nanosleep, pthreads, FreeBSD 7.2
Hi, As I underestand things, nanosleep() is supposed to affect only the thread to which it is applied. I have a test program in which it appears to block both that thread and the thread which created it. Is this a known problem? Am I misreading things? I'm on 7.2; does this change in later versions? Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Please disregard earlier message re: nanosleep, pthreads, and 7.3
A few hours ago I wrote: As I underestand things, nanosleep() is supposed to affect only the thread to which it is applied. I have a test program in which it appears to block both that thread and the thread which created it. Is this a known problem? Am I misreading things? I'm on 7.2; does this change in later versions? The word appears was apt. My test program, though only a page long, was in error. I am happy to now go hunting my real problems, and I apologize for disturbing you, especially those of you who may now be buzzing through source code to see if I might possibly be right. Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Kernel swap zone exhausted, what is the max allowed? FBSD 7.2
Hi, I was recently forced to reboot a 7.2 machine after it had run for several months. (Upgrade is not a possibility right now.) The (apparently) relevant part of /var/log/messages reads -- Feb 23 13:10:58 gold kernel: pid 9864 (to), uid 1001: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) Feb 23 17:14:13 gold kernel: pid 10386 (epiphany), uid 0: exited on signal 11 (core dumped) Feb 23 17:18:19 gold kernel: pid 10414 (epiphany), uid 0: exited on signal 11 (core dumped) Feb 24 14:56:05 gold kernel: swap zone exhausted, increase kern.maxswzone Feb 24 14:56:36 gold last message repeated 1933 times Feb 24 14:56:57 gold last message repeated 1635 times Feb 24 14:56:57 gold kernel: swap zone exhausted, nncrxase kern.ma swzone Feb 24 14:56:57 gold kernel: swap zone exhausted, increase kern.maxswzone Feb 24 14:57:28 gold last message repeated 1017 times Feb 24 14:59:29 gold last message repeated 2159 times Feb 24 15:14:03 gold syslogd: kernel boot file is /boot/kernel/kernel --- I don't explicitly set kern.maxswzone anywhere and it is at its apparent maximum and default of 32M (33554432). Does anyone know if the maximum can be increased? (What actually is it used for?) I do use lots of memory-intensive processes, most of them idle much of the time. I see that it's involved with the stuff in the src/sys/vm directory. Would someone give me a quick precis or pointer to what I need to study to understand what would happen if I tried to boost this to 64M? Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
rusage and pthreads
Hi, I'm trying to figure out the interactions between rusage and pthreads. Peeking around in the kernel (7.2) I see updates occurring in various places. kern_clock.c, for instance, appears to increment the memory occupancy (*rss) counters. This would make it appear that every thread gets part of the count, but also that only the process that happens to have the CPU at that moment gets its count updated, even if it holds the memory. Am I misreading this? And the context switch counters also appear to be updated per-thread, but in mi_switch(), in kern_synch.c. Is this true? If the answer is yes, it's per-thread, then how does a process report its usages without putting the requisite code in each thread, along with the machinery to divert from whatever the thread is doing (even waiting on I/O) to get the report at (nearly) the same time in all threads? Is there a big design hole here? Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: rusage and pthreads
Chuck, I'm trying to figure out the interactions between rusage and pthreads. There largely isn't any-- struct rusage is per-process, not per thread. Peeking around in the kernel (7.2) I see updates occurring in various places. kern_clock.c, for instance, appears to increment the memory occupancy (*rss) counters. This would make it appear that every thread gets part of the count, but also that only the process that happens to have the CPU at that moment gets its count updated, even if it holds the memory. Am I misreading this? Nope. statclock() is fired off periodically (with some fuzz, to avoid clever games by processes trying to avoid being sampled) to update the stats for the currently running process. And the context switch counters also appear to be updated per-thread, but in mi_switch(), in kern_synch.c. Is this true? Probably. If the answer is yes, it's per-thread, then how does a process report its usages without putting the requisite code in each thread, along with the machinery to divert from whatever the thread is doing (even waiting on I/O) to get the report at (nearly) the same time in all threads? The process doesn't have userland threads updating this information. The kernel keeps track of it, and it updates the information periodically when the scheduler does context switches, when statclock() fires off, when disk I/O completes, etc. I'm looking at kern_clock.c::statclock(int usermode) The code in question begins struct rusage* ru; struct vmspace* vm; struct thread *td; struct proc *p; ... td = curthread; p = td-td_proc; and continues further down ru = td-td_ru; ru-ru_ixrss += pgtok(vm-vm_tsize); ru-ru_idrss += pgtok(vm-vm_dsize); ru-ru_isrss += pgtok(vm-vm_ssize); This looks to me like it's accumulating the data in per-thread counters. What's more, it's consistent with what I'm seeing on the user side. Note that this is 7.2; if 8.x behaves differently I'd like to know. Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: rusage and pthreads
Chuck, I forgot to add: Nope. statclock() is fired off periodically (with some fuzz, to avoid clever games by processes trying to avoid being sampled) to update the stats for the currently running process. Which would mean that a process that is occupying memory but doesn't happen to be running on that clock tick doesn't have its memory counted toward the total ... right? Mark ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: freebsd-questions Digest, Vol 340, Issue 15
It's ok, that i can use this, when i want an incrementing
sequence, in a given way:
# {START..END..INCREMENT}
$ for i in {0..10..2}; do echo Welcome $i times; done
Welcome 0 times
Welcome 2 times
Welcome 4 times
Welcome 6 times
Welcome 8 times
Welcome 10 times
$
but what's the magic for this? :
$ MAGIC; do echo Welcome $i times; done
Welcome 0 times
Welcome 1 times
Welcome 4 times
Welcome 5 times
Welcome 8 times
Welcome 9 times
$
What's wrong with
for i in 0 1 4 5 8 9 ; do echo Welcome $i times; done
?
Or is there some rule that you want followed? If there is, it's not
obvious to me. (Sorry.)
Mark Terribile
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Re: freebsd-questions Digest, Vol 340, Issue 15
Okay, per private correspondence, here's one that works for the rule (insert
your
own upper limit):
(( s = -3, d = -1 )) ; while (( i = ( s += 2 + ( d = -d ) ), i = 12 )) ; do
echo Welcome $i times
done
Yeah, this needs an explanation in the comments, and it might be tricky to
extend to other sequences. But I think I could do it for most reasonable ones.
--- On Sun, 12/12/10, Derrick Ryalls ryal...@gmail.com wrote:
From: Derrick Ryalls ryal...@gmail.com
Subject: Re: freebsd-questions Digest, Vol 340, Issue 15
To: Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com
Cc: S Mathias smathias1...@yahoo.com, freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
Date: Sunday, December 12, 2010, 1:22 PM
On Sun, Dec 12, 2010 at 9:45 AM, Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com wrote:
It's ok, that i can use this, when i want an incrementing
sequence, in a given way:
# {START..END..INCREMENT}
$ for i in {0..10..2}; do echo Welcome $i times; done
Welcome 0 times
Welcome 2 times
Welcome 4 times
Welcome 6 times
Welcome 8 times
Welcome 10 times
$
but what's the magic for this? :
$ MAGIC; do echo Welcome $i times; done
Welcome 0 times
Welcome 1 times
Welcome 4 times
Welcome 5 times
Welcome 8 times
Welcome 9 times
$
What's wrong with
for i in 0 1 4 5 8 9 ; do echo Welcome $i times; done
?
Or is there some rule that you want followed? If there is, it's not
obvious to me. (Sorry.)
Mark Terribile
+1, +3, +1, +3
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Page faults and threads
Hi, Can anyone tell me: when a thread hits a page fault in a multithread program on FreeBSD, is the entire program stopped waiting for the page to be loaded/made ready or just the one thread? Has this changed in recent versions with the changes to the scheduler? And, if you know, do other Open-Source OS's do the same thing, or are they all different? Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
swap pager:indefinite wait buffer: message out of vm.c
Hi, Would some kind soul please tell me the meaning of a message coming from vm.c (FreeBSD 7.2): swap pager: indefinite wait buffer: bufobj: 0, blkno: 2, size: 4096 This message occurs after a return from an msleep whose last args are PSWP, swread, and HZ*20 . When it occurs, some interactive program is locked up. It recovers sometime later. My best guess is that this is a complaint that swap or paging I/O has been excessively delayed. It is occurring while I am running disk-to-disk transfers that have deep buffering. Think mbuf(1), but it's my own code, testing some algorithms. I speculate that if the disk queuing/head movement optimization doesn't let the heads move off the file system where the file resides (and I only see this with large, single files) then this problem might result. But that is a guess, and speculation. Does anyone know if this can occur under later versions of FreeBSD? Thank you for your help. Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
MSI D512E video card, nVIDIA 8400GS, No Screens Detected during startx, FBDS 7.2
Hi, Where do I find the hardware compatibility/driver lists for the version(s) of X now in use on FreeBSD? I have a card that's failing (dead fan; I *WILL* try to replace) and purchased a nice, cheap MSI card with an nVIDIA GEFORCE chipset. It provides a character display but on startx I get no screens detected. The card is an MSI D512E; the chipset is GEFORCE 8400GS. Any further info will be appreciated. Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
CD burning woes, redux
Hi, My CD burning woes continue. I've replaced a power supply that was almost certainly marginal (kernel page fault failures during fsck on two drives at once, but not on one at a time) and put a brand new SATA DVD burner on the machine (LITE-ON iHAS124-04). uname -a reports FreeBSD silver.local 7.2-RELEASE FreeBSD 7.2-RELEASE #5: Thu May 20 09:45:44 EDT 2010 t...@silver.local:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/SMP-GONDOLIN i386 Power supply is a new 400W Rosewill; MB is by Asus, processor is a Core 2 Quad running at (I think) 2.25 GHz. (It's under 2.3.) I added an MSI GeForce video card (X doesn't want to run on the mobo video). There are two SATA disks, both 7200 RPM and neither in service for very long. (I only buy 5-year-warranty drives.) They are in a carrier with a fan and are cool to the touch. The processor cores run between 49 and 57 C; the NB chip has a big copper heat sink with an 8 CFM fan; HS is warm at the bottom and cool at the top. This worked a few weeks ago, when I burned about forty of these Archival Gold disks. cdrecord -v reports that they have the same chemistry and write strategy as the TDK cheapies. I've tried with both atapi/cdburn and atapicam/cdrecord. I've tried with both TDK CDs and the expensive archival-grade discs I'm trying to burn. The operation pauses for a very long time, the activity LED on the drive flashes, and I get console messages thus: Aug 14 07:03:50 silver kernel: acd0: TIMEOUT - WRITE_BIG retrying (1 retry left) Aug 14 07:03:50 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - TEST_UNIT_READY freeing taskqueue zombie request Aug 14 07:03:51 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - TEST_UNIT_READY taskqueue timeout - completing request directly Aug 14 07:03:51 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - TEST_UNIT_READY freeing taskqueue zombie request Aug 14 07:04:31 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - unknown CMD (0x4a) taskqueue timeout - completing request directly Aug 14 07:04:31 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - unknown CMD (0x4a) freeing taskqueue zombie request Aug 14 07:04:51 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - TEST_UNIT_READY taskqueue timeout - completing request directly Aug 14 07:04:51 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - TEST_UNIT_READY freeing taskqueue zombie request Aug 14 07:08:13 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - TEST_UNIT_READY taskqueue timeout - completing request directly Aug 14 07:08:52 silver kernel: acd0: TIMEOUT - WRITE_BIG retrying (1 retry left) Aug 14 07:08:52 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - TEST_UNIT_READY freeing taskqueue zombie request Aug 14 07:08:53 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - TEST_UNIT_READY taskqueue timeout - completing request directly Aug 14 07:08:53 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - TEST_UNIT_READY freeing taskqueue zombie request Aug 14 07:09:33 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - unknown CMD (0x4a) taskqueue timeout - completing request directly Aug 14 07:09:33 silver kernel: acd0: WARNING - unknown CMD (0x4a) freeing taskqueue zombie request Lather, rinse, repeat. Sometimes it makes it to the end of the disk, more often with the cheap disks that with the $2.00-to-burn-a-coaster archival disks. I get about the same messages whether using atapi or atapicam. I have had the whole machine lock up twice. Once it was apparently a disk system lockup; I could get prompts but nothing would run. It freed up, apparently after something was run, the other time it stopped responding to the console keyboard in any way and nothing moved on the display. The drive seems to only want to write at speed 48. Using cdrecord speed=0 (use slowest available) is runs at the same 48 that it runs at with no speed= . I will be grateful for any suggestions. Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Page fault in kernel when using CD, BSD 7.2
Hi, Second problem: on a machine (Core 2 Quad, 2.24 GHz) the CD/DVD drive has started to give me page faults in the kernel. The press any key on the console to halt the reboot does not work. Okay, now it's happening with nothing but the fsck running. It takes maybe fifteen minutes. I'm using an ASUS P5N7A-VM mobo, AMI BIOS. The NB heatsink is barely warm (fan cooled), the memory is just warm to the touch, I've blown everything out, etc. I've got two SATA disks (Seagate and WD), in a carrier well-ventilated by a fan. They are barely warm. The CD was not in use. Ambient temperature is about 83 to 86F and this machine is a mobo on a standoffs on a board (until I free up the case it's supposed to go in). Granted that I may have a HW problem, but does the way the problem has manifested suggest anything about where to start? Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Page fault in kernel when using CD, BSD 7.2
Hi, In the last two days I've had two nasty problems on two machines. The first started dumping core on epiphany, apparently when the Javascript garbage collector ran. I found that the fan on the video card was running and stopping. I jury-rigged a fan over it (until I get a new one) and the problem has gone away. Probably nothing to do with the second problem, but who knows? Second problem: on a machine (Core 2 Quad, 2.24 GHz) the CD/DVD drive has started to give me page faults in the kernel. The press any key on the console to halt the reboot does not work. I've been using this drive on and off for months. I've checked all the connections (PATA), blown out the machine (the temperatures reported by sysctl range from 50 to 59 degrees from core to core), and put a different power lead into the drive. Sometimes the console gets large transfer errors (I don't want to excite the problem right now, as the fsck is finally running) before the fault. The disk transfers don't work, the drive won't open, the process can't be interrupted, etc. The error usually comes a few minutes after the drive stops working. Yes, the processor is running a little hot, but I don't think it's dangerous and its been like this for months. I have a compact heat sink on it and the interaction between the rotor/stator fan and the CPU speed control reduces the speed too much at low load. But again, it's been like that for months. Does anyone have any suggestions? Is it worth trying a new PATA or SATA drive? Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Page fault in kernel when using CD, BSD 7.2
Hi, Second problem: on a machine (Core 2 Quad, 2.24 GHz) the CD/DVD drive has started to give me page faults in the kernel. The press any key on the console to halt the reboot does not work. Okay, now it's happening with nothing but the fsck running. It takes maybe fifteen minutes. Okay, I've got a suspect. I got it past the fsck by going ino Single User and doing the file systems one disk at a time. (Two on this machine). I suspect the power supply has gone marginal. My spare is much bigger than the what I need for this machine; I'll wait on a replacement if I can. And I'll let you all know. Thanks to those who've written. Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Burning CDs on FreeBSD 7.2
Polytropon, I'm using the atapicam/cdrecord solution. But when I do a dd read to verify the write, the read ends on an I/O error rather than an EOF. (I'm not sure that this problem is new.) ... There are plenty of console messages, including READ_BIG retrying, READ_BIG timed out, TEST_UNIT_READY freeing zombie taskqueue request, and PREVENT_ALLOW taskqueue timeout - compiing request directly . I start wondering if this may be due to a defective drive, or wrong cable, or even through DMA incompatibilites... I tried taking the drive out of the 5.4 machine. No difference. Also, the ATAPICAM subsystem gets into a state where the eject program will report drive busy but cdrecord can still operate the drive. I think that in doing whatever was needed to accomodate DVDs, the subsystem was broken. It looks like cdrecord manages to work around it. Instead of using dd (have you made sure to use the correct block size?) try using readcd (comes with cdrecord); see man cdrecord for details and examples. I'll try it. I am using the correct block size, and the data retrieved cmp's correctly against the iso fs image used to create the disk. dd was means for exactly such purposes, and if it can't work, the OS is doing a bad job. This is definitely NOT reliable enough to put into a script (which would make handling the many file names more reliable). Under 5.4 I did this by script routinely. Question is, under which category do I report this? Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Burning CDs on FreeBSD 7.2
clues about what is still wrong here. Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Burning CDs on FreeBSD 7.2
Hi, I have several systems, one on 5.4 and two on 7.2 . I keep the 5.4 system because every time I upgrade something breaks and cannot be fixed without (apparently) weeks of effort. I *am* trying to get off it. Now: my 5.4 system is down until I replace some hardware. In the meantime I need to burn about forty data CDs. I've been using burncd on 5.4 but when I try it on 7.2 the drive and process lock up during the fixate step. Clearing them requires a reboot. Does anyone have advice, pointers, etc.? If you point me to pseudo-SCSI, please give me pointers to all parts of the solution, since the various man pages don't have proper links to each other. (Hint to man page authors: the SEE ALSO entries are very important, and you must consider ALL levels, from other apps to the system calls used.) Thank you for your help. Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
copying a disk with ignoring errors
On Tue, Jan 05, 2010 at 03:31:46PM +0100, Christoph Kukulies wrote: I recall a case when I had a hard disk that had got bad sectors and it wasn't accessible through normal mounting anymore. Then a tool came into the game that - I believe - Poul Henning had recommended or written for this purpose. It copies a disk sector by sector to a file (kind of dd), but ignores errors, it just skips sectors it couldn't read (after a couple of retries). The result was, that one had a - albeit - worm-eaten - image of the disk allowing to access the filesystem and getting to the important files with a little luck these not being amongst the corrupted data. Anyone knowing what this little tool was named? Something like diskcopy, devcopy, I forgot. -- Christoph dd conv=noerror? I recently had an episode with a failing hard drive. Normal file system operation couldn't read certain sectors, but reading the whole disk linearly (dd if=/dev/ad bs=) did work. Since larger drives are now cheaper, I set up a file system on a new BIG drive, copied the slices out to files on it, then made those files into memory disks, mounted them, and copied the contents off. I had to experiment a bit to find a blocksize that worked. I believe it was a smallish power of two in sectors. It might be worth a try. I've also recovered SCSI drives that developed bad sectors by writing specifically those sectors, as you are trying to do. Whether it fixed a bad write (perhaps due to a powerfail while writing?) or it caused the drive to remap the sector I don't know. I do know that most of my hardware cursing over the last two years has been due to disk drive power connectors, which seem to work reliably just once. If you move anything you take your data's safety in your hands when you reconnect. SATA's power connectors are the answer to a prayer. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Ssh: Disconnecting: Corrupted MAC on input
Hi, I am seeing a problem using ssh with a long-running job. After some time, it shuts down, reporting Disconnecting: Corrupted MAC on input. Sometimes it reports a checksum error instead. Sometimes it runs to completion (which takes about two hours). This is between two 7.2 machines; it also occurs between one 7.2 machine and a 5.4 machine (which I will convert as soon as I have all my stuff running properly on 7.2). I'm using ssh here because I need to pipe a large data stream from machine to machine. When it works--and it will sometimes work for days on end--it's great. But recently this problem has become the rule rather than the exception. Any ideas? Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Setting fonts and other defaults in Xorg--new q? on font menu
2) fonts: There are a couple of cool commands, fc-list and xfontsel to list the installed fonts. I used these to set fonts after testing options by starting some variations with xterm -fa 'Liberation Mono' -fs 10 xterm -fa Bitstream Vera Sans Mono -fs 9 After finding what you like simply add the lines to ~/.Xdefaults: XTerm*faceName: Liberation Mono XTerm*faceSize: 10 Is there a way to change the contents of the xterm font menu without editing the xterm source? If so, how to do it? Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
debugging slow network
From: Anton Shterenlikht me...@bristol.ac.uk Subject: debugging slow network 20091220132250.ga94...@mech-cluster241.men.bris.ac.uk I seem to have a very slow network connection at work. All local switches are supposed to be gigabit, and my network card is gigabit as well. But download speed seems to be much lower. I'm not a networks person, but I understand there could many factors affecting the speed. There appear to be a multitute of different network related commands just in base OS. Which should I start with to get some idea of the actual network speed? netstat? And should I be looking for? You might also check that all your cables are Cat5e or Cat6. If you have a Category 4 cable in there somewhere it could be causing errors and retries or forcing the network interfaces to revert to a lower speed after enough errors. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Editing a binary file
On Fri, Dec 18, 2009 at 09:33:49AM -0700, Warren Block wrote:
per...@pluto.rain.com wrote:
Greg Larkin glar...@freebsd.org wrote:
...
truncate -4 myfile should get rid of the last four bytes. Maybe
there's a similar efficient way to truncate the start of a file.
This should do it:
dd if=oldfile of=newfile bs=1 skip=4
Or, perhaps marginally more efficient:
dd if=oldfile of=newfile bs=4 skip=1
It would be nice to avoid the file copy, but maybe there's no way to do
that. The small buffer size for dd will probably make copies of
multi-gig files slow. This might be faster:
tail -c +5 myfile outfile
truncate -4 outfile
yes, quite. On 1.5GHz ia64, on 1GB binary file tail takes about 25 s,
but dd.. I killed after 25 min (!) and it had only done 1/3 of the file.
But even tail is too slow.
So I'll probably have to write a C I/O routine and avoid fortran I/O
alltogether, so I write straight away just my data.
I'm a ksh partisan, so I tried it this way:
{ dd bs=4 count=1 of=/dev/null ; cat ; } oldfile newfile
I ran this on a 640M file residing on a 10K rpm SCSI disk on an old 5.4 system.
(Yes, I'm trying to upgrade but the ports are killing me; I may have q?s
later.) It took 111 seconds wall time. Not great, not bad for 640M in the
file system. Both files were on the same disk, which was buzzing along at
about 120 tps.
I'm sure this is possible in csh, though I'd have to spend some man page time
to get the syntax right.
Yes, a custom program will be faster if you go through stdio or C++'s iostreams
AND OPEN THE FILE EXPLICITLY because they do the read via mmap, saving one
copy. If you do the read via read(2) it won't be that much faster. I suspect
(but have not bothered to prove) that in this case cat(1) used simple reads.
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ad4 and ad4c ? What is ad4c?
Hi, I've just put a FreeBSD 7.2 up on another system, which I am converting from 5.4. In the process, I put in two new SATA disks, which received the installation; the existing PATA disk I kept so that I could retrieve data from it. Now I see the expected ad0 and ad2 disks, with the expected ad0s1a and so forth. But for the PATA drive I have both ad4 and ad4c, ad4s1 and ad4cs1, ad4s1a and ad4cs1a, and so on. What are the do the ad4c* entries represent? How do they differ from the ad4 entries? Where do I find this in the manual? Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Ports: evolution-exchange, libkrb5.so.9 and libkrb5.so.23 (the latter from heimdal)
Hi, I'm continuing to get 7.2 running and configured for my use. Now I have a conflict in ports. Making gnome2 triggers a make of evolution-exchange, which in turn gives me: /usr/bin/ld: warning: libkrb5.so.9, needed by /usr/local/lib/libexchange-storage-1.2.so, may conflict with libkrb5.so.23 /usr/lib/libkrb5.so.9: undefined reference to `copy_octet_string' I've run pkgdb -F and portupgrade (on gnome2, on evolution-exchange, and -a). libkrb5.so.23 appears to belong to heimdal (which I have pkg_delete'd and rebuilt from ports after a portupgrade) but I don't know where libkrb5.so.9 comes from, nor why evolution-exchange wants the lower-numbered one. Any suggestions? The full output of the last make run is below. If you want the long one, from scratch, I can provide that too. Mark Terribile materrib...@yahoo.com === Building for evolution-exchange-2.26.3_1 gmake all-recursive gmake[1]: Entering directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3' Making all in camel gmake[2]: Entering directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3/camel' gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for `all'. gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3/camel' Making all in mail gmake[2]: Entering directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3/mail' gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for `all'. gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3/mail' Making all in addressbook gmake[2]: Entering directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3/addressbook' gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for `all'. gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3/addressbook' Making all in calendar gmake[2]: Entering directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3/calendar' gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for `all'. gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3/calendar' Making all in storage gmake[2]: Entering directory `/usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/evolution-exchange-2.26.3/storage' /bin/sh /usr/realports/mail/evolution-exchange/work/gnome-libtool --tag=CC --mode=link cc -O2 -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -DLDAP_DEPRECATED -L/usr/local/lib -o evolution-exchange-storage exchange-autoconfig-wizard.o exchange-component.o exchange-config-listener.o exchange-change-password.o exchange-migrate.o exchange-storage.o main.o ../mail/libexchangemail.la ../addressbook/libexchangeaddressbook.la ../calendar/libexchangecalendar.la ../camel/camel-stub-marshal.lo -L/usr/local/lib -lldap -llber -Wl,-R/usr/local/lib/evolution/2.26 -pthread -L/usr/local/lib/evolution/2.26 -L/usr/local/lib -leshell -leutil -lgnomeui-2 -lSM -lICE -lbonoboui-2 -lgnomevfs-2 -lgnomecanvas-2 -lgnome-2 -lpopt -lart_lgpl_2 -ledataserverui-1.2 -ledata-book-1.2 -lebook-1.2 -ledata-cal-1.2 -lebackend-1.2 -lecal-1.2 -lical -licalss -licalvcal -lglade-2.0 -lgtk-x11-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lXext -lXrender -lXinerama -lXi -lXrandr -lXcursor -lXcomposite -lXdamage -lpangoft2-1.0 -lXfixes -lcairo -lX11 -lpango-1.0 -lm -lfreetype -lfontconfig -lcamel-provider-1.2 -lcamel-1.2 -ledataserver-1.2 -lsqlite3 -lxml2 -lgconf-2 -lsoup-2.4 -lbonobo-2 -lgio-2.0 -lbonobo-activation -lgmodule-2.0 -lORBit-2 -lgthread-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -Wl,-R/usr/local/lib/evolution/2.26 -pthread -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib/evolution/2.26 -leshell -lgnomeui-2 -lSM -lICE -lbonoboui-2 -lgnomevfs-2 -lgnomecanvas-2 -lgnome-2 -lpopt -lart_lgpl_2 -ledataserverui-1.2 -lglade-2.0 -lebook-1.2 -lgtk-x11-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lXext -lXrender -lXinerama -lXi -lXrandr -lXcursor -lXcomposite -lXdamage -lpangoft2-1.0 -lXfixes -lcairo -lX11 -lpango-1.0 -lm -lfreetype -lfontconfig -ledataserver-1.2 -lxml2 -lgconf-2 -lbonobo-2 -lbonobo-activation -lORBit-2 -lgthread-2.0 -lebackend-1.2 -lexchange-storage-1.2 -lsoup-2.4 -lgio-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lgmodule-2.0 -lglib-2.0 gnome-libtool: link: cc -O2 -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -DLDAP_DEPRECATED -o evolution-exchange-storage exchange-autoconfig-wizard.o exchange-component.o exchange-config-listener.o exchange-change-password.o exchange-migrate.o exchange-storage.o main.o ../camel/.libs/camel-stub-marshal.o -Wl,-R/usr/local/lib/evolution/2.26 -pthread -Wl,-R/usr/local/lib/evolution/2.26 -pthread -L/usr/local/lib ../mail/.libs/libexchangemail.a ../addressbook/.libs/libexchangeaddressbook.a ../calendar/.libs/libexchangecalendar.a -L/usr/local/lib/evolution/2.26 -L/lib -L/usr/local/lib/nss -L/usr/lib /usr/local/lib/libedata-book-1.2.so /usr/local/lib/libedata-cal-1.2.so /usr/local/lib/libecal-1.2.so /usr/local/lib/libicalss.so /usr/local/lib/libicalvcal.so /usr/local/lib
nvidia GeForce 9300/730i on 7.2, Core 2 Quad, ASUS P5N7A-VM
Hi, I've recently put FreeBSD 7.2 on an ASUS P5N7A-VM. This is a uATX (Intel) with an integrated NVIDIA GeForce 9300/730i; I have a Core 2 Quad 2.33 on it. I've installed the latest NVIDIA FreeBSD driver (NVIDIA-FreeBSD-x86-190.42.tar.gz) and the machine crashes when I try to run the xorg server. At first the console goes blank and locks up. The function-key terminal switching does not work; neither does control-alt-backspace. Remote logins (ssh) work for a while, then lock up as well. Has anyone used this driver with success on 7.2 with an integrated GeForce? What about the nouveau and nv drivers? Information follows. If there's anything else you need, please let me know. Mark Terribile /var/log/Xorg.0.log === X.Org X Server 1.6.1 Release Date: 2009-4-14 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0 Build Operating System: FreeBSD 7.2-RELEASE i386 Current Operating System: FreeBSD silver.local 7.2-RELEASE FreeBSD 7.2-RELEASE #3: Mon Nov 16 12:48:52 EST 2009 t...@silver.local:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/SMP-GONDOLIN i386 Build Date: 14 November 2009 06:13:10AM Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org to make sure that you have the latest version. Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting, (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational, (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown. (==) Log file: /var/log/Xorg.0.log, Time: Sat Nov 21 11:45:41 2009 (==) Using config file: /etc/X11/xorg.conf (==) ServerLayout Layout0 (**) |--Screen Screen0 (0) (**) | |--Monitor Monitor0 (**) | |--Device Device0 (**) |--Input Device Keyboard0 (**) |--Input Device Mouse0 (==) Automatically adding devices (==) Automatically enabling devices (**) FontPath set to: /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/:unscaled, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/:unscaled, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/:unscaled, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, built-ins (==) ModulePath set to /usr/local/lib/xorg/modules (WW) AllowEmptyInput is on, devices using drivers 'kbd', 'mouse' or 'vmmouse' will be disabled. (WW) Disabling Keyboard0 (WW) Disabling Mouse0 (II) Loader magic: 0x7a0 (II) Module ABI versions: X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4 X.Org Video Driver: 5.0 X.Org XInput driver : 4.0 X.Org Server Extension : 2.0 (II) Loader running on freebsd (--) Using syscons driver with X support (version 2.0) (--) using VT number 9 (--) PCI: (0...@0:3:5) nVidia Corporation MCP79 Co-processor rev 177, Mem @ 0xf9f8/524288 (--) PCI:*(0...@3:0:0) nVidia Corporation C79 [GeForce 9300 / nForce 730i] rev 177, Mem @ 0xfa00/16777216, 0xe000/268435456, 0xf600/33554432, I/O @ 0xdc00/128, BIOS @ 0x/65536 (II) System resource ranges: [0] -100x000f - 0x000f (0x1) MX[B] [1] -100x000c - 0x000e (0x3) MX[B] [2] -100x - 0x0009 (0xa) MX[B] [3] -100x - 0x (0x1) IX[B] [4] -100x - 0x00ff (0x100) IX[B] (II) LoadModule: extmod (II) Loading /usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/extensions//libextmod.so (II) Module extmod: vendor=X.Org Foundation compiled for 1.6.1, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 2.0 (II) Loading extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER (II) Loading extension XFree86-VidModeExtension (II) Loading extension XFree86-DGA (II) Loading extension DPMS (II) Loading extension XVideo (II) Loading extension XVideo-MotionCompensation (II) Loading extension X-Resource (II) LoadModule: dbe (II) Loading /usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/extensions//libdbe.so (II) Module dbe: vendor=X.Org Foundation compiled for 1.6.1, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 2.0 (II) Loading extension DOUBLE-BUFFER (II) LoadModule: glx (II) Loading /usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/extensions//libglx.so (II) Module glx: vendor=NVIDIA Corporation compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension (II) NVIDIA GLX Module 190.42 Tue Oct 20 19:52:38 PDT 2009 (II) Loading extension GLX (II) LoadModule: record (II) Loading /usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/extensions//librecord.so (II) Module record: vendor=X.Org Foundation compiled for 1.6.1, module version = 1.13.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 2.0 (II) Loading extension RECORD (II) LoadModule: dri (II) Loading /usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/extensions//libdri.so (II
7.2, usb mouse, uhub0: device problem (IOERROR)
Thanks to all who replied. It's working now, apparently spontaneously. It may have started as a connection problem--that's all I can think of. The first time I plugged it in and rebooted, the error occurred. I tried moving it to other ports, but I neglected to reboot--after all, USB is supposed to be hot-pluggable, unlike the PS/2 keyboard, right? At some point, the error messages stopped after a reboot. I can only speculate that there was something in the first USB connector that prevented a good contact, and that it got scraped out after a move or two. Anyone know why the USB/mouse system can't recognize a connection after a reboot, or what administrator action might allow it? Now I have to get the nvidia driver up. Cross your fingers. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
7.2, usb mouse, uhub0: device problem (IOERROR), disabling port 3
Hi, I just put 7.2 on an Asus P5N7A-VM motherboard (running with a Core II Quad 2.33). This motherboard has a PS/2 connector for the keyboard but not for the mouse. When I plug a USB mouse in, or connect a PS/2 mouse through an appropriate green adaptor (PS/2 mouse/USB) I get the following error on the console and in /var/log/messages: Nov 17 15:35:11 silver kernel: uhub0: device problem (IOERROR), disabling port 3 I've tried different USB ports and gotten similar errors. To run an X display I will need (well, very much want) a mouse. Can anyone offer advice on what I must or can do? Thanks, Mark A. Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
7.2, mouse, uhub0: device problem (IOERROR), disabling port 3 (ADDENDUM)
Oops, forgot one thing: Nov 17 15:35:11 silver kernel: uhub0: device problem (IOERROR), disabling port 3 The message repeats twice within a few seconds. After a few minutes pass, it repeats twice again, and so forth. Mark Terribile ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
DNS caching: Squid, BIND or anything else?
+++ B. Bonev [05-08-05 12:02 +0300]: | My question is what's the difference between Squid DNS caching and | BIND | and other programs that cache DNS requests? | | BIND is a DNS server. It will reply to DNS queries from others. Squid | DNS won't reply to others DNS queries. | | I want just DNS caching. Is Squid is enough for that task? I think you are misunderstanding something. Can you please tell us what exactly you are trying to achieve? As per my understanding, if you are looking for DNS caching, you can't use squid. You need DNS caching server, which can be BIND (comes in base system). It's been about four years since I had the hood open on squid, so I'll hazard a guess based on my work on another web cache (that didn't reach the market due to some bad corporate strategy). BIND will provide DNS caching as a service to other programs; that's its job. If squid or any other program NOT in the DNS business does DNS caching, it's to improve its own performance. How? Well, for one thing, going out to BIND requires messaging to another process. That slows things down. For another, the basic name-server library interface is blocking. If you want to use a few threads, running non-blocking and moving fast, you have to send those messages out yourself. (Why not use threads? If you're handling over a thousand requests per second, any backlog on DNS could put thousands of lookups on hold; that's thousands of threads and you're tying up megabytes instead of the tens or hundreds of bytes that a lookup-in- progress record would take. You could also be tying up a socket and file descriptor for each, which is a greater cost on a cache. Ask someone about the time to shut down the tcp FDs that the web uses.) If you're going to go to that much trouble, you might as well cache the results; you'll be getting back the expiration time information anyway. On the other side, the DNS system can deal with many kinds of records. Squid only cares about those that it needs to resolve web page lookups. And it doesn't want to cache any that it doesn't need, because that takes valuable main memory. What's more, if a web page isn't needed in a while, squid could drop the records from the cache, even if they haven't expired. BIND might be forced to do that, too (I don't know) but it could also keep them on disk for a while. Squid has another job to worry about. So if squid does DNS caching, it's almost certainly doing it for its own benefit, and not paying the price of being a generic DNS server. __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
ATA over 127 GByte on FBSD 4.8 ?
[materribile wrote] ===I recently replaced smaller drives with a 160G and 250G drives (IDE). They were on the Gigabyte motherboard's SiS 963 chipset. I discovered that attempts to access anything above 127G resulted in errors: ... [Kris Kennaway wrote] Try 4.11 if you don't want to make the leap to 5.x - it's unlikely that anyone will be able to help you if the problem is in 4.8 itself. 4.11 can definitely access 127GB. Looming over this is the possibility that, after I install 4.11, it still won't work, not because of a basic problem in the OS, but because I have some setting wrong somewhere. I'd be grateful for suggestions on what to check -- and for any history about when support for 127 GByte entered FreeBSD. (Is this `lba48 support'?) I did go back and read release notes; if it was in there I missed it. Mark Terribile __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ATA over 127 GByte on FBSD 4.8 ?
Glenn, At 12:32 AM 8/2/2005, Mark Terribile wrote: [materribile wrote] ===I recently replaced smaller drives with a 160G and 250G drives (IDE). ... attempts to access anything above 127G resulted in errors: [Kris Kennaway wrote] Try 4.11 if you don't want to make the leap to 5.x ... 4.11 can definitely access 127GB. Looming over this is the possibility that, after I install 4.11, it still won't work, not because of a basic problem in the OS, but because I have some setting wrong somewhere. Are you asking for solutions to problems you don't have yet? I want to solve the actual problem, not make new ones, since ... ... According to CVS logs, 48 bit addressing first appeared in version 1.60.2.19 of ata-disk.c which was included in the 4.5 release. Well, if it's supposed to work in 4.5 and beyond, and if it doesn't work on my 4.8, it's a fair bet that the problem is something in my configuration. If I don't fix that, 4.11 may not work either, and I'll have the added handicap of all the additional variables that the update may introduce. So suggestions on things to check first are still very welcome. I'll need to set a whole day aside for the upgrade to deal with surprises. I won't get that for at least a week and a half, so I have plenty of time to check other things first. Mark Terribile Start your day with Yahoo! - make it your home page http://www.yahoo.com/r/hs ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ATA over 127 GByte on FBSD 4.8 ?
Glen, I didn't see your first email. I went back and read it though, and the SIS 963 south bridge isn't supported (recognized) at all in 4.x. Based on CVS logs, it looks like support for SIS 963 south bridge wasn't available until 5.1 RELEASE. Thanks for your help. I'm still, well, not confused exactly, but uncertain. The SiS 963 seems to work with everything else I'm putting through it, including the Adaptec SCSI controller (which has only 36G disks); should it somehow prevent exactly these transfers from working with the Promise Ultra 133 TX2? Mark Terribile __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
ATA over 127 GByte on FBSD 4.8 ?
are the ATA variables I know about: p8 root:root# cat /boot/loader.conf # -- sysinstall generated deltas -- # userconfig_script_load=YES linux_load=YES nvidia_load=YES agp_load=YES # DMA on the mainboard IDE controller isn't working with the ata driver ... hw.ata.ata_dma=0 p8 root:root# sysctl -A | egrep -i ata kern.ipc.max_datalen: 136 hw.ata.ata_dma: 0 hw.ata.wc: 1 hw.ata.tags: 0 hw.ata.atapi_dma: 0 ===From the configuration file for the most recent kernel: # ATA and ATAPI devices device ata0at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14 device ata1at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15 device ata device atadisk # ATA disk drives device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives device atapist # ATAPI tape drives options ATA_STATIC_ID #Static device numbering ===What must I upgrade, and how far, to use these disks on this hardware? Thanks for your help. Mark Terribile [EMAIL PROTECTED] Start your day with Yahoo! - make it your home page http://www.yahoo.com/r/hs ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: kern.ipc.nmbclusters
Steve Bertrand [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I have a machine that is rebooting with the following error: All mbuf clusters exhausted, please see tuning(7). Which through google and man tuning I was able to figure out that indeed, mbufs were exhausted. So I tried to set kern.ipc.nmbclusters=4096 (which should cover the load of the server), but found out after it is not a run-time tunable parameter. This doesn't answer the question asked, but it may be useful. A few years ago (and a few releases ago) I was working on a network box that had to run under fairly heavy load. This was a product, and we were not satisfied with less than 100% CPU, about 6000 network stimuli/second, about 220 transaction/sec on each of five disks, etc. (On a 1GHz PIII) I discovered that I couldn't make the mbuf cluster number large enough, and that the system was prone to panic under sufficiently heavy load. Sufficiently heavy meant that we had tens of seconds of traffic queued. The solution was to shorten the TCP listen/accept queues. I cut them down to six on each file descriptor, and used kqueue/kevent (then just introduced) to schedule the work intelligently. I was able to push the box to near paralysis with 80% overload (most of it rejected because the input queues were full) but the box always recovered, and it ran at 10% overload with only a small latency degradation. The max accept queue parameter may be worth a look; YMMV. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? New and Improved Yahoo! Mail - Send 10MB messages! http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: lmmon -- re: Spontaneous Restarts
Thanks to those who've helped so far. I thought we were onto something, but ... I just ran lmmon (lmmon -i) and got outrageously high readings: 185C, varying. Yet the heat sink isn't even warm. Assuming that lmmon can be trusted, have to check (read re-do) the thermal compound. ... Before fooling around with the processor chip, I did the fastest shutdown I could (short of the reset button) and looked at the temperature known to the configuration BIOS. It was the same placid 39C +/- 1C. This leaves me fairly sure that lmmon is wrong; if it had been over 100C less than fifteen seconds before, the temperature would still have been decaying. OTOH, lmmon's value did float/bobble like a real reading. Is there another way to examine the CPU temperature on a P4 while FreeBSD is running? And, of course, there's still the original problem. In the UNIX v5 documentation for a system panic, one entry read ``Definitely hardware or software error.'' The next read ``Like the previous, but produced elsewhere.'' My restart must be the one Produced Elsewhere. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - 50x more storage than other providers! http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Problem restarts
Hi, I'm having a problem with spontaneous restarts. This isn't a new problem, but I've done the obvious things and the problem hasn't gone away. I was thinking of asking on -hackers, but I'm trying here first. The system is a 4.8 with a mix of patches and port upgrades of various ages. I'm planning to rebuild the whole thing, bringing it up to date, but I'm hoping to be able to wait for a 5.x in STABLE; I don't want to do this twice, since I expect I'll have to dump and restore everything. The hardware is a 2.6 GHz P4 with 2 GByte of GEIL dual-channel memory. (The problem existed on the previous, somewhat slower, memory as well.) The box contains the processor and motherboard (Gigabyte GA-SINXP1394), two floppy drives, CD and CD/W drives, an HP DAT, three IBM/Hitachi 36G/10K SCSI drives, and one 120G IDE. The SCSI card is by Adaptec; the video card is a low-end NVidia, and I'm running their video driver. The PS is an Antec True380, which should be enough for the box, with something to spare. There are several extra, large fans, of which more later. The system, monitor, printer, and cable modem are all powered through an APC BACK-UPS 450, about 18 months old. It's shown in the last week that it can keep things up for more than an hour. The symptom is a restart that leaves no indication of how it happened. Recently, the system shut down (completely, and at the power supply) instead of restarting. In that case, the last deliberate shutdown was a `shutdown -h now'; it appears that in every other case, the last deliberate shutdown was a `-r now'. (Question: does the machine architecture have settings for reset-resume .vs. reset-halt, settings that might be remembered when a later action occurs?) It has subsequently shut down with an immediate restart. There are no failure indications in the /var/log/messages, nor reported by dmesg. (The console scrolls by very quickly.) The message sequence over the restart typically looks like this: === Jun 7 18:39:09 moleend /kernel: arp: 24.228.64.1 moved from 00:05:00:e7:17:44 t o 00:05:00:e7:17:57 on em0 Jun 7 18:39:09 moleend /kernel: arp: 24.228.64.1 moved from 00:05:00:e7:17:57 t o 00:05:00:e7:17:44 on em0 Jun 7 18:59:06 moleend dhclient: New Network Number: 24.228.64.0 Jun 7 18:59:06 moleend dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 255.255.255.255 Jun 7 22:47:33 moleend /kernel: Copyright (c) 1992-2003 The FreeBSD Project. Jun 7 22:47:33 moleend /kernel: Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 198 9, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 The restart most often occurs AFTER X has been shut down (and often restarted) but sometimes when X has not been run. It most often occurs when the system is under heavy CPU load, but sometimes when the load has been light. I thought at one time it might be a thermal problem and undertook to fix that. (I am still working to get more cooling air over the disks.) Right now, I have 120 mm fans rated at 130-135 CFM (Panaflow and JMC) pushing air in and out of the box, and pressurizing a duct feeding the CPU cooler, which is now cool to the touch. The memory modules are cool to the touch. While the disks need a proper plenum to route more air over them, I no longer believe that there is a thermal problem. The vid card's fan-blown heatsink is warm (not hot) to the touch; the northbridge's fan-blown heatsink is warm (not hot) to the touch. (Some people commute to white-collar jobs in heavy pickups; I drive a small server as my PC. No chrome pipes.) So: what should I do next? Should I set the system up to go to the kernel debugger on panic, or even start it via the kernel debugger? (Where is the full documentation?) Should I shell out for an even bigger power supply? Is there another log that I should examine? A restart wire that I should check? A power bus I should scope? (I'll have to borrow a scope somewhere.) Is it time for an exorcist? Thanks for your help. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail is new and improved - Check it out! http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Problem restarts
Dear User LAFFER1, I had a similar problem with a server recently. The issue turned out to be the NIC/NIC driver. I changed it over to a 3com and it worked like a charm ever since. Well, I'm using the motherboard NIC, which is an Intel RC82540EM I'm also using that power supply in a server. I've noticed it gets very hot under load. I believe that model only has one fan and is considered a desktop silent model. Its possible that your system config is too much for it running 24/7. Its not the wattage per se, just that its not designed for continously use. My system is only an amd athelon 2000+ with 512mb ram, 1 7200rpm 40gig maxtor drive and a dvd reader. This is a two-fan model, with no visible speed adjustment. The output air is warm, but not outrageously so. But if that were the problem, why would the system restart immediately, and why would it be taken down by processor load rather than by a heavy disk load? Is it worth buying a 420 or 480 watt supply to test? Antec supplies are built more heavily than most, and this 380 watter cost as much as a 480 from, say, Powmax. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? New and Improved Yahoo! Mail - Send 10MB messages! http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Maximum uptime 497 days?
[Coming in late ...] On Mon, Jun 28, 2004 at 05:19:10PM +0400, Maxim Konovalov wrote: On Mon, 28 Jun 2004, 12:39+0900, Rob wrote: By accident I happen to come across this remarkable limit of uptime registration for FreeBSD systems. After 497 days, the timer jumps to zero again. 497 days is less than a 1.5 years ! Has this been fixed in newer versions of FreeBSD (stable and/or current) ? Or is there a hardware limitation (CPU?) that does not allow this? Most system management/statistical things are built around the MIB (Management Information Base) concept used by SNMP, etc. These call for time to be kept in 10,000ths of a second in a 32-bit unsigned counter. That register rolls over in about 497 days. (Later versions of the base MIB add 64-bit counters, but support isn't universal and software designs tend to prefer the original counters.) Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? New and Improved Yahoo! Mail - Send 10MB messages! http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: freebsd-questions Digest, Vol 67, Issue 4
OK, new info on the restart problem. If you know it only occurs under heavy CPU load, then that leads to two conclusions. 1. Hardware issue/thermal. Perhaps your cpu fan is not adequate. Perhaps thermal compound might help? Artic silver.. etc. Another possibility is that you have adequate cooling but a sensor on the processor, fan or motherboard watching the cpu is malfunctioning and making the system think its overheating. Can you look at the temperature readings for the cpu in the bios, etc? 2. Software issue. I just ran lmmon (lmmon -i) and got outrageously high readings: 185C, varying. Yet the heat sink isn't even warm. Assuming that lmmon can be trusted, I have to check (read re-do) the thermal compound. I'm not really looking forward to this, so if anyone knows that lmmon can't be trusted, please email me in the next few hours! I have some Arctic Silver laying around. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Take Yahoo! Mail with you! Get it on your mobile phone. http://mobile.yahoo.com/maildemo ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
command-line calculator?
What simple built-in command-line tools are available if I want to just do some simple math on the command line? Here are two possibilities: :~ man -k calculator bc(1)- An arbitrary precision calculator language dc(1)- an arbitrary precision calculator Even simpler (at least in ksh or bash): echo $((36 * 27)) (Of course, I'm one of those oddballs who not only CAN use dc(1), but likes to.) Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? New and Improved Yahoo! Mail - 100MB free storage! http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
vi, threading, EAGAIN, nonblocking (was: Error: input: Resource temporarily unavailable)
[Sorry if this has been answered; I'm catching up on freebsd-questions
and I haven't seen it in the next seven or eight digests.]
Tim Gustafson writes:
I am getting the following error in vi pretty consistently:
Error: input: Resource temporarily unavailable
Usually I get this at every attempt I make to run vi.
Here's the scenario I found for this:
A threaded program (before 5.x and the new threading system) will turn
on Nonblocking on ALL the program's file descriptors, including stdin,
stdout, and stderr. This setting is not on the process but on the open,
which is shared between processes (and thus, between various programs
that run at a given terminal, including the shell). An unsophisticated,
innocent program will try to do a read(2) on the terminal, expecting to
block waiting for input. Instead, it will receive an EAGAIN, which
basically means ``use poll(), select(), or kevent() to wait until the
input is _really_ there.'' So now vi/nvi has an input terminal that
doesn't behave like a terminal is supposed to behave; it's getting an
EAGAIN, and it does the safest thing it knows: it reports the problem
and goes away.
I use this little program to check for Nonblocking and restore the
normal (Blocking) state on the tty:
#include iostream
#include fcntl.h
#include errno.h
#include string.h
bool checkfd( int fd );
int
main()
{
return checkfd( 0 )
checkfd( 1 )
checkfd( 2 ) ? 0 : 1;
}
bool
checkfd( int fd )
{
int flags = fcntl( fd, F_GETFL, 0 );
if( flags == -1 )
{
cerr Fd fd : strerror( errno ) endl ;
return false;
}
cout fd ( ( flags O_NONBLOCK ) ? nonblocking : blocking )
endl ;
if( ! ( flags O_NONBLOCK ) )
cerr blocking endl ;
else
{
cerr nonblocking endl ;
if( fcntl( fd, F_SETFL, flags ~O_NONBLOCK ) == -1 )
{
cerr Couldn't set O_NONBLOCK: errno
strerror( errno ) endl ;
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Hope this helps.
Mark Terribile
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Re: Adaptec aic7892 Ultra160 SCSI adapter ERROR
Aurimas Mikalauskas [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes May 20 10:39:59 banners /kernel: (da0:ahc0:0:0:0): SCB 0x35 - timed out May 20 10:40:04 banners /kernel: Dump Card State Begins : : and Justin T. Gibbs [EMAIL PROTECTED] replies: This means that your drive decided not to return a command back to the controller. The controller driver was able to clear up the error by resetting the device (BDR = Bus Device Reset). The failure could indicate a drive firmware bug or that the drive is failing. I have seen similar messages that were traced to SCSI cabling problems. At the higher SCSI speeds, the electrical signal just barely has time to settle before a new signal is introduced (this is _GREATLY_ simplifying the problem; the science to study is Transmission Line Theory) and the only reason it works is that the `terminators' absorb energy and keep it from reflecting back into the line and the cabling rules (on where connectors may be placed) prevent reflections from occurring where they can cause problems. The whole thing is sensitive to poor connections, connections placed too close together, sharp bends in the cable, cables laced together face-to-face, etc. And the problems can be intermittent, or only show up under extreme load. If you haven't, make sure that the connectors are properly seated, the correct termination is installed/set, etc., and that the cable is not folded on itself or clamped face-to-face with another flat cable. And, of course, make sure that all the device IDs are set correctly. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Domains Claim yours for only $14.70/year http://smallbusiness.promotions.yahoo.com/offer ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: drive / IDE controller questions
[Joey Mingrone] I don't think the problem is with the drive itself overheating ... ... I tried the touch-test ... and the drive seems warm, but ... not hot. ... the front case fan is doing a pretty good job. ... there was a pretty good breeze blowing right around the drive itself. Two long shots: First, have you tried a new cable to the driver? It's possible the old one is marginal. (And make sure the driver jumpers are not loose.) Second, have you checked that the drive has a good ground connection to the power supply (not just the case mounting)? It's possible to have just enough resistance that the signals will be affected. You might try another connector; if the connectors are daisy-chained, you might try the one nearest the power supply. (I had a car that came from the factory with a marginal ground on the fuel-injection computer.) Of course, if you have a scope, you can check for stray ground voltages on the case. As I recall, you already made sure that the power supply is adequate on both the +5 and +12? Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Finance Tax Center - File online. File on time. http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
drive / IDE controller questions
[Jerry McAllister writes]
{Joey Mingrone writes]
I've been having problems with my western digital drive ...
The problem started out when I would randomly hear the drive restarting. It
would make a high pitch sound... (The same sound the drive makes when you
power on the system). ... Eventually they would happen over and over ...
So now, I'm guessing the problem may lie with the controller on the main
board
Another early guess might also be overheating problems. I am not sure how
you would check other than trying to make it cooler.
One way to check heating is to take the cover off and put your hand on the
drive. If it's too hot for your comfort, it's probably too hot for the drive's
comfort. You want to let the machine run and then remove the cover and check
it quickly; airflow changes when you take the cover(s) off. If that's the
problem, an extra fan in the right place can work wonders.
Don't exonorate cables too quickly; they can block airflow, especially if they
sag over time, or get pulled about by airflow.
I'm not familiar with the WD utilities; do they do surface scans? If not,
is it possible that there are problems that either the controllers or FreeBSD
cannot handle, and that these are occurring as certain blocks are put into
service? (But that wouldn't explain the failure on two drives?)
Mark Terribile
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Re: which 8-port 10/100 hub is best?
[Greg Lehey] [W. D.] [Gary Kline] I'm upgrading my hub from a 5-port hub and thought I would check with this list ... If there is a possibility that you will have some heavy traffic at times, the best hub is a switch! You are likely to have less bandwidth wasting collisions during high traffic periods. ... hubs are obsolete. You can find switches for almost nothing nowadays; don't buy hubs. ... I've never had problems with cheap switches, so I would tend to buy by price. About five years ago, when miniature hubs came out, I did have a bad experience with one. When the load neared 100 MBit/sec and stayed that high for half a minute or so, it would reset, taking at least half a minute to start up again. If you really mean to put it under load, be sure you can get a refund. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - More reliable, more storage, less spam http://mail.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: drive / IDE controller questions
[Jerry McAllister] [Joey Mingone] [Jerry McAllister] Another early guess might also be overheating problems. I am not sure how you would check other than trying to make it cooler. Could be.. although I have almost always had the case open and I have two case fans. The CPU temp is usually in the 40s or 50s C (not too bad for a 1.6GHz Athlon) and the memory is usually around 25C. ..but maybe I'll try pointing a fan at it. The case fans won't help much with the case open. Actually, I mean the disk overheating. They do that and they get worse at it as they age too. Also, some cases are designed to aid in the cooling and so with the case open, the airflow is either not properly directed or it doesn't get enough of a Bernouli or hydraulic effect... Of course, if it is a generic case that is probably not a consideration. Well, my tower box doesn't have any special baffles (yet) but if I operate it with both side panels off and push the CPU hard it will reset, and if I check the CPU heat sink I find it unusually warm. Without the forced circulation from either the exhaust fans above and to the rear or the inlet fan that I have on my disk drives, the CPU fan appears to draw back too much of the warm air it ejects below, hence the trend toward putting a side inlet vent on the machine -- a very bad idea, since it means that you can't place the machine up against another one. (The new BTX spec addresses this, but it looks like it introduces other problems.) I suggest that Joey check the temperature of the drive as he usually runs it, then again after running with the box closed. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - More reliable, more storage, less spam http://mail.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Adaptec 2410SA starts doing this: aac0: COMMAND 0xc551a7e8 TIMEOUT AFTER 147 SECONDS (Modified by Chad Leigh -- Shire.NetLLC)
--- Albert Shih [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Le 05/03/2004 à 22:05:25-0700, Scott Long a écrit On Sun, 29 Feb 2004, Chad Leigh -- Shire.Net LLC wrote: Now the machine, when it tries to check the two aacd volumes on this controller, [... :] aac0: COMMAND 0xc551a7e8 TIMEOUT AFTER 147 SECONDS This is an old experience and it may not be relevant, but ... About four years ago, on FreeBSD 4.2 or 4.3, I saw a similar problem. The actual message was a bit different (and I don't recall it exactly), and sometimes the machine continued to run, sometimes not. It turned out that, in the 2U box we were designing, we had the SCSI cable folded and twisted too tightly, and two of the connectors were a few cm. too close. (We had either four or six drives in this box.) We were lucky enough to be able to get one of the FreeBSD SCSI driver's authors to look things over, and after a couple of days with the box he decided that there really was a problem in hardware and taught us about the care and feeding of SCSI cables. Part of the solution was shortening a long run of the cable that forced us to fold it. (The lab prototype was built with an off-the-shelf cable.) Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - More reliable, more storage, less spam http://mail.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: about logo (The Beasdie question)
Bubble Gum [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I just want to ask (i'm sorry if it's a silly question),why freebsd logo use devil character? Answered by Paul A. Hoadley and Peter Ulrich Kruppa: It's not a devil. It's a daemon. === 1) It isn't a devil but a small daemon, ... programs called daemons, ... 2) [It's] name is beastie, ... a quasihomophone to BSD ... 3) On http://www.freebsdmall.com you can buy Tee-shirts, ... As a recent member of OOOF (The Organization of Obsolete Old Fogies) I was there (well, nearby) when it happened. Back in the early days of UNIX (as then it was typset), when the mists of the Big Iron Age were yet to clear, and v5 and v6 were new and Lions had not yet written, there was called a moot or assembly, and the practice of distributing tee shirts to commemorate a moot was also young. And someone commissioned a tee shirt, and someone drew it (and their names may be found elsewhere), and it showed a PDP-11 to which heavy galvanized plumbing was added. Beneath one leaky pipe fitting was a large wooden barrel named `/dev/null', and on the plumbing there sat some number of small horn'd figures, red, with arrow-pointed tails and tridents (which the uneducated describe as pitchforks), and one of these daemons has just prodded another to leap from his perch, who might be said to be forking off. Backstory on `demon/daemon': In pre-Christian (ie. Greek) thinking, a daemon was a spirit, neither angelic nor diabolical, which took care of something, someone, or someplace. (This was education by osmosis, so feel free to correct me.) In Plato's _The Death of Socrates_ (or _Last Days of Socrates_, or ...) you can read Socrates speculation on the hereafter, and of a guide spirit that he expects will be there to greet him. As to the name: it's my speculation that, when Christianity came along, the world got divided into the divine and angelic .vs. the diabolical, with us in the middle, and anything that was neither divine nor angelic nor human had to be diabolical. So over time, and probably through forgetting and rediscovery of the word, the helpful or friendly or simply neutral daemon became the demon. I don't know if Ritchie or Thompson were the first to use the name for a computer service. It seems likely that at least one of them was overeducated. So no, there is nothing diabolical about FreeBSD, unlike a certain `32 bit extension to a 16 bit kluge on an eight-bit operating system for a four-bit microprocessor written by a two-bit company that can't stand one bit of competition.' May we never forget the ``story'' in History. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free web site building tool. Try it! http://webhosting.yahoo.com/ps/sb/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
AIO, tapes, and 5.2 ?
Can anyone tell me: Does Async I/O work on tapes as well as on ordinary files and raw disk partitions? I'd just try it except that I'm hunkering down for a snowstorm and the tape in question is on the 5.2 machine at the office, not on my home machine, in spite of which I have to get some work done here tomorrow. Many thanks for your help. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free web site building tool. Try it! http://webhosting.yahoo.com/ps/sb/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Is there any way to decrease size of the partition?
[Vasenin Alexander writes] I need to downgrade one of my FreeBSD systems. Now it hosted by comp with 40Gb HDD. 'New' computer cannot handle such big HDD, maximum - 32Gb. So, I'll plan to set 32_Gb_clip jumper on this drive. The question is - is there any way do decrease size of /usr partition from 36Gb to 28Gb(It almost free now). Is there room on another partition for the contents of /usr, even temporarily? If so, then you can copy the contents and reboot, then completely decomission the partition with fdisk and edit the partition tables. What will happen when you try to bring the disk up with the jumper set, I don't know; it might drop the innermost N cylinders or it might ignore a head or two. So be sure to have a Plan B for whatever fast solution you use. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free web site building tool. Try it! http://webhosting.yahoo.com/ps/sb/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Abit KV7-KT600 Motherboard
Abbas Karbassian ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) writes Has any body running FreeBsd 4.XX on Abit KV7-KT600 motherboard?? The above motherboard has the following specification: Abit KV7 KT600A USB2+ LAN + 6CH. It also uses the VIA KT600 / VT8237 chipset. I had a very bad experience with an Abit motherboard last year. I don't recall the exact number but I think it was a K?7- . It took an AMD processor. The board has field-upgradable firmware. When FreeBSD 4.6 (4.7?) came up on it, it saw three NICs, one of them an old ATT StarLan. When it tried to initialize what it thought were NICs, it wiped out the firmware. This happened on two boards; fortunately my vendor was very understanding and gave me a discount on a new motherboard/ processor configuration (a Gigabyte with a P4). I did file a trouble report on it; if you search the FreeBSD trouble reports for my name (as the author/originator) you should be able to find it. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Hotjobs: Enter the Signing Bonus Sweepstakes http://hotjobs.sweepstakes.yahoo.com/signingbonus ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
In 5.2: camcontrol = devfs = GEOM ? How?
Hi, With Nate Lawson's help, I have my FC/SCSI target mode operations working; now I need to make things work on the initiator side. A camcontrol rescan 1 causes the new target to become visible on the initiator-side card. But the target is listed as FreeBSD Emulated Disk 0.1 at scbus1 target 0 lun 0 (pass1) which is to say that it is represented only by /dev/pass1 . How, on 5.2, do I nake devfs and (if necessary) GEOM recognize it and create the /dev/da0 , /dev/da0s1 . /dev/da0s1a , /dev/da0s1b , and so forth? Mark Terribile [EMAIL PROTECTED] Ruthlessly pricking our gonfalon bubble, Making a Giant hit into a double -- Words that are heavy with nothing but trouble: Tinkers to Evers to Chance. __ Do you Yahoo!? Find out what made the Top Yahoo! Searches of 2003 http://search.yahoo.com/top2003 ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Target-mode drivers (/dev/targ) under 5.2 for ISP driver: no /dev/targ0
Hi, I'm trying to bring up the target-mode interface on a QLogic 2300 FC card. I have Matt Jacob's latest version of the driver, I have these lines in my config file for the kernel: options ISP_TARGET_MODE deviceisp # Qlogic family deviceispfw# Qlogic firmware The card does come up. The console messages include: isp0: Qlogic ISP 2300 PCI FC-AL Adaptor port 0xde00-0xdeff mem 0xfe9fd-0xfe9dfff irq 9 at device 6.0 on pci 1 (My apologies, but the quickest way to get this into the email is to copy it by hand, so I may have an error in there.) The opt_isp.h file is generated; it contains #define ISP_TARGET_MODE 1 At present, the FC card is unconnected. I do have a second SCSI card -- an Adaptec 29160 Ultra 160 -- which is ending up at 0xdd00-0xddff and 0xfe9fc000-0xfe9fcfff . It's running fine, so far as I can tell. With the SCSI devices, I have device scbus # ... [excuse me, I'm not typing the comments here] device ch # ... device da # ... device sa # ... device cd # ... device targ # ... device targbh # ... device pass # ... device ses# ... camcontrol devlist -v produces the following: scbus0 on ahc0 bus0: BNCHMARK DLT1 5538 at scbus0 target 6 lun 0 (sa0, pass0) at scbus0 target -1 lun -1 () scbus1 on isp0 bus0: at scbus1 target -1 lun -1 (targbh0) scbus-1 on xpt0 bus 0: at scbus-1 target -1 lun -1 (xpt0) What I do not have is /dev/targ0, /dev/targ1, etc. They are simply not being created. This is 5.2, so they should just be there, no? I will be grateful for any help you can give me in finding out why, and getting them started. Mark Terribile [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ Do you Yahoo!? New Yahoo! Photos - easier uploading and sharing. http://photos.yahoo.com/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Just a question.....
Luis Sime ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) asks: Now, I love computers ... im not a programmer yet, but i want to be. These are my questions. I plan on going to college to study computer science but i dont want to waste my time studying programming languages like visual basic, even though it wouldnt hurt. I want you to guide me so i wont make a mistake. This is tardy and off-topic, but it might make a difference, so here goes: Luis, if you want to earn a degree in a highly technical area like engineering or computer science (the two for which I can speak) you should expect to spend many hours working on theory that seems far removed from what you plan to do with your life. And much of it will be, but the few bits that turn out to be important will be very important. There are large, important areas like computer graphics, encryption, and error correction that are deeply rooted in mathematics; others like network engineering are rooted in physics and Theory of Communication (yes, there is such a thing, and it is fundamental enough to have led to answers about black holes). Master the lower steps of these stairways, carved by giants, and you'll have shown you can master what you need. Expect to have fun -- but not the fun you expected. Not while in school. Good luck. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? New Yahoo! Photos - easier uploading and sharing. http://photos.yahoo.com/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: CVSup
Toru [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I am giving up installing CVSup. It run for 8 long hours and it still hasn't install a thing. Although when I do: make clean I've run into infinite loops in the ports make system when the dependency tree was deep. I've been able to break them by watching the output to find the directory where the machinery is failing, going there, and doing the make install explicitly. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? New Yahoo! Photos - easier uploading and sharing. http://photos.yahoo.com/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: How to make printer print faster?
Marco Beizhuizen writes: I did notice an increase of speed (when I changed the resolution from 600x600 to 300x300) of data sent to the printer. Probably due to the decrease of the amount of data sent. But it didn't influence the speed of printing itself, so no 10ppm but more like a few ppm with a pause between each page. One additional piece of data: on my USB1.1-connected Epson s-C82 under CUPS: Every six or eight passes the printer pauses. During this interval, the computer's CPU usage spikes. It looks as though there is some critical place without needed double bufferring. I don't know what this might do to a laser printer, which needs to have room to stop and start, and may hold data back if it sees that a stop is soon likely. One of these days, when the world comes to a stop and I can take a breath, I'm going to have a look at that and see if I can fix it. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? New Yahoo! Photos - easier uploading and sharing. http://photos.yahoo.com/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
How to make printer print faster?
Marco Beishuizen writes: I own a HP LaserJet 2100, connected to my home network. According to the specifications it should be able to print 10 pages per minute. When using Windows that's not a problem. But using FreeBSD (with lpd configured with help of Apsfilter from the ports) it prints very slowly, I guess about 2 pages per minute. Is it possible to make printing go faster? When something is slow, the first thing to learn is _why_ it is slow. With it running, call up systat 1 -vmstat (systat-one-dash-vmstat) and look at the bar graph from the lhs to the center of the display. If you see lots of dashes or angle brackets, the problem is with user-level code such as ghostscript . If you see lots of equal signs, then something in the kernel (a driver?) is eating the time. If you see lots of plus signs, then a lot of time is being spent fielding interrupts, which suggests that the communication between the computer and the printer is not well handled. (Parallel ports are horrible in this way.) If there is not a lot of CPU being used, then the problem lies in the printer or in the precise instructions is is being given -- or else in some other source of delay in the computer. In an extreme case, heavy disk I/O could do this; you'll see that in the display on the bottom left to bottom center. Once you know where the bottleneck is, or at least where it ISN'T, you can look for the precise problem and the real fix. systat -vmstat may be the best thing a performance-concious developer will find in FreeBSD. Apart, that is, from a system which wants to run fast if only you'll let it. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? New Yahoo! Photos - easier uploading and sharing. http://photos.yahoo.com/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: How to make printer print faster?
Marco, I haven't much time at the moment, so this will not be a clean reply. ... I did the test: - When ps is busy processing the document, a lot of angle brackets are visible in the middle of the graph (under user). But only for a second or two. - When the data is sent to the printer, a split second one plus sign is visible under sys. After that everything returns to normal as if nothing is busy and the data is being sent to the printer and the printer starts printing. You are not bound up on either CPU or interrupt behavior. At first I thought the bottleneck is the speed of my network and the speed the data is sent tot the printer. But it has to be something else because when I attach a laptop to my network (with Win2000) it's printing 10 ppm. I got the impression that the printer is processing the data coming from Windows a lot faster than when the data is coming from FreeBSD. I'm wondering if the problem is that everything going through APSFILTER is sent as Postscript or raster. If this is on a 4.x (did you say 4.9?) then you are limited to the 1.1 Meg/sec of USB1 (I'm assuming that it's a USB printer). USB2 is 450 times faster, and may remove a bottleneck. On the other hand, the bottleneck may be the speed at which the printer can process either Postscript or its raster data. And that may depend on some resolution settings. I can't think of how to measure these things offhand, but that's where I would start. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? New Yahoo! Photos - easier uploading and sharing. http://photos.yahoo.com/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Can I install packages only for my release?
[Rahul Fernandez] Hi, I shall certainly try installing a port instead. I am rather new to FreeBSD and am unclear as to how I can obtain new packages [Matthew Seaman] ... Even better, use the ports tree. This may sound terrifying ... but that's the beauty of the ports system. It reduces doing all that right down to typing make install ... I went back to my notes on the problem I saw when the port system's autoconfiguration machinery seemed to go into an infinite loop. It appears (APPEARS, I must repeat) that the problem is that everything depends on pkginstall, but pkginstall's man pages depend on find files that depend on something else. My note ends ``make -k works around this.'' Greg, you got your ears up? I entered posted a bug report; I will if you poke me a little. __ Do you Yahoo!? Free Pop-Up Blocker - Get it now http://companion.yahoo.com/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: New parts for new PC (need help - little knowledge of hardware)
[This reply is tardy, I know; please accept my apologies] Next is ... a mother board. I am wanting a ASUS just because I hear alot of people talking about it on the forums, ... ... Take a look a ABIT's motherboard, some of them are really good. I had a very bad experience with an ABIT motherboard. When FreeBSD started, it saw three NICs instead of one; when it tried to initialize one, it wiped the field-upgradeable BIOS. The machine wouldn't even POST. I destroyed two boards this way; fortunately the vendor (who doesn't have a FreeBSD support person) gave me a break on the Gigabit that I replaced it with. There's a FreeBSD trouble ticket on this; I can hunt the number down if you like. But I would recommend avoiding putting ABIT and FreeBSD together unless you have support for the combo, or a report that that exact motherboard works with FreeBSD. The Gigabit, BTW, has run like a champ. Finnally if you can afford it scsi is diffenetly better than ide, but I'm sure most people will think that is over kill. IDE drives can be flakey on their DMA support. I'm using an IBM Deskstar as a rotating backup and it hung the FreeBSD device probe on discovery. I have it set to use PIO, which sucks the CPU up through a firehose. I'm running on a set of three 10,000 RPM IBM SCSI Ultrastars that I bought right after Hitachi bought IBM's drive business and before the disk price rose again. They run hot; I have them in a mounting cage salvaged from an old machine, with space between them and between them and the side of the cage, set right in front of the 120 mm inlet-side case fan. In this configuration, they have run like champs, lightning fast and no noisier than the fans. Which brings me to the last point: decide how much fan noise you can stand without fatigue and put as much cooling circulation in as you can within your noise ceiling. Make sure your cables don't block circulation, get power supplies with good fans, put in the extra case fans, make sure your CPU has plenty of cooling, and keep the inlets and outlets clear. Some suumers ago I went in to the office one summer weekend to find both the A/C and the ventilating fans off. I was able to get the building people to turn the fans on, but not the A/C. Our HP servers had gone into thermal safety shutdown; our Sun servers were still up. I got a sysadmin on the phone. He told me where to find the key to the machine room; when I got in there the thermometer in the back read 120F. I shut everything down. Five months later we had NICs and SCSI interfaces failing weekly on the Sun boxes; it was almost certainly due to the cooking they suffered. My cubi was near the system room and I cringed when I heard a blameless sysadmin endure a boot-camp dressing down from a manager three levels up. Cooling matters; it will happen to you. I have a room circulating fan on the same UPS as my machine. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Free Pop-Up Blocker - Get it now http://companion.yahoo.com/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: vlc installation in /usr/ports/multimedia take too long...
Rommel B. IKEDA writes: I was jsut wondering...How LONG does it take for the /usr/ports/multimedia/vlc take to get it installed? I made a make install clean on the afternoon November 1st and since it did not finished immediately I had to leave my PC on until Today, November 4th...The last time I installed OpenOffice from Ports, it did not took me 24 Hours to successfully compile it...but vlc has not stopped yet...Looking at the output, it seems that it is displaying the same outputs I saw this happen when I started to install ports. Some ports that had deep dependency lists _somehow_ caused Make to go into an infinite loop in the configure target. I worked around it by cleaning up everything (removing the files beginning with `.' that are used to indicate that stages are done, as well as the work/ directories), then doing some of the lower-level ports individually before the upper-level ones. This is not to say that some ports don't have long compiles, but if you are seeing the same output over and over, especially if it looks like lots of short compilations and some messages about what facilities are available, you may be hitting this problem. Please let me know if this helps. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Protect your identity with Yahoo! Mail AddressGuard http://antispam.yahoo.com/whatsnewfree ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Periodic Daily Crash
Jason Watkins writes: I've got a machine that's crashed now twice in a row around 3 am. I'm assuming this is being triggered by something periodic daily is running. I'm only remote access to it, so right now I'm waiting for someone to reboot it so I can get back in... what should I look through to identify the problem? Does it happen every morning, or every Tuesday and Thursday (or Monday and Friday, or ...)? Is the machine on a good, voltage-regulating UPS? If not, can you see if you can put it on one for a while? I once worked around a machine that crashed every morning at about 06:15 . We never were sure why ... but it was an old machine with a dodgy power supply and at that hour the main elevators were turned on in the building. That entails starting a very large motor-generator set for each elevator, and the equipment was three-phase and the motors were almost certainly induction motors, which can draw enormous current when the rotor is not turning. I suspect they turned them on one right after the other without waiting for each to come up to speed (could a seismograph on the building have detected the torque effects?) and the resulting voltage drop caused the power supply to work too hard and overheat or else shut down from undervoltage. (The MG set was used to produce DC of variable voltage and polarity, which was used to operate the lifting motor of the elevator. The voltage and polarity are controlled by controlling the current in the field winding of the generator.) Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Protect your identity with Yahoo! Mail AddressGuard http://antispam.yahoo.com/whatsnewfree ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
IPFW + BRIDGE: network capacity question
Christopher Schulte writes: ... I have an Intel D815EGEW board with a single PIII 1GHZ, ... Assume that it will be processing at peak all of this at once: 500 TCP connections with long lived sessions ... 500 UDP 'connections' 500 web (HTTP port 80 tcp) connections per second (graphics, small html pages) The HTTP sessions will be short lived, so lots of TCP handshakes at *least* a good portion will not utilize persistant HTTP It's been a while since I was inside HTTP, but you may have a problem. When the remote end drops a TCP connection, you may re-use the port immediately. When you drop it, the protocol stack on your side must wait 120 seconds (check the number!) before reusing that port number. If you try to drop and re-use 500 connections per second, you will run into this as there are only 65536 ports per address, and some of them are reserved or wired down. Someone else please check me on this. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? The New Yahoo! Shopping - with improved product search http://shopping.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: malloc() behavior (was: Pointer please)
It does not matter what freebsd does, C does not require that malloc initialize space according to Kernighan and Ritchie. ... What's really bad, is that freebsd could potentally change there behavor down the line. Its probably dictated by the way kernel dezined, . meaning they may do whats the cheapist. There's nothing bad about it. FreeBSD follows the standards. ... There's a distinction here which has been mentioned and perhaps lost. The kernel does provide programs with zero'd memory, but unless you are doing system calls (man section 2) directly you are not seeing what the kernel does. You are seeing what the C language runtime code (malloc(), calloc(), free(), etc.) does. They use the system calls, but the semantics are the semantics that the authors of the runtime implemented. And since the runtime is provided with the compiler (typically gcc) it's only a function of convenience when the language definition says it may be. The kernel's pool of zero'd buffer pages is used to provide zero'd memory on demand while doing the work when the CPU may be free. Sort of like washing the dishes before you need them. The kernel C code does not use the C runtime, except possibly for some very low-level routines that might be needed to implement extended precision, do stack frame management, or other very-low-level stuff. And there's precious little needed on newer processors. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? The New Yahoo! Shopping - with improved product search http://shopping.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Re: tar vs cp
tar handles symbolic links properly, whereas cp will copy through the contents of the link. Also true for cp -R? :-) No, but not all systems have cp -R, although FreeBSD does. Likewise for the -p or --preserve-permissions option... tar requires two executions, one to create the archive and one to remove it. This has advantages and disadvantages. cpio -p can do it in one pass, but requires that you expand the directories with find or provide a list file. Again, sometimes a good thing, sometimes not. cpio can also create a tree of links if you are on the same file system. Useful for moving large files with minimal disk activity (remove the original links afterwards). Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? The New Yahoo! Shopping - with improved product search http://shopping.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Comparing buildworld times on twin machines
Charles Howse writes: I have 2 machines on my home network with (almost) identical hardware. ... The only difference is that curly has 128 MB ram where larry has only 64. Memory available for caching certainly can make a difference. Remember that FreeBSD uses ALL otherwise uncommitted memory for caching, and so a machine with more memory may do less disk I/O. They *do not*, however have identical hard drives, even though each machine has 2 drives, with /usr/obj on the second drive of each machine. And building things can do a lot of disk I/O, and a lot of directory lookups, especially if you have recursive make(1) operations. Larry can buildworld in 1 hr 57 mins. It takes curly 3 hrs 16 mins, even though curly has twice the ram. If I watch the compile, with one eye on the disk activity light, it seems to me that the process is largely CPU intensive, therefore I would expect that the buildworld times should be roughly equal. Instead of watching just the disk lights, start up systat 1 -vmstat in a free window or console. Learn what the various indicators mean. You'll probably be able to find your answers there. systat(8) is really an incredible tool for understanding where the system is spending its time, and how. __ Do you Yahoo!? The New Yahoo! Shopping - with improved product search http://shopping.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Cat a directory
I hesitate to step into the fray; it appears that the phrase `more heat than light' now applies. But ... Says who? cat works fine on binary files. The problem you are having is that people are using cat to *display* files. Fixing that problem could break cat for its more standard use: ... (One of my favorite bugs: the key-bug: ``If the complex hyperbolic arctan2 routine didn't give the wrong answer for arguments of ( -1, -1 ), ( -1, -1 ) the operating system scheduler would lock up.'') ... my problem is people using cat on directories. Is your problem that people use cat on directories, or that your purpose is to cater to people who, for want of training that you are yet to give them, don't know not to use cat on directories? Try to run for example cat /bin in Linux, HP-UX, Solaris and other *NIXes and I'm 90% certain that they will not show the directory but an error message ... But then FreeBSD spits out crap ... One program's crap is the file system's meat. My recollection, which I cannot test at the moment, is that on at least some of those OS's it is the OS itself which refuses to allow cat(1) to open the file, giving an EISDIR on the attempt. One could argue that Linux found it necessary to do so because Linux supports so many file system types that you couldn't interpret the directory contents anyway; they all have different internal structures; and that this indicates that Linux is, in this area, more advanced. It's certainly a plausible argument--when applied to this part of the OS's interface. (Aside to the BSD team: does the Linux personality module get this right?) ... which I can't see the point of ever using anywhere even when piping a tube up your ass! Why do we call it blue language when it is in the deep infrared? It really looks bad in print; let's please just avoid it. But since newbies do this frequently it shouldn't be possible to do so. If you're providing the accounts to them, then put the appropriate alias in their .profile or .login files, or add a path component pointing to a nubi-bin. When they take off the training wheels, they can remove the alias or the path component. Until then their safety is your concern. If someone else is providing the accounts, perhaps the someone else is open to suggestions, especially if they also have to deal with this problem? and why is this already done to less and not cat? less is made to display files. It's the correct tool for the job. And you mean that cat is built to show directories ... Man I must of mised that in school ... right? Please, this is something about which reasonable people can disagree. Linus and his team obviously disagree with the FreeBSD team; I think they are all reasonable people, even though I sometimes disagree with one or another of them. There, you see: several proofs-by-example. [Ruben de Groot] So why don't you for example alias cat to cat -v in your system profile ... So it's better for a newbie to get understandable jibrish from cat when run on directories then an error message stating that they are trying to run cat on a directory ... The case CAN be made both ways. If these are CS majors, they probably should get used to learning by picking up clues from their environment; that's how most programs are debugged and they have to learn the skills. If they are admins-in-training, the case is even stronger. So long as the terminal doesn't lock up, this is a good chance for them to develop trained curiousity. On the other hand, if you are serving accounting majors or paralegals, they would probably be better served by the error message. (Race car drivers and taxicab drivers go to different schools, except in NYCity and Boston.) It's easy to write a script that runs file(1) on the targets and cat(1)s those when the output includes [tT]ext but puts a message on 2 (standard error) otherwise. Install that as an alias, or in a path component, and the job is done, probably in less time than we've spent writing these essays. Now think about having to do that on a non-UNIX OS. It might be very hard. It might even be impossible. ... And while we're on the subject... why doesn't ls support coloring of different file types like in Linux. As it would make finding certain files easier by coloring them differently depending on their ending. Well, I think it's the file type, not the suffix, that determines the color, but my only concern is to shut the frotzenglarken color off whenever I meet a Linux system, since it makes it harder for me to read the screen rapidly. I don't deprive all users of it, I just free myself from it. You see, reasonable people can disagree. Unreasonable people argue, fume, fulminate and fester. And yes, from time to time I get unreasonable, too. Not that I'm proud of it. It's putting immediate satisfaction ahead of reaching my goals. And it looks really bad in print. Mark Terribile
P4 Motherboard
Chern Lee [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Can I get some examples of recent P4 motherboards you're successfully using with FreeBSD. I'm running a Gigabyte GA-SINXP1394 . Obviously, I'm not using the RAID (though I wouldn't mind being able to use it in the simple-IDE mode) and I haven't fooled around with getting the sound working. Otherwise it seems solid. Bad results: An ABIT Athlon motherboard -- I don't have the number at hand. FreeBSD apparently mistook the BIOS-upgrade subsystem for one or two NICs, and wiped the BIOS trying to bring the NICs up. The board wouldn't even POST or operate its SMD indicator LEDs. A shame; it ran well until I tried to bring the network up. (I did enter a trouble report on it.) __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[OT] replacing fan with mismatched specs
Bill Moran writes: I have a switch that has a fan in it that failed. It's a 40MM .22Amp 5V. ... The best I can find is a 40MM .13amp 5V. Check www.digikey.com . They are NOT a discount supplier and you'll pay a fat handling charge if you don't meet their minimum, but, like Pickford, they carry everything. Their paper catalog lists at least one Panasonic fan that looks like it matches your dimensions and power numbers (I'm assuming 5v or 12v .) and there are probably others from other manufacturers. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: SHELL scripts..... HOW TO START LEARN????
Denis, Do you happen to know where is some helpful information about SHELL programming??? Others have posted some fine references; I'd like to belabor you with a piece of experience: There is a difference between writing shell scripts and writing shell programs. o A script is a series of commands as you might enter them at the keyboard. o A program is a sequence of commands that are composed with the same care that one would (or should) employ when programming in other languages; care regarding the ability of someone else to read and understand the program; care regarding one's own ability to read and understand it six months, or sixty months, later; care that inputs are validated and variables are used consistently, etc. Since shell programs invoke shell commands and pipelines, and since commands and pipelines of commands all use different argument syntaxes, it's very important to make sure that the person trying to read the overall flow doesn't get lost in the minutia. This requires that program organization be at least as good as the organization of a C or C++ program ten times the size of the shell program. Keep related computations together in groups, just as you put related sentences in order in a paragraph. It also requires more attention to naming what you are doing. If you have a pipeline constructed with arcane commands to do subtle and magical things, put it in a shell function and name it clearly. (If your shell does not support functions, switch to one that does. I like ksh , but bash is good too.) Use functions freely and test them independently of each other. (It's easier in the shell than in most programming languages.) Since most shells do not support structured data, you cannot use structs (or records, or classes) to describe your data layout. Comment your data accurately. This does not necessarily mean profusely. When you use a new variable in a function scope, use whatever the shell gives you to make sure that you are using a local instance, and not writing over a variable in an outer (dynamic) scope. There's lots more, but this will get you started. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Problems trying to boot from an 80GB
Sean and Andrew, I'm no expert, but two things strike me as odd. Perhaps some greater Guru can tell us whether or not they represent a problem. I'm trying to get my first FreeBSD (4.8-RELEASE) installation working, ... Next, I created a NTFS partition on the drive with an XP install CD, ... Out of other ideas, I resorted to Dangerous Dedicated, which ... gave a different error: No /boot/loader Default: 0:ad(0,a)/kernel boot: No /kernel As I understand it (and check the man page for boot(8)) the MBR boot record has to pull a larger boot program from the partition or slice (?) which pulls in a Forth interpreter and a Forth program. It is this loader which gives you the initial messages about `8 seconds to boot' and allows you to interrupt it, chose another kernel file, set sysctl variables, etc. This loader has to be able to read the root directory on the file system. I see two possible problems. First, the loader has to know how to read the root directory and find the blocks of the file. Can it do this if the file system is an NTFS file system? (I understand NTFS to mean one of the Windows FS types.) Second, if you use the Dangerously Dedicated structure, with no FreeBSD slice table, is there a place for the second stage boot block and the boot loader to be stored? Mark Terribile A novice was trying to fix a broken Lisp machine by turning the power off and on. Knight, seeing what the student was doing, spoke sternly: You cannot fix a machine by just power-cycling it with no understanding of what is going wrong. Knight turned the machine off and on. The machine worked. From _The New Hacker's Dictionary_, at http://www.catb.org/~esr/jargon, maintained by Eric S. Raymond __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Q's on dump(8) and restore(8)
Hi, I'm looking to improve and automate my primitive backups and I'm considering dump(8)/restore(8). But before I go this route, I'd like to be sure I can control their behavior. Unfortunately, the man pages don't seem to completely describe the interaction between the numerical dump flag in /etc/fstab and the dump level. Can anyone elucidate? In the same vein, does anyone know the `modified tower of Hanoi' algorithm the man page recommends? Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Performance Problems.. Server hardware smoked by $500 box?
John Straiton writes: I'm pretty confused right now with trying to determine the nature of a performance problem ... on one of my servers. ... in pulling up websites from the machine, my silly POS development box has nearly double performance ... There's lots of tricky stuff that can be going wrong. I spent some time in my last two jobs (anybody got a new one in NJ?) on speeding up stuff like this and the first thing I try to do is put some kind of steady-state load on the boxen and monitor each box involved with systat 1 -vmstat . There's one hell of a lot of information there, and interactions are sometimes hard to see. If the CPU is fully occupied, it could be the network stack (which will NOT show up at interrupt level) and that can depend on what interface chipset you're using as well. Or it could be ... well, get the data first. If you'd like to send me a few sample screens, I'll try to make suggestions on what to check next. You want to have a series from each of the three configurations you're using. And being able to _watch_ what's happening on systat is worth a whole lot of non-sequenced snapshots. Are you running firewall software on the production machine? I don't know how the FreeBSD version will affect performance, but it can't help. How about the reports from top ? What do they say? What's soaking up the processor? Running on a 1GHz PIII two years ago, I was able to get a web proxy (not squid!) to serve 1500+ requests per second, with about 200 MBit/sec of ethernet traffic (inbound and out). (The product never made it into full-scale production, largely due to financial problems in the large, well-known corporation.) So the problem isn't horsepower, but something not using it well. Can you try running the back end box on a simple disk without the RAID in the way? I don't recall all the properties of RAID 5 right now, but in general RAID trades disk transactions away to get disk throughput. In your application, you probably need transactions more than throughput. Dumb question: have you tried swapping cables/ports on the ethernet connections? Does one link support jumbo frames and the other not? How about network buffers: have you got enough configured, and how many are tied up at a time? Performance is often a negative art: find the worst roadblock and remove it, then the next worst after that, and so forth. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Installation problem
James [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I'm currently trying to install version 5.0-CURRENT, my problem is that when I boot off of the CDROM, it starts loading fine, probes the hardware, then it comes up with the message: ata0: resetting devices at which point it hangs. I have disabled the loading of ACPI drivers ... but this alas has not helped. My hardware is ... Seagate Barracuda HDD and Acer CDRW drive. Oooh! This sounds like the problem that others here just helped me with! I had to disable DMA on my ATA drive. For me it's an archive store, so I'm not hurt by it; you may be. To do this, you have to talk to the boot loader. I don't recall how the CD-ROM is set up, but if you get a countdown prompt reading something like ``Booting in 9 seconds. Press Return to boot immediately'' you can hit the space bar (anything but return) to talk to the boot loader. At that point, you issue the command set hw.ata.ata_dma=0 and then boot to continue the bootstrap. After the install, you may have to do this again; once FreeBSD is up for real, edit the assignment (without the `set ') into /boot/loader.conf . If you run this way, you will see interrupt activity soaking up the CPU during disk transfers; my preferred monitor is systat 1 -vmstat . Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: IBM 120 G IDE -- problems
My thanks to all the people who replied to my problem with the 120 GB drive. The fix -- or rather, workaround -- is to disable DMA on IDE by setting hw.ata.ata_dma=0 in /boot/loader.conf . This means that any I/O on that disk sucks the processor right up into the drive. This is OK, but barely, because I intend to use this drive infrequently but for large amounts of data. I suspect that the problem is in the support for the chipset. The manual for the board isn't very clear about the base IDE chipset; it lists SiS 963 MuTIOL Media I/O IT8705F I/O Control Sil3112A SATA IT8212F RAID The third and fourth IDE channels are controlled via the RAID system; even when it is configured to make the drives directly visible, FreeBSD can't see them. The board is a GigaByte GA-SINXP1394 (P4 Titan Series). Once again, it's running `well enough'; I have now to put the partitions on it; thanks to all who wrote. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Followup Q to IBM 120 G IDE -- problems
Hi, Well, I've got my 120G disk up and running and now I'd like to understand something odd. I went into /stand/sysinstall to put down the partition and slice tables and the FS and found that it determined the geometry (cyl/head/sectors) as 15107/255/63 . Since it warned that the values must match the BIOS values, I set them to the 59131/16/255 that the BIOS reports. It rejected this entry and went back to its own. I also tried the values reported by the ata driver on startup; these too were rejected. Since it's working (with about 117G -- that's Gi_b_abytes) it must be OK (famous last words!) but what's going on here? Why does it demand the values reported by the BIOS if it will refuse them, and why does the driver come up with another set of values, also unacceptible to the disklabel/fdisk machinery? Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: USB code doesn't permit bidirectional comunication with printers
Riccardo writes: I have an USB printer (Epson C40ux), and it works like a charm but currently I'm unable to ask ink level or align the head or obtaining any other info using escputil Does the C40ux have a parallel port? I have my Stylus C82 connected on both the parallel and USB ports. I use the parallel port for escputil and USB for printing, which would suck the processor out the parallel port if I tried to put print traffic over it. The C40ux might be able to work the same way. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
IBM 120 G IDE -- problems
Hi, I'm trying to add a 120G IDE drive, and FreeBSD hangs during bootstrap. My current storage configuration is 3 SCSI drives on an Adaptec controller 2 floppy drives (3+1/2 and 5+1/4 -- yes!) on the controller on the mobo (a Gigabyte GA-SINXP1394) 1 Sony CD-ROM on the ATA 0 on the mobo, master 1 Artec CD-RW on the ATA 1 on the mobo, master This configuration works fine. I tried to add the drive, an IBM (now Hitachi) 120G Deskstar, as a slave on the ATA 0 adaptor. The BIOS recognizes is, but during bootstrap I get a message saying that ATA 0 has timed out on some kind of tagged operation, followed by a message indicating a reset and three dots, and no newline. The bootstrap stops right here. I've tried making the new drive the master, with and without the CD-ROM, running that cable off the other IDE interface, and replacing the cable, all with no change. I've even checked the voltages on the board side of the power connector, and felt the drive as it powers up (vibration suggests both rotation and a few seeks). I've got an Antec 420W power supply, so there should be enough juice. A drive problem seems unlikely; this was a new disk sealed in silver mylar and I expect these drives to be rock-solid. (Should I doubt this?) I'll be grateful for any help you can offer. I'm not a subscriber to the hardware list (but I did search it for likely articles), so please reply on freebsd-questions, or reply to me at [EMAIL PROTECTED] . Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: I need to control a bunch of files.
Vitali Malicky writes I need to control a bunch of files. As soon as any of these files changes it should be immediately rechecked and correct chmod and chown reset on this file(s). I'd like them to be controlled by a process which would monitor any possible changes in these files and would do the job upon the event. If it's a local file system, you may be able to do it with the kqueue(2)/kevent(2) mechanism. __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: CUPS, foomatic-rip, 4.8 RELEASE (was: How to get CUPS to work)
... but here are the ADDITIONAL things I had to do to get the cups port/package working properly under FreeBSD 5.1-RELEASE: (This may not all be necessary under 4.8-RELEASE. YMMV.) Ah, yes. I think I forgot to add that I had to change the lpd_program variable in /etc/rc.conf : /etc/rc.conf:lpd_program=/usr/local/sbin/cupsd # path to lpd, if you want a different one. This is a 4.6 system upgraded to 4.7 . Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
The VI editor (old)
I found something that might be relevant to this old question: I have trouble using vi and vim under freebsd, under linux red hat it was working perfect. The trouble is that the arrow-keys doesn't work when I'm in insert mode. I have heard that it's important to use the right terminalprogram. In vim it's ok with the fancy swedish letters with dots over, but the arrow-keys doesn't work. In the FAQ for nvi (which is sitting in /usr/src/contrib on my machine; I can't actually swear that's its true home) I find Q: My cursor keys don't work when I'm in text input mode! A: A common problem over slow links is that the set of characters sent by the cursor keys don't arrive close enough together for vi to understand that they are a single keystroke, and not separate keystrokes. Try increasing the value of the escapetime edit option, which will cause vi to wait longer before deciding that the escape character that starts cursor key sequences doesn't have any characters following it. Obviously, on the system console you are not going over a slow link ... but if vim is interpreting a generated escape sequence and not the actual keycodes (what's the proper term?) there are several places where mode settings might be screwing you up. BTW, I use nvi as my vi and the arrow keys work in insert mode. I don't know if it will work for you, since you are using an extended character set, but you might like to try it. It allows you to open multiple files, move files to an internal background, etc. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Suggestions to a command line editor
On Wed, Sep 03, 2003 at 10:50:47AM -0400 or thereabouts, Gerard Samuel wrote: Well I've been using FreeBSD for the past maybe 4 years now. I've been using ee (don't laugh) to do all my editing on the command line. Im looking to grow out of ee into something else. Naturally, something that can open/edit files. And if possible, I've heard of editors with color syntax highlighting, search/replace, and other voodoo, that ee isn't capable of. In general, I edit FreeBSD system files, php/html and related files. If you can do without the language-specific syntax stuff and the color, try the vi route. Or nvi , which on my box has source code in /usr/src/contrib . vi/vim and nvi are full-screen editors which also have a command line mode. Unlike emacs they are moded (commands in command mode, input text in input mode), they have a search-and-replace capability that can do magic (and even some voodoo -- frighten your family and friends) and they have some very programmer-friendly features, like the ability to match parens, curly braces and (in nvi) angle brackets with one keystroke. They can shift whole blocks of text by tabwidth, intelligently use tabs (and set the tabwidths to your preference) and use full regex searches. They have a very regular input language, they keep your fingers on the keyboard (no sending your hand to Kennedy Airport to catch a flight to the mouse) and nvi can edit multiple files at once. You can pull text into named buffers, drop it where you like, etc. If you like moded and you are doing program text, they can be _very_ fast to use, especially if you can really type -- or can fake it. On the other hand, if you want to program your editor into an entire IDE, look at EMACS. I don't know how to do it, but I have it on reliable sources that it can be done; EMACS is said to be a Lisp operating system disguised as an editor. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: 4.8 install issues with Neatgear FA310TX NIC
Matt Bjornson [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I downloaded and burned the two ISO for 4.8. The NIC is not being recognized however, it is a Netgear FA310TX. ... The kernel is not recognizing and NIC driver... I tried to manually select each Network driver in UserConfig with no success when I select ATT Starlan 10 and EN100, 3c507, NI5210 I get a conflict with the PC-card controller this is not a laptop ... The light on my router/hub is green so the cable is good... Ouch! This sounds like a problem I had with an Abit/AMD motherboard (or is `mainboard' the trendy term?). Mine was costly; when FreeBSD 4.6 attempted to initialize one of the NICs, it apparently wiped the field- upgradable BIOS, destroying the board. It wouldn't even POST. I went through two of them (one at a vendor's expense, save shipping). I finally switched to a more expensive Gigabit/Intel board. I believe the ABit board (a KD7 with GigE) had an Intel NIC, so it appears that something else, perhaps peculiar to the mobo or its maker, is being mistaken for a NIC. You can find the report in the FreeBSD bugs archive by searching for ``terribile'', all fields. Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Help Required
We are having presentations on different OS in our class.. and i chose the Unix freeBSD for my group to do a presentation on.. i would like some info - if possible - on this system, or anything that could help me with that presentation. ... Smells like homework. One tip, go to www.freebsd.org read everything. Now, now, let's all be nice. By the time he reads everything on freeBSD.org, the semester will be over. So will the next one and the one after that. How does FreeBSD differ from other Unix-like systems? Suggestion: Look up the man pages on the kqueue machinery and understand why (and under what circumstances) this can be many times more efficient than poll() or select(). Why is this case especially relevant to servers? (I had an HTTP proxy server that gained 30% in performance when poll() was replaced by kqueue()/kevent(); this was exactly the intent behind its design.) (Yes, the other *BSD systems also have kqueue()/kevent().) If you need more, look at the new kernel threading support coming in FreeBSD 5.x . If you can explain these clearly and completely to a class, you'll have learned something. There's a man pages link right off www.freeBSD.org . A quick Google search turns up http://builder.com.com/5100-6372-1044098.html and http://people.freebsd.org/~jlemon/papers/kqueue.pdf . Good luck. ---Mark Terribile __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
