Using Megabyte, Gigabyte, ... in fdisk
Hello, I have a small question. How may I use Kilobyte, Megabyte, ... in fdisk interactive mode? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Using Megabyte, Gigabyte, ... in fdisk
On 02/01/11 23:09, Bahman Kahinpour wrote: Hello, I have a small question. How may I use Kilobyte, Megabyte, ... in fdisk interactive mode? Usually just k, m, or g to the end of the digits you enter. HTH ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: PF firewall rules and documentation
On 02/01/11 00:40, Kevin Wilcox wrote: On Mon, Jan 31, 2011 at 05:58, Da Rock freebsd-questi...@herveybayaustralia.com.au wrote: Yes. Me unfortunately, but I did manage to pick it up quite quickly though. I had a little thief attack one of my ports and attempt login on the firewall. I had to change it to 'block in $log on $ext_if all block out $log on $ext_if all' to actually block the traffic. Bit of a doozy really, I'm still monitoring the traffic very closely with tcpdump on the interface and not the log. Unless you have an explicit need to block in/out, it's easier to maintain a ruleset that uses block log on $ext_if For example, I use the following as a starting point for some of my routing firewalls: = int_if=bge1 ext_if=bge0 set skip on lo # block everything block # NAT rule pass out log(all) on $ext_if from ($int_if:network) to any nat-to ($ext_if) # allow traffic in on the internal interface pass in on $int_if from ($int_if:network) to any keep state = There are at least three things in that basic config that some people would jump on me for. 1) why block all if I'm then allowing every in on the internal interface? 2) why block all if I'm allowing everything out on the external interface? 3) why not pass everything on the internal interface and then filter on the external? The shortest answer is because I happen to like that starting point and it serves as a syntactical reminder if I deploy without a pf reference handy. Regarding 1) and 2), the longer answer is that I like to control traffic flow. I don't want to allow inbound connections on the external interface and I don't have a need for the firewall to connect to machines inside the NAT. On my bridges I'll set skip on the internal interface and filter on the other but I don't like doing that for a router. No jumping here- just a big fat ditto! But that was the point of this whole thread- that block statement doesn't cut it. I started there and noticed a little sneak getting through anyway. Set it to the block explicitly and bam! No problem. Just a little heads up anyway... There are some plans to update PF to a more recent version. So may be it will be better. Actually, that sounds like a better idea than mine ;) Kills 2 birds with one stone then... I am truly excited about this as the NAT and RDR stuff was significantly cleaned up (and the OpenBSD pf FAQ is a great resource). I'm even more excited about the patch to tcpdump that Daniel just sent to freebsd-pf@ that allows you to tcpdump a pfsync device and pull the state creation/updates - in my opinion, that's the weakest area for a BSD firewall (we'll ignore span ports on routers since you can bridge two addressed interfaces and create a span of that bridge) and being able to easily pull those NAT translations fulfills some serious accountability issues. You think?! Man I was scratching a bit trying to translate between versions there- not too long, but long enough to a PITA. It would be nice to have it all nice and tidy... If you need a reliable printed reference, you should really consider picking up Hansteen's _The Book of PF_, available from No Starch Press: http://nostarch.com/pf2.htm I have the first edition and it's incredible but somewhat dated. The author suggests the second edition for FreeBSD 8.x+. kmw ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Using Megabyte, Gigabyte, ... in fdisk
On 01/02/2011 14:09, Bahman Kahinpour wrote: Hello, I have a small question. How may I use Kilobyte, Megabyte, ... in fdisk interactive mode? It is best not to use fdisk at all until it gets rewritten. Use gpart. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
qmail or postfix?
Hi list. Who is better, qmail or postfix? thanks in advance ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 09:32, Alessandro Baggi alessandro.ba...@gmail.com wrote: Hi list. Who is better, qmail or postfix? thanks in advance That's a loaded question. Both have advocates, just like vi or emacs, Linux or Nothing, FreeBSD or OpenBSD, OS X or Windows and X Window System or CLI. That said, if you know neither and your requirements are met by both of them, I'd opt for postfix. It isn't as burdened with dependencies and, from what I can tell, it enjoys a larger, more active support community. kmw ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On Tue, 01 Feb 2011 15:32:26 +0100 Alessandro Baggi alessandro.ba...@gmail.com articulated: Hi list. Who is better, qmail or postfix? qmail is not actively supported by its developer. It requires numerous patches, etc to bring it up to acceptable servicable standards. Postfix is actively maintained and is constantly being upgraded by its author. Its mail forum is robust and Postfix has outstanding documentation; perhaps the best of any software available in the FOSS world. -- Jerry ✌ freebsd.u...@seibercom.net Disclaimer: off-list followups get on-list replies or get ignored. Please do not ignore the Reply-To header. __ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
serial config handbook: /boot.conf or /boot.config
I'm trying to get the dell bmc +sol serial thing working, kin dof getting there, but noticed this inconsistency in the handbook: Is it boot.conf or boot.config? Create boot.config in the root directory of the a partition on the boot drive. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/serialconsole-setup.html#SERIALCONSOLE-HOWTO 7.2 Create the /boot.conf file http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/console-server/freebsd.html Paul. -- - Paul Macdonald IFDNRG Ltd Web and video hosting - t: 0131 5548070 m: 07534206249 e: p...@ifdnrg.com w: http://www.ifdnrg.com - IFDNRG 40 Maritime Street Edinburgh EH6 6SA - ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
I like qmail, but I would, having written a book about it. If you want something that works reasonably well out of the box, I'd use Postfix. If you want something you can tweak to do whatever you want, qmail is more of a toolkit. Don't use the version of qmail in ports, it includes way too many sloppily written patches. netqmail 1.06 is a reasonable place to start. http://qmail.org/netqmail/ I've replaced the qmail SMTP daemon with Bruce Guenter's mailfront, which is in the ports collection. It has a flexible plugin design which I've used to do better logging, spamassassin and DCC during the SMTP session, etc. Regards, John Levine, jo...@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of The Internet for Dummies, Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail. http://jl.ly ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
same function name in multiple archives - bad idea?
Is it wrong to have functions with the same name in multiple archives? E.g: % ar -t /usr/local/lib/libslatec.a | grep fdump.o fdump.o % ar -t /usr/local/lib/libcmlib.a | grep fdump.o fdump.o Which fdump function will be used if I then link against -larchive1.a -larchive2.a? And is there an easy way to find functions belonging in multiple archives? Many thanks Anton -- Anton Shterenlikht Room 2.6, Queen's Building Mech Eng Dept Bristol University University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK Tel: +44 (0)117 331 5944 Fax: +44 (0)117 929 4423 ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
RE: serial config handbook: /boot.conf or /boot.config
-Original Message- From: owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org [mailto:owner-freebsd- questi...@freebsd.org] On Behalf Of Paul Macdonald Sent: Tuesday, February 01, 2011 7:24 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: serial config handbook: /boot.conf or /boot.config I'm trying to get the dell bmc +sol serial thing working, kin dof getting there, but noticed this inconsistency in the handbook: Is it boot.conf or boot.config? Create boot.config in the root directory of the a partition on the boot drive. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/serialconsole- setup.html#SERIALCONSOLE-HOWTO 7.2 Create the /boot.conf file http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/console- server/freebsd.html Here on my HP Proliant 350's I use - /boot.conf This is with FreeBSD 8.0. Patrick ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
RE: same function name in multiple archives - bad idea?
-Original Message- From: owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org [mailto:owner-freebsd- questi...@freebsd.org] On Behalf Of Anton Shterenlikht Sent: Tuesday, February 01, 2011 9:08 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: same function name in multiple archives - bad idea? Is it wrong to have functions with the same name in multiple archives? E.g: % ar -t /usr/local/lib/libslatec.a | grep fdump.o fdump.o % ar -t /usr/local/lib/libcmlib.a | grep fdump.o fdump.o Which fdump function will be used if I then link against -larchive1.a -larchive2.a? And is there an easy way to find functions belonging in multiple archives? Anton, I believe for ELF images the linker will stop looking after finding it, so the order of -llibrary controls which one will be used. If you want to see which one was used during linking, use the ld options '-M -Map mapfile --cref' which will create a map file with cross references. Patrick ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On 2/1/2011 at 10:23 AM Jerry wrote: |On Tue, 01 Feb 2011 15:32:26 +0100 |Alessandro Baggi alessandro.ba...@gmail.com articulated: | | Hi list. Who is better, qmail or postfix? | |qmail is not actively supported by its developer. It requires |numerous patches, etc to bring it up to acceptable servicable standards. | |Postfix is actively maintained and is constantly being upgraded by |its author. Its mail forum is robust and Postfix has outstanding |documentation; perhaps the best of any software available in the FOSS |world. = It is a good thing I read all the replies before I posted mine, as your reply is almost word-for-word identical to what I was going to say. :) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 1:26 PM, Mike. the.li...@mgm51.com wrote: On 2/1/2011 at 10:23 AM Jerry wrote: |On Tue, 01 Feb 2011 15:32:26 +0100 |Alessandro Baggi alessandro.ba...@gmail.com articulated: | | Hi list. Who is better, qmail or postfix? | |qmail is not actively supported by its developer. It requires |numerous patches, etc to bring it up to acceptable servicable standards. | |Postfix is actively maintained and is constantly being upgraded by |its author. Its mail forum is robust and Postfix has outstanding |documentation; perhaps the best of any software available in the FOSS |world. = It is a good thing I read all the replies before I posted mine, as your reply is almost word-for-word identical to what I was going to say. :) Postfix hands down is better, recent, well maintained and excellently documented ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 1:26 PM, Mike. the.li...@mgm51.com wrote: On 2/1/2011 at 10:23 AM Jerry wrote: |On Tue, 01 Feb 2011 15:32:26 +0100 |Alessandro Baggi alessandro.ba...@gmail.com articulated: | | Hi list. Who is better, qmail or postfix? | |qmail is not actively supported by its developer. It requires |numerous patches, etc to bring it up to acceptable servicable standards. | |Postfix is actively maintained and is constantly being upgraded by |its author. Its mail forum is robust and Postfix has outstanding |documentation; perhaps the best of any software available in the FOSS |world. = It is a good thing I read all the replies before I posted mine, as your reply is almost word-for-word identical to what I was going to say. :) yeah... what he said... !!! :) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
Outback == Outback Dingo outbackdi...@gmail.com writes: |Postfix is actively maintained and is constantly being upgraded by |its author. Its mail forum is robust and Postfix has outstanding |documentation; perhaps the best of any software available in the FOSS |world. = It is a good thing I read all the replies before I posted mine, as your reply is almost word-for-word identical to what I was going to say. :) Outback yeah... what he said... !!! :) +1 :) No, seriously... I was using sendmail before discovering postfix, and pretty darn good at m4. Or is that m4()dnl()? :) But I've never found postfix without a knob to do something I want it to do, and most of the knobs are set properly right out of the box. (And reasonably named too!) -- Randal L. Schwartz - Stonehenge Consulting Services, Inc. - +1 503 777 0095 mer...@stonehenge.com URL:http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/ Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc. See http://methodsandmessages.posterous.com/ for Smalltalk discussion ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: serial config handbook: /boot.conf or /boot.config
In the last episode (Feb 01), Patrick Mahan said: From: owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org [mailto:owner-freebsd- questi...@freebsd.org] On Behalf Of Paul Macdonald I'm trying to get the dell bmc +sol serial thing working, kin dof getting there, but noticed this inconsistency in the handbook: Is it boot.conf or boot.config? Create boot.config in the root directory of the a partition on the boot drive. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/serialconsole-setup.html#SERIALCONSOLE-HOWTO 7.2 Create the /boot.conf file http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/console-server/freebsd.html Here on my HP Proliant 350's I use - /boot.conf This is with FreeBSD 8.0. I don't see anything in /usr/src/sys/boot that reads a /boot.conf. boot2 reads /boot.config, and the loader will read /boot/boot.conf but that path is deprecated. I have -D in /boot.config on my SOL-enabled Dell 1950, which allows for both serial and keyboard input during the boot process. -- Dan Nelson dnel...@allantgroup.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
RE: serial config handbook: /boot.conf or /boot.config
It's at the root - # echo /boot.conf -P Patrick Patrick Mahan Lead Technical Kernel Engineer Adara Networks Disclaimer: The opinions expressed here are solely the responsibility of the author and are not to be construed as an official opinion of Adara Networks. -Original Message- From: Dan Nelson [mailto:dnel...@allantgroup.com] Sent: Tuesday, February 01, 2011 11:52 AM To: Patrick Mahan Cc: Paul Macdonald; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: serial config handbook: /boot.conf or /boot.config In the last episode (Feb 01), Patrick Mahan said: From: owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org [mailto:owner-freebsd- questi...@freebsd.org] On Behalf Of Paul Macdonald I'm trying to get the dell bmc +sol serial thing working, kin dof getting there, but noticed this inconsistency in the handbook: Is it boot.conf or boot.config? Create boot.config in the root directory of the a partition on the boot drive. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859- 1/books/handbook/serialconsole-setup.html#SERIALCONSOLE-HOWTO 7.2 Create the /boot.conf file http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/console- server/freebsd.html Here on my HP Proliant 350's I use - /boot.conf This is with FreeBSD 8.0. I don't see anything in /usr/src/sys/boot that reads a /boot.conf. boot2 reads /boot.config, and the loader will read /boot/boot.conf but that path is deprecated. I have -D in /boot.config on my SOL-enabled Dell 1950, which allows for both serial and keyboard input during the boot process. -- Dan Nelson dnel...@allantgroup.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Make FreeBSD read the slice table and partition table again
Hello When I destroy the partition table with the following command: # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad1 bs=1k count=10 The entries /dev/ad1s1a, ... still exist in /dev. This means that the kernel has not found out that the slices and partitions do not exist anymore. How may I make the kernel read the slice/partition table again? Something like modprobe command in Linux? Thanks in advance ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Make FreeBSD read the slice table and partition table again
On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 2:16 PM, Bahman Kahinpour bahman.li...@gmail.comwrote: Hello When I destroy the partition table with the following command: # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad1 bs=1k count=10 The entries /dev/ad1s1a, ... still exist in /dev. This means that the kernel has not found out that the slices and partitions do not exist anymore. Um AFAIK, GEOM tastes the provider on closing so that command should have updated the device entries. And it works properly in VM here so I'm unsure the problem you are having. A true /dev/ad1 would also cause GEOM to retaste it. -- Adam Vande More ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On 01/02/2011 19:48, Randal L. Schwartz wrote: No, seriously... I was using sendmail before discovering postfix, and pretty darn good at m4. Or is that m4()dnl()? :) But I've never found postfix without a knob to do something I want it to do, and most of the knobs are set properly right out of the box. (And reasonably named too!) so for us folks still using sendmail (which works fine for me) what benefits do we get with postfix that'd outweigh the hassles of changing? -- - Paul Macdonald IFDNRG Ltd Web and video hosting - t: 0131 5548070 m: 07534206249 e: p...@ifdnrg.com w: http://www.ifdnrg.com - IFDNRG 40 Maritime Street Edinburgh EH6 6SA - ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On Tue, 01 Feb 2011 20:44:24 + Paul Macdonald p...@ifdnrg.com articulated: so for us folks still using sendmail (which works fine for me) what benefits do we get with postfix that'd outweigh the hassles of changing? Without knowing your exact configuration and requirements, answering that question is at best a guess. In addition, as a long time subscriber to the theory, If it ain't broke, don't fix it, the only way to ascertain that answer would be to study the Postfix documentation and then decide if it offers better methods of doing whatever it is you are now doing with your present MTA and if changing MTAs would serve a useful purpose. Postfix-2.8 has an impressive feature, postscreen built into it. You can check the documentation for its use and implementation. I don't believe that Sendmail has any such native function. The Postfix forum could provide answers to any reasonable question that you might have regarding the two MTAs. I have no knowledge of what support is available for Sendmail. -- Jerry ✌ freebsd.u...@seibercom.net Disclaimer: off-list followups get on-list replies or get ignored. Please do not ignore the Reply-To header. __ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On Tue, Feb 01, 2011 at 08:44:24PM +, Paul Macdonald wrote: On 01/02/2011 19:48, Randal L. Schwartz wrote: No, seriously... I was using sendmail before discovering postfix, and pretty darn good at m4. Or is that m4()dnl()? :) But I've never found postfix without a knob to do something I want it to do, and most of the knobs are set properly right out of the box. (And reasonably named too!) so for us folks still using sendmail (which works fine for me) what benefits do we get with postfix that'd outweigh the hassles of changing? Probably nothing, if you're asking about changing a current MTA deployment when you're satisfied with what you have. If you are looking for an alternative to replace what you have because of frustrations with your current setup, or if you are considering new deployments and whether it is worthwhile to learn something new, that is another story altogether. -- Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ] pgpAnaag8vMVS.pgp Description: PGP signature
Issues with ar0(Host Raid) adaptec after upgrade to 8.2
Hey All, I'm having an odd issue, and the only thing I can imagine is that there has been a major change between 8.1 and 8.2. Using the 8.1 kernel everything is dandy. But when I try to use a newly compiled kernel from 8.2(GENERIC) I have no luck. Root will not mount. Here are relevant kernel messages under 8.1... FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE-p2 #2: Mon Jan 31 19:25:14 EST 2011 atapci2: Intel ICH7 SATA300 controller port 0x30d8-0x30df,0x30cc-0x30cf,0x30d0-0x30d7,0x30c8-0x30cb,0x3060-0x307f mem 0xc400-0xc7ff irq 19 at device 31.2 on pci0 atapci2: [ITHREAD] atapci2: AHCI called from vendor specific driver atapci2: AHCI v1.10 controller with 4 3Gbps ports, PM not supported ata4: ATA channel 0 on atapci2 ata4: [ITHREAD] ata5: ATA channel 2 on atapci2 ata5: [ITHREAD] ad8: 286168MB Seagate ST3300622AS 3.AAH at ata4-master UDMA100 SATA 3Gb/s ad10: 286168MB Seagate ST3300622AS 3.AAH at ata5-master UDMA100 SATA 3Gb/s ar0: 286168MB Intel MatrixRAID RAID1 status: READY ar0: disk0 READY (master) using ad8 at ata4-master ar0: disk1 READY (mirror) using ad10 at ata5-master GEOM: ad8s1: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). GEOM: ad10s1: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). GEOM: ufsid/4bb50de139c19cf4: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ar0s1a WARNING: ufsid/47f409368a08243c expected rawoffset 0, found 63 WARNING: ufsid/4bb50de139c19cf4 expected rawoffset 0, found 63 WARNING: ar0s1a expected rawoffset 0, found 63 WARNING: ad10s1a expected rawoffset 0, found 63 WARNING: ad8s1a expected rawoffset 0, found 63 WARNING: ar0s1 expected rawoffset 0, found 63 WARNING: ad10s1 expected rawoffset 0, found 63 WARNING: ad8s1 expected rawoffset 0, found 63 GEOM: ufsid/4bb50de139c19cf4c: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). GEOM: ad10s1a: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). GEOM: ad10s1c: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). GEOM: ad8s1a: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). GEOM: ad8s1c: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). Under 8.2 I don't see... ---atapci2: AHCI called from vendor specific driver ---atapci2: AHCI v1.10 controller with 4 3Gbps ports, PM not supported at all, I don't see the drives, nothing It drops to the 'mountroot' prompt and when I do ? the only drive I see is the cd drive. If I boot back with to 'kernel.old' which is 8.1 Release I have no issues. Any ideas? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
RE: serial config handbook: /boot.conf or /boot.config
On Tue, 1 Feb 2011, Patrick Mahan wrote: It's at the root - # echo /boot.conf -P Line 78 of sys/boot/i386/boot2/boot2.c says: #define PATH_CONFIG /boot.config Also, there's boot.config(5). If boot.conf also works, maybe it's only looking for a match on the first 8 or 9 characters. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
RE: serial config handbook: /boot.conf or /boot.config
On Tue, 1 Feb 2011, Warren Block wrote: On Tue, 1 Feb 2011, Patrick Mahan wrote: It's at the root - # echo /boot.conf -P Line 78 of sys/boot/i386/boot2/boot2.c says: #define PATH_CONFIG /boot.config Also, there's boot.config(5). If boot.conf also works, maybe it's only looking for a match on the first 8 or 9 characters. Just tested this on an 8.1-stable VM, with a file containing only a -s (no quotes): /boot.conf - no effect /boot.config - boots into single-user mode ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Opening Opera as user
I installed linux-opera, and I guess I made a mistake by opening it the first time as root, when I should have opened as user. At any rate, I can now only open the browser as root, and when I do I get this message: opera: $HOME set to /root. Use -personaldir if you do not want to use /root/.opera/ Can someone give me a heads up on how to fix this, as the above message is a mystery to me. Thank you! Rem ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 10:02 AM, Alessandro Baggi alessandro.ba...@gmail.com wrote: Hi list. Who is better, qmail or postfix? qmail is more secure... but the design is just as alien to unix as sendmail is for example, the fact that qmail uses custom libc, or at least did so on the version i tried. that turns off certain maintainers, and it would put me off aswell postfix on the other hand is more in tune with the rest of the system thanks in advance ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Replacing failed disk in raidz2 zfs (and gpt)
All, I have a zroot(mirror)+zmysql(raidz2) setup on a MySQL db box. One drive failed (mfid3). We've since replaced it. I can't for the life of me get zpool to replace it. I can't remember why I used gpt instead of direct disks for the zmysql pool (but thats how it is). I've tried all of the following commands with different errors, and I must say I'm stumped. I've done this several times before for the ASF (but no gpt at play there). $ zpool scrub zmysql just runs, and completes, no error $ zpool replace zmysql gpt/disk3 cannot replace gpt/disk3 with gpt/disk3: one or more devices is currently unavailable $ zpool remove zmysql gpt/disk3 cannot remove gpt/disk3: only inactive hot spares or cache devices can be removed $ zpool offline zmysql gpt/disk3 cannot offline gpt/disk3: no valid replicas $ zpool add zmysql gpt/disk3 invalid vdev specification use '-f' to override the following errors: mismatched replication level: pool uses raidz and new vdev is disk I would say thats b/c I didn't run gpt commands on it, but see below. I think got copied over via raid card pass through, or it just hasn't rescaned it yet. $ zpool online zmysql gpt/disk3 warning: device 'gpt/disk3' onlined, but remains in faulted state use 'zpool replace' to replace devices that are no longer present $ zpool add zmysql spare gpt/disk3 cannot add to 'zmysql': one or more devices is currently unavailable $ zpool replace zmysql gpt/disk3 gpt/disk3 cannot replace gpt/disk3 with gpt/disk3: one or more devices is currently unavailable Below is some system information. More details on request. No, I can not import/export the pool, or reboot the box. Thanks in advance! $ zpool status -v zmysql pool: zmysql state: DEGRADED status: One or more devices could not be used because the label is missing or invalid. Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning in a degraded state. action: Replace the device using 'zpool replace'. see: http://www.sun.com/msg/ZFS-8000-4J scrub: scrub completed after 0h16m with 0 errors on Tue Feb 1 21:13:41 2011 config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zmysql DEGRADED 0 0 0 raidz2 DEGRADED 0 0 0 gpt/disk2 ONLINE 0 0 0 gpt/disk3 UNAVAIL 15 6.96M 0 experienced I/O failures gpt/disk4 ONLINE 0 0 0 gpt/disk5 ONLINE 0 0 0 gpt/disk6 ONLINE 0 0 0 gpt/disk7 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors $ zpool upgrade This system is currently running ZFS pool version 13. All pools are formatted using this version. $ zfs upgrade This system is currently running ZFS filesystem version 3. All filesystems are formatted with the current version. $ hd -v /dev/mfid3p1 | head hd: /dev/mfid3p1: Input/output error $ hd -v /dev/gpt/disk3 | head hd: /dev/gpt/disk3: Input/output error $ ls /dev/mfid3* crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 97 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 mfid3 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 107 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 mfid3p1 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 108 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 mfid3p2 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 109 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 mfid3p3 $ ls /dev/gpt total 1 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel - 512 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 ./ dr-xr-xr-x 7 root wheel - 512 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 ../ crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 117 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 disk0 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 122 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 disk1 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 127 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 disk2 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 132 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 disk3 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 149 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 disk4 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 154 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 disk5 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 159 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 disk6 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 164 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 disk7 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 115 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 swap0 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 120 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 swap1 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 125 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 swap2 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 130 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 swap3 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 147 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 swap4 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 152 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 swap5 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 157 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 swap6 crw-r- 1 root operator - 0, 162 Nov 17 08:03:12 2010 swap7 (yes, I know its time to update, I'm waiting on 8.2) $ uname -a FreeBSD x 8.0-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE-p2 #1 r203057: Wed Jan 27 06:42:10 UTC 2010 root@Z:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/X amd64 gpart show = 34 142081981 mfid0 GPT (68G) 34128 1 freebsd-boot (64K) 162 50331648 2 freebsd-swap (24G) 50331810 90177536 3 freebsd-zfs (43G) 1405093461572669 - free - (768M) = 34
Re: qmail or postfix?
Calling qmail more secure is pretty much just echoing conjecture at this point. Sure, it was designed to be secure (years and years ago) and the original author even held a contest with a monetary reward for anyone who could find a vulnerability -- that said, AFAIK that person no longer maintains the project. It requires lots of third party patches to be as functional as postfix, so to what extent these patches counteract the original coder's (apparent) secure coding practices is open to debate. If you know of any specific problems with postfix that would substantiate your claim I encourage you to inform the project's maintainers. From personal experience I can say that I've run a postfix config for years without problems. Also, in most networks I don't think the MTA is a very prominent attack vector; people are probably much more likely to get in through that old wordpress installation you've been meaning to upgrade for 6 months (for instance). On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 7:11 PM, Andres Perera andre...@zoho.com wrote: On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 10:02 AM, Alessandro Baggi alessandro.ba...@gmail.com wrote: Hi list. Who is better, qmail or postfix? qmail is more secure... but the design is just as alien to unix as sendmail is for example, the fact that qmail uses custom libc, or at least did so on the version i tried. that turns off certain maintainers, and it would put me off aswell postfix on the other hand is more in tune with the rest of the system thanks in advance ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: qmail or postfix?
On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 11:26 PM, Jarrod Slick jar...@e-sensibility.com wrote: Calling qmail more secure is pretty much just echoing conjecture at this point. Sure, it was designed to be secure (years and years ago) and the original author even held a contest with a monetary reward for anyone who could find a vulnerability -- that said, AFAIK that person no longer maintains the project. It requires lots of third party patches to be as functional as postfix, so to what extent these patches counteract the original coder's (apparent) secure coding practices is open to debate. that would be besides the point. having the ability to patch up freebsd doesn't grant me the authority of claiming that my work is the official version, or atleast doesn't guarantee that i'll have an audience for my claim If you know of any specific problems with postfix that would substantiate your claim I encourage you to inform the project's maintainers. From personal experience I can say that I've run a postfix config for years without problems. Also, in most networks I don't think the MTA is a very prominent attack vector; people are probably much more likely to get in through that old wordpress installation you've been meaning to upgrade for 6 months (for instance). you seem to be confused by what i posted i don't have an explicit example (e.g., buffer overflow) to show that qmail is more secure. it has to do with the design principles of each and how the system is layed out. while it's true that postfix is partitioned, qmail goes a little further than that by taking a big dump on libc that's not to say that postfix is inherently insecure ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
4k drives and zfs
Hi All, A quick question. Im upgrading my filer at home to have 2x 2tb samsung F4EG drives. I believe these are 4k drives. I'm intending to use the gnop trick to get zfs ashift to 12. Will this make my pool unbootable. I have read a few threads aluding to this. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
AHCI dvd woes
old problem on HP laptops. the workaround has been to go to the BIOS and switch from AHCI to IDE interface; but my BIOS doesn't support switching. is anybody working on this? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Opening Opera as user
On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 6:17 PM, Rem P Roberti remeg...@comcast.net wrote: I installed linux-opera, and I guess I made a mistake by opening it the first time as root, when I should have opened as user. At any rate, I can now only open the browser as root, and when I do I get this message: opera: $HOME set to /root. Use -personaldir if you do not want to use /root/.opera/ Can someone give me a heads up on how to fix this, as the above message is a mystery to me. Most likely, it is trying to use /root/.opera for your profile and is crashing early in the startup because the regular user can't write there. I would save any bookmarks or other useful items and then delete the folder. I haven't run into this in FreeBSD but you can get similar problems in Windows if a global profile is created in C:\Program Files\Opera by an administrator. -- Rob Farmer ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Opening Opera as user
On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 6:17 PM, Rem P Robertiremeg...@comcast.net wrote: I installed linux-opera, and I guess I made a mistake by opening it the first time as root, when I should have opened as user. At any rate, I can now only open the browser as root, and when I do I get this message: opera: $HOME set to /root. Use -personaldir if you do not want to use /root/.opera/ Can someone give me a heads up on how to fix this, as the above message is a mystery to me. Most likely, it is trying to use /root/.opera for your profile and is crashing early in the startup because the regular user can't write there. I would save any bookmarks or other useful items and then delete the folder. I haven't run into this in FreeBSD but you can get similar problems in Windows if a global profile is created in C:\Program Files\Opera by an administrator. That's interesting. The problem is that there is no /root/.opera folder. As a matter of fact there doesn't seem to be any folders at all that refer to the linux-opera browser, in my /home/user directory, or anywhere else. So I have no idea where the program is storing the profile info. Rem ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Opening Opera as user
On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 9:47 PM, Rem P Roberti remeg...@comcast.net wrote: That's interesting. The problem is that there is no /root/.opera folder. As a matter of fact there doesn't seem to be any folders at all that refer to the linux-opera browser, in my /home/user directory, or anywhere else. So I have no idea where the program is storing the profile info. Rem I think /usr/local/bin/opera is a shell script that sets a couple environment variables and starts the real binary, so maybe you could open it and see if there are any clues. Otherwise, I have no other idea. Sorry :( -- Rob Farmer ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Opening Opera as user
Could you post your environment variables? btw. how do you login / start x? (eg login in the console and use startx, or using any login manager like xdm, kdm, gdm, slim...) Armin On 02/02/11 06:47, Rem P Roberti wrote: On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 6:17 PM, Rem P Robertiremeg...@comcast.net wrote: I installed linux-opera, and I guess I made a mistake by opening it the first time as root, when I should have opened as user. At any rate, I can now only open the browser as root, and when I do I get this message: opera: $HOME set to /root. Use -personaldir if you do not want to use /root/.opera/ Can someone give me a heads up on how to fix this, as the above message is a mystery to me. Most likely, it is trying to use /root/.opera for your profile and is crashing early in the startup because the regular user can't write there. I would save any bookmarks or other useful items and then delete the folder. I haven't run into this in FreeBSD but you can get similar problems in Windows if a global profile is created in C:\Program Files\Opera by an administrator. That's interesting. The problem is that there is no /root/.opera folder. As a matter of fact there doesn't seem to be any folders at all that refer to the linux-opera browser, in my /home/user directory, or anywhere else. So I have no idea where the program is storing the profile info. Rem ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Opening Opera as user
Could you post your environment variables? btw. how do you login / start x? (eg login in the console and use startx, or using any login manager like xdm, kdm, gdm, slim...) Armin On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 6:17 PM, Rem P Robertiremeg...@comcast.net wrote: I installed linux-opera, and I guess I made a mistake by opening it the first time as root, when I should have opened as user. At any rate, I can now only open the browser as root, and when I do I get this message: opera: $HOME set to /root. Use -personaldir if you do not want to use /root/.opera/ Can someone give me a heads up on how to fix this, as the above message is a mystery to me. Most likely, it is trying to use /root/.opera for your profile and is crashing early in the startup because the regular user can't write there. I would save any bookmarks or other useful items and then delete the folder. I haven't run into this in FreeBSD but you can get similar problems in Windows if a global profile is created in C:\Program Files\Opera by an administrator. That's interesting. The problem is that there is no /root/.opera folder. As a matter of fact there doesn't seem to be any folders at all that refer to the linux-opera browser, in my /home/user directory, or anywhere else. So I have no idea where the program is storing the profile info. Rem I log in directly from the console using 'startx'. And I hate to sound really ignorant, but I'm still pretty much a newbie and not sure where the environment variables are found. Rem ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Opening Opera as user
On Wed, Feb 2, 2011 at 12:14 AM, Rem P Roberti remeg...@comcast.net wrote: I log in directly from the console using 'startx'. And I hate to sound really ignorant, but I'm still pretty much a newbie and not sure where the environment variables are found. You should be doing this step as your normal user, not root if that is what you are doing. Otherwise whatever you run from X with start as root. If you see a '#' at the end of your prompt, it's a root prompt. You may find it easier to follow the handbook's guide on desktop environments using the auto startup methods. Some of the DE prevent you from logging in as root so you wouldn't have been able to run into this issue. If you do plan on using this as a desktop system, a desktop environment can make things easier anyway. You can always drop down to a console if needed but most of the time it's a lot more convient to use the DE's terminal or konsole or whatever. -- Adam Vande More ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Opening Opera as user
On Wed, Feb 2, 2011 at 12:14 AM, Rem P Roberti remeg...@comcast.net mailto:remeg...@comcast.net wrote: I log in directly from the console using 'startx'. And I hate to sound really ignorant, but I'm still pretty much a newbie and not sure where the environment variables are found. You should be doing this step as your normal user, not root if that is what you are doing. Otherwise whatever you run from X with start as root. If you see a '#' at the end of your prompt, it's a root prompt. You may find it easier to follow the handbook's guide on desktop environments using the auto startup methods. Some of the DE prevent you from logging in as root so you wouldn't have been able to run into this issue. If you do plan on using this as a desktop system, a desktop environment can make things easier anyway. You can always drop down to a console if needed but most of the time it's a lot more convient to use the DE's terminal or konsole or whatever. I always start x as user. I learned early on not to make the mistake of starting X as root. I use Fluxbox with X, and had a terminal window open there with root invoked for that window. That's when I first tried to open linux-opera. Naturally, it opened fine, but will not open if I try to do the same thing from a terminal window as user. I would like to set up Opera to open from the Fluxbox menu, but in order for that to happen the program needs to be opened as user, which is just what I can't do. Rem ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Opening Opera as user
On Wed, Feb 2, 2011 at 12:47 AM, Rem P Roberti remeg...@comcast.net wrote: I always start x as user. I learned early on not to make the mistake of starting X as root. I use Fluxbox with X, and had a terminal window open there with root invoked for that window. That's when I first tried to open linux-opera. Naturally, it opened fine, but will not open if I try to do the same thing from a terminal window as user. I would like to set up Opera to open from the Fluxbox menu, but in order for that to happen the program needs to be opened as user, which is just what I can't do. I'm not an opera user so maybe there's a reason I'm not aware of, but why are you using linux-opera and not the native version? You can try to run it under truss(1) to see if that gives any clues as where it's failing. -- Adam Vande More ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Opening Opera as user
I always start x as user. I learned early on not to make the mistake of starting X as root. I use Fluxbox with X, and had a terminal window open there with root invoked for that window. That's when I first tried to open linux-opera. Naturally, it opened fine, but will not open if I try to do the same thing from a terminal window as user. I would like to set up Opera to open from the Fluxbox menu, but in order for that to happen the program needs to be opened as user, which is just what I can't do. I'm not an opera user so maybe there's a reason I'm not aware of, but why are you using linux-opera and not the native version? You can try to run it under truss(1) to see if that gives any clues as where it's failing. The reason that I installed linux-opera, as opposed to the native version, is that all of the linux plugins seem to work quite well with this version. Flash, for example, works beautifully, which is something that I have never had success using with any other browser and FreeBSD. Rem ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
