a janitor at the local community college. Judy, John, and Barry 
can't hurt me now or get me fired from my job. For years they called my 
'willytex' because that's my email address. One guy here actually ripped off my 
photo from the college web site where I worked and posted it on a discussion 
board. 
 
 One gal, Judy Stein, insisted on calling me 'willytex' for years AFTER I told 
her my name was Richard J. Williams. Can you believe that? And she called me a 
troll? Go figure.
 
 On 11/17/2013 3:18 PM, Share Long wrote:
 
   Richard, it sounds like you're saying that you're not a troll for calling 
emptybill a mime because of his handle?! Ok...Let's just chalk it 
up to maybe you are the only one who has to do all the heavy lifting around 
here!
 
 
 
 
 On Sunday, November 17, 2013 3:10 PM, Richard J. Williams punditster@... 
mailto:punditster@... wrote:
 
   
 Let me rephrase that: He called himself 'emptybill' for a reason. Around here, 
if it looks like a mime and he calls himself a mime, then he is probably a mime 
of some kind. But, it bothers me when the mime is talking. It's freaky! Am I 
the only one this bothers?
 
 On 11/17/2013 12:12 PM, Share Long wrote:
 
   Richard, thanks for lots of good info on troll. But now I gotta ask: is it 
being a troll to call someone a mime?
 
 
 
 
 On Sunday, November 17, 2013 9:14 AM, Richard Williams punditster@... 
mailto:punditster@... wrote:
 
   Analysis from Wikipedia - conflict resolution:
 
 
 Responding to a troll inevitably drives discussion off-topic, to the
 dismay of bystanders, and supplies the troll with the craved attention.
 
 
 When troll hunters pounce on the trolls, ignorers reply with: YHBT.
 YHL. HAND., which translated means You have been trolled. You have
 lost. Have a nice day.
 
 
 However, since troll hunters (like trolls) are often conflict-seekers
 themselves, the loss usually is not on the part of the troll-hunter;
 rather, the losers are the other forum-users who would have preferred
 that the conflict not emerge at all.
 
 
 Literature on conflict resolution suggests that labeling participants
 in Internet discussions as trolls can perpetuate the unwanted
 behaviors. A person rejected by a social group may assume an
 antagonistic role toward it, and seek to further annoy or anger members
 of the group. 
 
 
 The troll label, often a sign of social rejection, may therefore actually 
 perpetuate trolling.
 
 
 Better results normally ensue when users take the moderator role and
 describe more constructive behaviors in a non-judgmental,
 non-confrontational way.
 
 
 Trolls are excited by troll hunters and frustrated by the ignorers, and
 neither of these emotions produce positive results for the forum.
 
 
 
 
 Engaging trolls results in flame wars. 
 
 
 Trolls frustrated by the ignore strategy may leave the forum (and 
 either troll elsewhere, or become constructive users) or may 
 become progressively more inflammatory until they get a response.
 
 
 Reference:
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_troll 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_troll
 
 
 
 
 
 On Fri, Nov 15, 2013 at 7:54 PM, Richard J. Williams punditster@... 
mailto:punditster@... wrote:
 Definition
 
 A person who sends duplicitous messages to get angry responses.
 
 Note: The term 'Internet Troll' is frequently abused to slander
 opponents in heated debates and is frequently misapplied by those
 who are ignorant of Internet etiquette.
 
 Description
 
 Trolls are sometimes caricatured as socially inept. This is often due
 to the fundamental attribution error, as it is impossible to know the
 real traits of an individual solely from their online discourse.
 
 Indeed, since intentional trolls are alleged to knowingly flout social
 boundaries, it is difficult to typecast them as socially inept since
 they have arguably proven adept at their goal.
 
 Usage
 
 Calling someone a troll makes assumptions about a writer's motives
 that are impossible to determine. The term troll is highly subjective,
 and some posts will look like trolling to some while seeming like
 meaningful contributions to others.
 
 The term is frequently used to discredit an opposing position in an
 argument. This can amount to an ad hominem argument; a purported
 troll of this nature may actually hold an insightful but controversial
 position that is generating controversy precisely because it has
 successfully challenged entrenched opinions.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Re: [FairfieldLife] RE: Troll FAQ

2013-11-16 Thread Richard Williams
Motivation

Attention-seeking: The troll seeks to dominate the thread by inciting
anger, and effectively hijacking the topic at hand.

Cry for help: An indication of disturbing situations regarding family,
relationships, substances, and schools.

Effect change: Stating extreme positions to make his or her actual
beliefs seem moderate.

Blatancy: A blatant violation of forum guidelines in order to see
whether any action is taken by the forum administrator.

Amusement: To some people, the thought of a 60-year-old Internet user
being sent a sexually explicit or gross post is funny.

Time Wasters: One of the greatest themes in trolling is the idea that
you can spend one minute of your time posting a troll, causing 10 other
people to waste ten minutes of their time, affecting lots of other people.

Satire: In these cases, the individuals do not think of themselves as
trolls, but misunderstood humorists or political commentators.

Self-promotion: Attempting to discredit the Maharishi so you can drive
new recruits to your own cult.


On Fri, Nov 15, 2013 at 10:51 PM, s3raph...@yahoo.com wrote:



 Re A TROLL a person who sends duplicitous messages to get angry
 responses.:

 Perhaps we need a name for the opposite character. A WUSS - or maybe A
 WIMP - someone who posts ad hominem attacks to shut down an insightful but
 controversial position that is generating controversy precisely because it
 has successfully challenged entrenched opinions.

  



[FairfieldLife] RE: Troll FAQ

2013-11-15 Thread s3raphita
Re A TROLL a person who sends duplicitous messages to get angry responses.:   

 Perhaps we need a name for the opposite character. A WUSS - or maybe A WIMP - 
someone who posts ad hominem attacks to shut down an insightful but 
controversial position that is generating controversy precisely because it has 
successfully challenged entrenched opinions.