Re: kbdmux: unable to work with dual keyboard

[Eugeny Kuzakov]

Maksim Yevmenkin wrote:

well, you are doing something wrong. stupid questions: did you kldload
kbdmux? is your userland and kernel in sync? i just tried
  


Dear Max,

   I have synchronized sources then recompiled world&kernel -- no success.
   And then I have removed any kbdmux related directoried and 
resynchronized sources and etc.

   Now everything is works
   Thank you!:)


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Re: question

[Spiros Papadopoulos]

On Thursday 19 January 2006 00:23, Jose Jesus Ortega wrote:
> thanks but the Fn+F7 didn't help, nothing happens, and
> yes I'm using a laptop. Is there another way?
>

I never had this problem myself. I have a friend with an HP laptop that gets 
the command line interface always in the  middle of the screen. However KDE 
works fine for him so we never got messed with this until know..
The only difference i can see right now is that he gives
#kdm and not #startx to start KDE and it starts normally (whole screen)
In his case Fn + F7 combination doesn't work with the non-graphical interface 
but works with KDE.
To further help you personaly i will have a look but not in less than 10-12 
hours from now.
are you editing the xorg.conf file or using #xorgconfig (or similar command) 
to make changes?

Anyone else faced with this already?

/* Sorry that i didn't cc before */

Spiros

> --- Spiros Papadopoulos <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > Hi
> >
> > > -Original Message-
> > > From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> >
> > [mailto:owner-freebsd-
> >
> > > [EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Jose Jesus
> >
> > Ortega
> >
> > > Sent: Wednesday, January 18, 2006 4:20 AM
> > > To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > > Subject: question
> > >
> > > I installed freeBSD 6.0 on my pc and kde but
> >
> > starting
> >
> > > "startx"
> > > will only display a small part of the whole
> >
> > screen.
> >
> > Is your pc a laptop?
> > For example if this happens on my laptop, I may be
> > able to alter it with the
> > combination "Fn+F7". Is there such chance in your
> > case?
> > Just in case this helps.
> >
> > >I tried
> > > configuring the X11 but when I add the "HorizSync"
> >
> > at
> >
> > > 30-107 and "VertRefresh" at 48-120 the screen only
> > > diplays colors. How do I make it make kde appear
> >
> > with
> >
> > > the whole screen?
> > > ___
> > > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list
>
> http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
>
> > > To unsubscribe, send any mail to
> >
> > "freebsd-questions-
> >
> > > [EMAIL PROTECTED]"
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Re: Multiple install

[Vulpes Velox]

On Wed, 18 Jan 2006 09:57:58 -0800
Eric Smith <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Do you know of a drive clone that will work well with distributing
> freebsd installations to multiple servers via network.

nfs+dd+a bootable cd
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Re: freebsd 6.0 rc.conf

[Vulpes Velox]

On Wed, 18 Jan 2006 09:33:48 -0800 (PST)
ann kok <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Hi all
> 
> I have 2 questons about rc.conf
> 
> 1/ I want to stop sendmail running in the box. in the
> man page in rc.sendmail. it said to put the following
> in rc.conf. "to completely prevent any snedmail(8)
> daemons from starting. but my sendmail is still
> running in the box!
> 
> sendmail_enable="NO"
> sendmail_submit_enable="NO"
> sendmail_outbound_enable="NO"
> sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"
> 
> 2/ When I put quagga_flags="start" in rc.conf, the box
> is in boot process and seems to not in logon prompt.

Probally because quagga is hanging for some reason and rc.d is
waiting for it to exit, so it can continue. Generally this can be
bypassed by hitting control-C.

> but I remove quagga_flags="start" in rc.conf, the box
> is in the logon prompt
> 
> Why?
> 
> Thank you for your help
> 
> defaultrouter="NO"
> quagga_enable="YES"
> quagga_daemons="zebra bgpd"
> quagga_flags="start"
> router_enable="NO"

Just look at the rcNG startup script for it. I don't think
quagga_flags is used. It is a little late here, so I may be wrong on
that.
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Vulpes Velox]

On Wed, 18 Jan 2006 21:15:15 +
Tim Greening-Jackson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On Tue, 2006-01-17 at 18:15 +0100, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> > What is the essential difference
> > between FreeBSD and Linux (Fedora for instance)?
> 
> I have been following this thread (and similar ones over the past
> few weeks) and would like to offer my perspective on the "FreeBSD
> versus Linux" discussion. FWIW, this isn't a troll, so my apologies
> if it upsets some of the more precious people on this list (and
> having read the list for the past couple of months you are
> definitely out there).
> 
> To explain some background, I used/administered/programmed under
> Unix throughout the 1980s and 1990s (SysVR3, BSD4.2, Ultrix...),
> and I have been using Linux (RedHat/Fedora) for the past couple of
> years. I have recently been using/evaluating FreeBSD. I have no
> particular axe to grind in favour of either system.

Nearly entirely FreeBSD since I started using unix a 5 years ago. I
work with Redhat and Fedora a nice bit at work though.

> It's reasonable to assume that the sorts of people asking a question
> like "what's the difference..." or "which is better..." aren't
> designing brand-new top-end data centres. They are a lot more likely
> to be contemplating a move from MS Windows or perhaps have dabbled
> with Linux and are curious. I would also suggest that a better
> question than "what's better" is "what is more appropriate".
> 
> So, that preamble out of the way, my $0.02 is this. The distinction
> "Linux is a kernel; FreeBSD is an O/S" is - frankly - the sort of
> jesuitical sophistry that gets UseNet a bad name. The important
> things are:
> 
> 
> EASE OF USE AND INSTALLATION
> 
> Linux is a much, much easier system to install and configure. No
> contest. Stick the disks in, it'll pretty much recognise any
> sound-card and video interface and will work out of the box without
> pissing about configuring X-windows or recompiling the kernel. I'm
> sure if you persevere for long enough with FreeBSD it's possible to
> get a quite usable desktop, with most of the applications that come
> bundled with a release of Linux. The FreeBSD installation process is
> like some sort of time-warp back to the 1980s.
> 
> The argument that "most FreeBSD installations are server, so don't
> require mice etc." is a circular/self-fulfilling one. People -
> frankly
> - aren't going to be bothered messing around getting FreeBSD
> working. Get used to it.

Any time you need to start a X server to run the install, you have
something drastically wrong with the installer.

Nothing happens during the install that requires graphics... does not
make a difference if it is FreeBSD or Fedora.

Any one who is serious about using unix as a desktop, really needs to
be able to configure X for them selves.

BTW FreeBSD recognizes the sound card on all my hardware upon a fresh
install.

> 
> COMMUNITY
> 
> The Linux community is much larger than the FreeBSD one. I have
> noted certain comments in this mailing list about wanting to stay
> "select", like some sort of digital Albania. To be honest, it's
> highly likely that your wish will come true.

Not been paying to close of attention, but I missed this part...
other than the ranting of one or two idiots back there.

> Fortunately there is this mailing list. And a couple of books,
> although when I went to my local bookstores (large ones, with big
> sections on computing) each had an entire shelf of Linux books, but
> none on FreeBSD. Thank goodness for Amazon, so I could get Lehey -
> which is excellent.
> 
> The relative size of the communities means two things: there's much
> more support for Linux and also more applications are ready for
> Linux. Just like if I compare Linux with Windows. This list relies
> on a small number of dedicated experts who are generous enough with
> their time to answer a lot of questions over and over again.
> However, the FreeBSD community resembles some sort of religious
> cult at times. If FreeBSD wants to be anything other than a small
> footnote in the history of computing then it needs to engage a bit
> more with the 99.99% of the world who neither know - nor care -
> what it is; and who regard re-compiling a kernel as less of a
> God-given right and more of a tedious chore.

BAH! If one does not bother to be bloody selective one will find
brain dead cult like mentality around all OSes.

Yeah, that is what kernel modules are for...

Crap like this pisses me off... why the hell should FreeBSD be the OS
the does it all for you... what do you get when you want something to
do that? crap...

If enough FreeBSD users feel the need for this or want it, they will
fix it. Hence open source.

It is designed to provide a base system to build upon. This is what
most people forget when they start demanding it do everything for
them. That is not it's job, that would properly be the job of either
a port or a seperate distribution that uses FreeBSD as the base.

> 
> HA

NIC

[Vitalie Apostu]

When I unplug UTP cable from NIC card and plug it back the system cannot
ping any host in network. 
Does anybody know how to fix it?


Regards,

Vitalie Apostu
P.O. Box 73
Matthews, NC 28106
Phone: 704.533.1240
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Vulpes Velox]

On Wed, 18 Jan 2006 14:00:59 +
Dick Davies <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> [Let me first point out I've seen about 4 different 'unix/windows is
> teh gayz0r' threads on completely unrelated mailing lists in the
> last 24 hours.
> If I sound bored rigid with the whole subject that might be why.]
> 
> Can we please stop comparing *NIX to windows. They're nothing
> like each other. Like all software, they bothsuck in their own
> unique ways, it's just that BSD sucks in areas I mainly don't care
> about, and windows sucks at most of the things I do care about.
> 
> On 18/01/06, Martin Tournoy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > > Windows almost runs everything
> 
> > Quite the opposite, try running some application from a few years
> > back on windows 200 or XP, big chance it won't work.
> 
> So what? That's exactly the same for FreeBSD, even it's core apps.
> And vendors rush to support MS' new OSes.

And stuff is updated on other OSes as well. This part all around
seems over blown... better APIs come and old ones slowly go away.

> >  Microsoft pays hardware manufacturers to
> > make drivers for their OS,
> 
> I seriously doubt it. They don't need to with their market share.
> 
> > Upgrading is a pain on windows, upgrading from 98 to 2000 more or
> > less needs a format and clean install, while on FreeBSD you have
> > much more flexibility, so you can upgrade much easy er.
> 
> Have you ever brought 4.x up to 6.x? It doesn't sound like it.

My vote is to backup and reinstall, on major version bumps. I feel
the same regardless of the OS.

> There are tools to solve this for windows, and there has been
> for a long time.
> Try updating 200 FreeBSD boxes, then try the same with a decent
> imaging system for windows.

man 1 dd

> > Unix is for the masses, the only problem it has is a proper user
> > friendly GUI.
> 
> Then it isn't for the masses. Deal with it.

It is not a problem with the interface, but one of a problem with the
users. Unix is what ever you want it to be and most people don't know
what they want.

If some one does not know what they want or what they are doing,
they are pretty much screwed regardless of the interface.
 
> > With Windows on the other hand, you *HAVE* to do things as the
> > Microsoft programmers envisioned and liked things, and lacks a
> > lot of flexibility that FreeBSD does have
> 
> Can you justify that at all? If what you're saying boils down to
> 'you have the source' then I don't think that applies to 99% of
> users.

I feel focusing on what the average moron would do and following in
line in ones hardware/software/etc decisions in all around a bad move.

Use what works and what you like.

> > Say whatever you want, but the Unix permission system is better
> > than Window's, it much more simple
> 
> It's also very outdated and has been reinvented several times.
> RBAC, SeLinux and MAC would indicate it's not flexible enough for
> most people.

Nah, it just proves it has been updated in multiple ways. I do agree,
what we have currently works nicely.

> > The same goes for window's configuration, the registry, it's not
> > a bad idea, but horribly failed, now you have a huge file with a
> > lot of data, half of it redundant, and the worst is that it's
> > undocumented. FreeBSD simply has a set of configuration files,
> > mostly in /etc and /usr/local/etc most of them have a man page,
> > and an example file in /usr/share/examples/etc
> 
> That's not in itself a good thing. As I understand it, the registry
> is a central place for storing configuration details. /etc has
> nothing like that.
> 
> Think of something simple like a webserver docroot. Apache
> obviously needs to know about that, so might your ftp server, your
> backup/mirror scripts and so on. If you ever change that
> directories location, you'll have to update everything
> that references that path. That's a pain in the arse, and it's only
> one of dozens
> of annoyances with /etc.
> 
> The arguments you're making above equally
> apply to 4.x /etc, and I don't think you'd argue that rcNG is a vast
> improvement.
> Have a look at things like Solaris SMF and you realise that rcNG
> isn't as good as it could be either.

The only problem with rcNG is it can't currently handle a dynamic
config.

I honestly feel this problem of /etc and /usr/local/etc is vastly
over stated.
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Re: cannot install freebsd 6.0

[Kris Kennaway]

On Wed, Jan 18, 2006 at 07:49:12PM -0800, Stephen Krauth wrote:
> I'm unable to even boot the FreeBSD 6.0 install CD (i386 version).  I have 
> an AMD64 with an Nvidia nForce 3 250Gb based motherboard (MSI K8N Neo 
> Platinum), currently running 4.10-RELEASE. The 6.0 boot cd dies with:
> 
>   panic: pmap_mapdev: couldn't alloc kernel virtual memory
> 
> This happens right after the agp0 load message.  I tried disabling ACPI 
> with no luck.
> 
> Please help!  I've been a FreeBSD user for almost 10 years and it would be 
> disappointing to give up now...

Did you

a) Verify the checksum of your iso image,

and/or

b) Try the amd64 version?

Kris


pgpbDVkS43q3l.pgp
Description: PGP signature

cannot install freebsd 6.0

[Stephen Krauth]

I'm unable to even boot the FreeBSD 6.0 install CD (i386 version).  I have an 
AMD64 with an Nvidia nForce 3 250Gb based motherboard (MSI K8N Neo Platinum), 
currently running 4.10-RELEASE. The 6.0 boot cd dies with:


  panic: pmap_mapdev: couldn't alloc kernel virtual memory

This happens right after the agp0 load message.  I tried disabling ACPI with no 
luck.


Please help!  I've been a FreeBSD user for almost 10 years and it would be 
disappointing to give up now...


- Steve K.
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Re: I belong to too many groups

[Matt Emmerton]

> It took me so long to get onto this list that in the end I just gave and
> reinstalled over the top of the old one. It all works now, but I would
still
> be interested in a way around the problem if one exists. The original
> problem is described below
>
> I recently installed FreeBSD 6 RELEASE onto a hard drive and added two
other
> users, bob and bill.
>
> Whilst I was doing this I decided to make root and bob members of ALL the
> groups in the system.
>
> I now find that I am unable to log in as either root or bob nor can I su
> from bob.
> I have tried booting to safe mode but it will still not allow me to do
> anything
> The messages that I get from the system are:
>
> login: ROOT LOGIN (root) ON ttyv0
> login: initgroups(root,0) : Invalid argument
> login: setusercontext() failed - exiting
>
> I can still log in as bill and this will allow me to see the system files
> but bill doesn't have the authority to change anything.
> I tried to su to root but bill is not in the wheel group.
> If I want to run a graphical environment (and I do) then I need to start
> this up as root.
> Is there any way to get past this problem or will I need to reinstall?

Boot in single-user mode (type "boot -s" at the boot prompt).  Then you will
be "root" and can fix up your /etc/group files.

--
Matt Emmerton

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I belong to too many groups

[Bob @ Brisbane]

It took me so long to get onto this list that in the end I just gave and 
reinstalled over the top of the old one. It all works now, but I would still 
be interested in a way around the problem if one exists. The original 
problem is described below


I recently installed FreeBSD 6 RELEASE onto a hard drive and added two other
users, bob and bill.

Whilst I was doing this I decided to make root and bob members of ALL the
groups in the system.

I now find that I am unable to log in as either root or bob nor can I su 
from bob.
I have tried booting to safe mode but it will still not allow me to do 
anything

The messages that I get from the system are:

login: ROOT LOGIN (root) ON ttyv0
login: initgroups(root,0) : Invalid argument
login: setusercontext() failed - exiting

I can still log in as bill and this will allow me to see the system files
but bill doesn't have the authority to change anything.
I tried to su to root but bill is not in the wheel group.
If I want to run a graphical environment (and I do) then I need to start
this up as root.
Is there any way to get past this problem or will I need to reinstall?


Bob Willson 


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Re: Difficulty asking questions

[Bob @ Brisbane]

This is from my apana address. I get both the item to me and also the one 
from the list.

Bob Willson
- Original Message - 
From: "Ian Smith" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Cc: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Micah" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Monday, January 16, 2006 1:12 AM
Subject: Re: Difficulty asking questions



gday,

sending this to both of your addresses, and -questions.  You should get
three.  If you reply, esp from your apana address, I could check a) that
you can post to me at least :) and b) see what the headers suggest about
reverse IP resolution.



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Fw: Fw: Testing

[Bob @ Brisbane]

I have been trying to get onto these lists for a while now but I was unable 
to until David Wolfskill intervened and specifically allowed me in the 
records. Thanks David and others who replied to my earlier problems.


- Original Message - 
From: "David Wolfskill" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

To: "Bob @ Brisbane" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Monday, January 16, 2006 9:40 AM
Subject: Re: Fw: Testing



On Mon, Jan 16, 2006 at 08:57:29AM +1000, Bob @ Brisbane wrote:

Hi David
Could we use a hammer to smash the nut and just allow the IP address for
the time being.
It often takes weeks before APANA gets around to fixing anything.
My IP 203.3.126.224 is a fixed number and has been mine for some years.
Bob Willson


I'm (somewhat) sympathetic -- my IP address is residential DSL, but
static.  (I got it before the telco started using the PPPoE
abomination.)  Though I consider myself fortunate:  though they refuse
to "do DNS" for that IP address (meaning that they won't put something I
specify in their zone files, nor will they delegate the ability to be
authoritative for the in-addr.arpa entry in question to me), they do
have a consistent pair of A and PTR records.

Anyway, I did it; please re-test the failing condition.

Peace,
david   (current hat: [EMAIL PROTECTED])
--
David H. Wolfskill [EMAIL PROTECTED]
It is courteous to reduce quoted text to just that needed to establish 
context.


See http://www.catwhisker.org/~david/publickey.gpg for my public key.



Below this is a cut and pasted earlier message from David that describes the 
problem I faced.


On Sun, Jan 15, 2006 at 01:36:16PM +1000, Bob @ Brisbane wrote:

Hi David
Thanks for your interest and help.

I have used the address [EMAIL PROTECTED] and also the 
[EMAIL PROTECTED] address to send two email test letters from each 
address to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] and also [EMAIL PROTECTED]


Right.  And I see one message in the freebsd-test@ archive that you sent
to freebsd-test without a Cc: to postmaster@ (as well).

The first message I have that you sent to both was Message-Id
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, which hit mx1.freebsd.org at Jan
15 03:20:37 (UTC).

The reason mx1 gave for declining to accept it on behalf of freebsd-test
was "450 Client host rejected: cannot find your hostname".

And checking:

mx1(4.9-S)[8] host 203.185.225.22
Host not found.
mx1(4.9-S)[9]

Right.  (You may be thinking that "203.185.225.22" isn't a hostname.
While that is, in some senses, correct, it's not especially relevant.
More below.)

Here is a blurb I cobbled up a bit ago:

The SMTP server in this case, mx1.freebsd.org, is set up so that it
requires:

* that the IP address "reverse-resolve" to a hostname and

* that the hostname thus obtained resolve a set of IP addresses, one of
 which must match the IP address of the client and

* the (fully-qualified) hostname given in the SMTP conversation
 (either HELO or EHLO) must resolve a set of IP addresses, one of
 which must match the IP address of the client.

In the case in point (IP address 203.185.225.22, allocated to
POWERTEL LIMITED), the first condition fails to be met.  You have some
options:

* Use the ISP's designated mail relay host(s) (assuming, of course, that
 the machine(s) in question are set up to meet the above criteria).

* Relay the mail off of some other machine that meets the criteria.

* Finally, if neither of the above is workable, let me (postmaster@)
 know, and I can add that IP address to a list of "accepted" SMTP
 clients.  Please note that this won't be very useful if the IP address
 assignment is dynamic.

Since the mail from the Y! account worked, I don't see much point in
going over it.

Peace,
david   (current hat: [EMAIL PROTECTED])
--
David H. Wolfskill [EMAIL PROTECTED]
It is courteous to reduce quoted text to just that needed to establish 
context.


See http://www.catwhisker.org/~david/publickey.gpg for my public key.


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Can't find what's causing high system loads

[George Pappas]

I'm running 5.4R on a dual Xeon machine.  Until today all has been fine, system 
is usually 80-90% idle with a load of 0.2-0.3 all the time.  Suddenly it's 
consistently only 40-50% idle with a load of 1.5-2.5.  top shows nothing except 
that the load is coming as system processes, 30-40% where it used to be only 
2-3%.  However, running top with -S still shows nothing.
   
  I don't recall doing anything that would explain this.  What can I look for 
to explain this sudden increase in system load?  I've included a snapshot of 
top below
   
  George
  
---
  last pid: 29263;  load averages:  1.88,  1.94,  1.81  
  up 0+15:03:45  21:42:04
701 processes: 22 running, 600 sleeping, 79 waiting
CPU states: 10.3% user,  0.0% nice, 40.0% system,  1.0% interrupt, 48.8% idle
Mem: 277M Active, 1332M Inact, 211M Wired, 69M Cache, 112M Buf, 113M Free
Swap: 748M Total, 748M Free
PID USERNAMEPRI NICE   SIZERES STATE  C   TIME   WCPUCPU COMMAND
   11 root1060 0K12K RUN3 605:38 64.65% 64.65% idle: 
cpu3
   12 root1050 0K12K RUN2 537:46 58.84% 58.84% idle: 
cpu2
   13 root1050 0K12K RUN1 513:30 57.08% 57.08% idle: 
cpu1
   14 root1050 0K12K RUN0 518:14 55.57% 55.57% idle: 
cpu0
  978 root 960 15844K  9264K CPU2   3   1:27  0.10%  0.10% httpd
  459 bind1190 51860K 50312K RUN1  19.1H  0.05%  0.05% named
   35 root-68 -187 0K12K RUN0   7:16  0.05%  0.05% irq22: 
fxp0



-
Yahoo! Photos – Showcase holiday pictures in hardcover
 Photo Books. You design it and we’ll bind it!
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Re: mencoder/mplayer slower on freebsd 6.0-amd64

[Danny Pansters]

On Thursday 19 January 2006 00:28, Tsu-Fan Cheng wrote:
> Hi,
>I don't know if this is related, but I noticed that, when I run "mkxvcd"
> under amd64, it takes longer time to finish a movie conversion. I didn't do
> a side-by-side comparison between amd64 and i386 system, but usually a job
> will take less than an hour to finish on i386 would take more than that
> (usually like 2 hours) on the amd64.
>mkxvcd calls up mplayer/mencoder to do the conversion, while running the
> command, it prompted:
> [code]
> mplayer: could not connect to socket
> mplayer: Socket operation on non-socket
> [/code]
> is this the problem?


No, this is about it trying to find a remote control.

Dan 

(don't know about amd64 vs i386, perhaps you must not use runtime CPU 
detection with non-i386?)
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Re: 6.0 for nfsd ?

[Garrett Cooper]

Kris Kennaway wrote:

On Thu, Jan 19, 2006 at 12:52:26AM +0100, Albert Shih wrote:
  

Hi all

I known that's a question come 1000 times when there are a new release...

I must re-install my nfs server (actually run under FreeBSD 4.7 perfectly).

I want to install FreeBSD 6.0-stable or FreeBSD 6.0-Release because on the
www.freebsd.org this tag is ?Production...?. But is it a good idea ? Maybe
FreeBSD 5.4-Release is enough ?

What's adavantage can I've to install FreeBSD 6.0 instead 5.x ? (The only
thing I want is the best performance AND best stability for...nfs).



6.0 should perform much better than 5.4 for this task.  It is also
more stable than 5.4-RELEASE in general.

Kris
  
   6.0 has pretty solid NFS, as did 5.4, but perhaps better. I have an 
idea because I use NFS quite regularly.

-Garrett
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Matias]

Giorgos Keramidas wrote:

> On 2006-01-18 16:55, Matias <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>> > What is the essential difference between FreeBSD and Linux (Fedora
>> > for instance)?  Where can I find any list of differences?
>> > What/Where are the advantages of FreeBSD vs Linux?
>>
>> Give a look at gentoo  it's inspired by FreeBSD, and is linux as
>> well the portage system works great... and as a personal opinion: Use
>> gentoo for Home / Desktop / Office use use FreeBSD For web/ftp/file/
>> etc.. Servers.
> 
> Nah.  Why use something that is "BSD-like" when you can get the Real
> Thing(TM) for free?
> 
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It's just another option. I like very much both of them.


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nsswitch.conf with ldap

[Dominique Goncalves]

Hi,

I'm trying to use ldap database in /etc/nsswitch.conf but FreeBSD
hangs on boot if it needs to bind a system user present in files, my
nsswitch.conf:
group: files ldap
group_compat: nis
hosts: files dns
networks: files
passwd: files ldap
passwd_compat: nis
shells: files

Adding ldap after FreeBSD has started, everything works ok.

I've done some test with truss on single user mode with and without
ldap in nsswitch.conf and binding a system user present in files and
it only works if there is no ldap in nsswitch.conf

truss with ldap in nsswitch.conf: http://djdomics.free.fr/FreeBSD/nss-w-ldap.txt
truss without ldap in nsswitch.conf:
http://djdomics.free.fr/FreeBSD/nss-wo-ldap.txt

I use:
FreeBSD djdomics.sceen.net 6.0-STABLE FreeBSD 6.0-STABLE #5: Thu Jan
12 00:18:18 CET 2006
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/DJDOMICS  i386

According to nsswitch.conf(5)
The default criteria is to return on ``success'', and continue on any-
thing else (i.e, [success=return notfound=continue unavail=continue
tryagain=continue]).

Why FreeBSD tries to use ldap database if my user system is on files ?
Thanks for the help.

Regards.
--
There's this old saying: "Give a man a fish, feed him for a day. Teach
a man to fish, feed him for life."
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Re: 6.0 for nfsd ?

[Kris Kennaway]

On Thu, Jan 19, 2006 at 12:52:26AM +0100, Albert Shih wrote:
> Hi all
> 
> I known that's a question come 1000 times when there are a new release...
> 
> I must re-install my nfs server (actually run under FreeBSD 4.7 perfectly).
> 
> I want to install FreeBSD 6.0-stable or FreeBSD 6.0-Release because on the
> www.freebsd.org this tag is ?Production...?. But is it a good idea ? Maybe
> FreeBSD 5.4-Release is enough ?
> 
> What's adavantage can I've to install FreeBSD 6.0 instead 5.x ? (The only
> thing I want is the best performance AND best stability for...nfs).

6.0 should perform much better than 5.4 for this task.  It is also
more stable than 5.4-RELEASE in general.

Kris


pgpPVj1tWhd4g.pgp
Description: PGP signature

Re: About VFS locking strategy...

[Kris Kennaway]

On Thu, Jan 19, 2006 at 08:43:55AM +0900, Shin,Hee-Sub wrote:
> Hi all. 
> 
>  
> 
> I'm speluking with source code of FreeBSD now, comparing VFS of FBSD and
> the linux's. 
> 
>  
> 
> I have a question related with concurrent accesses to the file system. It
> is seemed that VFS locks and unlocks each VNODEs before calling VNODE OPS
> provided by underlying FS. For example, it calls vn_lock(vp, ...) before
> jumps to VOP_READ() in vn_read(). 
> 
>  
> 
> WindowsCE kernel also has a component that is responsible for switching FS
> requests to appropriate file-system underlying and similar with VFS of many
> UNIX variants, but it's not perfectly same. In WindowsCE world, file system
> driver code can be called on re-entry and file system programmer should
> keep this in mind. The manager does not manage any synchronization problems
> that can be occurred when multiple threads access to the file system. It
> has only a few locks for protecting its own data structures. 
> 
>  
> 
> How does it manage synchronization problems in the VFS of FreeBSD? 
> 
>  
> 
> Please give me a detailed description about lock strategy the FreeBSD uses. 

This question might be too general to get any replies, but it would
still be better asked on fs@ or [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Kris

pgpXpnaW4x5Vg.pgp
Description: PGP signature

mencoder/mplayer slower on freebsd 6.0-amd64

[Tsu-Fan Cheng]

Hi,
   I don't know if this is related, but I noticed that, when I run "mkxvcd"
under amd64, it takes longer time to finish a movie conversion. I didn't do
a side-by-side comparison between amd64 and i386 system, but usually a job
will take less than an hour to finish on i386 would take more than that
(usually like 2 hours) on the amd64.
   mkxvcd calls up mplayer/mencoder to do the conversion, while running the
command, it prompted:
[code]
mplayer: could not connect to socket
mplayer: Socket operation on non-socket
[/code]
is this the problem?

TFC
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Re: How to tell if IPF is running?

[Peter]

--- Erik Norgaard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Gable Barber wrote:
> > On 1/18/06, Peter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >>
> >> Switch over to pf.
> >>
> > Why do you suggest PF over IPF?
> > 
> > Hope I am not starting a war here.. but I am genuinely interested in
> the
> > opinions.
> 
> I used IPF on FBSD until there was some bug in IPF for 5.x some version 
> that forced me to switch after an upgrade. The bug has been fixed since 
> but I have found no reason to go back.
> 
> There are two things I miss from IPF:
> 
> a) proper accounting: You can't count traffic correctly with stateful 
> filtering on pf, pf will count when a rule is matched but once a state 
> is established packets for that state are not matched and hence not
> counted.

That's not true.






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Re: 64 Bit Questions

[Giorgos Keramidas]

On 2006-01-18 17:40, Anthony Dematteo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I have a couple questions about the AMD64 Project.
>
> 1.  They page mentions that there is multiprocessor support.  Does
> this include the dual core processors?  Will the OS dispatch processes
> and threads to each core?

Not sure if I'm the right person to answer this in great technical
detail, but I think the answer is 'yes' to both questions.

> 2.  While the OS will use the 64 bit mode, will the applications still
> run in the compatibly mode?

Not necessarily.  By default the "base system" and any applications you
compile yourself will be 64-bit too.  The installed compiler and
toolchain support building 32-bit binaries too, if you manually compile
things yourself, but you don't have to if you don't feel like doing it.

> Will the applications still only use 32 bits.

No, 64-bit applications can use the full 64-bit address range.

> 3. Also, will the OS take advantage of being 64 bit and load itself
> into memory higher than the 32 bit addressable mark so that my 32 bit
> applications can use the lower part?

I'm not sure if I understand the question correctly, but why does the
specific 'place' in the virtual 64-bit address space matter to an
application?  Some may argue that depending on such low level
information is broken behavior and should be fixed in the application.

> 4. If I enable 64 bit compilation on GCC prior to installing a port,
> will the port then be 64 bit enabled?

Ports do not support cross-compiling, as far as I know.  If you build on
a 64-bit machine, you get 64-bit binaries.  If you build on a 32-bit
machine, you get 32-bit binaries.

> 5. If I stall an IDE and write my own applications on a 64 bit
> machine, can a 32 bit machine still run them?

No.  The 64-bit binaries refer to registers, addresses and other parts
of the 64-bit architecture that are not available in 32-bit hardware.

The other way around works fine though.  The 64-bit versions of FreeBSD
include 32-bit libraries and runtime support too, so you can run 32-bit
binaries seamlessly.  In fact, this is exactly what enabled me to run a
32-bit binary of CMUCL, and experiment with LISP now that I've started
learning about it:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/keramida$ uname -v
FreeBSD 7.0-CURRENT #0: Mon Jan 16 17:28:28 EET 2006 \
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/build/obj/home/build/src/sys/FLAME

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/keramida$ which lisp
/usr/local/bin/lisp

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/keramida$ file `!!`
file `which lisp`
/usr/local/bin/lisp: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, \
version 1 (FreeBSD), for FreeBSD 6.0 (600100), \
dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/keramida$ lisp
; Loading #P"/home/keramida/init.lisp".
CMU Common Lisp 19c Release (19C), running on flame.pc
With core: /usr/local/lib/cmucl/lib/lisp.core
Dumped on: Wed, 2005-11-30 01:04:28+02:00 on boomerang
See  for support information.
Loaded subsystems:
Python 1.1, target Intel x86
CLOS based on Gerd's PCL 2004/04/14 03:32:47
*

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Re: again canon printer trouble

[ivan . roth]

Michal Mertl wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>>Ok, two short questions.
>>
>>-Is someone able to translate this for me (seems to be Czech)?
>>  http://www.abclinuxu.cz/hardware/show/65412;jsessionid=10vmgmw8u8l16
>>
>>-May my problem be due to acpi in any way? I don't know acpi either. But may
try
>>something like debug.acpi.disabled="isa" in /boot/device.hints. Good or bad
idea
>>?
>
>
> Hello. I am Czech. The page talks about using the printer under Linux.
> Canon provides drivers for it. I don't know if they can be used because
> I don't know the CUPS much. If the driver/filter program is (can be)
> invoked manually, you could probably use it with FreeBSD native CUPS. If
> not you can possibly run Linux CUPS and print to it even from FreeBSD
> native applications. If the program directly communicates with the
> printer you may be out of luck because you don't run Linux kernel and
> the emulation may not be complete in these low-level areas.
>
> I didn't see your original post but printing issue can not be caused by
> ACPI unless the interface for printing doesn't work at all. If for
> example you use USB connection to the printer and something else USB
> works, than ACPI can't be at fault.
>
> HTH
>
> Michal
>
>
>

Hi Michal,

Definetely this ML should be read at least by czech people. Others are welcome
for sure. Thanks a million for your translation and re-explanation.

I am going to test in that way tomorrow. Of course, I still do not understand
why I cannot print directly with > /dev/lpt0.

About acpi, I told that because I have ppc0: 
port 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on acpi0 in dmesg and all the examples I saw had isa
instead of acpi. Any idea? Is it normal?

Thanks again Michal.

-- 
Regards, Ivan
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Re: 64 Bit Questions

[Albert Shih]

 Le 18/01/2006 à 17:40:00-0500, Anthony Dematteo a écrit
> I have a couple questions about the AMD64 Project.
> 
> 1.  They page mentions that there is multiprocessor support.  Does
> this include the dual core processors?  Will the OS dispatch processes
> and threads to each core?

I only can answer this question :

I've try to install FreeBSD 6.0-Release AMD64 on dual opteron 275 (dual core).

Everething work fine and we have 4 proc in the OS. 

Unfortunaly I do not have the chance to launch 4 big process to see the
thread performance. For example I known on dual-core PowerPC Apple
Macintosh 
time(4 x proccess)=time(1x process) [For the same process of course)


Regards.


--
Albert SHIH
Universite de Paris 7 (Denis DIDEROT)
U.F.R. de Mathematiques.
Heure local/Local time:
Thu Jan 19 00:52:28 CET 2006
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6.0 for nfsd ?

[Albert Shih]

Hi all

I known that's a question come 1000 times when there are a new release...

I must re-install my nfs server (actually run under FreeBSD 4.7 perfectly).

I want to install FreeBSD 6.0-stable or FreeBSD 6.0-Release because on the
www.freebsd.org this tag is «Production...». But is it a good idea ? Maybe
FreeBSD 5.4-Release is enough ?

What's adavantage can I've to install FreeBSD 6.0 instead 5.x ? (The only
thing I want is the best performance AND best stability for...nfs).

Lots of thanks.


--
Albert SHIH
Universite de Paris 7 (Denis DIDEROT)
U.F.R. de Mathematiques.
Heure local/Local time:
Thu Jan 19 00:48:56 CET 2006
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About VFS locking strategy...

[Shin,Hee-Sub]

Hi all. 

 

I'm speluking with source code of FreeBSD now, comparing VFS of FBSD and
the linux's. 

 

I have a question related with concurrent accesses to the file system. It
is seemed that VFS locks and unlocks each VNODEs before calling VNODE OPS
provided by underlying FS. For example, it calls vn_lock(vp, ...) before
jumps to VOP_READ() in vn_read(). 

 

WindowsCE kernel also has a component that is responsible for switching FS
requests to appropriate file-system underlying and similar with VFS of many
UNIX variants, but it's not perfectly same. In WindowsCE world, file system
driver code can be called on re-entry and file system programmer should
keep this in mind. The manager does not manage any synchronization problems
that can be occurred when multiple threads access to the file system. It
has only a few locks for protecting its own data structures. 

 

How does it manage synchronization problems in the VFS of FreeBSD? 

 

Please give me a detailed description about lock strategy the FreeBSD uses. 

 

 

Thanks in advance. 

Charlie

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Re: loosing hair inside canon printer...

[ivan . roth]

Chris Hill wrote:
> On Wed, 18 Jan 2006, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>> This said, I have this in dmesg:
>
>
> [snip]
>
>> Probing for PnP devices on ppbus0:
>> ppbus0:  PRINTER BJL,BJRaster3,BSCCe
>
>
> [snip]
>
>> simple question: how freebsd know about the name of my printer?
>
>
> I imagine FreeBSD queries the parallel port to see what's there
> ("Probing..."), and then the printer responds with the information
> displayed above.
>
>> # chkprintcap
>> chkprintcap: WARNING: found 1 entries when skimming /etc/printcap
>> chkprintcap: WARNING: but only found 0 queues to process!
>
>
> Could it be there is no spool directory? There should be something like
>   :sd=/var/spool/output/lpd:
> in /etc/printcap; make sure that directory exists.
>
> Also, is lpd running? What output does
>   ps -aux | grep lpd
> produce? The simplest way to run lpd is to put the following in
> /etc/rc.conf:
>
> lpd_enable="YES"# Run the line printer daemon.
>
> Hope this helps.
>
> --
> Chris Hill   [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> ** [ Busy Expunging <|> ]
>
>
Hi Chris,

Thanks for replying.
I got lpd_enable="YES", and lpd is running. I have the directory in
/etc/printcap created, and permissions are ok on it. I even tried to change my
printer's name (but I let lp as an alias I think it is mandatory for at least
the first printer, and I changed the directory in the sd variable in
/etc/printcap.

no change.

by the way, thanks for trying. Any other idea ?

-- 
Regards, Ivan.
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RE: freebsd 6.0 rc.conf

[fbsd_user]

You are looking for this

sendmail_enable="NONE"


-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of David
Stanford
Sent: Wednesday, January 18, 2006 3:04 PM
To: ann kok
Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: freebsd 6.0 rc.conf


ann kok,

Here  are some
instructions on
uninstalling Sendmail.

-David

On 1/18/06, ann kok <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Hi all
>
> I have 2 questons about rc.conf
>
> 1/ I want to stop sendmail running in the box. in the
> man page in rc.sendmail. it said to put the following
> in rc.conf. "to completely prevent any snedmail(8)
> daemons from starting. but my sendmail is still
> running in the box!
>
> sendmail_enable="NO"
> sendmail_submit_enable="NO"
> sendmail_outbound_enable="NO"
> sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"
>
> 2/ When I put quagga_flags="start" in rc.conf, the box
> is in boot process and seems to not in logon prompt.
>
> but I remove quagga_flags="start" in rc.conf, the box
> is in the logon prompt
>
> Why?
>
> Thank you for your help
>
> defaultrouter="NO"
> quagga_enable="YES"
> quagga_daemons="zebra bgpd"
> quagga_flags="start"
> router_enable="NO"
>
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Re: loosing hair inside canon printer...

[Chris Hill]

On Wed, 18 Jan 2006, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


This said, I have this in dmesg:


[snip]


Probing for PnP devices on ppbus0:
ppbus0:  PRINTER BJL,BJRaster3,BSCCe


[snip]


simple question: how freebsd know about the name of my printer?


I imagine FreeBSD queries the parallel port to see what's there 
("Probing..."), and then the printer responds with the information 
displayed above.



# chkprintcap
chkprintcap: WARNING: found 1 entries when skimming /etc/printcap
chkprintcap: WARNING: but only found 0 queues to process!


Could it be there is no spool directory? There should be something like
  :sd=/var/spool/output/lpd:
in /etc/printcap; make sure that directory exists.

Also, is lpd running? What output does
  ps -aux | grep lpd
produce? The simplest way to run lpd is to put the following in 
/etc/rc.conf:


lpd_enable="YES"# Run the line printer daemon.

Hope this helps.

--
Chris Hill   [EMAIL PROTECTED]
** [ Busy Expunging <|> ]
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64 Bit Questions

[Anthony Dematteo]

I have a couple questions about the AMD64 Project.

1.  They page mentions that there is multiprocessor support.  Does
this include the dual core processors?  Will the OS dispatch processes
and threads to each core?

2.  While the OS will use the 64 bit mode, will the applications still
run in the compatibly mode?  Will the applications still only use 32
bits.

3. Also, will the OS take advantage of being 64 bit and load itself
into memory higher than the 32 bit addressable mark so that my 32 bit
applications can use the lower part?

4. If I enable 64 bit compilation on GCC prior to installing a port,
will the port then be 64 bit enabled?

5. If I stall an IDE and write my own applications on a 64 bit
machine, can a 32 bit machine still run them?


Thank you in advance for your response and time.

Anthony DeMatteo
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Re: Why I haven't device /dev/cd0

[Malachi de Ælfweald]

If you look at /etc/fstab it should show you which device is assigned to
/cdrom
in my case (DVD+RW-DL), it is /dev/acd0
Since you have that device, that is probably yours as well.

I wouldn't be surprised if you could simply:
mount /cdrom


Malachi


On 1/18/06, cblasius <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Hello !
>
> I want to use DVD+RW. I looked in handbook and I saw there:
>
> http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/creating-dvds.html
>
> >>16.7.5 Using a DVD+RW
> >>
> >>Unlike CD-RW, a virgin DVD+RW needs to be formatted before first use.
> >>The growisofs(1) program will take care of it automatically whenever
> >>appropriate, which is the recommended way. However you can use the
> >>dvd+rw-format command to format the DVD+RW:
> >>
> >># dvd+rw-format /dev/cd0
>
> It is a mistake?
> In my folder /dev/ I have only the following devices for DVD:
> /dev/acd0
> and this (I do not remember exactly it name)
> /dev/acd0t01
>
> Where is /dev/cd0?
>
> I want to format my DVD, but when I use:
> # dvd+rw-format /dev/acd0
> then I obtain error about something inappropriate ioctl.
>
> Please for help. I'm beginner in FreeBSD.
> I try format DVD+RW and then want to use for packet writing.
> Is it possible?
>
> Best regards,
> cblasius
>
>
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Dick Davies]

On 18/01/06, Danial Thom <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> --- Dick Davies <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > On 18/01/06, Danial Thom
> > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

(actually, no he didn't. your mail clients quoting is insane)

(some guy:)
> > > > >  Microsoft pays hardware manufacturers to make drivers for their OS,

(me:)
> > > > I seriously doubt it. They don't need to with their market share.

(danial:)
> > > Ok, what do you guys live in a shoe or something?

> > > MS doesn't have to "pay" vendors, you toad.

(me:)
> > Did you read what I just typed Daniel?
> > Because you're coming across as a bit of an
> > ignorant twat.

(danial:)
> Sorry, but I find it impossible that people don't
> know that vendors pay microsoft to write drivers.

Maybe he meant 'it pays to write drivers for MS' or
something? I didn't feel the need to call him names over it.

> And you clearly weren't certain of your answer.

Yeah, I probably should have said something about
his mother to help clarify things. sheesh :)



--
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vidcontrol does not give mode more 800x600

[Андрей]

FreeBSD version: 6.0-RELEASE #0
video card: Nvidia Geforce4 MX 440 64M

Kernel contains:
  devicevga
  deviceagp
  options   VESA
  options   SC_PIXEL_MODE


when start on vmware `vidcontrol -i mode` list mode before 1920x1440
when start on real hardware `vidcontrol -i mode` list mode only before 800x600

tried to add 'options VGA_WIDTH90' in kernel
tried to install driver nvidia
in internet on this subject nothing have not found

even connected other monitor :)



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Re: Foreign language posts (was: Pooomooocyyyy ;()

[Leonard Zettel]

On Wednesday 18 January 2006 03:25 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> >Wekk op n smehl da Kaffe, dood!
> >Effn ah kaint reed et, how dew ah no et
> >aint L kadeh plennen to rep muh guhrl?
> >bee jes lahk duh bestads ta yoose Politch!
> >  -LenZ-
>
> C'est du Klingon ??

Not Klingon; Mercan, my native tongue.
Maybe the spelling could use a little work though:-)
  -LenZ-

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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Tim Greening-Jackson]

On Tue, 2006-01-17 at 18:15 +0100, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> What is the essential difference
> between FreeBSD and Linux (Fedora for instance)?

I have been following this thread (and similar ones over the past few
weeks) and would like to offer my perspective on the "FreeBSD versus
Linux" discussion. FWIW, this isn't a troll, so my apologies if it
upsets some of the more precious people on this list (and having read
the list for the past couple of months you are definitely out there).

To explain some background, I used/administered/programmed under Unix
throughout the 1980s and 1990s (SysVR3, BSD4.2, Ultrix...), and I have
been using Linux (RedHat/Fedora) for the past couple of years. I have
recently been using/evaluating FreeBSD. I have no particular axe to
grind in favour of either system.

It's reasonable to assume that the sorts of people asking a question
like "what's the difference..." or "which is better..." aren't
designing brand-new top-end data centres. They are a lot more likely
to be contemplating a move from MS Windows or perhaps have dabbled
with Linux and are curious. I would also suggest that a better
question than "what's better" is "what is more appropriate".

So, that preamble out of the way, my $0.02 is this. The distinction
"Linux is a kernel; FreeBSD is an O/S" is - frankly - the sort of
jesuitical sophistry that gets UseNet a bad name. The important things
are:


EASE OF USE AND INSTALLATION

Linux is a much, much easier system to install and configure. No
contest. Stick the disks in, it'll pretty much recognise any
sound-card and video interface and will work out of the box without
pissing about configuring X-windows or recompiling the kernel. I'm
sure if you persevere for long enough with FreeBSD it's possible to
get a quite usable desktop, with most of the applications that come
bundled with a release of Linux. The FreeBSD installation process is
like some sort of time-warp back to the 1980s.

The argument that "most FreeBSD installations are server, so don't
require mice etc." is a circular/self-fulfilling one. People - frankly
- aren't going to be bothered messing around getting FreeBSD
working. Get used to it.


COMMUNITY

The Linux community is much larger than the FreeBSD one. I have noted
certain comments in this mailing list about wanting to stay "select",
like some sort of digital Albania. To be honest, it's highly likely
that your wish will come true.

Fortunately there is this mailing list. And a couple of books,
although when I went to my local bookstores (large ones, with big
sections on computing) each had an entire shelf of Linux books, but
none on FreeBSD. Thank goodness for Amazon, so I could get Lehey -
which is excellent.

The relative size of the communities means two things: there's much
more support for Linux and also more applications are ready for
Linux. Just like if I compare Linux with Windows. This list relies on
a small number of dedicated experts who are generous enough with their
time to answer a lot of questions over and over again. However, the
FreeBSD community resembles some sort of religious cult at times. If
FreeBSD wants to be anything other than a small footnote in the
history of computing then it needs to engage a bit more with the
99.99% of the world who neither know - nor care - what it is; and who
regard re-compiling a kernel as less of a God-given right and more of
a tedious chore.


HARDWARE SUPPORT

I'd have to say that the hardware support in FreeBSD is probably
better than that in Linux. Certainly it is on the hardware I've
tested. But, for most people it's still a pain.


SERVER APPLICATIONS

All the tests I have done, and all I have read suggests that FreeBSD
is superb for server applications. Once I have convinced myself of its
support for SMB and a couple of other things, then it is highly likely
I will be migrating my own servers over to FreeBSD: that's the best
recommendation you can get.


DESKTOP APPLICATIONS

I love FreeBSD's pkg_add etc. and the ports collection is quite
cool. But, pretty much all the stuff I want to port or add is there in
most Linux distros. Lots of stuff also just doesn't work out of the
box like it should. I have to force pkg_add to do strange stuff or
there are other strange dependencies.

If you're prepared to work on it, then you can get most applications
running on FreeBSD, but it's still easier on Linux.


SUMMARY

IF you are prepared to work on it, FreeBSD looks like a great server
operating system. If you're just an ordinary joe who wants a
Unix-style OS then Linux is much easier to install, configure etc.,
has more desktop type applications which work first time etc.

If you are building a data-centre which requires highly available
servers then FreeBSD is better than Linux. But if you are in that sort
of market you already know that, and are probably intending to wait a
couple of months until Solaris goes open-source.



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Re: Why I haven't device /dev/cd0

[Mike Jeays]

On Wed, 2006-01-18 at 21:53 +0100, cblasius wrote:
> Hello !
> 
> I want to use DVD+RW. I looked in handbook and I saw there:
> http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/creating-dvds.html
> 
>  >>16.7.5 Using a DVD+RW
>  >>
>  >>Unlike CD-RW, a virgin DVD+RW needs to be formatted before first use. 
>  >>The growisofs(1) program will take care of it automatically whenever 
>  >>appropriate, which is the recommended way. However you can use the 
>  >>dvd+rw-format command to format the DVD+RW:
>  >>
>  >># dvd+rw-format /dev/cd0
> 
> It is a mistake?
> In my folder /dev/ I have only the following devices for DVD:
> /dev/acd0
> and this (I do not remember exactly it name)
> /dev/acd0t01
> 
> Where is /dev/cd0?
> 
> I want to format my DVD, but when I use:
> # dvd+rw-format /dev/acd0
> then I obtain error about something inappropriate ioctl.
> 
> Please for help. I'm beginner in FreeBSD.
> I try format DVD+RW and then want to use for packet writing.
> Is it possible?
> 
> Best regards,
> cblasius
> 
> 
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You need to add one line ("device atapicam") to the kernel config file
and recompile the kernel to enable access to CD and DVD devices
through /dev/cd0

See section 16.6.9 in the Handbook, and also section 8 for recompiling a
kernel.

Installing K3B will provide a NERO-like GUI interface for burning CDs,
should you prefer to do it that way.

Nowhere near as hard as it sounds!


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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Danial Thom]

--- Dick Davies <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On 18/01/06, Danial Thom
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> > > >  Microsoft pays hardware manufacturers to
> > > > make drivers for their OS,
> > >
> > > I seriously doubt it. They don't need to
> with
> > > their market share.
> 
> > Ok, what do you guys live in a shoe or
> something?
> 
> > MS doesn't have to "pay" vendors, you toad.
> 
> Did you read what I just typed Daniel?
> Because you're coming across as a bit of an
> ignorant twat.

Sorry, but I find it impossible that people don't
know that vendors pay microsoft to write drivers.
And you clearly weren't certain of your answer.

DT



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Re: Why I haven't device /dev/cd0

[Fabian Keil]

cblasius <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I want to use DVD+RW. I looked in handbook and I saw there:
> http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/creating-dvds.html
> 
>  >>16.7.5 Using a DVD+RW
>  >>
>  >>Unlike CD-RW, a virgin DVD+RW needs to be formatted before first
>  >>use. The growisofs(1) program will take care of it automatically
>  >>whenever appropriate, which is the recommended way. However you
>  >>can use the dvd+rw-format command to format the DVD+RW:
>  >>
>  >># dvd+rw-format /dev/cd0
> 
> It is a mistake?
> In my folder /dev/ I have only the following devices for DVD:
> /dev/acd0
> and this (I do not remember exactly it name)
> /dev/acd0t01
> 
> Where is /dev/cd0?

You probably didn't read chapter "16.7.2 Configuration"
on the same page.

If you're using 6.0 you can

kldload atapicam.ko

and the "missing" device should appear.

Fabian
-- 
http://www.fabiankeil.de/


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Description: PGP signature

Re: I have been hacked (WAS: Have I been hacked or is nmap wrong?)

[Will Maier]

On Wed, Jan 18, 2006 at 05:38:50PM +0200, Kilian Hagemann wrote:
> On Wednesday 18 January 2006 16:25, Will Maier pondered:
> > On Wed, Jan 18, 2006 at 03:56:32PM +0200, Kilian Hagemann wrote:
> > > I have never even heard of "frox" before, but after some
> > > googling it turns out that it's a GPL'ed transparent ftp
> > > proxy...
> >
> > Where's it pointing?
> 
> No idea, I only went as far as trying to login anonymously using a
> console based ftp client. How could I find out?

Connect to it and watch the packets in tcpdump(8) or similar. this
may not give you the full answer, but it'll help. What banners do
the FTP servers have? Is there a domain listed? Who owns that
domain?

> > What do you see when you connect to the SMTP ports? Are they
> > really mail servers, or just rogue services running on 25?
> 
> They are really mail servers, at least smtp for outgoing mails
> (don't know about incoming though). I used kmail to configure them
> as standard outgoing smtp mail servers and successfully sent
> myself two emails, one via each server. Surely a default, out of
> the box, unconfigured and sendmail_enable="None" sendmail process
> wouldn't allow for something like that, never mind the fact that
> the firewall is supposed to block ANY access from the outside
> (output of ipfw show is attached)

So these are running, functioning sendmail servers that /you/ didn't
configure (on purpose)? What do you see when you 'talk' to them via
nc(1)? If you're firewall was dropping incoming packets destined to
those ports, you wouldn't have been able to send a mail through
them (or connect on 25 with nc(1))...

> Well, I didn't worry about samba because it's firewalled to the
> outside(unless some Windows virus on one of the LAN machines
> exploited a samba hole, is that likely?). 

I don't know Samba that well, but it's possible it could be
exploited (check the web for recent advisories pertaining to it).
How much do you trust the users on the 'green' side? Could one of
their boxes have been compromised and then used as a platform to
attack your border servers? This sort of (nightmare) scenario is why
people have been whining about 'defense in depth' for the last few
years; it turns out that your crunchy, impermeable outside actually
can be as squishy as your inside.

> There is only one single normal user account with an uncommon name
> and an impossible password(16 characters randomly generated from
> ASCII charset).  ChallengeResponseAuthentication is commented out
> in sshd which I guess means it uses the standard PAM
> authentication. It also allows password/interactive authentication
> in addition to public key, I always use the former. I do admit
> that I have set "PermitRootLogin yes" but my root password is 9
> characters with numbers and non-alphanumeric characters, so hard
> to brute-force.

Having a kickass, long username with an 'impossible' 16 char
password and an open root account with a password 9 chars long is
like putting a heavy steel door on a cardboard box. Allowing
PermitRootLogin is a mistake in almost every scenario; disable it in
the next generation of your servers (if possible). It's a 'weakest
link' sort of situation, I guess.

> In any case, it's important to note that the only access from the
> outside via ssh/rsync is firewalled in such a way that it only
> allows access from a single IP address which my institution
> assigns me statically via DHCP (see attachment). 

That's good.

> They would have had to a) find out what this one and only trusted
> IP address is b) spoof it successfully c) attack ssh brute force?

Assuming the firewall works, they would certainly have to complete
steps a, b and c; unless, that is, they compromised /your/ box, too.
Unlikely, though, I suspect.

> Well, I thought my setup was secure enough for a very basic
> router/gateway/firewall for a couple of Windows machines using a
> sucky internet connection which is not worth stealing. 

Unfortunately, the asset you should be protecting might not be your
bandwidth or data or whatever it is you've been assuming. When you
set up a firewall, you're protecting something -- in your case, what
is it? Have you defined that for yourself? It's hard to do a good
job defending something you haven't or can't define. While it
probably sounds pedantic or silly, take a moment to ask yourself
what it is you want to protect. If there are several things, rank
them by priority. _Then_ go about designing a defense. Securing your
stuff may not be a terribly high priority at all; if so, accept the
fact that something bad will happen once in a while. Your security
plan might just be "deal with it when the shit hits the fan." No
problem. That can make sense. Having clarified that for yourself,
though, makes things easier.

> So I didn't go through the effort of using a file integrity
> monitor, remote logging, traffic dumps or network monitors (jeez,
> sysadmins lives are really difficult these days :-( ) 

Like I said above, those s

Why I haven't device /dev/cd0

[cblasius]

Hello !

I want to use DVD+RW. I looked in handbook and I saw there:
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/creating-dvds.html

>>16.7.5 Using a DVD+RW
>>
>>Unlike CD-RW, a virgin DVD+RW needs to be formatted before first use. 
>>The growisofs(1) program will take care of it automatically whenever 
>>appropriate, which is the recommended way. However you can use the 
>>dvd+rw-format command to format the DVD+RW:

>>
>># dvd+rw-format /dev/cd0

It is a mistake?
In my folder /dev/ I have only the following devices for DVD:
/dev/acd0
and this (I do not remember exactly it name)
/dev/acd0t01

Where is /dev/cd0?

I want to format my DVD, but when I use:
# dvd+rw-format /dev/acd0
then I obtain error about something inappropriate ioctl.

Please for help. I'm beginner in FreeBSD.
I try format DVD+RW and then want to use for packet writing.
Is it possible?

Best regards,
cblasius


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Re: no one here use restore/dump?

[Jerry McAllister]

> 
> >> ___
> >
> >
> > Huh? I do. I'm sure a lot of people do.
> >
> strange that nobody answerem by questions. it's quite impossible that 
> only i have such problems.

What question?
No real question was asked.
What do you want to know?

Lots of people use dump/restore, some occasionaly, some regularly.

jerry

> 
> 
> i really must be sure my dumps are restorable! :)
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> 

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Re: freebsd 6.0 rc.conf

[David Stanford]

ann kok,

Here  are some instructions on
uninstalling Sendmail.

-David

On 1/18/06, ann kok <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Hi all
>
> I have 2 questons about rc.conf
>
> 1/ I want to stop sendmail running in the box. in the
> man page in rc.sendmail. it said to put the following
> in rc.conf. "to completely prevent any snedmail(8)
> daemons from starting. but my sendmail is still
> running in the box!
>
> sendmail_enable="NO"
> sendmail_submit_enable="NO"
> sendmail_outbound_enable="NO"
> sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"
>
> 2/ When I put quagga_flags="start" in rc.conf, the box
> is in boot process and seems to not in logon prompt.
>
> but I remove quagga_flags="start" in rc.conf, the box
> is in the logon prompt
>
> Why?
>
> Thank you for your help
>
> defaultrouter="NO"
> quagga_enable="YES"
> quagga_daemons="zebra bgpd"
> quagga_flags="start"
> router_enable="NO"
>
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Re: create/symlink failed, no inodes free

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

On 1/18/06, progerstis (sent by Nabble.com) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>
> The same error appeared frequently when I tried to install FreeBSD on an
> 8.5GB partition. Apparently it was because the root partition was running
> out of space. So instead of using the auto-option to divide up and create
> the different (logical?) partitions I created one root partition that is
> 8000MB and a swap partition that is ~500MB.


I've discovered that in having a small root partition (<300M)
on can be well served by setting
newfs -i
to some uncommonly low value, such as 2048 or 1024.
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accounting - question on "core usage"

[Jan Srzednicki]

Hello,

In the sa(8) manpage, I can find that it prints out somewhat mysterious
values:

 k  CPU-time averaged core usage, in 1k units

 k*sec  CPU storage integral, in 1k-core seconds

How are these values calculated and what do they really tell me? I know
they're somehow related to the memory usage.

-- 
Jan Srzednicki
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Re: PAE causing system crashes

[Michael Barnett]

Nopers.  No nfs... nothing at all fancy with the drives except the raid.

-m

On Jan 18, 2006, at 7:03 AM, Ted Wisniewski wrote:

You weren't by chance also using NFS?   I was, all my other 5.x  
systems did
not use NFS and are stable.  I saw this same behavior and wound up  
going back

to 4.11 to keep the system stable.

Ted

On Tuesday 17 January 2006 03:17 pm, Michael Barnett wrote:

To ammend this slightly..  When running the PAE kernel, they will
stay online indefinitely under little to no load.  It is only when i
want them to actually work will they freak out and reboot.

-m

On Jan 17, 2006, at 1:47 PM, Michael Barnett wrote:

I have 3 dell machines with 2x xeon procs, 8G of ram, and a half
terabyte raid 5.  I attempted to run the AMD64 distribution on
these boxes which was fine for everything except mysql, (which is
all these boxes are going to do) so I reinstalled 5.4 i386.

uname -a  looks like (hostname obscured):

FreeBSD myhost.mydomain.com 5.4-RELEASE-p9 FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE-p9
#2: Mon Jan 16 23:27:12 PST 2006 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/
obj/usr/src/sys/SMP-PAE  i386


My problem is, if i don't enable PAE in the kernel, i can only
address half the ram in the boxes, but... the machines are stable.

If i do enable PAE, i can address all the memory, but they randomly
reboot without dumping any errors or logging.

To enable PAE, i am building and booting off the following kernel
config:


include PAE

ident   SMP-PAE

options SMP
options KVA_PAGES=512


I added the KVA_PAGES options hoping to stabilize the machine
(doesn't seem to have made any difference.)  The only other tuning
i am doing at the moment is in loader.conf:


kern.maxdsiz="2147483648"# Set the max data size


When i boot without PAE I use the generic SMP kernel, and the
machine is stable.

I know that there are a number of other kernel tunables i could be
tweaking, but I am not really sure where to start as the machine
dies silently.  I was hoping that someone who has run a stable PAE
kernel with 8G of ram + could point me in the right direction.

Thanks,

-Michael
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--
| Ted WisniewskiE-Mail:  
[EMAIL PROTECTED]|
| Manager, Systems GroupWEB:http://oz.plymouth.edu/ 
~ted/ |

| Information Technology Services|
| Plymouth State University Phone:  (603)  
535-2661   |
| Plymouth NH, 03264Fax:(603)  
535-2263   |


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Re: PAE causing system crashes

[Kris Kennaway]

On Wed, Jan 18, 2006 at 08:03:44AM -0500, Ted Wisniewski wrote:
> You weren't by chance also using NFS?   I was, all my other 5.x systems did 
> not use NFS and are stable.  I saw this same behavior and wound up going back 
> to 4.11 to keep the system stable.

Hmm, I didn't notice the 5.4 somehow.  Try using 6.0 instead - many
important bugs fixed, not to mention the performance improvements.

Kris

P.S. Don't top-post


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Re: KDE3 install problem n solution (BUG ????)

[Aftab Jahan Subedar]

At 03:56 AM 1/18/2006, Mike Hernandez wrote:

On  Wed, Jan 18, 2006 at 04:04:10AM +0600, Aftab Jahan Subedar wrote:
>   Installing & compiling KDE3 in 4.7 had problem in line 275 of
> 
/usr/ports/x11/kdebase3/work/kdebase-3.4.3/kcontrol/usbview/usbdevices.cpp

>

Not ready for 3.5 yet are you?

Mike


Ready but ports are not updated yet. !!!
Soon for sure.

Thanks Mike
-Jahan



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again canon printer trouble

[ivan . roth]

Ok, two short questions.

-Is someone able to translate this for me (seems to be Czech)?
  http://www.abclinuxu.cz/hardware/show/65412;jsessionid=10vmgmw8u8l16

-May my problem be due to acpi in any way? I don't know acpi either. But may try
something like debug.acpi.disabled="isa" in /boot/device.hints. Good or bad idea
?

-- 
Regards, Ivan.
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Dick Davies]

On 18/01/06, Martin Tournoy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> > So what? That's exactly the same for FreeBSD, even it's core apps.
> > And vendors rush to support MS' new OSes.

> There's a very big dump of unmaintained software, whenever I want to
> play an old "classic" game like c&c, x-com or even system shock
> 2(which is from '99) I have serious problems, and have to resort to
> emulation software (which is quite different from compat4x for
> example, which is compatibility and not emulation)

I'm not disputing that, I'm just saying rebuilding world so top still works
with a new kernel might not be that much of a leap forward.

[Incidentally, breaking backwards compatibilty was a conscious decision by MS,
according to:

   http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/APIWar.html

(briefly, they'd always tried hard to support older apps, which
is where a lot of windows 'bloat' comes from. They dropped that fairly
recently, and people (developers) are very unhappy about it)

> > Have you ever brought 4.x up to 6.x? It doesn't sound like it.

> Note that I used "much easy er" and not "easy"

:) All I'm saying is these are universal problems.

> > Try updating 200 FreeBSD boxes, then try the same with a decent
> > imaging system for windows.
>
> Shell script...?

as in: 'a simple matter of programming'? :)
My point is you need to write it, whereas you can get a supported solution
for MS off the shelf. That sort of thing matters to an IT manager/director, and
they decide the budgets.

> > > Unix is for the masses, the only problem it has is a proper user friendly 
> > > GUI.
>
> > Then it isn't for the masses. Deal with it.
>
> This really wasn't my point, what I tried to say was that UNIX isn't
> the "big user-unfriendly beast" some people like you to believe, and
> that it can serve as user-friendly desktop just as well as Windows can
> (MacOS is a good example of this)

True, but OSX doesn't expose the CLI to the same extent BSD does.
I wonder how many OSX users have subsequently started using BSD.

> > RBAC, SeLinux and MAC would indicate it's not flexible enough for
> > most people.

> Not flexible enough for some people that is, not most, every system
> has it's ups and downs, and the standard permissions work for just
> about all desktop PCs and most "hobby-servers"

But there is a need for that sort of granularity in many cases.
(I for one dislike running webservers as root just so they
can open port 80, for instance). It could be (and is) done better elsewhere,
but 'good enough' stops it becoming widespread.


> Never used Solaris so I can't say anything about their SMF, a (very)
> quick glance reminded me of linux...

check docs.sun.com when you have a spare few hours, you'll be surprised.

> Anyway, rc isn't perfect, but it works for me, it atleast makes sense...

Yeah, I much prefer it to the sysvinit nonsense .
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Re: no one here use restore/dump?

[Chuck Swiger]

Wojciech Puchar wrote:

nobody here do backups of their systems? strange?!


I backup and restore using those self-named tools on a variety of DLT and 4mm 
DAT tape drives.  4mm DDS DAT kinda sucks, and they are super-sensitive to being 
cleaned a lot.


Did you have a more specific question...?

--
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Re: no one here use restore/dump?

[Wojciech Puchar]

___



Huh? I do. I'm sure a lot of people do.

strange that nobody answerem by questions. it's quite impossible that 
only i have such problems.



i really must be sure my dumps are restorable! :)
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Multiple install

[Eric Smith]

Do you know of a drive clone that will work well with distributing freebsd
installations to multiple servers via network.
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Martin Tournoy]

Dick Davies => Sorry for sending you this mail twice, accidently
pressed enter...(shoudn't eat and write e-mails at the same time...)

> So what? That's exactly the same for FreeBSD, even it's core apps.
> And vendors rush to support MS' new OSes.

There's a very big dump of unmaintained software, whenever I want to
play an old "classic" game like c&c, x-com or even system shock
2(which is from '99) I have serious problems, and have to resort to
emulation software (which is quite different from compat4x for
example, which is compatibility and not emulation)

I've never had a problem with old software on FreeBSD, there are
probably many but much less.

> Have you ever brought 4.x up to 6.x? It doesn't sound like it.

Nope, but I've been reading this mailing list long enough to know it's
a real pain, but I'm quite sure it is possible.
Note that I used "much easy er" and not "easy"

> There are tools to solve this for windows, and there has been
> for a long time.

Yet another third-party hack?

> Try updating 200 FreeBSD boxes, then try the same with a decent
> imaging system for windows.

Shell script...?

> > Unix is for the masses, the only problem it has is a proper user friendly 
> > GUI.

> Then it isn't for the masses. Deal with it.

This really wasn't my point, what I tried to say was that UNIX isn't
the "big user-unfriendly beast" some people like you to believe, and
that it can serve as user-friendly desktop just as well as Windows can
(MacOS is a good example of this)

> It's also very outdated and has been reinvented several times.
> RBAC, SeLinux and MAC would indicate it's not flexible enough for
> most people.

Not flexible enough for some people that is, not most, every system
has it's ups and downs, and the standard permissions work for just
about all desktop PCs and most "hobby-servers"

> That's not in itself a good thing. As I understand it, the registry is a > 
> central place for storing configuration details.

More or less, however, it sucks, open regedit and browse through it
and you'll know what I mean, names are cryptic and non-descriptive,
the hierarchy doesn't make sense, and worst, it's undocumented..
Which means that hacking the registry is something similair to hacking
sendmail.cf

Editing ten diffrent files to change one thing is easyer, quicker and
leads to less heacache then changing something in the registry...

> Have a look at things like Solaris SMF and you realise that rcNG isn't > as 
> good as it could be either.

Never used Solaris so I can't say anything about their SMF, a (very)
quick glance reminded me of linux...
Anyway, rc isn't perfect, but it works for me, it atleast makes sense...
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RE: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Spiros Papadopoulos]

> -Original Message-
> From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:owner-freebsd-
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Matias
> Sent: Wednesday, January 18, 2006 3:55 PM
> To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
> Subject: Re: FreeBSD vs Linux
> 


[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


> 
> > What is the essential difference
> > between FreeBSD and Linux (Fedora for instance)?
> > Where can I find any list of differences?
> > What/Where are the advantages of FreeBSD vs Linux?

You seem to have never used FreeBSD before. The answer to this question is
huge. Your best friend is the internet (i.e. google.com) as people already
mentioned. 
For example imagine that people may understand "technical differences"!!!

Of course even if at the beginning looks like a good post to "snob", between
thousands of people this subject might have very good results.

First: Whether Linux or FreeBSD is better, is totally subjective. I can
install FreeBSD and start editing and building a custom kernel in 30 mins.
When I sit on a Slackware (pcs in uni), I can use it of course, but I found
difficult to build a custom kernel in it and to be honest before I search
too much I went back to my FreeBSD. Some commands are slightly different!
NO! I refuseAs long as it is available to me, I am sorry I want my
FreeBSD mate!
In the other hand I find knoppix the ultimate tool. The most impressing *nix
like I have ever seen! I cannot go on holidays without my knoppix cd lately!
That's because -->I<-- like it!

Second: FreeBSD is everywhere...In computing... Remember this while reading,
studying, googling for computers in the future! Now that I said googling
what about http://www.google.com/bsd 
After typing your question to google as other people recommended, I
recommend you type it to the above link too :)

Third: UNIX was before Linux.
---

I would like to ask two different questions on top of yours to complicate or
maybe make things more interesting.

Why there are many(!) Linux distos out there:
http://www.linux.org/dist/list.html 
but only one freebsd? What is stopping people from making their own UNIX
distributions, similar to FreeBSD?

What are the differences between FreeBSD and SCO UNIXR?



> > Greetings
> > Greg
> >
> > ___
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> > http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
> > To unsubscribe, send any mail to
> > "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
> 
> 
> Give a look at gentoo  it's inspired by FreeBSD, and is linux as
> well the portage system works great... and as a personal opinion: Use
> gentoo for Home / Desktop / Office use use FreeBSD For web/ftp/file/
> etc.. Servers.
> 
Just want to say that I believe freebsd can be used for a very large list of
things. Every time I perform something new using freebsd I realize that are
other, the Operating Systems that cannot do some things...or they are just
doing them really simply!

> 
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freebsd 6.0 rc.conf

[ann kok]

Hi all

I have 2 questons about rc.conf

1/ I want to stop sendmail running in the box. in the
man page in rc.sendmail. it said to put the following
in rc.conf. "to completely prevent any snedmail(8)
daemons from starting. but my sendmail is still
running in the box!

sendmail_enable="NO"
sendmail_submit_enable="NO"
sendmail_outbound_enable="NO"
sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"

2/ When I put quagga_flags="start" in rc.conf, the box
is in boot process and seems to not in logon prompt.

but I remove quagga_flags="start" in rc.conf, the box
is in the logon prompt

Why?

Thank you for your help

defaultrouter="NO"
quagga_enable="YES"
quagga_daemons="zebra bgpd"
quagga_flags="start"
router_enable="NO"

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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Nikolas Britton]

On 1/17/06, Philip Hallstrom <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > The computer is currently without keyboard, mouse or monitor.  I am
> > adding applications to the computer via ssh while I work.  As soon as I
> > get openbox and tightvnc installed, I'll switch to tightvnc so I can
> > disconnect without disrupting jobs.  (Hmm, I wonder if I'll have to add
> > a mouse or keyboard at that point.)
>
> /usr/ports/sysutils/screen
>
> Screen is a full-screen window manager that multiplexes a physical
> terminal between several processes (typically interactive shells). Each
> virtual terminal provides the functions of a DEC VT100 terminal and, in
> addition, several control functions from the ANSI X3.64 (ISO 6429) and ISO
> 2022 standards (e.g. insert/delete line and support for multiple character
> sets). There is a scrollback history buffer for each virtual terminal and
> a copy-and-paste mechanism that allows moving text regions between
> windows.

nohup foobar > ~/foobar.log& tail -f ~/foobar.log
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Re: Share desktop with XOrg

[User Gandalf]

Kilian Hagemann wrote:


On Wednesday 18 January 2006 18:08, User Gandalf pondered:
 


Is it possible to share a desktop under the XOrg server? Is there a port
for this? I'm aware of the -display option of X based programs. What I
need is not a remote desktop connection. I would like to share my
desktop to another user so he can see what I see.
   



Yes, the stock Xorg server doesn't though. You could use VNC, but in my 
experience that just opens up another X display where you login separately 
using kdm/gdm/xdm or whatever.


I suggest you use KDE's desktop sharing (krfb, in the menu under "System", 
part of the "kdenetwork" package, tested on 3.4.1). Does what you want.
 

I hoped there is a more native solution. I prefer gtk over kde but what 
can I do?

Thanks,

  Les


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Re: kernel memory tunables

[Chuck Swiger]

Michael Barnett wrote:
I am trying to figure out which system tunables determine memory  
resource usage by the amount of available physical memory in the box  so 
i can hard code sane values on a system with a lot of memory.


If the machine is properly configured, getrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, ...) is a 
reasonable starting place.  The amount of memory available to an individual 
process may well be less than the total amount of RAM installed, especially on 
32-bit machines using PAE to have more than 4GB of RAM.


Otherwise, consider using the sysctl interface to look at hw.usermem...

--
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Dick Davies]

On 18/01/06, Danial Thom <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > >  Microsoft pays hardware manufacturers to
> > > make drivers for their OS,
> >
> > I seriously doubt it. They don't need to with
> > their market share.

> Ok, what do you guys live in a shoe or something?

> MS doesn't have to "pay" vendors, you toad.

Did you read what I just typed Daniel?
Because you're coming across as a bit of an
ignorant twat.



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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Danial Thom]

 
> >  Microsoft pays hardware manufacturers to
> > make drivers for their OS,
> 
> I seriously doubt it. They don't need to with
> their market share.

Ok, what do you guys live in a shoe or something?
For pete's sake, how can so many people be so
patently clueless and still be able to find food
and shelter? Do you really have no idea how
things work? Are you really so brainwashed by the
geeky liberals that you have lost your ability to
think?

MS doesn't have to "pay" vendors, you toad.
Vendors write drivers for windows because the
market is substantial and because if they don't
write drivers no-one who runs windows will buy
their cards. Like DUH!. In fact, you have to PAY
MS to get the devkit to build drivers for
windows. 

Vendors don't write drivers for freebsd because:

1) the market is too small
2) Some don't want to release source, as they'll
lose more to taiwanese cloners than they will
make selling to 'nix users.
3) X sucks, so why risk having people badmouth
your cards?

If vendors are going to support a *nix, they'll
support linux. The market is much larger.

dt



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Re: How to tell if IPF is running?

[Gable Barber]

On 1/18/06, Erik Norgaard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Gable Barber wrote:
> > On 1/18/06, Peter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >>
> >> Switch over to pf.
> >>
> > Why do you suggest PF over IPF?
> >
> > Hope I am not starting a war here.. but I am genuinely interested in the
> > opinions.
>
> I used IPF on FBSD until there was some bug in IPF for 5.x some version
> that forced me to switch after an upgrade. The bug has been fixed since
> but I have found no reason to go back.
>
> There are two things I miss from IPF:
>
> a) proper accounting: You can't count traffic correctly with stateful
> filtering on pf, pf will count when a rule is matched but once a state
> is established packets for that state are not matched and hence not
> counted.
>
> b) an active and inactive ruleset: To load a new ruleset you'll have to
> flush everything. You can check syntax of rules before loading and pf
> loads all or nothing, so if there is a syntax error in your ruleset it
> won't be loaded. BUT: You may make syntactically correct changes that
> yet contain errors: Just say you wrote:
>
>block in all from 10.0.0.0/2
>
> but meant
>
>block in all from 10.0.0.0/24
>
> In IPF I always used:
>
># ipf -s && sleep 60 && ipf -s
>
> to give me 60 seconds to verify that I didn't lock myself out.
>
> Now, that is compensated by in PF you can flush and reload the rules
> only, keeping existing states, so the connection you use for maintenance
> is not torn down.
>
> The pros for PF are some features to prevent DDoS against servers behind
> your firewall, and advanced queuing features and CARP. The use of macros
> and tables makes it easier to maintain rules, but the lack of groups
> means you have to be more careful structuring your ruleset:
>
> Rules are read top down _always_ in IPF I really liked groups, even
> though I always kept rules together. It just made it more explicit that
> rules went the same place. PF uses some clever skip ahead to gain the
> speed that proper use of groups give in IPF, and tests have shown that
> pf is faster than IPF in particular when rulesets grow large.
>
> but you need to be careful writing rules:
>
> IPF sample:
>
> block in quick from 10.0.0.0/24 to any head 10
> pass  in quick from 10.0.0.0/24 to 192.168.0.0/24 group 10
>
> PF sample:
>
> block in   from 10.0.0.0/24 to any
> pass  in quick from 10.0.0.0/24 to 192.168.0.0/24
> block in quick from 10.0.0.0/24 to any
>
> The thing is that in the first line of the IPF sample, a default action
> is made for that group. packets matching the head rule but no rules in
> the group will take that action.
>
> In PF you'll have to include that extra rule in the end to get the same
> behavior.
>
> So, in short, ipf is really simple and comparatively easy to work with,
> the lack of macros means you generally have to write more but this also
> makes it more explicit what happens as packets traverse the ruleset.
>
> pf has some really nice features in particular in more complex setups.
> The use of macros means that you can create compact rulesets that can
> easily be adopted to other systems or setups.
>
> Use what you feel most comfortable with.
>
> Cheers, Erik
>


Awesome information, and links.

Thank you Everyone.

Gable
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Bart Silverstrim]

On Jan 18, 2006, at 10:55 AM, Matias wrote:


[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


What is the essential difference
between FreeBSD and Linux (Fedora for instance)?
Where can I find any list of differences?
What/Where are the advantages of FreeBSD vs Linux?
Greetings
Greg

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Give a look at gentoo  it's inspired by FreeBSD, and is linux as
well the portage system works great... and as a personal opinion: 
Use
gentoo for Home / Desktop / Office use use FreeBSD For 
web/ftp/file/

etc.. Servers.


What the heck? No one has mentioned how Plan 9 TROUNCES FreeBSD AND 
Linux!  In EVERYTHING! I've installed it on my notebook, my home 
server, three workstations, my Palm Pilot, telephone, coffeemaker, and 
my GE Refrigerator's ice maker.  We had a power hiccup three days ago 
and my house became sentient! 
 


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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Giorgos Keramidas]

On 2006-01-18 16:55, Matias <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> > What is the essential difference between FreeBSD and Linux (Fedora
> > for instance)?  Where can I find any list of differences?
> > What/Where are the advantages of FreeBSD vs Linux?
>
> Give a look at gentoo  it's inspired by FreeBSD, and is linux as
> well the portage system works great... and as a personal opinion: Use
> gentoo for Home / Desktop / Office use use FreeBSD For web/ftp/file/
> etc.. Servers.

Nah.  Why use something that is "BSD-like" when you can get the Real
Thing(TM) for free?

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Re: How to tell if IPF is running?

[Erik Norgaard]

Gable Barber wrote:

On 1/18/06, Peter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Switch over to pf.


Why do you suggest PF over IPF?

Hope I am not starting a war here.. but I am genuinely interested in the
opinions.


I used IPF on FBSD until there was some bug in IPF for 5.x some version 
that forced me to switch after an upgrade. The bug has been fixed since 
but I have found no reason to go back.


There are two things I miss from IPF:

a) proper accounting: You can't count traffic correctly with stateful 
filtering on pf, pf will count when a rule is matched but once a state 
is established packets for that state are not matched and hence not counted.


b) an active and inactive ruleset: To load a new ruleset you'll have to 
flush everything. You can check syntax of rules before loading and pf 
loads all or nothing, so if there is a syntax error in your ruleset it 
won't be loaded. BUT: You may make syntactically correct changes that 
yet contain errors: Just say you wrote:


  block in all from 10.0.0.0/2

but meant

  block in all from 10.0.0.0/24

In IPF I always used:

  # ipf -s && sleep 60 && ipf -s

to give me 60 seconds to verify that I didn't lock myself out.

Now, that is compensated by in PF you can flush and reload the rules 
only, keeping existing states, so the connection you use for maintenance 
is not torn down.


The pros for PF are some features to prevent DDoS against servers behind 
your firewall, and advanced queuing features and CARP. The use of macros 
and tables makes it easier to maintain rules, but the lack of groups 
means you have to be more careful structuring your ruleset:


Rules are read top down _always_ in IPF I really liked groups, even 
though I always kept rules together. It just made it more explicit that 
rules went the same place. PF uses some clever skip ahead to gain the 
speed that proper use of groups give in IPF, and tests have shown that 
pf is faster than IPF in particular when rulesets grow large.


but you need to be careful writing rules:

IPF sample:

block in quick from 10.0.0.0/24 to any head 10
pass  in quick from 10.0.0.0/24 to 192.168.0.0/24 group 10

PF sample:

block in   from 10.0.0.0/24 to any
pass  in quick from 10.0.0.0/24 to 192.168.0.0/24
block in quick from 10.0.0.0/24 to any

The thing is that in the first line of the IPF sample, a default action 
is made for that group. packets matching the head rule but no rules in 
the group will take that action.


In PF you'll have to include that extra rule in the end to get the same 
behavior.


So, in short, ipf is really simple and comparatively easy to work with, 
the lack of macros means you generally have to write more but this also 
makes it more explicit what happens as packets traverse the ruleset.


pf has some really nice features in particular in more complex setups. 
The use of macros means that you can create compact rulesets that can 
easily be adopted to other systems or setups.


Use what you feel most comfortable with.

Cheers, Erik
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Re: create/symlink failed, no inodes free

[progerstis (sent by Nabble.com)]

The same error appeared frequently when I tried to install FreeBSD on an 8.5GB 
partition. Apparently it was because the root partition was running out of 
space. So instead of using the auto-option to divide up and create the 
different (logical?) partitions I created one root partition that is 8000MB and 
a swap partition that is ~500MB.
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Re: Share desktop with XOrg

[Kilian Hagemann]

On Wednesday 18 January 2006 18:08, User Gandalf pondered:
> Is it possible to share a desktop under the XOrg server? Is there a port
> for this? I'm aware of the -display option of X based programs. What I
> need is not a remote desktop connection. I would like to share my
> desktop to another user so he can see what I see.

Yes, the stock Xorg server doesn't though. You could use VNC, but in my 
experience that just opens up another X display where you login separately 
using kdm/gdm/xdm or whatever.

I suggest you use KDE's desktop sharing (krfb, in the menu under "System", 
part of the "kdenetwork" package, tested on 3.4.1). Does what you want.

-- 
Kilian Hagemann
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loosing hair inside canon printer...

[ivan . roth]

Hi,

Thanks all first, for the help you gave me yesterday. I begin hating Canon.
Still nothing printed.

I am going to gathered all information about what I did and hope you could give
me something :)

For the moment, I only want to be able to print the more disgusting raw text,
even only "hello world!", without the "!" if it is too much complicated. But I
want it with a line like echo "hello world" > /dev/lpt0

Why do this so simple line not work?

I don't know anything about ECP, EPP and Centronics, but I tested all the
configuration from BIOS. I have "Standard", "ECP", "EPP" and "EPP+ECP" choices.
For each one I have to choose IRQ, DMA and sometimes another one. For now it is
set to Standard, IRQ 7 DMA 3 (BIOS default).

This said, I have this in dmesg:


ppc0:  port 0x378-0x37f,0x778-0x77b irq 7 drq 3 flags
0x28 on acpi0
ppc0: Generic chipset (ECP-only) in ECP mode
ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/16 bytes threshold
ppbus0:  on ppc0
ppc0:  port 0x378-0x37f irq 7 flags 0x28 on
acpi0
ppc0: Generic chipset (ECP-only) in ECP mode
ppbus0:  on ppc0
ppbus0:  on ppc0
ppbus0: IEEE1284 device found /NIBBLE/ECP
Probing for PnP devices on ppbus0:
ppbus0:  PRINTER BJL,BJRaster3,BSCCe
plip0:  on ppbus0
lpt0:  on ppbus0
ppi0:  on ppbus0
ppbus0:  on ppc0
ppbus0: IEEE1284 device found /NIBBLE/ECP
Probing for PnP devices on ppbus0:
ppbus0:  PRINTER BJL,BJRaster3,BSCCe
plip0:  on ppbus0
lpt0:  on ppbus0
ppi0:  on ppbus0


simple question: how freebsd know about the name of my printer?

note the flags 0x28 I had to /boot/device.hints after reading a tutorial. I am
going to remove it as it makes nothing better.

And maybe it is the reason of my last issue.

# chkprintcap
chkprintcap: WARNING: found 1 entries when skimming /etc/printcap
chkprintcap: WARNING: but only found 0 queues to process!

Note that this is already too far since I want an output with redirection (>
/dev/lpt0).

Of course, I am still searching over the web for some still unknown website with
useful information.

-- 
Thank you, Ivan.
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Share desktop with XOrg

[User Gandalf]

 Hello,

Is it possible to share a desktop under the XOrg server? Is there a port 
for this? I'm aware of the -display option of X based programs. What I 
need is not a remote desktop connection. I would like to share my 
desktop to another user so he can see what I see.


Thanks,

  Les

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Re: Foreign language posts (was: Pooomooocyyyy ;()

[Martin Hudec]

Hello,

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Wekk op n smehl da Kaffe, dood!
Effn ah kaint reed et, how dew ah no et
aint L kadeh plennen to rep muh guhrl?
bee jes lahk duh bestads ta yoose Politch!
 -LenZ-


C'est du Klingon ??



[EMAIL PROTECTED] :)

Martin
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Matias]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> What is the essential difference
> between FreeBSD and Linux (Fedora for instance)?
> Where can I find any list of differences?
> What/Where are the advantages of FreeBSD vs Linux?
> Greetings
> Greg
> 
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Give a look at gentoo  it's inspired by FreeBSD, and is linux as
well the portage system works great... and as a personal opinion: Use
gentoo for Home / Desktop / Office use use FreeBSD For web/ftp/file/
etc.. Servers.


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Re: How to tell if IPF is running?

[Peter]

--- Gable Barber <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On 1/18/06, Peter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> >
> > Switch over to pf.
> >
> >
> >
> >
> Why do you suggest PF over IPF?

All I can say is that I remember using ipf when I was on OpenBSD 2.9.  At
3.0 it went to pf and ever since then I've been extremely pleased with its
syntax, versatility, and power.  It is the jewel in the OBSD crown and now
FBSD has been blessed with a port of it.  Naturally, it is always about 1
full release behind.







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Re: I have been hacked (WAS: Have I been hacked or is nmap wrong?)

[Kilian Hagemann]

On Wednesday 18 January 2006 17:13, [EMAIL PROTECTED] pondered:
> sendmail_enable="NONE" would do the same as all that other crap mentioned
> i find it a waste of time trying to figure out how a hacker got in just
> format the machine reinstall freebsd and secure the box up a bit and try
> updating it when vulnerabilitie are out. And this shouldnt happen again

Yeah, I'll have to look into that NONE vs all NO individually because it gave 
me hassles from the beginning (STILL sendmail stuff in /var/log/messages 
after disabling with NONE), but the important thing here is outside sendmail 
access was firewalled (see my other post and its attachment for ipfw rules).

Anyway, I guess you're right, reinstalling and beefing up security will be 
easier. I just thought that if they didn't get in through brute-forcing my 
sshd (the only vulnerability I can think of so far), and the attack came from 
the internet (not some worm/virus on one of the Windows machines), it's some 
unpublished vulnerability in some part of FreeBSD that I'm sure others would 
like to know about. But hey, from what you guys are telling me that seems 
unlikely...

-- 
Kilian Hagemann
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Re: How to tell if IPF is running?

[Gable Barber]

On 1/18/06, Peter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>
> Switch over to pf.
>
>
>
>
Why do you suggest PF over IPF?

Hope I am not starting a war here.. but I am genuinely interested in the
opinions.

Gable
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Re: How to tell if IPF is running?

[Gable Barber]

>
>
>
> Yes, incorrectly, if you have any rules with the log key word, then you
> can se if you get any entries in your log files. I would have default
> rules first in my rule set:
>
>block log in all
>block log out all
>
> And then pass what I positively know is good.
>
> Cheers, Erik
>

It seems mostly my misunderstanding of ipf being a kernel module and not
showing up with ps aux.There are log entries, ipfstat shows contuning stats,
and ipmon shows what is being filtered/passed, etc.

Thanks everyone for your quick, concise responses.

Gable
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Re: I have been hacked (WAS: Have I been hacked or is nmap wrong?)

[Kilian Hagemann]

On Wednesday 18 January 2006 16:25, Will Maier pondered:
> On Wed, Jan 18, 2006 at 03:56:32PM +0200, Kilian Hagemann wrote:
> > I have never even heard of "frox" before, but after some googling
> > it turns out that it's a GPL'ed transparent ftp proxy...
>
> Where's it pointing?

No idea, I only went as far as trying to login anonymously using a console 
based ftp client. How could I find out?

> > Also, I said smtp ports were open on the machines in question, I
> > just verified that I can send emails via BOTH these systems even
> > though no sendmail/exim/whatever was ever installed by me and
> > sendmail_enable="None" on both.
>
> What do you see when you connect to the SMTP ports? Are they really
> mail servers, or just rogue services running on 25?

They are really mail servers, at least smtp for outgoing mails (don't know 
about incoming though). I used kmail to configure them as standard outgoing 
smtp mail servers and successfully sent myself two emails, one via each 
server. Surely a default, out of the box, unconfigured and 
sendmail_enable="None" sendmail process wouldn't allow for something like 
that, never mind the fact that the firewall is supposed to block ANY access 
from the outside (output of ipfw show is attached)

> > My servers have been compromised, fantastic. And that with an
> > initial firewall'ed setup that left NO open ports (I verified that
> > a while ago with nmap). So much for my impression that FreeBSD was
> > secure.
>
> My condolences; what you describe, though, doesn't really suggest
> that /FreeBSD/ is insecure. In the vast majority of these situations
> (and yes, I have found myself in your shoes before), the operator
> (you or I) is to blame.

Alright, I guest that's a fair assumption. But that's what this thread is 
about: What (if anything) did I do wrong?

> > How could this have happened? ipfw buffer overflow? Some other
> > unknown vulnerability?
>
> Ockham's razor: the simplest is also the most likely solution.
> You're running Samba; is there any chance that that service or your
> configuration of it could have opened a hole? How many people have
> user accounts on that box? Do you allow
> ChallengeResponseAuthentication on SSH? Key only?

Well, I didn't worry about samba because it's firewalled to the outside(unless 
some Windows virus on one of the LAN machines exploited a samba hole, is that 
likely?). There is only one single normal user account with an uncommon name 
and an impossible password(16 characters randomly generated from ASCII 
charset). ChallengeResponseAuthentication is commented out in sshd which I 
guess means it uses the standard PAM authentication. It also allows 
password/interactive authentication in addition to public key, I always use 
the former. I do admit that I have set "PermitRootLogin yes" but my root 
password is 9 characters with numbers and non-alphanumeric characters, so 
hard to brute-force.

In any case, it's important to note that the only access from the outside via 
ssh/rsync is firewalled in such a way that it only allows access from a 
single IP address which my institution assigns me statically via DHCP (see 
attachment). They would have had to a) find out what this one and only 
trusted IP address is b) spoof it successfully c) attack ssh brute force?

> > I really wanna find out how they got in (syslog offers no clues
> > btw, I've been rootkitted after all :-(
>
> You'll need to do a more sophisticated forensic analysis, then, to
> figure out what happened. Some basic questions: were you running a
> file integrity monitor? What did it say? Do you have logs that were
> remotely backed up (and, therefore, likely still accurate)? What do
> they say? Do you have any network monitoring that might have
> recorded an intrusion? What services /should/ be running on the box
> (I don't think this was ever actually listed -- it would be useful
> to know)? Do you have dumps of the traffic leaving or entering the
> box?

Well, I thought my setup was secure enough for a very basic 
router/gateway/firewall for a couple of Windows machines using a sucky 
internet connection which is not worth stealing. So I didn't go through the 
effort of using a file integrity monitor, remote logging, traffic dumps or 
network monitors (jeez, sysadmins lives are really difficult these days :-( ) 
The services that should be running on the box are:

LAN only: samba, dnsmasq
LAN and WAN: ssh/rsync

I wanted to use rsync with ssh authentication/remote shell to sync my /etc 
and /usr/etc to my workstation and then comparing the "update" with a static 
copy to find out if anything had changed. But before I could do that, the one 
server mysteriously had its ssh/rsync disabled and I didn't take a healthy 
copy of /etc of the other one to begin with :-(

> Again, this is a tough and very unfortunate position to be in -- I
> sympathize. It may very well not be worth the time it takes to fully
> investigate the source of the compromise. Real forensic anal

Re: How to tell if IPF is running?

[Peter]

--- Gable Barber <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Howdy List...
> I am trying to figure out if ipf is running for certain. FreeBSD
> 6.0-RELEASE
> .
> 
> 
> 
> I added the following to /etc/rc.conf :
> 
> ipfilter_enable="YES"
> ipmon_enable="YES"
> ipmon_flags="-Dsvn"
> ipnat_enable="YES"
> ipfs_enable="YES"
> 
> I added a rule file /etc/ipf.conf , and flushed/reloaded ipf with the
> command
> 
> # ipf -Fa -f /etc/ipf.conf
> 
> I have rebooted since the additions to /etc/rc.conf
> 
> ps aux | grep ipf
> 
> Shows nothing. I do see ipmon in there however.
> 
> ipfstat command, shows me stats, so I suppose it is running, but I
> assumed
> (incorrectly?) that I would "see" ipf with ps aux .

Switch over to pf.






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Re: How to tell if IPF is running?

[Erik Norgaard]

Gable Barber wrote:

Howdy List...
I am trying to figure out if ipf is running for certain. FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE
.



I added the following to /etc/rc.conf :

ipfilter_enable="YES"
ipmon_enable="YES"
ipmon_flags="-Dsvn"
ipnat_enable="YES"
ipfs_enable="YES"

I added a rule file /etc/ipf.conf , and flushed/reloaded ipf with the
command

# ipf -Fa -f /etc/ipf.conf

I have rebooted since the additions to /etc/rc.conf

ps aux | grep ipf

Shows nothing. I do see ipmon in there however.

ipfstat command, shows me stats, so I suppose it is running, but I assumed
(incorrectly?) that I would "see" ipf with ps aux .


Yes, incorrectly, if you have any rules with the log key word, then you 
can se if you get any entries in your log files. I would have default 
rules first in my rule set:


  block log in all
  block log out all

And then pass what I positively know is good.

Cheers, Erik
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Re: Foreign language posts (was: Pooomooocyyyy ;()

[ivan . roth]

>Wekk op n smehl da Kaffe, dood!
>Effn ah kaint reed et, how dew ah no et
>aint L kadeh plennen to rep muh guhrl?
>bee jes lahk duh bestads ta yoose Politch!
>  -LenZ-

C'est du Klingon ??

-- 
ivan
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Re: Foreign language posts (was: Pooomooocyyyy ;()

[Leonard Zettel]

On Wednesday 18 January 2006 11:28 am, Ted Mittelstaedt wrote:
> Maybe it's just me but the idea of a bunch of English speakers
> sitting around and debating whether or not to permit foreign
> languages on the mailing list is a bit like a bunch of men sitting
> around and debating whether or not to legalize abortion.
>
> It's an issue that so obviously does not affect the discussors
> that it's incredible any of them would believe it possibly affects
> them in any way whatsoever.
>
> Ted
>
Wekk op n smehl da Kaffe, dood!
Effn ah kaint reed et, how dew ah no et
aint L kadeh plennen to rep muh guhrl?
bee jes lahk duh bestads ta yoose Politch!
  -LenZ-

> >-Original Message-
> >From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> >[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Leonard Zettel
> >Sent: Wednesday, January 18, 2006 1:18 AM
> >To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
> >Cc: Chad Leigh -- Shire.Net LLC
> >Subject: Re: Foreign language posts (was: Pooomoooc ;()
> >
> >
> >On Wednesday 18 January 2006 05:53 am, Chad Leigh -- Shire.Net
> >LLC wrote:
> >(snip)> I think you need to look up the word "xenophobe"
> >
> >> 
> >>
> >> There is nothing in having an english-language-only list that fits
> >> the definition.
> >
> >Them dam furriners oughta get zivilized & learn Anglish!
> >  -LenZ-
> >(snip)
> >___
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> >
> >--
> >No virus found in this incoming message.
> >Checked by AVG Free Edition.
> >Version: 7.1.375 / Virus Database: 267.14.19/231 - Release
> >Date: 1/16/2006
>
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Re: ataraid doesn't support dumps

[Lowell Gilbert]

Steven Friedrich <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> I've recently upgraded from 5.4 to 6-Stable.
> 
> I'm using the "ar" ataraid device on my Promise controller on the ASUS 
> moboard.
> 
> Are there any plans to add dump support to the ar driver?

I'm not aware of any such limitation; 
you should probably talk to the author of the driver.
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Re: How to tell if IPF is running?

[chris]

ipf runs as a kernel module or compiled into the kernel you will never see
it running as a normal program you will know it is running by testing your
firewall to make sure it does what it was meant to do

> Howdy List...
> I am trying to figure out if ipf is running for certain. FreeBSD
> 6.0-RELEASE
> .
>
>
>
> I added the following to /etc/rc.conf :
>
> ipfilter_enable="YES"
> ipmon_enable="YES"
> ipmon_flags="-Dsvn"
> ipnat_enable="YES"
> ipfs_enable="YES"
>
> I added a rule file /etc/ipf.conf , and flushed/reloaded ipf with the
> command
>
> # ipf -Fa -f /etc/ipf.conf
>
> I have rebooted since the additions to /etc/rc.conf
>
> ps aux | grep ipf
>
> Shows nothing. I do see ipmon in there however.
>
> ipfstat command, shows me stats, so I suppose it is running, but I assumed
> (incorrectly?) that I would "see" ipf with ps aux .
>
> Thanks y'all,
> Gable
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>


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Re: I have been hacked (WAS: Have I been hacked or is nmap wrong?)

[chris]

sendmail_enable="NONE" would do the same as all that other crap mentioned
i find it a waste of time trying to figure out how a hacker got in just
format the machine reinstall freebsd and secure the box up a bit and try
updating it when vulnerabilitie are out. And this shouldnt happen again

>> Also, I said smtp ports were open on the machines in question, I just
>> verified
>> that I can send emails via BOTH these systems even though no
>> sendmail/exim/whatever was ever installed by me and
>> sendmail_enable="None" on
>> both.
>
> For what it's worth, to disable senmail on 5.0 and later, you need:
>
> sendmail_enable="NO"
> sendmail_submit_enable="NO"
> sendmail_outbound_enable="NO"
> sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"
>
> All those lines need to go in your /etc/rc.conf file, just the top line on
> it's own will only stop mail coming into your system and I think it has to
> be
> "NO" not "None", but I'm not 100% on that.
>
> The above is from the Handbook:
>
> http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mail-changingmta.html
>
> --
> Paul
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Re: I have been hacked (WAS: Have I been hacked or is nmap wrong?)

[Crispy Beef]

Also, I said smtp ports were open on the machines in question, I just verified 
that I can send emails via BOTH these systems even though no 
sendmail/exim/whatever was ever installed by me and sendmail_enable="None" on 
both.


For what it's worth, to disable senmail on 5.0 and later, you need:

sendmail_enable="NO"
sendmail_submit_enable="NO"
sendmail_outbound_enable="NO"
sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"

All those lines need to go in your /etc/rc.conf file, just the top line on 
it's own will only stop mail coming into your system and I think it has to be 
"NO" not "None", but I'm not 100% on that.


The above is from the Handbook:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mail-changingmta.html

--
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How to tell if IPF is running?

[Gable Barber]

Howdy List...
I am trying to figure out if ipf is running for certain. FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE
.



I added the following to /etc/rc.conf :

ipfilter_enable="YES"
ipmon_enable="YES"
ipmon_flags="-Dsvn"
ipnat_enable="YES"
ipfs_enable="YES"

I added a rule file /etc/ipf.conf , and flushed/reloaded ipf with the
command

# ipf -Fa -f /etc/ipf.conf

I have rebooted since the additions to /etc/rc.conf

ps aux | grep ipf

Shows nothing. I do see ipmon in there however.

ipfstat command, shows me stats, so I suppose it is running, but I assumed
(incorrectly?) that I would "see" ipf with ps aux .

Thanks y'all,
Gable
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Re: I have been hacked (WAS: Have I been hacked or is nmap wrong?)

[Will Maier]

On Wed, Jan 18, 2006 at 03:56:32PM +0200, Kilian Hagemann wrote:
> I have never even heard of "frox" before, but after some googling
> it turns out that it's a GPL'ed transparent ftp proxy...

Where's it pointing?

> Also, I said smtp ports were open on the machines in question, I
> just verified that I can send emails via BOTH these systems even
> though no sendmail/exim/whatever was ever installed by me and
> sendmail_enable="None" on both.

What do you see when you connect to the SMTP ports? Are they really
mail servers, or just rogue services running on 25?

> My servers have been compromised, fantastic. And that with an
> initial firewall'ed setup that left NO open ports (I verified that
> a while ago with nmap). So much for my impression that FreeBSD was
> secure.

My condolences; what you describe, though, doesn't really suggest
that /FreeBSD/ is insecure. In the vast majority of these situations
(and yes, I have found myself in your shoes before), the operator
(you or I) is to blame.

> How could this have happened? ipfw buffer overflow? Some other
> unknown vulnerability?

Ockham's razor: the simplest is also the most likely solution.
You're running Samba; is there any chance that that service or your
configuration of it could have opened a hole? How many people have
user accounts on that box? Do you allow
ChallengeResponseAuthentication on SSH? Key only?

> I really wanna find out how they got in (syslog offers no clues
> btw, I've been rootkitted after all :-( 

You'll need to do a more sophisticated forensic analysis, then, to
figure out what happened. Some basic questions: were you running a
file integrity monitor? What did it say? Do you have logs that were
remotely backed up (and, therefore, likely still accurate)? What do
they say? Do you have any network monitoring that might have
recorded an intrusion? What services /should/ be running on the box
(I don't think this was ever actually listed -- it would be useful
to know)? Do you have dumps of the traffic leaving or entering the
box?

Again, this is a tough and very unfortunate position to be in -- I
sympathize. It may very well not be worth the time it takes to fully
investigate the source of the compromise. Real forensic analysis is
outside most of our job descriptions; I know that my skillset
doesn't cover it well enough. An inept investigation can be much
worse than no investigation at all: consider (if you can afford it)
bringing in someone who can do a quick, good job of it.

> Any suggestions other than format/reinstall/tripwire?

I can't think of any better ideas. Certainly, I'd add updating the
system to your list. Even if the Security Alerts don't seem to
effect your set up, I find it's good practice to apply them in a
reasonable amount of time. At the very least, it keeps me in touch
with my boxes and lets me develop a routine in case an alert does
effect me.

Good luck!

-- 

o--{ Will Maier }--o
| jabber:[EMAIL PROTECTED] | email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] |
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Dick Davies]

[Let me first point out I've seen about 4 different 'unix/windows is
teh gayz0r' threads on completely unrelated mailing lists in the last
24 hours.
If I sound bored rigid with the whole subject that might be why.]

Can we please stop comparing *NIX to windows. They're nothing
like each other. Like all software, they bothsuck in their own unique ways,
it's just that BSD sucks in areas I mainly don't care about, and
windows sucks at most of the things I do care about.

On 18/01/06, Martin Tournoy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > Windows almost runs everything

> Quite the opposite, try running some application from a few years back
> on windows 200 or XP, big chance it won't work.

So what? That's exactly the same for FreeBSD, even it's core apps.
And vendors rush to support MS' new OSes.

>  Microsoft pays hardware manufacturers to
> make drivers for their OS,

I seriously doubt it. They don't need to with their market share.

> Upgrading is a pain on windows, upgrading from 98 to 2000 more or less
> needs a format and clean install, while on FreeBSD you have much more
> flexibility, so you can upgrade much easy er.

Have you ever brought 4.x up to 6.x? It doesn't sound like it.

There are tools to solve this for windows, and there has been
for a long time.
Try updating 200 FreeBSD boxes, then try the same with a decent imaging
system for windows.

> Unix is for the masses, the only problem it has is a proper user friendly GUI.

Then it isn't for the masses. Deal with it.

> With Windows on the other hand, you *HAVE* to do things as the
> Microsoft programmers envisioned and liked things, and lacks a lot of
> flexibility that FreeBSD does have

Can you justify that at all? If what you're saying boils down to
'you have the source' then I don't think that applies to 99% of users.

> Say whatever you want, but the Unix permission system is better than
> Window's, it much more simple

It's also very outdated and has been reinvented several times.
RBAC, SeLinux and MAC would indicate it's not flexible enough for
most people.

> The same goes for window's configuration, the registry, it's not a bad
> idea, but horribly failed, now you have a huge file with a lot of
> data, half of it redundant, and the worst is that it's undocumented.
> FreeBSD simply has a set of configuration files, mostly in /etc and
> /usr/local/etc most of them have a man page, and an example file in
> /usr/share/examples/etc

That's not in itself a good thing. As I understand it, the registry is a central
place for storing configuration details. /etc has nothing like that.

Think of something simple like a webserver docroot. Apache obviously needs
to know about that, so might your ftp server, your backup/mirror scripts and
so on. If you ever change that directories location, you'll have to
update everything
that references that path. That's a pain in the arse, and it's only
one of dozens
of annoyances with /etc.

The arguments you're making above equally
apply to 4.x /etc, and I don't think you'd argue that rcNG is a vast
improvement.
Have a look at things like Solaris SMF and you realise that rcNG isn't as good
as it could be either.



--
Rasputin :: Jack of All Trades - Master of Nuns
http://number9.hellooperator.net/
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I have been hacked (WAS: Have I been hacked or is nmap wrong?)

[Kilian Hagemann]

On Wednesday 18 January 2006 14:34, Ken Stevenson pondered:
> Is there any chance you have a router that's forwarding the ports
> in question to another computer?

Not that I know of. The setup is quite simple:

 wireless   ethernet(PPPoE)  ethernet
ISP<--->Modem<-->FreeBSD gateway<--->LAN

FreeBSD is my router with ppp -ddial -nat and a custom ipfw script that blocks 
all incoming connections while allowing legitimate traffic out (with 
keep-state rules).

Check this out: ftp  gives

220 Frox transparent ftp proxy. Login with [EMAIL PROTECTED]:port]]
Name (...)

I have never even heard of "frox" before, but after some googling it turns out 
that it's a GPL'ed transparent ftp proxy...

Also, I said smtp ports were open on the machines in question, I just verified 
that I can send emails via BOTH these systems even though no 
sendmail/exim/whatever was ever installed by me and sendmail_enable="None" on 
both.

My servers have been compromised, fantastic. And that with an initial 
firewall'ed setup that left NO open ports (I verified that a while ago with 
nmap). So much for my impression that FreeBSD was secure.

How could this have happened? ipfw buffer overflow? Some other unknown 
vulnerability?

I really wanna find out how they got in (syslog offers no clues btw, I've been 
rootkitted after all :-( Any suggestions other than 
format/reinstall/tripwire?

-- 
Kilian Hagemann

Climate Systems Analysis Group
University of Cape Town
Republic of South Africa
Tel(w): ++27 21 650 2748
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Problem w/ vacation prg using NFS under 6.0p2

[Ted Wisniewski]

I am using 6.0-RELEASE-p2 (SMP PAE kernel) and have noticed that the vacation 
program does not work properly when the .vacation.db is on an NFS partition.   

The following shows up in the mailllog:

Jan 18 07:56:59 mail sendmail[70185]: k0ICuv3r070159: to="| /usr/bin/vacation 
testuser", [EMAIL PROTECTED] (1388/100), delay=00:00:02, 
xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=prog, pri=60954, dsn=5.6.0, stat=Data format error

The same setup has been working on a 4.11 system forever.  I have tried 
compiling vacation from the sendmail source (even tried the version from the 
4.11 system).  I tried it under 5.4 (non PAE kernel), same behavior. This is 
definitely a problem that appears to be in 5.4 and 6.0.

Any Ideas?

-- 
| Ted WisniewskiE-Mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]|
| Manager, Systems GroupWEB:http://oz.plymouth.edu/~ted/ |
| Information Technology Services|
| Plymouth State University Phone:  (603) 535-2661   |
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Re: PAE causing system crashes

[Ted Wisniewski]

You weren't by chance also using NFS?   I was, all my other 5.x systems did 
not use NFS and are stable.  I saw this same behavior and wound up going back 
to 4.11 to keep the system stable.

Ted

On Tuesday 17 January 2006 03:17 pm, Michael Barnett wrote:
> To ammend this slightly..  When running the PAE kernel, they will
> stay online indefinitely under little to no load.  It is only when i
> want them to actually work will they freak out and reboot.
>
> -m
>
> On Jan 17, 2006, at 1:47 PM, Michael Barnett wrote:
> > I have 3 dell machines with 2x xeon procs, 8G of ram, and a half
> > terabyte raid 5.  I attempted to run the AMD64 distribution on
> > these boxes which was fine for everything except mysql, (which is
> > all these boxes are going to do) so I reinstalled 5.4 i386.
> >
> > uname -a  looks like (hostname obscured):
> >
> > FreeBSD myhost.mydomain.com 5.4-RELEASE-p9 FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE-p9
> > #2: Mon Jan 16 23:27:12 PST 2006 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/
> > obj/usr/src/sys/SMP-PAE  i386
> >
> >
> > My problem is, if i don't enable PAE in the kernel, i can only
> > address half the ram in the boxes, but... the machines are stable.
> >
> > If i do enable PAE, i can address all the memory, but they randomly
> > reboot without dumping any errors or logging.
> >
> > To enable PAE, i am building and booting off the following kernel
> > config:
> >
> > 
> > include PAE
> >
> > ident   SMP-PAE
> >
> > options SMP
> > options KVA_PAGES=512
> > 
> >
> > I added the KVA_PAGES options hoping to stabilize the machine
> > (doesn't seem to have made any difference.)  The only other tuning
> > i am doing at the moment is in loader.conf:
> >
> > 
> > kern.maxdsiz="2147483648"# Set the max data size
> > 
> >
> > When i boot without PAE I use the generic SMP kernel, and the
> > machine is stable.
> >
> > I know that there are a number of other kernel tunables i could be
> > tweaking, but I am not really sure where to start as the machine
> > dies silently.  I was hoping that someone who has run a stable PAE
> > kernel with 8G of ram + could point me in the right direction.
> >
> > Thanks,
> >
> > -Michael
> > ___
> > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list
> > http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
> > To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-questions-
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED]"
>
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| Manager, Systems GroupWEB:http://oz.plymouth.edu/~ted/ |
| Information Technology Services|
| Plymouth State University Phone:  (603) 535-2661   |
| Plymouth NH, 03264Fax:(603) 535-2263   |
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Re: FreeBSD vs Linux

[Martin Tournoy]

> Windows almost runs everything

Quite the opposite, try running some application from a few years back
on windows 200 or XP, big chance it won't work.

> Unix has not matured yet to compete with Microsoft.

Yeah, let's just forget that UNIX had stuff like network support
before windows even existed...
Windows has a few edged on Unix, DirectX for example, but on many
points UNIX is really in the lead, the fact that you can't get a
driver for some specific card doesn't have anything do to with
maturing, but with commerce, Microsoft pays hardware manufacturers to
make drivers for their OS, FreeBSD is non-profit and can't afford such
things...
Windows has crap driver management, where you can simply use the ICH
driver for just about all Intel integrated sound chips, while you have
to get(download) a different driver for all the different chips on
windows...
Who has matured?

> Unix community simply did not get their act together and try to build an OS
> for the masses. The main argument for Unix is it is "Free", but
> compatibility and upgrade paths are different issues.

Upgrading is a pain on windows, upgrading from 98 to 2000 more or less
needs a format and clean install, while on FreeBSD you have much more
flexibility, so you can upgrade much easy er.
Let's not talk about the windows update site, and 15 reboots required..

Unix is for the masses, the only problem it has is a proper user friendly GUI.
With Windows on the other hand, you *HAVE* to do things as the
Microsoft programmers envisioned and liked things, and lacks a lot of
flexibility that FreeBSD does have, which makes FreeBSD for the
masses, it doesn't matter if your an average end-luser, or a nerd, or
whatever, everyone can do what they want the way they want to do it,
you really don't have that kind of flexibility with windows.


Everyone should use whatever they prefer to use, but there a couple of
very good arguments in favor of FreeBSD, and while there are also
arguments in favor of windows they are fewer...

Say whatever you want, but the Unix permission system is better than
Window's, it much more simple and elegant, which means less
headache's, less mistakes and more security.

The same goes for window's configuration, the registry, it's not a bad
idea, but horribly failed, now you have a huge file with a lot of
data, half of it redundant, and the worst is that it's undocumented.
FreeBSD simply has a set of configuration files, mostly in /etc and
/usr/local/etc most of them have a man page, and an example file in
/usr/share/examples/etc
This again is simpler, which, again, means less headaches, less
mistakes and better security, performance etc.

There are tons of examples like this, the fact that windows XP is 1.3
GB in size (Minimal!) is enough to know that windows is loaded with
complicated shit, while the much simpler and elegant approach in
FreeBSD works better.

It's same as physics or biology really, I came across this quote recently:
If you encounter a formula more that a quarter of a page long, then
forget it, nature doesn't make things that complicated.

Nature has been "In development" for billions of years, and learned
that simplicity is the key, why do anything different with computers?
Windows does...
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Re: no one here use restore/dump?

[Ken Stevenson]

On Wed, Jan 18, 2006 at 12:20:51PM +0100, Wojciech Puchar wrote:
> nobody here do backups of their systems? strange?!
> ___


Huh? I do. I'm sure a lot of people do.

-- 
Ken Stevenson
Allen-Myland Inc.
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Re: no one here use restore/dump?

[Norberto Meijome]

Wojciech Puchar wrote:

nobody here do backups of their systems? strange?!



what do you base this (false comment) on?

Beto
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Re: USB removable drive as dump device?

[Norberto Meijome]

Mike Loiterman wrote:

Using 6.0-RELEASE

I'm trying to use a USB removable drive as a dump device.

[...]


The issue is when I try to dump to the device:
# dump 0uafL /dev/da0 / 


I think this is telling dump to treat /dev/da0 as a normal file, which 
it isn't. it makes sense to say /dev/[your_tape_device] , as you don't 
dump to a file in the tape, but rather to the tape itself (AFAIK)




The same thing happens with:
# dump 0uafL /backup / 


try something like

dump 0uafL /backup/`date +%Y%m%H`-0.dump /

Beto

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Re: Have I been hacked or is nmap wrong?

[Ken Stevenson]

On Wed, Jan 18, 2006 at 11:29:38AM +0200, Kilian Hagemann wrote:
> On Tuesday 17 January 2006 19:27, Micheal Patterson pondered:
> > > The 1663 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: filtered)
> > > PORT STATE SERVICE
> > > 80/tcp   open  http
> > > 554/tcp  open  rtsp
> > > 1755/tcp open  wms
> > > 5190/tcp open  aol
> >
> > Kilian, what does a sockstat show you on those systems and are there any
> > nats on either of these systems that would have a redirect_address to
> > something behind them?
> 
> sockstat -4l only shows up the processes serving the LAN (dnsmasq, samba) as 
> well as sshd:
> USER  COMMAND PID   FD PROTOLOCAL ADDRESS FOREIGN ADDRESS
> root  smbd484   18 tcp4   
> 192.168.133.1:445   *:*
> root  smbd484   19 tcp4   
> 192.168.133.1:139   *:*
> root  nmbd480   6  udp4   *:137   
> *:*
> root  nmbd480   7  udp4   *:138   
> *:*
> root  nmbd480   8  udp4   
> 192.168.133.1:137   *:*
> root  nmbd480   9  udp4   
> 192.168.133.1:138   *:*
> nobodydnsmasq 458   1  udp4   *:56212 
> *:*
> nobodydnsmasq 458   3  udp4   *:53
> *:*
> nobodydnsmasq 458   4  tcp4   *:53
> *:*
> nobodydnsmasq 458   5  udp4   *:67
> *:*
> root  sshd432   3  tcp4   *:22
> *:*
> root  syslogd 311   4  udp4   *:514   
> *:*
> 
> So nothing suspect at all here. Yes, the systems are natted(with above system 
> LAN on 192.168.133.0/24), using ppp -nat. I have no specific redirects set 
> up, and only a "allow tcp/udp from LAN to WAN/any setup keep-state" dynamic 
> rule, but that should be unrelated.
> 
> If my server is not compromised, how the heck could an http/rtsp/wms/aol 
> redirect sneak in there without me explicitly enabling it?
> 
Is there any chance you have a router that's forwarding the ports
in question to another computer?
-- 
Ken Stevenson
Allen-Myland Inc.
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vinum RAID 1, FreeBSD 4-STABLE & two different size drives

[Mark Cullen]

Hello :-)

I've come across a deal where by I can either buy two identical 20GB 
drives, or a 20GB drive and a 40GB drive for the same price as the two 
20GB's. I was intending to use the drives for a RAID 1 array and have 
read that ideally the drives should be identical, but it is do-able with 
different size drives.


Obviously as both options are the same price I would like to get more 
for my money and get the 40GB and 20GB drive, rather than two 20GB's. 
This should also give me the option of buying only a single 40GB drive 
later on for cheap if I need to bump the space up a bit, rather than 
buying two drives.


Simple questions really I suppose. Is having two different size drives 
going to work? Is it going to make configuration trickier in any way? 
Are there any disadvantages (other than I will be losing out on 20GB on 
the 40GB drive, and that it's only going to be as fast as the slowest 
drive I imagine)? I've never ever touched vinum before!


Thanks in advance for any advice / comments,
Mark
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Re: freebsd-questions Digest, Vol 121, Issue 28

[Giorgos Keramidas]

On 2006-01-18 13:06, Rithy- System Engineer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I got FreeBSD 5.3 release installed on my Server but its hard disk and
> mainboard are too old and i want to upgrade to FreeBSD 6.0 with new hard
> disk on the same PC how can i do this?
>
> is it necessary to install any third-party hardware or software?
> Rithy Ray
>
> System Engineer
> KhmerServer.NET Hosting
> E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>[EMAIL PROTECTED]
>[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> URL: www.rithy4u.net
>  www.khmerserver.net
>  www.khmercentral.com
> H/P: +855-12-403-001
>
> [digest trimmed]

Please, just DON'T quote the text of an unrelated digest message,
including several irrelevant email messages, only to add a single
paragraph on top of it all.

There are probably many ways to do this.  I can think of at least
two right now:

a) First move the installed system to the new disk, i.e. by
   using the process described here:

   
http://keramida.serverhive.com/weblog/archives/2004-10-26/daemonizing-a-new-disk

   Then, when the system is up and running with its new disk,
   use the process described in the Handbook, to upgrade from
   5.X to 6.X from source:

   
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cutting-edge.html

b) Remove the old disk.  Install a clean 6.0 system.  Re-add
   the old disk as a secondary disk, and restore whatever you
   want to keep from that one.

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RE: Foreign language posts (was: Pooomooocyyyy ;()

[Ted Mittelstaedt]

Maybe it's just me but the idea of a bunch of English speakers
sitting around and debating whether or not to permit foreign
languages on the mailing list is a bit like a bunch of men sitting
around and debating whether or not to legalize abortion.

It's an issue that so obviously does not affect the discussors
that it's incredible any of them would believe it possibly affects
them in any way whatsoever.

Ted

>-Original Message-
>From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Leonard Zettel
>Sent: Wednesday, January 18, 2006 1:18 AM
>To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
>Cc: Chad Leigh -- Shire.Net LLC
>Subject: Re: Foreign language posts (was: Pooomoooc ;()
>
>
>On Wednesday 18 January 2006 05:53 am, Chad Leigh -- Shire.Net 
>LLC wrote:
>(snip)> I think you need to look up the word "xenophobe"
>>
>> 
>>
>> There is nothing in having an english-language-only list that fits
>> the definition.
>>
>Them dam furriners oughta get zivilized & learn Anglish!
>  -LenZ-
>(snip)
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>
>-- 
>No virus found in this incoming message.
>Checked by AVG Free Edition.
>Version: 7.1.375 / Virus Database: 267.14.19/231 - Release 
>Date: 1/16/2006
>
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RE: trouble installing new printer

[Ted Mittelstaedt]

>-Original Message-
>From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of
>[EMAIL PROTECTED]
>Sent: Wednesday, January 18, 2006 2:21 AM
>To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
>Subject: RE: trouble installing new printer
>
>
>Hi Ted,
>
>don't worry about what your mail sounds, it is ok :)
>
>You're right on every points. I do not need to print so much.
>In fact, I am
>translating the printing chapter of the handbook to french and
>I just wanted to
>test the parallel interface. I bought this printer for 70$
>(approx.). In fact,
>it is just the cost for knowledge :)
>
>Yes I should have choose a compatible printer, but it was the
>cheapest one and I
>am sure I will have good results. Some website pointed me to
>the BJC-8200 driver
>and I got some results with the BJC-800 one.
>
>I am not a politic man but I think one company you may consider
>working for open
>source is HP, especially when they give the FBSD foundation
>important gifts. I
>worked for them and I had to change my job because of their
>restructuration
>plan (I was like a "collateral damage", not a directly "fired" guy).
>
>Everybody will have his point of view. I promised myself never buy Canon
>printers again after my i320.
>
>But for sure, when time will come for me to have an
>"everyday-printing printer",
>I will choose it carefuly, and spend as much money as necessary.
>
>
>P.S: a simple PS just about USB printers: the chapter I am translating
>(http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/printing.html)
>said "USB is
>superior to RS-232 Serial and to Parallel for printing, but it
>is not as well
>supported under UNIX® systems."
>I will test USB connection of course and maybe submit an update for this
>chapter.
>

Also you can try changing the mode of the parallel port, from ecp to
centronics, etc.  That can sometimes help.

Ted

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no one here use restore/dump?

[Wojciech Puchar]

nobody here do backups of their systems? strange?!
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