Re: Endianness of freeBSD
Am Montag, 4. Februar 2008 13:03:25 schrieb navneet Upadhyay: 1. Is FreeBSD little Endian like windows? FreeBSD endianness depends on the hardware architecture it runs on (as endianness is a hardware characterization). (Very) generally, anything that's related to an Intel CPU is little-endian, whereas anything that's related to a Motorola, IBM or Sparc CPU is big-endian. (Modern) Windows exists only on little-endian hardware [Intel, AMD and clones] (AFAIK, someone correct me here), so basically it's always little-endian, you could say that. There were Windows versions for other CPUs, though, back in the Windows NT days, which ran on Alpha workstations which were big-endian. 2. Linux is Big endian? Same as for FreeBSD. wrote a code int i = 1;if((i 1) == 0) little else big got little on all platforms bsd,linux,windows. This won't tell you what endianness the platform has. It'll say little for any architecture (because ( 1 1 ) == 0 for any CPU that knows how to do binary shifts). What you can use to test for little or big-endianness, is something like the following: unsigned long test = 0x12345678; char* ptest = (char*)test; if( *ptest == 0x78 ) is little else if( *ptest == 0x12 ) is big else something else ? *Does endianness depends on OS or the hardware?* As I said above: it depends on the hardware. There is even hardware (ARM, in particular) which can run in little- or big-endian mode, depending on how it is initialized. -- Heiko Wundram Product Application Development ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Endianness of freeBSD
1. Is FreeBSD little Endian like windows? =20 2. Linux is Big endian? =20 wrote a code int i =3D 1;if((i 1) =3D=3D 0) little else big got little on all platforms bsd,linux,windows. =20 *Does endianness depends on OS or the hardware?* It depends on the hardware. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endianess signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: Endianness of freeBSD
Not true. Alpha is big- or little-endian (so, it's bi-endian), depending on how it's booted, and IIRC the Windows NT version running on Alpha used the big-endian mode of the CPU. But I might be mistaken. i had SRM console used netbsd too later, too little endian. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Endianness of freeBSD
the Windows NT days, which ran on Alpha workstations which were big-endian. Alpha is little endian. i had alpha 21066 running linux. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Endianness of freeBSD
1. Is FreeBSD little Endian like windows? 2. Linux is Big endian? wrote a code int i = 1;if((i 1) == 0) little else big got little on all platforms bsd,linux,windows. *Does endianness depends on OS or the hardware?* ** ** *Thanks,* *navneet* ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Endianness of freeBSD
Endianness depends on the hardware. In internal kernel structures endianness does not matter, if communicating with other machines protocols (usually) define a bitorder. The c-library and/or systemlibrary contains utility functions for conversion. Regards, Wouter Oosterveld 2008/2/4, navneet Upadhyay [EMAIL PROTECTED]: 1. Is FreeBSD little Endian like windows? 2. Linux is Big endian? wrote a code int i = 1;if((i 1) == 0) little else big got little on all platforms bsd,linux,windows. *Does endianness depends on OS or the hardware?* ** ** *Thanks,* *navneet* ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- [ [EMAIL PROTECTED] is binnenkort niet meer, [EMAIL PROTECTED] is mijn nieuwe email-adres. ] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Endianness of freeBSD
1. Is FreeBSD little Endian like windows? 2. Linux is Big endian? wrote a code int i = 1;if((i 1) == 0) little else big got little on all platforms bsd,linux,windows. *Does endianness depends on OS or the hardware?* on hardware ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Endianness of freeBSD
Heiko Wundram (Beenic) [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Alpha is little endian. i had alpha 21066 running linux. Not true. Alpha is big- or little-endian (so, it's bi-endian), Alpha is little-endian in practice. I've never heard of DEC--or anybody else for that matter--building a big-endian alpha. Note that DEC's previous CPU architecture, the VAX, was also little-endian. depending on how it's booted, ... on how _the CPU_ is booted, yes. By the time you are running firmware and thinking of booting an operating system, it's much too late. and IIRC the Windows NT version running on Alpha used the big-endian mode of the CPU. But I might be mistaken. I think you are mistaken. The ARC MIPS platform, which Windows NT originally was written for, was also little-endian. -- Christian naddy Weisgerber [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Endianness of freeBSD
Am Montag, 4. Februar 2008 14:30:12 schrieb Wojciech Puchar: the Windows NT days, which ran on Alpha workstations which were big-endian. Alpha is little endian. i had alpha 21066 running linux. Not true. Alpha is big- or little-endian (so, it's bi-endian), depending on how it's booted, and IIRC the Windows NT version running on Alpha used the big-endian mode of the CPU. But I might be mistaken. -- Heiko Wundram Product Application Development ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Endianness of freeBSD
On Mon, Feb 04, 2008 at 01:20:14PM +0100, Heiko Wundram (Beenic) wrote: | |As I said above: it depends on the hardware. There is even hardware (ARM, in |particular) which can run in little- or big-endian mode, depending on how it |is initialized. If I recall correctly some of the MIPS chips had/ve an endian selector bit on each page table entry in the MMU. The idea was to map each of the I/O devices through the MMU and let that bit help in talking to the hardware (i.e. Intel peripherals expecting little endian and motorola chips wanting the opposite.) E. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
