but i can't find moron guide for using svn to update tree.
I never used cvs or svn myself just want to
1) get latest FreeBSD 9-* sources
2) get latest HEAD sources.
could someone just tell me what command (and/or config file) i have to use
today, as cvs will not work soon
1. Checkout the sources:
cd /usr/src # Change to something else if you don't want to checkout
to /usr/src.
svn co http://svn.freebsd.org/base/stable/9 . # stable/9
svn co http://svn.freebsd.org/base/head . # CURRENT
2. Updating:
cd /usr/src # Same caveat as above.
svn up
See also:
do ports have to be updated this way or i can use portsnap as today? will
portsnap be continued or is too deprecated?
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OpenBSD by default use UFS1 for partitions smaller than 1TB.
FreeBSD use always UFS2. UFS2 uses double the amount of space for inodes.
basic operation seems the same.
Does it make sense to use UFS1 for small filesystem (on SSD) that would
have few millions of files. It will take less space
i chose with newfs as i don't use installer :)
anyway - it is not an answer to the question.
On Sun, 30 Dec 2012, Quentin SCHWERKOLT wrote:
Since FreeBSD 9.0, you can choose between UFS1 and UFS2 in bsdinstall(8) when
creating a new freebsd-ufs partition.
Q. Schwerkolt
Date: Sun, 30 Dec
It makes perfect sense to use UFS1 on systems where space savings matter
unless your application requires any of the new features that are not
present in UFS1.
Nanobsd(8) for example uses UFS1 by default too.
thank you for answering. i don't need any new extra features, just plain
filesystem on
I don't think performance will be much different but if so, UFS1 would
be (sightly) faster than UFS2 because one page read will get more inodes
from disk and 32 bit (UFS1) arithmetic may be slightly faster than 64 bit
(UFS2).
thanks for answer i was looking for! i will rebuild FS to UFS1,
got this on dell poweredge T110 server with 4 disks, including two 3TB
drives (ada2,ada3):
ahcich2: Timeout on slot 8 port 0
ahcich2: is cs 1e00 ss 1f00 rs 1f00 tfd 40 serr
cmd c817
ahcich2: AHCI reset: device not ready after 31000ms (tfd = 0080)
GEOM_MIRROR: Component ada2 (device home1) broken, skipping.
GEOM_MIRROR: Cannot add disk ada2 to home1 (error=22).
started gmirror rebuild and it now works at full speed.
GEOM_MIRROR: Device home1: rebuilding provider ada2.
What kind of hardware failure may it be? smartctl -a /dev/ada2
self tests can not find any errors/bad sectors.
Hmm. The green drives are supposed to go to sleep for power saving, and then
there's a multiple-second delay when they have to spin back up on access.
no it wasn't that.
i did long test as you recommended and drive reported fault.
Gave it
i never really understood PAM and would be much happier if it won't be
included at all, but i need to allow root login by password with rlogin
and rsh.
I am not interested in comments like this is insecure because it
depends. For me it is secure - over my own LAN or encrypted tunnel.
What
1T Red here. The firmware is likely very similar.
The same here: brandnew WD 2T green, 9.1 stable, svn rev. 244773, not using
GEOM. I had that problem two times within the last two weeks, but the smart
self tests can not find any errors/bad sectors.
smartctl -t long /dev/disk
found an error
1+0 records out
512 bytes transferred in 60.024997 secs (85298 bytes/sec)
1 ops in 60 seconds is practically the definition of a 10k drive.
nonsense.
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1+0 records in
1+0 records out
512 bytes transferred in 60.024997 secs (85298 bytes/sec)
What exactly was the 'dd' command you used?
In particular, what block size did you specify?
512/1=512
default
if it takes one revolution for one write it means that write caching
does anyone know a PXE image (just like /boot/pxeboot) that can be placed
on tftp server and the only thing it will do would be loading first sector
from first local disk at 0x07c00 and booting as with normal hard drive.
what i need is to be able to decide from server side if given computer
First part of the recipe:
$ awk '/filename/!/^[[:space:]]*(#|$)/{print}' /etc/dhcpd.conf
filename pxelinux.0;
$ ls -l /tftpboot/pxelinux.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 May 15 2012 /tftpboot/pxelinux.0 - pxelinux.0-3.84
$ file /tftpboot/pxelinux.0-3.84
/tftpboot/pxelinux.0-3.84: data
# dd if=/dev/zero of=foo count=1 bs=1024
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1024 bytes transferred in 19.579077 secs (523007 bytes/sec)
you write to file not device, so it will be clustered anyway by FreeBSD.
128kB by default, more if you put options MAXPHYS=... in kernel config and
The kernel must be doing write-behind even to a raw disk, otherwise
waiting for write(2) to return before issuing the next write would
slow it down as Matthew suggests.
And a minute after hitting send, I remembered that FreeBSD does not
provide the traditional raw disk devices, e.g. /dev/rda0
Transfer rates:
outside: 102400 kbytes in 0.685483 sec = 149384 kbytes/sec
middle:102400 kbytes in 0.747424 sec = 137004 kbytes/sec
inside:102400 kbytes in 1.051036 sec = 97428 kbytes/sec
this is right.
Yet we get only a tiny fraction of those
- What are specific disadvantages that i can see clearly, running 8.3
kernel on freebsd 8.2?
no idea. just get latest -8 sources, compile world and kernel and install.
all newest and in sync.
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Note that the driver says Command Queueing enabled without
specifying which. If the driver is trying to use SATA's NCQ but
the drive only speaks SCSI's TCQ, that could explain it. Or if
the TCQ isn't working for some other reason.
even without TCQ,NCQ and write cache the write speed is really
from first local disk at 0x07c00 and booting as with normal hard drive.
instead of pxeboot, try giving /boot/boot0
works, except of delay.
fixed from sources for 1s delay :)
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Are you simply apprehensive over the time of buildworld?
no idea what you mean - my english isn't perfect.
I normally have latest binaries and generic kernel built for FreeBSD 8
which i use on servers (don't upgrade now as it works and there is no need
to).
I have .tar.gz file with
may the source be with you :-)
btw, the above works for MBR, if you use GPT then you should use
pmbr.
they are windoze workstations only.
and with FreeBSD i too don't have to use GPT strangeness fortunately.
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create 10GB file (on 2GB RAM machine, with some swap used to make sure
little cache would be available for filesystem.
dd if=/dev/zero of=file bs=1m count=10k
block size is 32KB, fragment size 4k
now test random read access to it (10 threads)
randomio test 10 0 0 4096
normal result on
I'd argue that using an I/O size smaller than the file system block size is
simply sub-optimal and that most apps. don't do random I/O of blocks.
OR
If you had an app. that does random I/O of 4K blocks (at 4K byte offsets),
then using a 4K/1K file system would be better.
i can just use raw
But I doubt that such a change would improve performance in the
you doubt but i am sure it would improve it a lot. Just imagine multiple
VM images on filesystem, running windoze with 4kB cluster size, each writing something.
no matter what is written from within VM it ends up as read
The default value, -1, instructs the driver to leave the STA drives at their
configuration default. Often times this means that the MPT BIOS will turn off
the write cache on every system boot sequence. IT DOES THIS FOR A GOOD REASON!
An enabled write cache is counter to data reliability.
disk would write data
I suspect that I'm encountering situations right now at netflix where this
advice is not true. I have drives that are seeing intermittent errors, then
being forced into reset after a timeout, and then coming back up with
filesystem problems. It's only a suspicion at
That is incorrect. A UPS reduces the risk, but does not eliminate it.
nothing eliminate all risks.
But for most applications, you must have the write cache off,
and you need queuing (e.g. TCQ or NCQ) for performance. If
you have queuing, there is no need to turn the write cache
on.
did you
and anyone who enabled SATA WC or complained about I/O slowness
would be forced into Siberian salt mines for the remainder of their lives.
so reserve a place for me there.
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Turning the write cache off eliminates the risk of having the write cache
on.
this sentence sounds like not having a car eliminates a risks of
driving.
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I remember those drives from some 20 years ago. Before that time, SCSI
and IDE drives were independently developed and SCSI drives offered way
yes. 20 years ago it was true. even in 1995, when i had SCSI controller in
my 486 and it was great compared to ATA.
today SATA and SAS are mostly
to be enabled to get any speed-up from tagged commands. This was no
risk with SCSI drives, since the cache did not make the drives lye
i see no correlation between interface type and possibility of lying about
command completion.
___
Please don't misinterpret this post: ZFS's ability to recover from fairly
catastrophic failures is pretty stellar, but I'm wondering if there can be
from my testing it is exactly opposite. You have to see a difference
between marketing and reality.
a little room for improvement.
I use RAID
Interesting. Is there a way to tell, other than coming up with
some way to actually test it, whether a particular drive waits until
my crappy laptop hard drive behave the same no matter if i turn write
cache on, off or leave default. seems like it is always on.
With SATA vs SAS, the gap is much narrower. The TCQ command set
(still used by SAS) is still better than the NCQ command set, but the
in what point TCQ is exactly better than SATA NCQ.
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I've had my share of sudden UPS failures over the years. Probably more
everything can fail.
That's why serious sysadmins do proper backup, no matter what safety
features are used in their servers.
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While RAID-Z is already a king of bad performance,
I don't believe RAID-Z is any worse than RAID5. Do you have any actual
measurements to back up your claim?
it is clearly described even in ZFS papers. Both on reads and writes it
gives single drive random I/O performance.
This is because RAID-Z spreads each block out over all disks, whereas RAID5
(as it is typically configured) puts each block on only one disk. So to
read a block from RAID-Z, all data disks must be involved, vs. for RAID5
only one disk needs to have its head moved.
For other workloads
I've heard this same thing -- every vdev == 1 drive in performance. I've
never seen any proof/papers on it though.
read original ZFS papers.
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To
gives single drive random I/O performance.
For reads - true. For writes it's probably behaves better than RAID5
yes, because as with reads it gives single drive performance. small writes
on RAID5 gives lower than single disk performance.
If you need higher performance, build your pool out
1 drive in performance only applies to number of random i/o
operations vdev can perform. You still get increased throughput. I.e.
5-drive RAIDZ will have 4x bandwidth of individual disks in vdev, but
unless your work is serving movies it doesn't matter.
associated with mirroring.
Thanks for the link, but I could have done that; I am attempting to
explain to Wojciech that his habit of making bold assertions and
as you can see it is not a bold assertion, just you use something without
even reading it's docs.
Not mentioning doing any more
even you need normal performance use gmirror and UFS
I've no objection. If it works for you -- go for it.
both works. For todays trend of solving everything by more hardware ZFS
may even have enough performance.
But still it is dangerous for a reasons i explained, as well as it
promotes
then stored on a different disk. You could think of it as a regular RAID-5
with stripe size of 32768 bytes.
PostgreSQL uses 8192 byte pages that fit evenly both into ZFS record size and
column size. Each page access requires only a single disk read. Random i/o
performance here should be 5
several small files at once, does the transaction use a record, or does
each file need to use a record? Additionally, if small files use
sub-records, when you delete that file, does the sub-record get moved or
just wasted (until the record is completely free)?
writes of small files are always
So far I've not lost a single ZFS pool or any data stored.
so far my house wasn't robbed.
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There are 3,236,316 files summing to 97,500,008,691 bytes. That puts the
average file at 30,127 bytes. But for the full breakdown:
quite low. what do you store.
here is my real world production example of users mail as well as
documents.
/dev/mirror/home1.eli 2788 1545 124355%
here is my real world production example of users mail as well as
documents.
/dev/mirror/home1.eli 2788 1545 1243 55% 1941057 20981181 8%
/home
Not the same data, I imagine.
A mix. 90% Mailboxes and user data (documents, pictures), rest are some
.tar.gz
long time ago with CRT monitors i used xvidtune and defined my modeline
based on existing one.
With LCD laptop Xorg automatically selected good one.
Now with desktop and new LG monitor capable of 1920x1080 it uses 1024x768
no possible modelines are displayed and i have no idea how to set it
xf86-video-intel29 is not supported. It was used for a short time when
gem/kms was still developed. I have no idea what graphics card your
atom comes with, it has integrated graphics, but you have to find out
vgapci0@pci0:0:2:0: class=0x03 card=0x574d8086 chip=0xa0018086
rev=0x02
What driver should i use with Atom D525? xf86-video-intel29 is the only
one that works, in spite of market as not supported.
Citing https://wiki.freebsd.org/Intel_GPU
Required usermode components are available in the ports tree, you
need to add WITH_NEW_XORG=true and WITH_KMS=true to
Hi,
We use LG Flatron at $work (tho not wide-aspect like the model you mention --
read: we run our LG Flatron LCDs at 1600x1200). I've had a little experience in
working on higher definitions tho (like 1920x1080).
Very first thing I do is I run xrandr with no arguments to see if the mode
i am out of current knowledge about common TV for about 10 years.
Currently in Poland there is aerial TV broadcasted in DVB-T standard.
There are TVs with builtin decoder/demodulator or separate
decoders/demodulator with HDMI output.
But how about just receiving demodulated data and letting
after reading quite recent topics about disabling/enabling write cache, i
tried to test in on desktop 3.5 drive
kern.cam.ada.write_cache: 1
kern.cam.ada.read_ahead: 1
kern.cam.ada.0.read_ahead: -1
kern.cam.ada.0.write_cache: -1
i tried writing 1 or 0 to kern.cam.ada.0.write_cache, and there
registered.
Try setting the values in /boot/loader.conf if you haven't already?
You can check the actual status of the disk itself using:-
camcontrol identify ada0
this proved your statement.
will check it out at next reboot.
Regards
Steve
- Original Message - From: Wojciech
Steve
- Original Message - From: Wojciech Puchar
after reading quite recent topics about disabling/enabling write cache, i
tried to test in on desktop 3.5 drive
kern.cam.ada.write_cache: 1
kern.cam.ada.read_ahead: 1
kern.cam.ada.0.read_ahead: -1
kern.cam.ada.0.write_cache: -1
i tried
option -s stripe size - what is stripe size?
if i stripped 4 devices with -s $[512*1024*1024] then does it mean that
1) it will take 512MB from device 1, then 512MB from device 2, then 512MB
from device 3 then 512MB from device 4 or
2) it will take 128MB from each for 512MB total
cdrom.
What I'd like to do is augement that CD-ROM image with several
binary packages, so I can just install them via 'sysinstall',
rather than having to maintain a /usr/ports tree on every host
and compile the same software again and again...
why not just use pkg_add?
when doing lots of writes (large file) after few tens of gigabytes i've
got as below.
smartctl -t long (full surface test) reports no errors
my disk is
ada0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus0 target 0 lun 0
ada0: SAMSUNG HD154UI 1AG01118 ATA-7 SATA 2.x device
ada0: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x,
i use rsh/rlogin regularly within LAN and over encrypted tunnels
it works generally fine but have strange behavior
when i output long amount of text in console (eg. cat bigfile), where long
is like 20kB it
a) display part of it and hangs (i have to kill rlogin) - rarely
b) display part of it
repeat 100 rsh host date
HINT: Set yourself up in /etc/hosts.equiv on host for password-less entry
Repeat about 5 or 6 times and then eventually the connection will hang and you
won't be able to make more connections for some time.
Next step? Execute netstat -an | less and look for oddities
systat -iostat 1
not a disk for sure. not even use everything needed already cached
netstat 1
# netstat -I tun3 1
input (tun3) output
packets errs idrops bytespackets errs bytes colls
1 0 0 52 1 0
Geli can ask for a root password at the console to unlock the root fs
but that of course won't work for a remote server.
Ideally I'd like the server to start, do minimal network config, run
a minimal ssh client (dropbear?) and wait for someone to log in,
provide the passphrase to unlock the root
anyone have tested method on doing this?
tried blocking port 5938 as well as teamviewer.com domain in squid (and
all port 80 traffic is already forwarded to squid).
Still doesn't work.
thanks for any help.
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sorry for polluting a list. i've got somewhat worried about general human
stupidity.
On Thu, 21 Feb 2013, Chris Rees wrote:
On 21 Feb 2013 16:22, Wojciech Puchar woj...@wojtek.tensor.gdynia.pl wrote:
anyone have tested method on doing this?
tried blocking port 5938 as well
how to do it?
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can it be done?
converting ELF kernel (i don't use kld modules) to format that can be
loaded directly over TFTP - without intermediate stages like loader(8)?
just to have SINGLE FILE that tftp would load and run. no loader(8) etc.
___
Basically what needs doing is to link the kernel with a modified
ldscript that doesn't add space for the program headers, and then run
the output of that link through objcopy -S -O binary to create a
kernel.bin file. That file can be directly loaded to the address it was
linked for, and a jump
with Geode CS5535 processor. any idea? tried kldload every driver from
generic kernel - nothing attaches.
no support or is there a support just not in base system?
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thank you very much. i solved that problem other way, finally ending in
NFS root.
but i still need raw block device as swap device, which will (rarely) be
in active use.
What do you recommend - iscsi or geom_gate.
the latter is 100 times more simple, and i like simple solutions.
but
if yes - how about performance on production server. i think about journal
on SSD.
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I was using it to store large MySQL myisam tables , speed was acceptable at the
time . I never had any fs corruption and it worked as expected .
At the time I set it up I remember there was some chatter about how slow
gjournal was compared to ufs with softupdate .
did some tests yesterday
Interesting I will have to try this; can you post the exact test steps . Also
what type of controller were you using and what kernel / version .
intel atom D525 builtin
ahci0: Intel ICH7 AHCI SATA controller port
0x20b8-0x20bf,0x20cc-0x20cf,0x20b0-0x20b7,0x20c8-0x20cb,0x20a0-0x20af mem
are there any scalability limits in case of lots of network interfaces.
i am asking for ca 800 tun(4) interfaces active but no more than 250Mbit/s
over them total.
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i am asking for ca 800 tun(4) interfaces active but no more than 250Mbit/s
over them total.
Do you hit CPU limits at that point?
i am not because i don't do this now, and ask BEFORE planning.
Adrian
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You wrote 8 ? 2013 ?., 20:14:59:
WP i am not because i don't do this now, and ask BEFORE planning.
I know ISP, who uses FreeBSD with mpd5 as BRAS for PPPoE. They uses
exactly what i want, just with vtun.
So it will go fine. thank you.
___
very usable at that point, ifconfig aside).
The interfaces are a linked list, plus there's a separate kernel dive
for each interface. The list (as opposed to individual interfaces) is
i don't care how fast ifconfig displays them, just for how fast things
like routing or ipfw rule like via
Before about 3 months ago or so, fusefs-kmod worked fine under FreeBSD 9.
Now, with newest 9 it doesn't on amd64. It works fine on i386.
on amd64 i can do ntfsmount but the mountpoint is not a directory and all
i can do is to unmount.
tried exactly the same version of fusefs-kmod, as well as
i found it mentioned on older mailing list archives. Unfortunately all
links to source are dead.
There is no such driver now in FreeBSD-9.
Is there any reason that it was removed, or it wasn't commited at all?
any place where i can get it?
___
I'm working on a port I maintain and the code has drastically changed.
Everything is going we except that the program gives warnings that there
isn't enough free memory on the system to perform certain actions.
The program uses Linux call to /proc/meminfo to get this information.
this is just a
Computers are getting faster, but also more memory intensive. I
can not find a laptop with less than 4 or 8 GB of RAM. Modern
browsers, such as Firefox, require a 64bit architecture and 8GB of
RAM.
what? i rarely see firefox exceed 1GB and it is already way too much IMHO.
? A 32 bit
that it is NOT necessary to make it a first class branch . 1 Giga Bytes ,
and even 2 Giga Bytes memory chips are disappearing from the computer shops
slowly .
at now 2GB RAM is smallest you can get, and intel atom is lowest end - but
still 64-bit - CPU.
At present , there is NO any
WP still 64-bit - CPU.
It is not exact so. Some Atoms on some motherboards with some
firmwares are 64-bit CPU.
don't know of any now in shops that are not
--
// Black Lion AKA Lev Serebryakov l...@freebsd.org
___
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You should also check your calendar :)
This is one of the finest pieces of April Fools' Day trolling I've
seen in quite some time. I'd rank it right up there with that press
release from some years ago about Microsoft's acquisition of the Roman
Catholic Church.
anyway Easter at 1 april for me
Superpage promotion happens automatically when consecutive data are accessed
according to the proper heuristic.
and in practice - unless there are only few processes, never really works.
this is a result of my own tests.
___
happy that FreeBSD is among the selected organization.
I am a third year student interested to work in the field of embedded
system. I applied last year and the title of my project was Kernel Size
why only in embedded system. smaller programs are always good :)
And yes FreeBSD kernel is huge.
And yes FreeBSD kernel is huge. doesn't really matter with 1GB or more RAM
but yes - it is huge even relative to linux.
Ah, any insight as to why?
my custom compiled kernel:
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 8791402 6 kwi 22:08 /boot//kernel/kernel
only with features i need. linux is AFAIK like
How do your tests work? Do you examine PTEs directly to check for superpages
or are you relying on the vm.pmap.pde sysctls?
the later.
anyway - algorithm described on list - that heuristics detects consecutive
page access doesn't really help the urgent case - RANDOM access to large
amount
I am a CS major and have experience with Qt, C++ and shell scripting.
I have been developing on FreeBSD for several years, and I am looking to
tackle developing a new Qt front-end for the freebsd-update command.
spend your time for something more useful :)
point c. is what i would like the most and is really the most important
for NON embedded system.
others for embedded ones.
d. won't really cut much
f. may not save much but slow things down
i wish you a success.
On Thu, 2 May 2013, Amit Rawat wrote:
Hi,
I am attaching my gsoc proposal with
good for today and future ladmins that cannot type a command.
Any USEFUL proposals that add some real functionality?
On Fri, 3 May 2013, Justin Edward Muniz wrote:
Thank you everyone for helping me create a suitable project to propose. I
have submitted a draft of my proposal, though I am
On Sat, 4 May 2013, Alexander Yerenkow wrote:
You still can't accept that there could be more than one point of view, and you
show no respect to other's opinions.
I know no projects that actually worked and succeded if democracy were
used to decide about it's direction.
Since this will enable more people to run FreeBSD that otherwise
wouldn't give it a second glance, I would say it is VERY useful.
Really? How useful is FreeBSD going to be to someone who cannot type?
Who is the target here? Idiots? People without fingers?
that's exactly what i mean here.
spending your time polishing the wheels.
You need to spend more time writing patches rather than telling other
people what not to do. We're (nearly) all volunteers.
If you think something needs fixing, you can have a go yourself or pay
someone, but do NOT tell someone that their contribution
or partially. Then I gave a try Kde accessibility and found out that it's
not quite ready for real usage. But it was something, at least.
About Gui I always think it's better to have it than not.
Not true. GUI is only a problem. you may just make your fonts larger using
xterm.
1:0x26:DDS-4 variable 97000DCLZ
2:0x26:DDS-4 variable 97000DCLZ
3:0x26:DDS-4 variable 97000DCLZ
-
Current Driver State: at rest.
-
File Number: 0
how to redirect recipient address. i mean - if someone try to send to
x...@y.pl from serwer then it should be redirected to local account, while
the rest of mails to domain @y.pl should get out normally.
alternatively outgoing mail to x...@y.pl should be rejected.
tried access.db -
To:x...@y.pl REJECT
doesn't work
any idea. thank you
Don't use /etc/mail/access, use /etc/mail/aliases.
E.g.:
x: /dev/null
x is NOT on my server. it will not work.
all i want is when someone send a mail from my server to x...@y.pl (which is
someone else domain) it will not get
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