It used to be more clear. The main meaning of "artifact" is still "something
made by a human being" (I think it originated in Anthropology), but other
meanings have crept in as the word has become more of a metaphor.
I'm using the term with its original intent. So "system" would be a much large
I've noticed the word "artifact" used in a similar sense as "system", with
no overly obvious distinction [1]. One that comes to mind is an "artifact"
being something we're considering in relation to its human origins, and
"system" being something we are considering in terms of finding an optimal
re