RE: Sendmail Newbie Question
You can not use your FBSD sendmail server to send email to the public internet because you do not have officially registered domain name. You can install fetchmail to retrieve your email from your ISP and populate your gateway sendmail mail boxes. Then config your lan users mail clients to target your sendmail server to get their email. But really that is a lot of busy work unless you want to learn about how email works. What you should really do is config your lan users email clients to get their email directly from your ISP, side stepping sendmail completely. You will only use sendmail to receive email msgs to root from the FBSD operating system. You know, when you log in an root, the you have mail mesg. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of dps Sent: Thursday, February 19, 2004 3:59 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Sendmail Newbie Question Hello~ Excuse the extreme nature of my newbieness, I will try and do my best here. I am using 4.9-RELEASE FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE on i386. Basically, I am having trouble with sendmail. I know sendmail is running: $ ps -aux | grep sendmail root 97 0.0 0.8 3052 1552 ?? Ss Tue10PM 0:07.85 sendmail: accepting connections (sendmail) smmsp 100 0.0 0.8 2932 1436 ?? Is Tue10PM 0:00.13 sendmail: Queue [EMAIL PROTECTED]:30:00 for /var/spool/clientmqueue (sendmail) I can go into pine, and send mail to other users on the system. i.e. mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] from [EMAIL PROTECTED] My problem is that I cannot send mail out to the Internet. It appears it just goes into a black hole and its gone. I am not really too sure even how to monitor the sendmail log. I found some sendmail logs in /var/log, but when I tail them, they are either blank or jibberish. My BSD server does not have a domain or a real IP. (for example the computer name is groovy.sockthief.com which cannot be resolved from the Internet, and the IP of the machine is 192.168.2.4). I have one of those cheap-o Linksys DHCP DSL/Cable routers that is acting as a network gateway. I have read through the sendmail configuration section of the FreeBSD handbook, and it appears that everything should pretty much be working fine out of the box. I guess my questions are: 1) How to I monitor the sendmail log 2) Do I need to do anything special with respect to DNS to get sendmail to be able to send outside of localhost Any help, guidance, de-dumbifying would be greatly appreciated. Thanks. ~Dan ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Sendmail Newbie Question
On Thursday 19 February 2004 13:13, JJB wrote: You can not use your FBSD sendmail server to send email to the public internet because you do not have officially registered domain name. Bullpuckey. It's actually fairly easy to set sendmail up relay mail through your ISP's smtp server. See this page of the handbook: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/smtp-dialup.html Basically you need to set SMART_HOST and MASQUERADE_AS and rebuild sendmail.cf You still need fetchmail to retrieve mail from your ISP's pop/imap server, but outgoing mail can now be sent the way pine or mutt expect. If you are trying to use the FreeBSD box as a server for other hosts on the network you will need to set up DNS for your network. Andrew Boothman posted an example back on Jan. 22 that has example BIND config files you can use as an example. freebsd.org/cgi/getmsg.cgi?fetch=2352034+2356646+/usr/local/www/db/text/2004/freebsd-questions/20040125.freebsd-questions You'll also need to install a mail server like imap-uw or qpopper so other hosts can retrieve mail from the FreeBSD box . You can install fetchmail to retrieve your email from your ISP and populate your gateway sendmail mail boxes. Then config your lan users mail clients to target your sendmail server to get their email. But really that is a lot of busy work unless you want to learn about how email works. What you should really do is config your lan users email clients to get their email directly from your ISP, side stepping sendmail completely. You will only use sendmail to receive email msgs to root from the FBSD operating system. You know, when you log in an root, the you have mail mesg. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of dps Sent: Thursday, February 19, 2004 3:59 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Sendmail Newbie Question Hello~ Excuse the extreme nature of my newbieness, I will try and do my best here. I am using 4.9-RELEASE FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE on i386. Basically, I am having trouble with sendmail. I know sendmail is running: $ ps -aux | grep sendmail root 97 0.0 0.8 3052 1552 ?? Ss Tue10PM 0:07.85 sendmail: accepting connections (sendmail) smmsp 100 0.0 0.8 2932 1436 ?? Is Tue10PM 0:00.13 sendmail: Queue [EMAIL PROTECTED]:30:00 for /var/spool/clientmqueue (sendmail) I can go into pine, and send mail to other users on the system. i.e. mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] from [EMAIL PROTECTED] My problem is that I cannot send mail out to the Internet. It appears it just goes into a black hole and its gone. I am not really too sure even how to monitor the sendmail log. I found some sendmail logs in /var/log, but when I tail them, they are either blank or jibberish. My BSD server does not have a domain or a real IP. (for example the computer name is groovy.sockthief.com which cannot be resolved from the Internet, and the IP of the machine is 192.168.2.4). I have one of those cheap-o Linksys DHCP DSL/Cable routers that is acting as a network gateway. I have read through the sendmail configuration section of the FreeBSD handbook, and it appears that everything should pretty much be working fine out of the box. I guess my questions are: 1) How to I monitor the sendmail log 2) Do I need to do anything special with respect to DNS to get sendmail to be able to send outside of localhost Any help, guidance, de-dumbifying would be greatly appreciated. Thanks. ~Dan -- [EMAIL PROTECTED] it was a hard sell, since he's a database person, and as far as I've seen, once those database worms eat into your brain, it's hard to ever get anything practical done again. To a database person, every nail looks like a thumb. Or something like that. - jwz ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Sendmail Newbie Question
dps wrote: [ ... ] 1) How to I monitor the sendmail log Sendmail uses syslog to log messages to /var/log/maillog. 2) Do I need to do anything special with respect to DNS to get sendmail to be able to send outside of localhost In your circumstances, what you want to do is configure your sendmail to relay all external mail to your ISP's mail server, which can be done by setting SMART_HOST in /etc/mail/freebsd.mc appropriately. -- -Chuck ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sendmail newbie question
On Sat, Nov 29, 2003 at 08:36:57PM -0500, Marty Landman wrote: [Problems sending mail...] In a moment. First I'll say what I do know: - there is a /var/mail/Marty, empty - emails to Marty go to root's mailbox with the message user unknown I don't know much. :) I did sendmails to [EMAIL PROTECTED] and [EMAIL PROTECTED] and this is what appended to /var/log/maillog Try changing your user account to 'marty' -- all lower case. Use vipw(8) to do that. In general under Unix, usernames are almost always all lower case and so are most host and domainnames. The problem is that sendmail(8) [ or any standards compliant MTA ] expects e-mail addresses to be case insensitive. The DNS copes pretty well with the host part -- if you look carefully, you'll see that the FreeBSD mailer uses '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' and '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' pretty much interchangeably. In fact, sendmail(8) will always match domainnames case insensitively, but will preserve the case of any addresses it processes. The tricky part is the username -- here sendmail just passes the username through in whatever case it gets *except* when it does final delivery (ie. when it passes the message to the local delivery agent). At that point, it maps the username to lowercase -- for historical reasons: when sendmail started out there were mail systems that didn't understand the distinction between lower case and upper case at all, and the addresses on e-mails passing through those systems would get case folded. However on unix systems, user 'Marty' is not automatically the same as user 'marty' or as user 'MARTY'. Such systems have long since vanished from the net, but I have a sneaking suspicion that even nowadays some windows mailers may decide that they know best how to capitalise names and will silently correct them for you. It is possible to set up sendmail to preserve the case of usernames but doing so would mean your mail system wouldn't be standards compliant, so I'll keep quiet on the issue -- unless anyone really does have a burning desire to know how? Cheers, Matthew -- Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil. 26 The Paddocks Savill Way PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey Marlow Tel: +44 1628 476614 Bucks., SL7 1TH UK pgp0.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: sendmail newbie question
At 04:14 AM 11/30/2003, Matthew Seaman wrote: Try changing your user account to 'marty' -- all lower case. Use vipw(8) to do that. In general under Unix, usernames are almost always all lower case and so are most host and domainnames. Ohhh, didn't know that. Thanks Matthew, this worked. The problem is that sendmail(8) [ or any standards compliant MTA ] expects e-mail addresses to be case insensitive. I knew that emails to [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] are both handled the same way, but assumed the case insensitivity was a feature of the whole enchilada if you know what I mean. The tricky part is the username -- here sendmail just passes the username through in whatever case it gets *except* when it does final delivery (ie. when it passes the message to the local delivery agent). At that point, it maps the username to lowercase [snip] However on unix systems, user 'Marty' is not automatically the same as user 'marty' or as user 'MARTY'. If I understand correctly you're saying that by and large, modern Unix systems are case sensitive but since email is not the mailbox name e.g. 'Marty' is converted to lower case at some point in processing even if mixed case is used by the person sending the email properly wrt the server's config it will still fail unless everything's all lower case because of the case conversion done behind the scenes? It is possible to set up sendmail to preserve the case of usernames but doing so would mean your mail system wouldn't be standards compliant, so I'll keep quiet on the issue -- unless anyone really does have a burning desire to know how? Not me, because that would mean [EMAIL PROTECTED] would be a different address than [EMAIL PROTECTED], right? I have to agree that this is not imo a good thing. However it would be nice if any comparisons that get poisoned by the case conversion were themselves case insensitive e.g. uid =~ /$uid/i [in Perl] so that I could still have Marty as a user on my server. This does seem to help explain why on my web accounts my uid is case insensitive. Albeit they must have an lc convertor on the front end because mixed case works as well as lower case. Marty Landman Face 2 Interface Inc 845-679-9387 Sign On Required: Web membership software for your site Make a Website: http://face2interface.com/Home/Demo.shtml ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sendmail newbie question
On Sun, Nov 30, 2003 at 11:48:18AM -0500, Marty Landman wrote: However on unix systems, user 'Marty' is not automatically the same as user 'marty' or as user 'MARTY'. If I understand correctly you're saying that by and large, modern Unix systems are case sensitive but since email is not the mailbox name e.g. 'Marty' is converted to lower case at some point in processing even if mixed case is used by the person sending the email properly wrt the server's config it will still fail unless everything's all lower case because of the case conversion done behind the scenes? Correct -- although Unix has been case sensitive since way back. It is possible to set up sendmail to preserve the case of usernames but doing so would mean your mail system wouldn't be standards compliant, so I'll keep quiet on the issue -- unless anyone really does have a burning desire to know how? Not me, because that would mean [EMAIL PROTECTED] would be a different address than [EMAIL PROTECTED], right? I have to agree that this is not imo a good thing. As I said above, trying to make your username mixed case will give you grief with e-mail. However, it's pretty easy to have an all lower case username and make your e-mail address appear in whatever case you want, so long as the system can map them back to your username in order to do final delivery. For sendmail, you'ld use genericstable to do the username - e-mail address translation on the outgoing messages and either aliases or virtusertable to translate e-mail address - username on the incoming stuff. Just add: FEATURE(genericstable, `hash -o /etc/mail/genericstable')dnl to your /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc (assuming you're starting by copying /etc/mail/freebsd.mc, which already has virtusertable enabled). Then create a file /etc/mail/genericstable containing: martyMarty (LHS is the username, RHS is the e-mail address: you can use the fully qualified [EMAIL PROTECTED] style if you want, or [EMAIL PROTECTED]). See aliases(5) for the syntax of the aliases file. virtusertable is just like genericstable except the columns are reversed and the e-mail address has to have an @... part: [EMAIL PROTECTED] marty Then run: # cd /etc/mail # make # make install # make restart-mta Cheers, Matthew -- Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil. 26 The Paddocks Savill Way PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey Marlow Tel: +44 1628 476614 Bucks., SL7 1TH UK pgp0.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: sendmail newbie question
On Sat, 2003-11-29 at 18:10, Marty Landman wrote: I'm trying to understand how to configure sendmail on my fbsd box but hope this is on topic enough for the list. I can send an email from a user account to root and receive it fine, but can't send an email to the user account. Also there's mail for user www (apache's installed). What am I missing? What command are you using to send the mail? Are you sending to an actual domain on the box? Depending on how you are sending mail, you may need to set up local-hosts and relay-domains files. Let us know your mileage. Steve Marty Landman Face 2 Interface Inc 845-679-9387 Sign On Required: Web membership software for your site Make a Website: http://face2interface.com/Home/Demo.shtml ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sendmail newbie question
At 06:33 PM 11/29/2003, Steve Bertrand wrote: What command are you using to send the mail? FreeB sendmail [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello there . FreeB mail Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help. /var/mail/Marty: 0 messages q FreeB Are you sending to an actual domain on the box? Huh? (warned you I didn't know my shirt from my socks). I have a root acct and user acct (Marty) and the /etc/hosts file has defined my ip as SwamiSalami. The root account does get its mail, but attempts to send mail to Marty fail. Depending on how you are sending mail, you may need to set up local-hosts and relay-domains files. Let us know your mileage. I won't even try to answer, will just make me sound even more foolish. Marty Landman Face 2 Interface Inc 845-679-9387 Sign On Required: Web membership software for your site Make a Website: http://face2interface.com/Home/Demo.shtml ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sendmail newbie question
Woops heh heh heh At 06:33 PM 11/29/2003, Steve Bertrand wrote: What command are you using to send the mail? FreeB sendmail [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello there [dot] FreeB mail Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help. /var/mail/Marty: 0 messages q FreeB Are you sending to an actual domain on the box? Huh? (warned you I didn't know my shirt from my socks). I have a root acct and user acct (Marty) and the /etc/hosts file has defined my ip as SwamiSalami. The root account does get its mail, but attempts to send mail to Marty fail. Depending on how you are sending mail, you may need to set up local-hosts and relay-domains files. Let us know your mileage. I won't even try to answer, will just make me sound even more foolish. Marty Landman Face 2 Interface Inc 845-679-9387 Sign On Required: Web membership software for your site Make a Website: http://face2interface.com/Home/Demo.shtml ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sendmail newbie question
Woops heh heh heh At 06:33 PM 11/29/2003, Steve Bertrand wrote: What command are you using to send the mail? FreeB sendmail [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello there [dot] FreeB mail Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help. /var/mail/Marty: 0 messages q FreeB Are you sending to an actual domain on the box? Huh? (warned you I didn't know my shirt from my socks). I have a root acct and user acct (Marty) and the /etc/hosts file has defined my ip as SwamiSalami. The root account does get its mail, but attempts to send mail to Marty fail. Depending on how you are sending mail, you may need to set up local-hosts and relay-domains files. Let us know your mileage. I won't even try to answer, will just make me sound even more foolish. Are there any clues in /var/log/maillog? Paste the information from that log file here for review. Tks, Steve Marty Landman Face 2 Interface Inc 845-679-9387 Sign On Required: Web membership software for your site Make a Website: http://face2interface.com/Home/Demo.shtml ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sendmail newbie question
At 08:19 PM 11/29/2003, Steve Bertrand wrote: Are there any clues in /var/log/maillog? Paste the information from that log file here for review. In a moment. First I'll say what I do know: - there is a /var/mail/Marty, empty - emails to Marty go to root's mailbox with the message user unknown I don't know much. :) I did sendmails to [EMAIL PROTECTED] and [EMAIL PROTECTED] and this is what appended to /var/log/maillog Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9129]: hAU1RvuK009129: from=Marty, size=16, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=[EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED] Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9130]: hAU1S5YR009130: [EMAIL PROTECTED]... User unknown Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9129]: hAU1RvuK009129: [EMAIL PROTECTED], ctladdr=Marty (1001/1001), delay=00:00:08, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30016, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=5.1.1, stat=User unknown Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9130]: hAU1S5YR009130: from=[EMAIL PROTECTED], size=16, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1] Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9129]: hAU1RvuK009129: hAU1RvuL009129: DSN: User unknown Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9130]: hAU1S5YT009130: [EMAIL PROTECTED]... User unknown Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9129]: hAU1RvuL009129: to=Marty, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=31040, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=5.1.1, stat=User unknown Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9130]: hAU1S5YT009130: from=, size=1040, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1] Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9129]: hAU1RvuL009129: hAU1RvuM009129: return to sender: User unknown Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9130]: hAU1S5YV009130: from=, size=4275, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=[EMAIL PROTECTED], proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1] Nov 29 20:28:05 SwamiSalami sendmail[9129]: hAU1RvuM009129: to=postmaster, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=32064, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (hAU1S5YV009130 Message accepted for delivery) Nov 29 20:28:06 SwamiSalami sendmail[9131]: hAU1S5YV009130: to=root, delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=local, pri=34531, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent Nov 29 20:28:32 SwamiSalami sendmail[9133]: hAU1SSOk009133: from=Marty, size=12, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=[EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED] Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9134]: hAU1SWYR009134: [EMAIL PROTECTED]... User unknown Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9133]: hAU1SSOk009133: [EMAIL PROTECTED], ctladdr=Marty (1001/1001), delay=00:00:05, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=relay, pri=30012, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=5.1.1, stat=User unknown Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9134]: hAU1SWYR009134: from=[EMAIL PROTECTED], size=12, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1] Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9133]: hAU1SSOk009133: hAU1SSOl009133: DSN: User unknown Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9134]: hAU1SWYT009134: [EMAIL PROTECTED]... User unknown Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9133]: hAU1SSOl009133: to=Marty, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=31036, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=5.1.1, stat=User unknown Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9134]: hAU1SWYT009134: from=, size=1036, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1] Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9133]: hAU1SSOl009133: hAU1SSOm009133: return to sender: User unknown Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9134]: hAU1SWYV009134: from=, size=4235, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=[EMAIL PROTECTED], proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1] Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9133]: hAU1SSOm009133: to=postmaster, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=32060, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (hAU1SWYV009134 Message accepted for delivery) Nov 29 20:28:33 SwamiSalami sendmail[9135]: hAU1SWYV009134: to=root, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=34491, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent Marty Landman Face 2 Interface Inc 845-679-9387 Sign On Required: Web membership software for your site Make a Website: http://face2interface.com/Home/Demo.shtml ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
