Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Polytropon]

On Mon, 07 Oct 2013 21:09:44 +0100, Frank Leonhardt wrote:
> On 07/10/2013 13:36, Polytropon wrote:
> > > Is there any way to make a noise through the built in "bell" speaker
> > > found on an IBM PC compatible server box? Writing 007 to the BIOS cout
> > > routine might do it, but I've realised I haven't got a clue how to 
> > do that.
>  > Making it audible is part of the local terminal emulator,
>  > either the TTY (text mode) driver or via xterm (or the
>  > preferred alternative terminal emulator in X).
> 
> Yers, but I'm not running X. Or a character terminal come to that :-)

In that case, something line

printf "\a" > /dev/console

should work - I've just tried it. You can do that from a
shell script or maybe even via fprintf() from your own code.



>  > See the following shell script as an example of what you
>  > can do: 
> 
> Overkill. I have proper work to do rather than working out how to play 
> appropriate bit silly little tunes for every eventuality. Actually 
> spkr.c has some useful comments in it - apparently it works the same as 
> IBM PC BASIC. Now how do I make it polyphonic...

By adding more computers. This is the established solution
to _every_ IT-related problem. :-)

The code in /usr/src/sys/dev/speaker/spkr.c provides a more
streamlined interface to sound generation. It's even more
"bare metal" than what I remember from Borland Turbo-C:

sound(1000);
delay(2500);
nosound();

It was important not to miss the 3rd line or the "fun" would
never end. :-)



>  > Always make sure that the system actually _has_ got an
>  > internal speaker! I assume that modern PC hardware could
>  > have it removed along with floppy drive connector, parallel
>  > port or power switch.
> 
> Remains to be seen, but most still seem to have one so the BIOS ROM can 
> make "beep" diagnostic codes if it can't do anything else.

This proves that it is present, even if it's not an attached
speaker anymore. Many mainboards contain a little piezo speaker
directly mounted (my ultracheap home PC does, for example).



>  >> P.S. "cdcontrol -f /dev/mycdrom eject" is the best I've come up with so
>  >> far for getting attention.
>  > That's a really clever idea, never heared of that. It has
>  > the advantage of being permanent because the drive will
>  > stay open when the sound of its motor has finished. :-)
> 
> I use it all the time, especially when directing a tech to the 
> appropriate server in a rack. "It's the one I just popped the CD drive 
> on". These days servers have the spring-loaded notebook drives instead 
> of the motorised trays, which is a pity. You could keep winding the 
> motorised ones in and out until someone spotted it.

This seems to be better than those "slot-in" drives I had
in one server: no moving parts to the outside.



> I suppose if you did 
> it energetically enough it might catch fire and set off the smoke alarm 
> (audible).

This procedure has been part of an independent quality test
of CD recorders, performed by a PC maganzine many years ago.
Interesting result: the cheapest drive would last longer than
the most expensive one in which the gears automatically had
disassembled. :-)



> Or leave it wound out with a tin can balanced on it; to make 
> a noise wind it back in and hear it clatter to the floor.

Interesting use for the "4X cup holder". :-)



-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Frank Leonhardt]

On 07/10/2013 13:36, Polytropon wrote:

> Is there any way to make a noise through the built in "bell" speaker
> found on an IBM PC compatible server box? Writing 007 to the BIOS cout
> routine might do it, but I've realised I haven't got a clue how to 
do that.

> Making it audible is part of the local terminal emulator,
> either the TTY (text mode) driver or via xterm (or the
> preferred alternative terminal emulator in X).

Yers, but I'm not running X. Or a character terminal come to that :-)

>
> A more sophisticated interface is provided as soon as your
> kernel has
>
> device speaker
>
> compiled in (or speaker.ko has been loaded). Now you can
> play wonderful music through the speaker. :-)
>
> See "man 4 speaker" for details.

Thanks! This is what I was looking for.

> See the following shell script as an example of what you
> can do: 

Overkill. I have proper work to do rather than working out how to play 
appropriate bit silly little tunes for every eventuality. Actually 
spkr.c has some useful comments in it - apparently it works the same as 
IBM PC BASIC. Now how do I make it polyphonic...



> Always make sure that the system actually _has_ got an
> internal speaker! I assume that modern PC hardware could
> have it removed along with floppy drive connector, parallel
> port or power switch.

Remains to be seen, but most still seem to have one so the BIOS ROM can 
make "beep" diagnostic codes if it can't do anything else.


>> P.S. "cdcontrol -f /dev/mycdrom eject" is the best I've come up with so
>> far for getting attention.
> That's a really clever idea, never heared of that. It has
> the advantage of being permanent because the drive will
> stay open when the sound of its motor has finished. :-)

I use it all the time, especially when directing a tech to the 
appropriate server in a rack. "It's the one I just popped the CD drive 
on". These days servers have the spring-loaded notebook drives instead 
of the motorised trays, which is a pity. You could keep winding the 
motorised ones in and out until someone spotted it. I suppose if you did 
it energetically enough it might catch fire and set off the smoke alarm 
(audible). Or leave it wound out with a tin can balanced on it; to make 
a noise wind it back in and hear it clatter to the floor.


(Incidentally - email over-lap because earlier reply posted to me and 
list rather than just list)


Regards, Frank.

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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Warren Block]

On Mon, 7 Oct 2013, Frank Leonhardt wrote:

On 07/10/2013 13:06, Peter Boosten wrote:


echo "CTRL-V CTRL-G" should do the trick


Or, more easily, printf "\a".

Alas, not. The console driver won't ring the BIOS bell on anything I've 
tried. It might on a desktop with a built-in sound card and speakers, but it 
won't do anything with the "beep" speaker. It's actually the same solution I 
mentioned in the first line (\a translates to 007 which is ctrl-G).


Make sure hw.syscons.bell is set to 1.  It can be changed at run time, 
like in /etc/sysctl.conf.  Some systems have it disabled (set to 0) 
because the bell is amazingly loud and piercing.  (Looking at you, 
Dell.)

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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Frank Leonhardt]

On 07/10/2013 14:31, RW wrote:

On Mon, 07 Oct 2013 13:46:53 +0100
Frank Leonhardt wrote:



Alas, not. The console driver won't ring the BIOS bell on anything
I've tried. It might on a desktop with a built-in sound card and
speakers, but it won't do anything with the "beep" speaker.

Are you sure you have one? The last two cases I bought didn't.



They beep when you turn them on and they're ready to boot :-)

/dev/speaker appears to be the answer.

Thanks, Frank.

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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Steve O'Hara-Smith]

On Mon, 07 Oct 2013 13:46:53 +0100
Frank Leonhardt  wrote:

> Then there's the issue of writing it to the console rather than a 
> virtual terminal, but I have a few hacks that'll achieve that part.

/dev/console is your friend.

-- 
Steve O'Hara-Smith 
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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[RW]

On Mon, 07 Oct 2013 13:46:53 +0100
Frank Leonhardt wrote:


> Alas, not. The console driver won't ring the BIOS bell on anything
> I've tried. It might on a desktop with a built-in sound card and
> speakers, but it won't do anything with the "beep" speaker.

Are you sure you have one? The last two cases I bought didn't.
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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Leslie Jensen]

Frank Leonhardt skrev 2013-10-07 13:37:

In the good'ol days I could make UNIX ring a bell (literally) by sending
\a to the console TTY (an ASR33 in my case). Now there's an electronic
synthesised ting or beep from an terminal emulator IF it's got a sound
card and so on, and an IBM-PC had a beep routine in the BIOS.

Is there any way to make a noise through the built in "bell" speaker
found on an IBM PC compatible server box? Writing 007 to the BIOS cout
routine might do it, but I've realised I haven't got a clue how to do that.

I could easily knock up a bit of hardware to go on a serial port (or
similar) that could be triggered to make a noise, but these things have
already got the hardware built in and I'm looking to use what I've
already got.

Thanks, Frank.

P.S. "cdcontrol -f /dev/mycdrom eject" is the best I've come up with so
far for getting attention.

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You also have the audio/yell port.




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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Steve O'Hara-Smith]

On Mon, 07 Oct 2013 12:37:35 +0100
Frank Leonhardt  wrote:

> In the good'ol days I could make UNIX ring a bell (literally) by sending 
> \a to the console TTY (an ASR33 in my case). Now there's an electronic 
> synthesised ting or beep from an terminal emulator IF it's got a sound 
> card and so on, and an IBM-PC had a beep routine in the BIOS.

Try this:

echo ^G > /dev/console

You'll have to type ^V^G to get a real ^G in the command line
(^ means control of course).

-- 
Steve O'Hara-Smith 
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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Frank Leonhardt]

On 07/10/2013 13:06, Peter Boosten wrote:


On 7 okt. 2013, at 13:37, Frank Leonhardt > wrote:


In the good'ol days I could make UNIX ring a bell (literally) by 
sending \a to the console TTY (an ASR33 in my case). Now there's an 
electronic synthesised ting or beep from an terminal emulator IF it's 
got a sound card and so on, and an IBM-PC had a beep routine in the BIOS.


Is there any way to make a noise through the built in "bell" speaker 
found on an IBM PC compatible server box? Writing 007 to the BIOS 
cout routine might do it, but I've realised I haven't got a clue how 
to do that.


I could easily knock up a bit of hardware to go on a serial port (or 
similar) that could be triggered to make a noise, but these things 
have already got the hardware built in and I'm looking to use what 
I've already got.


Thanks, Frank.

P.S. "cdcontrol -f /dev/mycdrom eject" is the best I've come up with 
so far for getting attention.


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echo "CTRL-V CTRL-G" should do the trick

Alas, not. The console driver won't ring the BIOS bell on anything I've 
tried. It might on a desktop with a built-in sound card and speakers, 
but it won't do anything with the "beep" speaker. It's actually the same 
solution I mentioned in the first line (\a translates to 007 which is 
ctrl-G).


Then there's the issue of writing it to the console rather than a 
virtual terminal, but I have a few hacks that'll achieve that part.


IIRC there was once a FreeBSD kernel module to drive the PC speaker 
(through /dev/pcspeaker or similar), but it seems to have gone or I'm 
confusing it with another BSD (or Linux).


No I'm not. /usr/src/sys/dev/speaker/spkr.c(!) I may be close to a 
solution...


Regards, Frank.

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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Polytropon]

On Mon, 07 Oct 2013 12:37:35 +0100, Frank Leonhardt wrote:
> In the good'ol days I could make UNIX ring a bell (literally) by sending 
> \a to the console TTY (an ASR33 in my case).

Ah, the famous ^G control character... :-)



> Now there's an electronic 
> synthesised ting or beep from an terminal emulator IF it's got a sound 
> card and so on, and an IBM-PC had a beep routine in the BIOS.

The terminal beep routine will primarily address the system's
speaker (located at or connected to the mainboard). A side
effect on the sound card is possible (the Logitech SoundMan
did have that feature), but it's not really in relation.



> Is there any way to make a noise through the built in "bell" speaker 
> found on an IBM PC compatible server box? Writing 007 to the BIOS cout 
> routine might do it, but I've realised I haven't got a clue how to do that.

Making it audible is part of the local terminal emulator,
either the TTY (text mode) driver or via xterm (or the
preferred alternative terminal emulator in X).

A simple

printf "\a"

from the shell prompt should be sufficient. Note that if
you're running this in X, you have to make sure the bell
is not disabled. For example, put

xset b 100 1000 15

in your ~/.xinitrc (or ~/.xsession respectively).

A more sophisticated interface is provided as soon as your
kernel has

device speaker

compiled in (or speaker.ko has been loaded). Now you can
play wonderful music through the speaker. :-)

See "man 4 speaker" for details.

See the following shell script as an example of what you
can do:

#!/bin/sh
read -p "CW ===> " TEXT
echo ${TEXT} | morse | awk '{
if(length($0) == 0)
printf("P4\n");
else {
gsub(" dit", "P32L32E", $0);
gsub(" di",  "P32L32E", $0);
gsub(" dah", "P32L8E",  $0);
printf("%sP16\n", $0);
}
}' | dd bs=256 of=/dev/speaker > /dev/null 2>&1

Feel free to add support for reading from stdin so you can
listen to your console messages piped into the script. :-)

Always make sure that the system actually _has_ got an
internal speaker! I assume that modern PC hardware could
have it removed along with floppy drive connector, parallel
port or power switch.



> P.S. "cdcontrol -f /dev/mycdrom eject" is the best I've come up with so 
> far for getting attention.

That's a really clever idea, never heared of that. It has
the advantage of being permanent because the drive will
stay open when the sound of its motor has finished. :-)


-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: How do I ring a bell?

[Peter Boosten]

On 7 okt. 2013, at 13:37, Frank Leonhardt  wrote:

> In the good'ol days I could make UNIX ring a bell (literally) by sending \a 
> to the console TTY (an ASR33 in my case). Now there's an electronic 
> synthesised ting or beep from an terminal emulator IF it's got a sound card 
> and so on, and an IBM-PC had a beep routine in the BIOS.
> 
> Is there any way to make a noise through the built in "bell" speaker found on 
> an IBM PC compatible server box? Writing 007 to the BIOS cout routine might 
> do it, but I've realised I haven't got a clue how to do that.
> 
> I could easily knock up a bit of hardware to go on a serial port (or similar) 
> that could be triggered to make a noise, but these things have already got 
> the hardware built in and I'm looking to use what I've already got.
> 
> Thanks, Frank.
> 
> P.S. "cdcontrol -f /dev/mycdrom eject" is the best I've come up with so far 
> for getting attention.
> 
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echo "CTRL-V CTRL-G" should do the trick 

-- 
Peter Boosten
http://www.boosten.org


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Re: How do I launch Calligra?

[Eduardo Morras]

On Thu, 20 Jun 2013 09:02:42 -0700
Ed Flecko  wrote:

> I've installed Calligra "Suite" from package, but I'm struggling to figure
> out how to launch any of its programs???

These are my entries in the handwritten Fluxbox Menu:

/usr/local/kde4/bin/kexi
/usr/local/kde4/bin/calligrawords

HTH

> Ed

---   ---
Eduardo Morras 
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Re: How do I launch Calligra?

[ill...@gmail.com]

On 20 June 2013 14:33, Polytropon  wrote:

> On Thu, 20 Jun 2013 09:02:42 -0700, Ed Flecko wrote:
> > I've installed Calligra "Suite" from package, but I'm struggling to
> figure
> > out how to launch any of its programs???
>
> Check what's been installed, especially with a new entry
> in /usr/local/bin, maybe with
>
> $ grep "bin" /var/db/pkg//+CONTENTS
>
> where  is the correct package name including
> the version (use TAB completition).
>
>
pkg info -l
if you're using pkgng
also,
ls -rt /usr/local/bin
is sometimes helpful

-- 
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Re: How do I launch Calligra?

[Polytropon]

On Thu, 20 Jun 2013 09:02:42 -0700, Ed Flecko wrote:
> I've installed Calligra "Suite" from package, but I'm struggling to figure
> out how to launch any of its programs???

Check what's been installed, especially with a new entry
in /usr/local/bin, maybe with

$ grep "bin" /var/db/pkg//+CONTENTS

where  is the correct package name including
the version (use TAB completition).


-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: how do I restart lagg0 properly?

[markus . hoenicka]

Erich Dollansky writes:
 > I have used this configuration with success:
 > 
 > ifconfig_em0="up"
 > ifconfig_iwn0="ether MAC address of em0"
 > wlans_iwn0="wlan0"
 > ifconfig_wlan0="WPA"
 > cloned_interfaces="lagg0"
 > ifconfig_lagg0="laggproto failover laggport em0 laggport wlan0
 > Your IP address"
 > 
 > This configuration switched automatically between the available
 > connections prefering em0. There are no routing problems, nothing of
 > this sort at all.


Thanks for confirming the setup. I basically use the same but with
DHCP enabled.

I've done quite a bit of testing lately. Turns out that *sometimes*
lagg0 works as advertized. When the box was booted with WLAN available
only, I can plug in a patch cable and connect to my DSL router via
LAN. Most of the times though, this does not work. After plugging in
the cable, I cannot make any outbound connections. The box can be
pinged from other boxes in my LAN though. *Sometimes* the following
commands will enable networking after plugging in the patch cable in
these cases:

service netif start
service routing restart

But then, most of the times this does not help either. I'm at a loss
now. I'm actually wondering if the problem is located on the other end
of the line (I'm using a Fritz!Box 7113 DSL router for both LAN and
WLAN).

regards,
Markus

-- 
Markus Hoenicka
http://www.mhoenicka.de
AQ score 38
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Re: how do I restart lagg0 properly?

[Erich Dollansky]

Hi,

On Tue, 29 Jan 2013 00:09:36 +0100
markus.hoeni...@mhoenicka.de wrote:

> I've tried to setup link aggregation to allow networking through WLAN
> and ethernet on my laptop, see:
> 
> http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2013-January/248605.html
> 
> (this thread contains my network setup information)
> 
> The lack of replies may indicate that it is not possible to set up
> lagg in a way which allows to setup networking either via WLAN or via
> ethernet, whichever is accessible during boot. In any case I figured

I have used this configuration with success:

ifconfig_em0="up"
ifconfig_iwn0="ether MAC address of em0"
wlans_iwn0="wlan0"
ifconfig_wlan0="WPA"
cloned_interfaces="lagg0"
ifconfig_lagg0="laggproto failover laggport em0 laggport wlan0
Your IP address"

This configuration switched automatically between the available
connections prefering em0. There are no routing problems, nothing of
this sort at all.

Erich
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Re: How do I set number of retries in Firefox?

[Polytropon]

On Thu, 20 Sep 2012 20:52:27 -0400, Dieter BSD wrote:
> I would have never guessed to type "about:config" as a URL.
> Very useful to know.  Thank you.

Allow me a sidenote: This also works in Opera and provides
access to configuration and functionality that has no usable
GUI equivalent.



-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: How do I set number of retries in Firefox?

[Dieter BSD]

>> I have a problem with various parts of web pages stopping
>> before getting completely downloaded. Links has a useful retries
>> setting (setup->network options->retries) which seems to fix
>> this. I need a similar fix for firefox 3.6.2

> Firefox 15
> URL: about:config
> search: retry
> network.http.connection-retry-timeout;250

3.6.2 doesn't have network.http.connection-retry-timeout,
but I found network.http.max-connections and friends,
reducing those should reduce the timeouts.  So far so good.

I would have never guessed to type "about:config" as a URL.
Very useful to know.  Thank you.
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Re: How do I set number of retries in Firefox?

[jb]

Dieter BSD  engineer.com> writes:

> 
> [ no response on mozilla@ list, trying questions@ ]
> 
> I have a problem with various parts of web pages stopping
> before getting completely downloaded. Links has a useful retries
> setting (setup->network options->retries) which seems to fix
> this. I need a similar fix for firefox 3.6.2

Firefox 15
URL: about:config
search: retry
network.http.connection-retry-timeout;250

jb




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Re: How do I determine support for $xx?

[Julian H. Stacey]

Hi Devin
There were some great tips in your last post.
Would be great if they couldfo in FreeBSD handbook somewhere.

Cheers,
Julian
-- 
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 Reply below not above, cumulative like a play script, & indent with "> ".
 Format: Plain text. Not HTML, multipart/alternative, base64, quoted-printable.
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Re: How do I determine support for $xx?

[Rick Miller]

Matthew/Devin,  Thanks for the feedback.

After I sent this email, I determined that the Intel i350 is indeed
supported as a machine I built with FreeBSD was utilizing this NIC.

I've tried the BCM5719 with stable/8 (5/21/2012) and it kernel panics
when the interface is configured.  I was told by a source contributor
that the BCM5720 does not work (confirmed as recently as within the
last week), but I've not tested it.  I'm just passing this on as
information...I don't expect any feedback with regards to this.

On Fri, Jun 8, 2012 at 1:06 PM, Devin Teske  wrote:
>
> On Jun 8, 2012, at 9:45 AM, Devin Teske wrote:
>
>> Hi Rick (!),
>>
>> On Jun 8, 2012, at 8:07 AM, Rick Miller wrote:
>>
>
> [snip]
>
>>>
>>> I browsed the source and found many references to the BCM5719 and
>>> BCM5720.  However, I am unfamiliar enough with driver programming in C
>>> to identify if a controller is fully supported.
>>>
>>
>
> [snip]
>
>> If you were running, say, 8.0-R, even if you have the bge(4) driver loaded, 
>> you would see this in /var/run/dmesg.boot:
>>
>>       pciN:  (vendor=0x1106, dev=0x165f) at X.Y
>>
>
> Correction, (specific to BCM5720) you'd see:
>
>        pciN:  (vendor=0x14e4, dev=0x165f) at X.Y
>
> Which, btw, you can confirm to yourself by executing the following within 
> 8.3-R (with attached bge(4)):
>
> $ pciconf -lv | awk '/^bge/{print $1,$4}'
> bge0@pciN:A:B:C: chip=0x165f14e4
>
> Otherwise, you can see an unknown (non-working bge(4)) Broadcom BCM5720 
> hardware by executing (on 8.0-R for example):
>
> $ grep unk /var/run/dmesg.boot | grep 0x14e4
> pciN:  (vendor=0x14e4, dev=0x165f) at X.Y
>
> NOTE: On a system where all hardware is probed/attached, "grep unk 
> /var/run/dmesg.boot" should not produce any results. In this case, pciconf is 
> your tool for probing vendor/device IDs.
>
>
>> NOTE: Insert random numbers for "N", and "X.Y"
>>
>> How you know that 8.3-R's bge(4) driver supports the BCM5720 is because this 
>> source file:
>>
>> http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/dev/bge/if_bgereg.h?annotate=1.83.2.35.2.1
>>
>> NOTE: I specifically pointed you at CVS instead of SVN so that you can see 
>> the version tagged for 8.3-R
>>
>> Specifically, this line:
>>
>>       2309: #define        BCOM_DEVICEID_BCM5720           0x165F
>
> [snip]
>
> --
> Devin
>
> _
> The information contained in this message is proprietary and/or confidential. 
> If you are not the intended recipient, please: (i) delete the message and all 
> copies; (ii) do not disclose, distribute or use the message in any manner; 
> and (iii) notify the sender immediately. In addition, please be aware that 
> any message addressed to our domain is subject to archiving and review by 
> persons other than the intended recipient. Thank you.



-- 
Take care
Rick Miller
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Re: How do I determine support for $xx?

[Devin Teske]

On Jun 8, 2012, at 9:45 AM, Devin Teske wrote:

> Hi Rick (!),
> 
> On Jun 8, 2012, at 8:07 AM, Rick Miller wrote:
> 

[snip]

>> 
>> I browsed the source and found many references to the BCM5719 and
>> BCM5720.  However, I am unfamiliar enough with driver programming in C
>> to identify if a controller is fully supported.
>> 
> 

[snip]

> If you were running, say, 8.0-R, even if you have the bge(4) driver loaded, 
> you would see this in /var/run/dmesg.boot:
> 
>   pciN:  (vendor=0x1106, dev=0x165f) at X.Y
> 

Correction, (specific to BCM5720) you'd see:

pciN:  (vendor=0x14e4, dev=0x165f) at X.Y

Which, btw, you can confirm to yourself by executing the following within 8.3-R 
(with attached bge(4)):

$ pciconf -lv | awk '/^bge/{print $1,$4}'
bge0@pciN:A:B:C: chip=0x165f14e4

Otherwise, you can see an unknown (non-working bge(4)) Broadcom BCM5720 
hardware by executing (on 8.0-R for example):

$ grep unk /var/run/dmesg.boot | grep 0x14e4
pciN:  (vendor=0x14e4, dev=0x165f) at X.Y

NOTE: On a system where all hardware is probed/attached, "grep unk 
/var/run/dmesg.boot" should not produce any results. In this case, pciconf is 
your tool for probing vendor/device IDs.


> NOTE: Insert random numbers for "N", and "X.Y"
> 
> How you know that 8.3-R's bge(4) driver supports the BCM5720 is because this 
> source file:
> 
> http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/dev/bge/if_bgereg.h?annotate=1.83.2.35.2.1
> 
> NOTE: I specifically pointed you at CVS instead of SVN so that you can see 
> the version tagged for 8.3-R
> 
> Specifically, this line:
> 
>   2309: #defineBCOM_DEVICEID_BCM5720   0x165F

[snip]

-- 
Devin

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Re: How do I determine support for $xx?

[Devin Teske]

Hi Rick (!),

On Jun 8, 2012, at 8:07 AM, Rick Miller wrote:

> Hi All,
> 
> If this question is better suited for a different list please let me
> know.  Simply stated, my question is 'What is the best source for
> identifying supported hardware?'.

The source!

Actually, pciconf and "grep unknown /var/run/dmesg.boot" and using 
pcidatabase.com are all good starts (for me at least).

When I'm integrating new/old hardware there isn't "one path" that I take. It 
really depends on what the situation is.

(and so to give you the best advice, I read-on)


>  Having said that, allow me to pose
> an example...
> 
> I've attempted to identify if various ethernet controllers are
> supported by FreeBSD and the drivers.  I used the hardware notes and
> manpages for the respective ethernet drivers.  The information between
> the two sometimes seems inconsistent and/or inaccurate.  For example,
> the BCM5719 and BCM5720 are unsupported in FreeBSD at this time.

That *was* true, but it's integrated quite well now with 8.3-R. We have a few 
NEC workstations eval's fresh for testing that are using that hardware.


>  The
> hardware notes at freebsd.org do not specify these controllers are
> supported.  Inspection of the bge(4) manpage implies that the
> controllers are supported as seen in the description section where it
> states:
> 
> "The bge driver provides support for various NICs based on the
> Broadcom BCM570x, 571x, 572x, 575x, 576x, 578x, 5776x and 5778x
> Gigabit Ethernet controller chips and the 590x and 5779x Fast Ethernet
> controller chips."
> 
> I browsed the source and found many references to the BCM5719 and
> BCM5720.  However, I am unfamiliar enough with driver programming in C
> to identify if a controller is fully supported.
> 

You really need to know the 4-digit hexadecimal Vendor ID and Model ID of the 
chipset to KNOW that a source module will probe/attach to a given hardware 
by-spec. Probing/attaching is mostly done by registry arrays defining these hex 
values as what to attach to during probe.

Of course, booting the OS is the best way.

If your HW device is not picked up by any module (built-in or otherwise), then 
you'll get a line like the following in /var/run/dmesg.boot:

pci0:  (vendor=0x1106, dev=0x3057) at 4.4

There's those hex values. If you take the device value and enter it into 
pcidatabase.com you'll get:


http://pcidatabase.com/search.php?device_search_str=0x3057&device_search=Search

Which comes up as:

"ACPI Power Management Controller" by "VIA Technologies, Inc"

That's the unknown device.

But, let's focus on BCM5720…

If you were running, say, 8.0-R, even if you have the bge(4) driver loaded, you 
would see this in /var/run/dmesg.boot:

pciN:  (vendor=0x1106, dev=0x165f) at X.Y

NOTE: Insert random numbers for "N", and "X.Y"

How you know that 8.3-R's bge(4) driver supports the BCM5720 is because this 
source file:

http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/dev/bge/if_bgereg.h?annotate=1.83.2.35.2.1

NOTE: I specifically pointed you at CVS instead of SVN so that you can see the 
version tagged for 8.3-R

Specifically, this line:

2309: #defineBCOM_DEVICEID_BCM5720   0x165F




> Also, I attempted to identify whether the Intel i350 is supported.
> It's not listed in the hardware notes or the igb(4) manpage so I
> suspect it is not supported.

Boot up and see if it shows up as an unknown device. HINT: 0x8086 is often 
Intel's Vendor ID

It's easier to start that route and get the vendor/device hex so you can 
recursively grep src/sys/dev for those hex values (make sure to do it case 
insensitively). Investigating each match (especially if it ends in "_reg.h" or 
"_reg.c" or "hw.c" etc.) should show you (in code) which modules may (or may 
not) support a given unknown hardware (either in your current branch or 
another).

If you're commonly dealing with new hardware on an often-enough basis, then 
it's advisable to have a copy of HEAD checked out for keeping src/sys/dev up to 
date for recursive grepping to find out if hardware is supported (in the 
previously described manner).


>  When I view the igb source, the i350 is
> referenced numerous times.  Are these references simply code in
> preparation for support of the i350?
> 

Maybe. If you have HW specs for the board you're trying to integrate, check for 
the vendor/device id's and see if they match the references that you're finding 
in code.
-- 
Devin

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freebsd-question

Re: How do I determine support for $xx?

[Matthew Seaman]

On 08/06/2012 16:07, Rick Miller wrote:
> If this question is better suited for a different list please let me
> know.  Simply stated, my question is 'What is the best source for
> identifying supported hardware?'.  Having said that, allow me to pose
> an example...
> 
> I've attempted to identify if various ethernet controllers are
> supported by FreeBSD and the drivers.  I used the hardware notes and
> manpages for the respective ethernet drivers.  The information between
> the two sometimes seems inconsistent and/or inaccurate.  For example,
> the BCM5719 and BCM5720 are unsupported in FreeBSD at this time.  The
> hardware notes at freebsd.org do not specify these controllers are
> supported.  Inspection of the bge(4) manpage implies that the
> controllers are supported as seen in the description section where it
> states:
> 
> "The bge driver provides support for various NICs based on the
> Broadcom BCM570x, 571x, 572x, 575x, 576x, 578x, 5776x and 5778x
> Gigabit Ethernet controller chips and the 590x and 5779x Fast Ethernet
> controller chips."

The Hardware notes do not contain definitive lists of all of the
hardware that is supported.  Support for NICs generally goes by what
chipset is used in the NIC, but may be confounded by some manufacturers
using unusual firmware.

If a particular device is listed in a man page, that indicates that
device has been tested and is known to work.

If the source code makes reference to a specific device, then generally
that device will work too: part working or in-progress code is not
generally committed to the FreeBSD sources.

If a devices' chipset is listed in a man page, but there's no reference
to a specific device, then the device stands a good chance of working.
If such a device doesn't work, then frequently it can be fixed quite
easily by specifying appropriate device quirks.

> I browsed the source and found many references to the BCM5719 and
> BCM5720.  However, I am unfamiliar enough with driver programming in C
> to identify if a controller is fully supported.
> 
> Also, I attempted to identify whether the Intel i350 is supported.
> It's not listed in the hardware notes or the igb(4) manpage so I
> suspect it is not supported.  When I view the igb source, the i350 is
> referenced numerous times.  Are these references simply code in
> preparation for support of the i350?

As I said above, this would be unusual.  The development process in
FreeBSD nowadays is to work on projects (eg. the addition of a driver
for a new piece of hardware) off-line and only commit the code to the
mainline sources once it is basically complete and ready for exposure to
a wider audience for testing.

Ultimately the best way to tell if any particular device is supported is
to try it.  There are plenty of USB-stick images of FreeBSD or PC-BSD
readily downloadable so you can test boot up a candidate machine without
committing to install the OS on it.  While most manufacturers won't
"support" FreeBSD per-se, if you can find the right sort of techy person
to talk to, they'll often tip you off about whether FreeBSD is known to
work or not.

Hardware from big-name suppliers (Dell, HP and the like for complete
systems; Intel, Broadcomm for NICs) is a priority for support although
it may take a few months for the code to become generally available for
the newest bits of kit.  In fact, so long as the components you want to
use have been on the market for around 6 months (very approximately) and
they are aimed at use in server hardware rather than personal or casual
use, the chances are good that they will just work in FreeBSD.

Cheers,

Matthew

-- 
Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil.
PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey





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Re: how do I fix this?

[Roland Smith]

On Tue, Jun 05, 2012 at 03:34:27PM -0700, Gary Kline wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 05, 2012 at 08:04:35AM +0200, Roland Smith wrote:
> > >   what I  want to do is get as current as possible and then 
> > >   install 7.5.  and stay there.
> > 
> > 7.5 what? Do you mean Xorg? Please try and be specific.
> 
>   FreeBSD-7.5.  pretty sure I saw something about 7.4 being
>   upgraded to 7.5.

It doesn't look like it. From
http://www.nl.freebsd.org/releases/7.4R/announce.html: 
"This will be the last release from the 7-STABLE branch."

7.4 is listed as a "legacy" release of the FreeBSD homepage. The only upcoming
release listed is 9.1 somewhere this year.

> > Portmaster will first recurse through the port and all of its dependencies
> > (if any) to handle any port OPTIONS via the 'make config' interface,
> > before going off on the big build.
> 
> 
>   one thing ive been doing is de-selection most  of the
>   options..  the box is my server. we [freebsders] have lost
>   the desktop 'market'   

My desktop and laptop beg to differ. :-) 

UNIX is a toolbox, not an appliance. So it was never meant for the "desktop
market". But that doesn't mean it cannot be used as such.
 
Roland
-- 
R.F.Smith   http://rsmith.home.xs4all.nl/
[plain text _non-HTML_ PGP/GnuPG encrypted/signed email much appreciated]
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Re: how do I fix this?

[Gary Kline]

On Tue, Jun 05, 2012 at 08:04:35AM +0200, Roland Smith wrote:
> Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2012 08:04:35 +0200
> From: Roland Smith 
> Subject: Re: how do I  fix this?
> To: Gary Kline 
> Cc: FreeBSD 
> 
> On Mon, Jun 04, 2012 at 09:53:11PM -0700, Gary Kline wrote:
> > no joy.  I did another full upgrade.  first time in many
> > months.  then spent a couple hours with portmaster (thank
> > you, Roland:).  this as a first upgrade.  
> 
> Make sure you update portmaster first. The latest versions have significant
> improvements. Also there has recently been a upgrade of libPNG, requiring a
> rebuild of everything that needs it.

pretty sure that I did exactly that.

> 
> > what I  want to do is get as current as possible and then 
> > install 7.5.  and stay there.
> 
> 7.5 what? Do you mean Xorg? Please try and be specific.

FreeBSD-7.5.  pretty sure I saw something about 7.4 being
upgraded to 7.5.  I've been at FBSD-7.3 for a long ti me.  I
dont remember how many times I have upgraded this release,
but it has been solid.  
> 
> >  another question involves 
> > accepting the "3-D" windows with whatever options they might
> > present. 
> 
> You mean the options dialogs as run by 'make config'? 

exactly.  


> Portmaster will first
> recurse through the port and all of its dependencies (if any) to handle any
> port OPTIONS via the 'make config' interface, before going off on the big
> build. 


one thing ive been doing is de-selection most  of the
options..  the box is my server. we [freebsders] have lost
the desktop 'market'   
> 
> > is there any upgrade utility or flag that will
> > accept and upgrade things without me having to be here?
> 
> Yes and no. With the latest portmaster you can use the -y flag to
> automatically answer "yes" to all questions. But some ports are marked as
> "interactive", in the sense that they need you to give some input. Or they are
> marked as "restricted" in that you might have to go and download the tarball
> yourself somewhere. These are properties of the ports system and the
> individual ports. No port build tool can override that.
> 
> BTW, use the -R flag with portmaster. If a long build fails, it skips already
> updated stuff on the second try.


super; I'll add -yR to the argv list. tx again,

gary

> 
> Roland
> -- 
> R.F.Smith   http://rsmith.home.xs4all.nl/
> [plain text _non-HTML_ PGP/GnuPG encrypted/signed email much appreciated]
> pgp: 1A2B 477F 9970 BA3C 2914  B7CE 1277 EFB0 C321 A725 (KeyID: C321A725)



-- 
 Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
 Voice By Computer (for Universal Access): http:/www.thought.org/vbc
  The 8.57a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org
 Twenty-five years of service to the Unix community.

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Re: how do I fix this?

[Roland Smith]

On Mon, Jun 04, 2012 at 09:53:11PM -0700, Gary Kline wrote:
> > Subject: Re: how do I  fix this?
> > To: FreeBSD 
> > X-Mailer: Claws Mail 3.8.0 (GTK+ 2.24.6; amd64-portbld-freebsd8.3)
> > 
> > On Mon, 4 Jun 2012 14:43:08 -0700
> > Gary Kline articulated:
> > 
> > >from portupgrade, I just learned this:
> > >
> > >gmake[1]: Leaving directory
> > >`/usr/ports/security/gnupg/work/gnupg-2.0.18'
> > >gmake: *** [all] Error 2
> > >*** Error code 1
> > >
> > >Stop in /usr/ports/security/gnupg.
> > >*** Error code 1
> > >
> > >Stop in /usr/ports/security/gnupg.
> > >** Command failed [exit code 1]: /usr/bin/script -qa
> > >/tmp/portupgrade20120604-59509-nufufc-0 env UPGRADE_TOOL=portupgrade
> > >UPGRADE_PORT=gnupg-2.0.17_1 UPGRADE_PORT_VER=2.0.17_1 make
> > >** Fix the problem and try again.
> > >** Listing the failed packages (-:ignored / *:skipped / !:failed)
> > >! security/gnupg (gnupg-2.0.17_1)   (linker error)
> > >ethic# 
> > >
> > >
> > > can anybody onlist figure out WTF is wrong here?
> > 
> > Well, for starters, gnupg is at version 2.0.19 in my ports tree, so I
> > am not sure what is wrong with yours. I might suggest the following.
> > 
> > 1) Clean out "/usr/ports/distfiles"
> > 2) Update your ports tree
> > 3) Run: make clean in the gnupg port
> > 4) Attempt to rebuild and install the port.
>   
>   no joy.  I did another full upgrade.  first time in many
>   months.  then spent a couple hours with portmaster (thank
>   you, Roland:).  this as a first upgrade.  

Make sure you update portmaster first. The latest versions have significant
improvements. Also there has recently been a upgrade of libPNG, requiring a
rebuild of everything that needs it.

>   what I  want to do is get as current as possible and then 
>   install 7.5.  and stay there.

7.5 what? Do you mean Xorg? Please try and be specific.

>  another question involves 
>   accepting the "3-D" windows with whatever options they might
>   present. 

You mean the options dialogs as run by 'make config'? Portmaster will first
recurse through the port and all of its dependencies (if any) to handle any
port OPTIONS via the 'make config' interface, before going off on the big
build. 

> is there any upgrade utility or flag that will
> accept and upgrade things without me having to be here?

Yes and no. With the latest portmaster you can use the -y flag to
automatically answer "yes" to all questions. But some ports are marked as
"interactive", in the sense that they need you to give some input. Or they are
marked as "restricted" in that you might have to go and download the tarball
yourself somewhere. These are properties of the ports system and the
individual ports. No port build tool can override that.

BTW, use the -R flag with portmaster. If a long build fails, it skips already
updated stuff on the second try.

Roland
-- 
R.F.Smith   http://rsmith.home.xs4all.nl/
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Re: how do I fix this?

[Gary Kline]

On Mon, Jun 04, 2012 at 06:24:57PM -0400, Jerry wrote:
> Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2012 18:24:57 -0400
> From: Jerry 
> Subject: Re: how do I  fix this?
> To: FreeBSD 
> X-Mailer: Claws Mail 3.8.0 (GTK+ 2.24.6; amd64-portbld-freebsd8.3)
> 
> On Mon, 4 Jun 2012 14:43:08 -0700
> Gary Kline articulated:
> 
> >from portupgrade, I just learned this:
> >
> >gmake[1]: Leaving directory
> >`/usr/ports/security/gnupg/work/gnupg-2.0.18'
> >gmake: *** [all] Error 2
> >*** Error code 1
> >
> >Stop in /usr/ports/security/gnupg.
> >*** Error code 1
> >
> >Stop in /usr/ports/security/gnupg.
> >** Command failed [exit code 1]: /usr/bin/script -qa
> >/tmp/portupgrade20120604-59509-nufufc-0 env UPGRADE_TOOL=portupgrade
> >UPGRADE_PORT=gnupg-2.0.17_1 UPGRADE_PORT_VER=2.0.17_1 make
> >** Fix the problem and try again.
> >** Listing the failed packages (-:ignored / *:skipped / !:failed)
> >! security/gnupg (gnupg-2.0.17_1)   (linker error)
> >ethic# 
> >
> >
> > can anybody onlist figure out WTF is wrong here?
> 
> Well, for starters, gnupg is at version 2.0.19 in my ports tree, so I
> am not sure what is wrong with yours. I might suggest the following.
> 
> 1) Clean out "/usr/ports/distfiles"
> 2) Update your ports tree
> 3) Run: make clean in the gnupg port
> 4) Attempt to rebuild and install the port.
> 
> 
> -- 
> Jerry ???
> 

no joy.  I did another full upgrade.  first time in many
months.  then spent a couple hours with portmaster (thank
you, Roland:).  this as a first upgrade.  

what I  want to do is get as current as possible and then 
install 7.5.  and stay there.  another question involves 
accepting the "3-D" windows with whatever options they might
present.  is there any upgrade utility or flag that will
accept and upgrade things without me having to be here?

-- 
 Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
 Voice By Computer (for Universal Access): http:/www.thought.org/vbc
  The 8.57a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org
 Twenty-five years of service to the Unix community.

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Re: how do I fix this?

[Jerry]

On Mon, 4 Jun 2012 14:43:08 -0700
Gary Kline articulated:

>from portupgrade, I just learned this:
>
>gmake[1]: Leaving directory
>`/usr/ports/security/gnupg/work/gnupg-2.0.18'
>gmake: *** [all] Error 2
>*** Error code 1
>
>Stop in /usr/ports/security/gnupg.
>*** Error code 1
>
>Stop in /usr/ports/security/gnupg.
>** Command failed [exit code 1]: /usr/bin/script -qa
>/tmp/portupgrade20120604-59509-nufufc-0 env UPGRADE_TOOL=portupgrade
>UPGRADE_PORT=gnupg-2.0.17_1 UPGRADE_PORT_VER=2.0.17_1 make
>** Fix the problem and try again.
>** Listing the failed packages (-:ignored / *:skipped / !:failed)
>! security/gnupg (gnupg-2.0.17_1)   (linker error)
>ethic# 
>
>
> can anybody onlist figure out WTF is wrong here?

Well, for starters, gnupg is at version 2.0.19 in my ports tree, so I
am not sure what is wrong with yours. I might suggest the following.

1) Clean out "/usr/ports/distfiles"
2) Update your ports tree
3) Run: make clean in the gnupg port
4) Attempt to rebuild and install the port.


-- 
Jerry ♔

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Please do not ignore the Reply-To header.
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Re: How Do I Remove Clang

[Thomas D. Dean]

On 05/29/12 00:27, Thomas D. Dean wrote:

Oops, too fast.

> cat /etc/make.conf
PERL_VERSION=5.12.4
MK_CLANG_IS_CC="no"

Tom Dean
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Re: How Do I Remove Clang

[Thomas D. Dean]

On 05/29/12 00:49, Matthew Seaman wrote:


Set WITHOUT_CLANG=yes in /etc/src.conf and do a normal buildworld cycle
plus 'make delete-old'

See src.conf(5) for more details.


This breaks normal make:

> cat /etc/src.conf
WITHOUT_CLANG="Yes"

> cat Makefile
# Makefile for nanoBSD kld driver
CC=gcc
KMOD=lcd_socket
SRCS=lcd_socket.c
.include 

> make
"/usr/share/mk/bsd.own.mk", line 458: MK_CLANG can't be set by a user.

Tom Dean
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Re: How Do I Remove Clang

[Matthew Seaman]

On 29/05/2012 08:27, Thomas D. Dean wrote:
>> uname -a
> FreeBSD P9X79.tddhome 9.0-STABLE FreeBSD 9.0-STABLE #2: Fri May 11
> 20:41:54 PDT 2012 tomdean@P9X79.tddhome:/usr/src/sys/GENERIC  amd64

Hmmm... normally this sort of question is asked in exactly the opposite
sense.  I shall trust that it is not asked ironically and answer at face
value.

> I want to remove clang from my system and stick with gcc.

Set WITHOUT_CLANG=yes in /etc/src.conf and do a normal buildworld cycle
plus 'make delete-old'

See src.conf(5) for more details.

Or just do nothing: gcc is still the default compiler on 9.0, and you
need positive action to tweak /etc/make.conf to enable clang.

> I do not want any code I produce to have a non-GPL license.

That's not actually affected by using clang as your compiler.  It's BSD
licensed, and doesn't have any "viral" clauses, so your code can be
licensed as you see fit.  Similarly the runtime bits of the system are
BSD licensed and even though they are linked into any executables you
produce, you can release the result under whatever terms you see fit
other than not claiming authorship / copyright on material you didn't
yourself produce.

> Do I need to regress to 8.3?  Or, will that be back-fit with clang also?

No.  I think you can update to 9.1 without such concerns as well, but
10.x could well be a different matter.

Cheers,

Matthew

-- 
Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil.
PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey




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Re: how do i find a file in all directories 7 to 9 days old?

[Christian Barthel]

On Thu, Jul 28, 2011 at 10:10:43AM -0500, Robert Bonomi wrote:
> > From owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org  Thu Jul 28 02:03:19 2011
> > Date: Thu, 28 Jul 2011 00:02:41 -0700
> > From: Gary Kline 
> > To: FreeBSD Mailing List 
> > Cc: 
> > Subject: how do i find a file in all directories 7 to 9 days old?
> >
> >  guys,
> >
> >
> >  how can i use find or whatever to find a file, say 6 levels deep
> >  that is <= 9 days old?   i'm looking fo something i had to jt down
> >  [[ASCII]].  can't remembr te file name, nor when i was when i had
> >  the idea flash into my mind
> >
> >  sigh.
> 
> *SIGH*  indeed.
> 
> Have you ever considered READING* the manpage for the relevant tool
> _before_ asking the world about the blindingly obvious?
> 
> RTFM is abaolutely appropriate here.

Just relax :)
He has got 24++ years experience: 

Of_Interest: With  24++ years  of service to the  Unix community.

and can't work with find @_@

> 
> *DO*IT*.see the '-B" primary.
> 
> If the required math is beyond you, there are 1440 minutes in a day, andz.
> thus, 9 days is 12960 minutes.
> 
> 
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-- 
Christian Barthel 
Public-Key: http://bc.user-mode.org/bc.asc 
Mail: b...@user-mode.org
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Re: how do i find a file in all directories 7 to 9 days old?

[Robert Bonomi]

> From owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org  Thu Jul 28 02:03:19 2011
> Date: Thu, 28 Jul 2011 00:02:41 -0700
> From: Gary Kline 
> To: FreeBSD Mailing List 
> Cc: 
> Subject: how do i find a file in all directories 7 to 9 days old?
>
>  guys,
>
>
>  how can i use find or whatever to find a file, say 6 levels deep
>  that is <= 9 days old?   i'm looking fo something i had to jt down
>  [[ASCII]].  can't remembr te file name, nor when i was when i had
>  the idea flash into my mind
>
>  sigh.

*SIGH*  indeed.

Have you ever considered READING* the manpage for the relevant tool
_before_ asking the world about the blindingly obvious?

RTFM is abaolutely appropriate here.

*DO*IT*.see the '-B" primary.

If the required math is beyond you, there are 1440 minutes in a day, andz.
thus, 9 days is 12960 minutes.


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Re: how do i find a file in all directories 7 to 9 days old?

[b. f.]

On 7/28/11, b. f.  wrote:
>>  how can i use find or whatever to find a file, say 6 levels deep
>>  that is <= 9 days old?   i'm looking fo something i had to jt down
>>  [[ASCII]].  can't remembr te file name, nor when i was when i had
>>  the idea flash into my mind
>
> Try something like:
>
> find / -type f -mtime -10d -mindepth 5 -maxdepth 7
>
> See find(1) for variations.

Hmm. I'm not sure owing to the difference between the body and the
subject of the message, what criteria are really wanted, but for the
criteria in the subject you might use something like:

find / -type f -mtime -10d -mtime +6d


b.
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Re: how do i find a file in all directories 7 to 9 days old?

[b. f.]

>  how can i use find or whatever to find a file, say 6 levels deep
>  that is <= 9 days old?   i'm looking fo something i had to jt down
>  [[ASCII]].  can't remembr te file name, nor when i was when i had
>  the idea flash into my mind

Try something like:

find / -type f -mtime -10d -mindepth 5 -maxdepth 7

See find(1) for variations.

b.
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Re: how do i fsck my server?

[Polytropon]

On Fri, 17 Jun 2011 22:31:00 -0700, Gary Kline wrote:
>   right.  i booted into single-user and fsck still gave me the NO
>   WRITE response; then i did a
> 
>   # shutdown now to get a # prompt in single-user and got the same
>   NO WRITE.  Only it did fix the errors.  dunno... strange.

This isn't succicient as whem going MUM -> SUM the file systems
will stay mounted. To be sure, _start_ the system in SUM 8select
the proper item from the boot menu, or use "boot -s" at the
loader prompt). In this mode, only / will be mounted ro, all
other partitions won't be mounted and can therefore be checked
AND modified.

Of course, you can also boot the system from a live system CD
and issue the fsck commands from there, using the device names
instead of the mountpoints.

After successfully repairing the partitions, they will be marked
clean. At next system startup, there won't be a long fsck run.


-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: how do i fsck my server?

[Gary Kline]

On Wed, Jun 15, 2011 at 01:04:23PM -0700, Chuck Swiger wrote:
> Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2011 13:04:23 -0700
> From: Chuck Swiger 
> Subject: Re: how do i fsck my server?
> To: Gary Kline 
> Cc: FreeBSD Mailing List 
> X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.1084)
> 
> On Jun 15, 2011, at 12:50 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> > can anybody clue me in on why fsck on my server [yes, of course as root]
> > seem to refuse to WRITE?
> 
> Bad sectors on the hard drive are a somewhat common cause of this.
> 
> >  we had a power out locally and i caught my UPS at
> > the last second.  i powered off my server to save the battery, etc, and 
> > a few minutes ago when i ran 
> > 
> > # fsck -y /var
> > 
> > there were unresolved inconsistancies that fsck was not allowed to resolve.
> 
> Was /var mounted already?  You shouldn't be running fsck on a live 
> filesystem; boot single user or from a FreeBSD CD, and run fsck that way.


right.  i booted into single-user and fsck still gave me the NO
WRITE response; then i did a

# shutdown now to get a # prompt in single-user and got the same
NO WRITE.  Only it did fix the errors.  dunno... strange.

> 
> > i tried to boot single use but the server (Dell 530) panicked.  so finally,
> > after deliberately crashing the box three times, fsck_ufs ran.  i was able 
> > to
> > ping outside.  
> > 
> > is there any way of scripting fsck *every* time i reboot this box?  i just
> > want to make abs certain that the filesystems are clean.  ---didn't fscking
> > used to be easier?
> 
> You can set fsck_y_enable="YES" in /etc/rc.conf, but it shouldn't be 
> necessary.  The system can figure out for itself whether it shutdown cleanly 
> or whether a fsck is necessary.
> 

i   'll try that, thanks.  

gary


> Regards,
> -- 
> -Chuck
> 

-- 
 Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
   Journey Toward the Dawn, E-Book: http://www.thought.org
  The 8.51a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org

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Re: how do i fsck my server?

[Julian H. Stacey]

Facts:
  8.2-RELEASE man fsck
-B ...
background fsck is limited to checking for only the most commonly
occurring file system abnormalities.  Under certain circumstances,
some errors can escape background fsck.  It is recommended that you
perform foreground fsck on your systems periodically and whenever
you encounter file-system-related panics.

  /usr/src/sbin/fsck/

   for specialist list discussion

  8.2-RELEASE /usr/src/etc/defaults/rc.conf
fsck_y_enable="NO" ; background_fsck="YES"

My opinion:
Some machines merit addition of /etc/rc.conf fsck_y_enable="YES" 
Machines where data is mastered elsewhere:
(some http & ftp servers, routers, firewalls, name
& boot & X servers, test boxes, laptops on day trips).
Remote servers where a boot time interactive fsck "Shall I
fix ?" , or failure to fix, could hang unreachably.
( If background_fsck="NO", more chance of interactive hang )
Some machines merit addition of /etc/rc.confbackground_fsck="NO"
For fuller fsck checking, examples:
Machines with master copies of data.
Laptops traveling for a week, where one can't return early to repair.

One would avoid bothfsck_y_enable="YES" &  background_fsck="YES" 
if one has local access to console & wants (if necessary) to be able
to break out of fsck & manually run fsdb.

Cheers,
Julian
-- 
Julian Stacey, BSD Unix Linux C Sys Eng Consultants Munich http://berklix.com
 Reply below, not above;  indent with "> ";  Cumulative like a play script.
 Mail plain text:  Not HTML, multipart/alternative, base64, quoted-printable.
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Re: how do i fsck my server?

[RW]

_
> From: Chuck Swiger 
> To: Gary Kline 
> Cc: FreeBSD Mailing List 
> Sent: Wed, June 15, 2011 4:04:23 PM
> Subject: Re: how do i fsck my server?

> You can set fsck_y_enable="YES" in /etc/rc.conf, but it shouldn't be
> necessary. The system can figure out for itself whether it shutdown
> cleanly or whether a fsck is necessary.


fsck_y_enable="YES" doesn't mean do an unconditional fsck, it means do
an fsck -y if the preen fails.


On Wed, 15 Jun 2011 15:25:33 -0700 (PDT)
Bill Tillman  wrote:


> The correct reply to this IMHO should 
> have been "HELL YES, your server will check for a clean exit on every
> reboot. It will count to 60 seconds and then if the last shutdown was
> not clean it will start running fsck all by itself and this will tie
> up your system's resources for quite a while 

You can avoid that with gjournal.
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Re: how do i fsck my server?

[Bill Tillman]

From: Chuck Swiger 
To: Gary Kline 
Cc: FreeBSD Mailing List 
Sent: Wed, June 15, 2011 4:04:23 PM
Subject: Re: how do i fsck my server?

On Jun 15, 2011, at 12:50 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> can anybody clue me in on why fsck on my server [yes, of course as root]
> seem to refuse to WRITE?

Bad sectors on the hard drive are a somewhat common cause of this.

>  we had a power out locally and i caught my UPS at
> the last second.  i powered off my server to save the battery, etc, and 
> a few minutes ago when i ran 
> 
> # fsck -y /var
> 
> there were unresolved inconsistancies that fsck was not allowed to resolve.

Was /var mounted already?  You shouldn't be running fsck on a live filesystem; 
boot single user or from a FreeBSD CD, and run fsck that way.

> i tried to boot single use but the server (Dell 530) panicked.  so finally,
> after deliberately crashing the box three times, fsck_ufs ran.  i was able to
> ping outside.  
> 
> is there any way of scripting fsck *every* time i reboot this box?  i just
> want to make abs certain that the filesystems are clean.  ---didn't fscking
> used to be easier?

You can set fsck_y_enable="YES" in /etc/rc.conf, but it shouldn't be 
necessary.  
The system can figure out for itself whether it shutdown cleanly or whether a 
fsck is necessary.

Regards,
-- 
-Chuck

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I hate to be a pain here but this answer completely misses something very 
important about a reboot after a crash with FreeBSD. 


"The system can figure out for itself whether it shutdown cleanly or whether 
fsck is necessary."

With no disrespect meant, this is like telling someone that in case of a fire 
it's not a good idea to use the elevators. The correct reply to this IMHO 
should 
have been "HELL YES, your server will check for a clean exit on every reboot. 
It 
will count to 60 seconds and then if the last shutdown was not clean it will 
start running fsck all by itself and this will tie up your system's resources 
for quite a while depending on the size of your hard drive(s). And this time 
can 
be quite lengthy. I have two 750 GB hard drives in my server and it crashed a 
couple of times in the recent past. It made running almost anything on it slow 
as can be while the fsck process run automatically cleaned up the mess. And it 
takes the better part of an hour for this process to complete.
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Re: how do i fsck my server?

[Chuck Swiger]

On Jun 15, 2011, at 12:50 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> can anybody clue me in on why fsck on my server [yes, of course as root]
> seem to refuse to WRITE?

Bad sectors on the hard drive are a somewhat common cause of this.

>  we had a power out locally and i caught my UPS at
> the last second.  i powered off my server to save the battery, etc, and 
> a few minutes ago when i ran 
> 
> # fsck -y /var
> 
> there were unresolved inconsistancies that fsck was not allowed to resolve.

Was /var mounted already?  You shouldn't be running fsck on a live filesystem; 
boot single user or from a FreeBSD CD, and run fsck that way.

> i tried to boot single use but the server (Dell 530) panicked.  so finally,
> after deliberately crashing the box three times, fsck_ufs ran.  i was able to
> ping outside.  
> 
> is there any way of scripting fsck *every* time i reboot this box?  i just
> want to make abs certain that the filesystems are clean.  ---didn't fscking
> used to be easier?

You can set fsck_y_enable="YES" in /etc/rc.conf, but it shouldn't be necessary. 
 The system can figure out for itself whether it shutdown cleanly or whether a 
fsck is necessary.

Regards,
-- 
-Chuck

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Re: how do i fsck my server?

[Mike Tancsa]

On 6/15/2011 3:50 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> 
> is there any way of scripting fsck *every* time i reboot this box?  i just
> want to make abs certain that the filesystems are clean.  ---didn't fscking
> used to be easier?

Just override the defaults in /etc/rc.conf

fsck_y_enable="YES"

and if you are paranoid,

background_fsck="NO"



0(cage)# grep -i fsck /etc/defaults/rc.conf
fsck_y_enable="NO"  # Set to YES to do fsck -y if the initial preen
fails.
fsck_y_flags="" # Additional flags for fsck -y
background_fsck="YES"   # Attempt to run fsck in the background where
possible.
background_fsck_delay="60" # Time to wait (seconds) before starting the
fsck.
0(cage)#

---Mike

-- 
---
Mike Tancsa, tel +1 519 651 3400
Sentex Communications, m...@sentex.net
Providing Internet services since 1994 www.sentex.net
Cambridge, Ontario Canada   http://www.tancsa.com/
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Lowell Gilbert]

Gary Kline  writes:

>   Just to make =sure= about this: can using tar/gtar as root [or
>   sudo] make sure that all the permissions are correct?  It =may=
>   save me keystrokes, :_)

Permissions, yes.  If you want flags, you'll need the base system tar.
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Gary Kline]

On Tue, Aug 31, 2010 at 02:48:28PM +0100, krad wrote:
> On 30 August 2010 20:02, Chris Rees  wrote:
> 
> > On 30 August 2010 18:37, krad  wrote:
> > > On 27 August 2010 20:13, Polytropon  wrote:
> > >
> > >> On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:21:12 -0500, Gary Gatten 
> > >> wrote:
> > >> > Rename them, copy, then rename them back?
> > >>
> > >> Not good for a whole bunch of files; in this case: tar them together,
> > >> transfer the archive, untar it; rename afterwards if needed. :-)
> > >
> > > or
> > >
> > > sudo tar cf - /somepath | ssh x...@y " sudo tar xvf - -C somepath "
> > >
> > > I agree with other posts though rsync is the easiest
> >
> >
> > Why sudo with tar?
> >
> > Chris
> >
> 
> make sure all perms correct and can read all files


Just to make =sure= about this: can using tar/gtar as root [or
sudo] make sure that all the permissions are correct?  It =may=
save me keystrokes, :_)

gary


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> 

-- 
 Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
   http://journey.thought.org


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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[krad]

On 30 August 2010 20:02, Chris Rees  wrote:

> On 30 August 2010 18:37, krad  wrote:
> > On 27 August 2010 20:13, Polytropon  wrote:
> >
> >> On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:21:12 -0500, Gary Gatten 
> >> wrote:
> >> > Rename them, copy, then rename them back?
> >>
> >> Not good for a whole bunch of files; in this case: tar them together,
> >> transfer the archive, untar it; rename afterwards if needed. :-)
> >
> > or
> >
> > sudo tar cf - /somepath | ssh x...@y " sudo tar xvf - -C somepath "
> >
> > I agree with other posts though rsync is the easiest
>
>
> Why sudo with tar?
>
> Chris
>

make sure all perms correct and can read all files
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Chris Rees]

On 30 August 2010 18:37, krad  wrote:
> On 27 August 2010 20:13, Polytropon  wrote:
>
>> On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:21:12 -0500, Gary Gatten 
>> wrote:
>> > Rename them, copy, then rename them back?
>>
>> Not good for a whole bunch of files; in this case: tar them together,
>> transfer the archive, untar it; rename afterwards if needed. :-)
>
> or
>
> sudo tar cf - /somepath | ssh x...@y " sudo tar xvf - -C somepath "
>
> I agree with other posts though rsync is the easiest


Why sudo with tar?

Chris
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[krad]

On 27 August 2010 19:15, Gary Kline  wrote:

> On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:54:52AM -0700, Jason wrote:
> > On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:51:41AM -0700, Gary Kline thus spake:
> > >On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:25:01AM -0700, Jason Helfman wrote:
> > >>On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 13:19:40 -0400
> > >>Glen Barber  wrote:
> > >>
> > >>> On 8/27/10 1:07 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> > >>> >
> > >>> > guys,
> > >>> >
> > >>> > this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
> > >>> > ~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
> > >>> > dot files? scp doesn't do it.
> > >>> >
> > >>> > tx,
> > >>> >
> > >>>
> > >>> scp u...@foo:\.dotfile .dotfile
> > >>>
> > >>> Regards,
> > >>>
> > >>
> > >>Use rsync over ssh.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >
> > >
> > > i've already done 98 or so straight scp copies.   the thing is how
> > > to use rsync over to an empty ethic? [[ empty == "there are no \
> > > dot files not .directories"]  i want EVERYTHING from this desktop,
> > > tao, temp on ethic.
> > >
> > > thanks
> > >
> > >
> > You can just use rsync in cooperation with find command.
> >
> > I've used it before, but found this as an example with a web search.
> > rsync -avR remote:'`find /home -name "*.[ch]"`' /tmp/
> >
> > Just reverse the order.
>
>
>
> this may be close.  use the unix tools and glue them together:-)
>
>i have this, cobbled together from a prev script:
>
>
>
>   echo "rsync with checksum from  directory [${PWD}] to
> [kl...@ethic:${EPWD}]";
>
>   rsync --perms --times --update  --compress  --verbose \
>--checksum -e "ssh -i /home/kline/.ssh/tao_nopasswd-id" \
>   ${PWD}  kl...@ethic:${EPWD};
>   if [ $? =  0 ]
>   then
>  echo "rsync transfer went okay, tao to ethic"|mail
> kl...@thought.org
>   else
>  echo "rsync failed to ethic from /home/kline"|mail
> kl...@thought.org
>   fi
>
>   exit;
>
>but this fails ..
>
>any clues??
> >
> > -jgh
> > ___
> > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list
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>  Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service
> Unix
>The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
>   http://journey.thought.org
>
>
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rsync is probably trying to chown files to ownerships it cant. The best way
I have found to do this and keep things fairly secure it to run an rsync
server on the source machine but bind it to loopback. Then tunnel the the
server over ssh when you go into the box. This allows things to run
relatively safely as root. eg

ssh -R 873:127.0.0.1:873  " sudo rsync -aP --numeric-ids 127.0.0.1::HOME/
/home/ "

if you just want certain user dirs then add some include and exclude flags
eg

--include="/home/kline" -- include="/home/kline/**" --exclude="/home/**"

ordering is important here.
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[krad]

On 27 August 2010 20:13, Polytropon  wrote:

> On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:21:12 -0500, Gary Gatten 
> wrote:
> > Rename them, copy, then rename them back?
>
> Not good for a whole bunch of files; in this case: tar them together,
> transfer the archive, untar it; rename afterwards if needed. :-)
>
>
>
> --
> Polytropon
> Magdeburg, Germany
> Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
> Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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or

sudo tar cf - /somepath | ssh x...@y " sudo tar xvf - -C somepath "

I agree with other posts though rsync is the easiest
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Mike Clarke]

On Sunday 29 August 2010, Polytropon wrote:

> The "problem" (i. e. a convention) is that .* is not part of *,
> which includes everything else, even "nothing", and the
> form *.* (that looks like the DOS equivalent of "all files")
> does seem to omit .*; the spaced form * .* would work as it
> contains * (which does not contain .*) and .* (not in *). :-)

The problem with using .* as a wildcard for hidden files is that it will 
include .. which is almost certainly not what you want. For example 
rm -r .* can be disastrous. A safer wildcard for hidden dotfiles and 
everything else could be .[^.]* *

-- 
Mike Clarke
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Gary Kline]

On Sun, Aug 29, 2010 at 09:34:59PM +0200, Polytropon wrote:
> On Sun, 29 Aug 2010 12:12:11 -0700, mer...@stonehenge.com (Randal L. 
> Schwartz) wrote:
> > > "'Gary" == 'Gary Kline'  writes:
> > 
> > >> There's a big difference between:
> > >> 
> > >> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz . # should get everything
> > >> 
> > >> and
> > >> 
> > >> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz * # will miss all the dotfiles
> > >> 
> > >> Did you do the latter, by chance?
> > 
> > 
> > 'Gary>  Sure.  my default is the asterisk.
> > 
> > Well, there's your problem.  Sometimes, you have to actually think
> > about what you're doing. :)
> 
> The "problem" (i. e. a convention) is that .* is not part of *,
> which includes everything else, even "nothing", and the
> form *.* (that looks like the DOS equivalent of "all files")
> does seem to omit .*; the spaced form * .* would work as it
> contains * (which does not contain .*) and .* (not in *). :-)
> 


ouvh, ouch, ouch!1 running away, pulling out my one remaining
hair:)

...and now, no mo' mail until, oh, around 02:15

-g

> 
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Polytropon
> Magdeburg, Germany
> Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
> Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

['Gary Kline']

On Sun, Aug 29, 2010 at 12:12:11PM -0700, Randal L. Schwartz wrote:
> > "'Gary" == 'Gary Kline'  writes:
> 
> >> There's a big difference between:
> >> 
> >> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz . # should get everything
> >> 
> >> and
> >> 
> >> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz * # will miss all the dotfiles
> >> 
> >> Did you do the latter, by chance?
> 
> 
> 'Gary>Sure.  my default is the asterisk.
> 
> Well, there's your problem.  Sometimes, you have to actually think
> about what you're doing. :)
> 

LOL!  man, when i get into hackery mode--especially playing at being a
system admin-- i just go into autopilot.  well, live and learn.

this stuff has been a good reminder.  hope it helps a few others 
listmembers.  (FWIW,I actually did find the dot vs asterisk note in a
old howto file.  i dont know if i ought to fess up, but i am.)

here's another fwiw before i really launch: it pays to do a du from
$HOME  every few [n] months.  i'm finding so much unused crud, e.g.
~/.wine from 2004, that my drive is going to weigh a few pounds less...




> -- 
> Randal L. Schwartz - Stonehenge Consulting Services, Inc. - +1 503 777 0095
>  http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/>
> Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc.
> See http://methodsandmessages.vox.com/ for Smalltalk and Seaside discussion

-- 
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The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
   http://journey.thought.org


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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Polytropon]

On Sun, 29 Aug 2010 12:12:11 -0700, mer...@stonehenge.com (Randal L. Schwartz) 
wrote:
> > "'Gary" == 'Gary Kline'  writes:
> 
> >> There's a big difference between:
> >> 
> >> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz . # should get everything
> >> 
> >> and
> >> 
> >> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz * # will miss all the dotfiles
> >> 
> >> Did you do the latter, by chance?
> 
> 
> 'Gary>Sure.  my default is the asterisk.
> 
> Well, there's your problem.  Sometimes, you have to actually think
> about what you're doing. :)

The "problem" (i. e. a convention) is that .* is not part of *,
which includes everything else, even "nothing", and the
form *.* (that looks like the DOS equivalent of "all files")
does seem to omit .*; the spaced form * .* would work as it
contains * (which does not contain .*) and .* (not in *). :-)





-- 
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Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Randal L. Schwartz]

> "'Gary" == 'Gary Kline'  writes:

>> There's a big difference between:
>> 
>> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz . # should get everything
>> 
>> and
>> 
>> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz * # will miss all the dotfiles
>> 
>> Did you do the latter, by chance?


'Gary>  Sure.  my default is the asterisk.

Well, there's your problem.  Sometimes, you have to actually think
about what you're doing. :)

-- 
Randal L. Schwartz - Stonehenge Consulting Services, Inc. - +1 503 777 0095
 http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/>
Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc.
See http://methodsandmessages.vox.com/ for Smalltalk and Seaside discussion
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

['Gary Kline']

On Sun, Aug 29, 2010 at 07:06:33AM -0700, Randal L. Schwartz wrote:
> > "'Gary" == 'Gary Kline'  writes:
> 
> 'Gary>at least for me, gtar fails to pick up dotfiles.
> 
> How did you invoke it?
> 
> There's a big difference between:
> 
> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz . # should get everything
> 
> and
> 
> cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz * # will miss all the dotfiles
> 
> Did you do the latter, by chance?


Sure.  my default is the asterisk. ...Anyway, i used matthew's -r
for recursion [with rsync] and even tested --delete on some junk
~kline/.4kde/* stuff.

then slowly, got rid of more junk [[unused for =years=]]
directories and files.  pretty soon i'll be ready to save
everything from here [tao/present/oldtao] to ethic.  then i'll 
move everything to the newtao.  then i'll give away my '03 tower.
"do unto others... " or whatever:)


gary

PS:  thanks for the tip, randal!  i may have that somewhere in some
 obscure ~/.notesfile.
> 
> -- 
> Randal L. Schwartz - Stonehenge Consulting Services, Inc. - +1 503 777 0095
>  http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/>
> Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc.
> See http://methodsandmessages.vox.com/ for Smalltalk and Seaside discussion

-- 
 Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
   http://journey.thought.org


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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Randal L. Schwartz]

> "'Gary" == 'Gary Kline'  writes:

'Gary>  at least for me, gtar fails to pick up dotfiles.

How did you invoke it?

There's a big difference between:

cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz . # should get everything

and

cd $HOME && gtar cfz /tmp/xx.tgz * # will miss all the dotfiles

Did you do the latter, by chance?

-- 
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 http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/>
Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc.
See http://methodsandmessages.vox.com/ for Smalltalk and Seaside discussion
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Polytropon]

On Sat, 28 Aug 2010 18:05:31 -0700, "'Gary Kline'"  wrote:
>   at least for me, gtar fails to pick up dotfiles.  rsynx copies 
>   =everything=, and it  looks like the test rsync script i posted 
>   last night was working all along.  it was So fast that i assumed 
>   it was bombing entirely.  i will 2-ck a few more files before i
>   am sure.  
> 
>   a question to the list is how can i copy ALL of /home to my new
>   server? 

If it is the 1st copy, I'd suggest using dump + restore. This
of course will only work if your /home is a separate partition
on both systems. Partition size doesn't matter as long as the
size of the target partition is at least the size of the used
data on the source partition.

You basically umount /home and then use 

# dump -Lauf0 home.dump /dev/ad0s1f

to obtain the data; you can also use - instead of the actual
file home.dump to pipe the data directly to a transfer via
scp. On the target machine,

# cd /home
# restore -rf /where/is/home.dump

You can connect both commands with ssh so you can directly
dump + restore from machine A to machine B, given that SSH is
possible.

It then would be something like this:

# dump -0Lauf - /dev/ad0s1f | ssh 10.0.0.10 "cd /home && cat | restore 
-rf -"

In this example, 10.0.0.10 is the IP of the target machine, and
you're issuing the command from the source machine, with /home
unmounted.

Note that dump requires the DEVICE NAME of the device where /home
is mounted on, and restore will put everything into the CURRENT
DIRECTORY. The source device must NOT be mounted, but the target
directory must be mounted and accessible.

You CAN, however, leave /home mounted, and dump will create a
snapshot that identifies /home as at the starting point in time;
changes during backup won't be reflected in the target. It CAN
be possible get inconsistencies during creation of the snapshot
if there's heavy activity on /home, so it's usually "the safe
way" to umount /home before reading from the device file.

This method makes sure you will get ALL files with their exact
properties (permissions, flags, dates).

See 18.2.1 here:
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/backup-basics.html

For any further synchronisation, I would go with rsync.

There is also another interesting tool in ports: It is called cpdup.
It can also be used for synchronisation, and it has the interesting
feature (can be configured of course) that it won't delete files
in the target that have been deleted in source since the last run.
In this case, your target data will always grow, and if you acciden-
tally deleted something, it will sill be there.



> and to you, matthew, does --delete rm out of date files
>   or directories? 

The --delete parameter will have rsync delete files on the target
that are NOT part of the source files, but only relative to the
subtree you are transfering.

E. g. on your target machine you already have

src/foo.tex
src/bar.tex
src/meow.c

from last time you synchronized, and you have the files 

src/foo.tex
src/bar.tex

as never versions in the source, and you also deleted meow.c here
because you don't need it anymore. Now if you rsync the src/ dir
to the target machine, --delete will remove meow.c from the target,
and rsync will of course update foo.tex and bar.tex.

The --delete makes sure that the copy is of 1:1 kind, instead of
incremental.



> what about ?VS, given that i have virtually 
>   everything under [CR]VS control?  slightly offtopic is that i 
>   accidently rm'd a file on tao one morning after a few minutes work.
>   a copy was safely croned to ethic. 

A good suggestion. I did use cvsup (from ports) in the past for
revision control and "idiotproof storage" for most stuff that
I created. It is very helpful, not just for "recovering" accidentally
deleted files, but also for progress check and "rewinding" changes.
It's a great tool for keeping configuration files also. Backing it
up gives you a versioned, ordered, one-tree consistent file collection.




-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

['Gary Kline']

On Sat, Aug 28, 2010 at 11:29:29AM +0100, Matthew Seaman wrote:
> On 28/08/2010 08:02:31, 'Gary Kline' wrote:
> > On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 09:13:06PM +0200, Polytropon wrote:
> >> On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:21:12 -0500, Gary Gatten  
> >> wrote:
> >>> Rename them, copy, then rename them back?
> >>
> >> Not good for a whole bunch of files; in this case: tar them together,
> >> transfer the archive, untar it; rename afterwards if needed. :-)
> >>
> > 
> > If i'm going to rename, say, ~/.Plans to ~/Plans and ~/.HowtoI18 to
> > ~/HowtoI18, I may just scp -rp every ~/[.] file.  the idea of using
> > find to collect a tarball may work.
> 
> I've been reading this thread, and I'm somewhat at a loss as to why you
> need to rename all of the dotfiles at all, Gary.  Dotfiles are just
> ordinary files, and programs like find(1), scp(1) or tar(1) will handle
> them just like any other file.  The only difference is that shells by
> default don't include dotfiles in some glob expansions and ls(1) doesn't
> include them in directory listings.  Of course, either of the above can
> be overridden: 'echo * .*' or 'ls -a' will show all files including
> dotfiles.
> 
> The one slightly tricky thing about dealing with dotfiles is the
> presence of '..' -- the standard link to the directory above the current
> one.  If you accidentally include that in a list of directories to
> recurse through, then you'll end up affecting a bunch of stuff that
> maybe you didn't expect.  So long as you are aware of the possibility
> it's pretty easy to avoid this problem.
> 
> To make a copy of your home directory on tao to a temporary directory on
> ethic, personally I'd use rsync(1) [in ports as net/rsync].  Then you
> can just do:
> 
> % rsync -avx --delete ~/ ethic:/home/kline/
> 
> It will default to running over ssh(1), so you need to make sure you can
> ssh from tao to ethic before you begin.
> 
> The neat thing is that you run that command repeatedly, and each
> subsequent time it will copy only what has changed on tao over to ethic.
> 
> I see someone has given instructions for setting up anonymous rsync --
> that's another possibility, but probably a bit OTT for this particular
> job. Anonymous rsync is probably best thought of as a superior
> replacement for anonymous FTP.
> 
>   Cheers,
> 
>   Matthew
> 


at least for me, gtar fails to pick up dotfiles.  rsynx copies 
=everything=, and it  looks like the test rsync script i posted 
last night was working all along.  it was So fast that i assumed 
it was bombing entirely.  i will 2-ck a few more files before i
am sure.  

a question to the list is how can i copy ALL of /home to my new
server?  and to you, matthew, does --delete rm out of date files
or directories?  what about ?VS, given that i have virtually 
everything under [CR]VS control?  slightly offtopic is that i 
accidently rm'd a file on tao one morning after a few minutes work.
a copy was safely croned to ethic.   (yes, i needed mmore 
coffee, but i was giving thanks to zeus that hours of research and
writing were safe!)


gary



> -- 
> Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil.   7 Priory Courtyard
>   Flat 3
> PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey Ramsgate
> JID: matt...@infracaninophile.co.uk   Kent, CT11 9PW
> 



-- 
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Matthew Seaman]

On 28/08/2010 08:02:31, 'Gary Kline' wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 09:13:06PM +0200, Polytropon wrote:
>> On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:21:12 -0500, Gary Gatten  wrote:
>>> Rename them, copy, then rename them back?
>>
>> Not good for a whole bunch of files; in this case: tar them together,
>> transfer the archive, untar it; rename afterwards if needed. :-)
>>
> 
> If i'm going to rename, say, ~/.Plans to ~/Plans and ~/.HowtoI18 to
> ~/HowtoI18, I may just scp -rp every ~/[.] file.  the idea of using
> find to collect a tarball may work.

I've been reading this thread, and I'm somewhat at a loss as to why you
need to rename all of the dotfiles at all, Gary.  Dotfiles are just
ordinary files, and programs like find(1), scp(1) or tar(1) will handle
them just like any other file.  The only difference is that shells by
default don't include dotfiles in some glob expansions and ls(1) doesn't
include them in directory listings.  Of course, either of the above can
be overridden: 'echo * .*' or 'ls -a' will show all files including
dotfiles.

The one slightly tricky thing about dealing with dotfiles is the
presence of '..' -- the standard link to the directory above the current
one.  If you accidentally include that in a list of directories to
recurse through, then you'll end up affecting a bunch of stuff that
maybe you didn't expect.  So long as you are aware of the possibility
it's pretty easy to avoid this problem.

To make a copy of your home directory on tao to a temporary directory on
ethic, personally I'd use rsync(1) [in ports as net/rsync].  Then you
can just do:

% rsync -avx --delete ~/ ethic:/home/kline/

It will default to running over ssh(1), so you need to make sure you can
ssh from tao to ethic before you begin.

The neat thing is that you run that command repeatedly, and each
subsequent time it will copy only what has changed on tao over to ethic.

I see someone has given instructions for setting up anonymous rsync --
that's another possibility, but probably a bit OTT for this particular
job. Anonymous rsync is probably best thought of as a superior
replacement for anonymous FTP.

Cheers,

Matthew

-- 
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  Flat 3
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JID: matt...@infracaninophile.co.uk   Kent, CT11 9PW



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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Chris Rees]

On 28 August 2010 08:02, Gary Kline  wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 09:13:06PM +0200, Polytropon wrote:
>> On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:21:12 -0500, Gary Gatten  wrote:
>> > Rename them, copy, then rename them back?
>>
>> Not good for a whole bunch of files; in this case: tar them together,
>> transfer the archive, untar it; rename afterwards if needed. :-)
>>
>
> If i'm going to rename, say, ~/.Plans to ~/Plans and ~/.HowtoI18 to
> ~/HowtoI18, I may just scp -rp every ~/[.] file.  the idea of using
> find to collect a tarball may work.
>

How about:

$ tar cjf -  *dotfile* | ssh machine 'tar xvjf -'

Much less fiddly!

Chris
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

['Gary Kline']

On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 09:13:06PM +0200, Polytropon wrote:
> On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:21:12 -0500, Gary Gatten  wrote:
> > Rename them, copy, then rename them back?
> 
> Not good for a whole bunch of files; in this case: tar them together,
> transfer the archive, untar it; rename afterwards if needed. :-)
> 

If i'm going to rename, say, ~/.Plans to ~/Plans and ~/.HowtoI18 to
~/HowtoI18, I may just scp -rp every ~/[.] file.  the idea of using
find to collect a tarball may work.

> 
> 
> -- 
> Polytropon
> Magdeburg, Germany
> Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
> Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Polytropon]

On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:21:12 -0500, Gary Gatten  wrote:
> Rename them, copy, then rename them back?

Not good for a whole bunch of files; in this case: tar them together,
transfer the archive, untar it; rename afterwards if needed. :-)



-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Bill Campbell]

On Fri, Aug 27, 2010, Gary Kline wrote:
>On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:29:14AM -0700, Bill Campbell wrote:
>> On Fri, Aug 27, 2010, Gary Kline wrote:
>> >
>> >guys,
>> >
>> >this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
>> >~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
>> >dot files? scp doesn't do it.
>> >
>> scp -r to recursively copy directories?  That should get
>> everything in each directory.
>> 
>> We tend to use rsync for this, making an initial copy to get the
>> majority of the files transferred before making the final cut
>> over, the ``rsync --delete ...'' to bring things up to date
>> before making the final switch.  When switching to a new mail
>> server we have done this live with about 10,000 users, but when
>> we did this, we left the Maildir stores empty before the final
>> rsync and didn't use --delete on the Maildir directories.  This
>> allowed new mail to be processed as it came in, and the older
>> mail wouldn't conflict as the Maildir message file names should
>> be unique.
>> 
>
>   So what would the rsync line be starting from ~kline and pointing
>   at ethiv?  ethic is my temporary savings machine while i install
>   the "newtao", m y new desktop.

Assuming that ~kline is /home/kline and will go to /home/kline on
the remote machine this would work (decoding the options is left
as an exersize for the student :-).

cd /home
rsync -vaHrP kline othermachine:/home

A more general solution that doesn't require ssh, but connects to
the rsync daemon on the remote machine might be to create a
module definition in the destination machine's /etc/rsyncd.conf
file something like this:

[myhome]
uid = myusername
gid = mygroupname
read only = false
use chroot = true
path = /path/to/myhomedirectory
comment = /path/to/myhomedirectory
hosts allow = sourceipaddress
hosts deny = *

Then the rsync command could be:

rsync -vaHrP ~/kline/ othermachine::myhome/

This has a couple of advantages.  First the destination uid:gid
can be different on the destination machine as rsync uses the
names in the group and passwd database.  Assuming you're on a LAN
where ssh security isn't critical using the daemon/module
approach doesn't require ssh authorized_keys, and can be
restricted to one or more IP addresses or CIDR blocks.

We use this when moving between systems where the uid:gid mapping
is different when moving between machines of differing OS
releases (e.g. SuSE Linux to FreeBSD), or where the destination
machine may have existing users with conflicting uid:gid s

Bill
-- 
INTERNET:   b...@celestial.com  Bill Campbell; Celestial Software LLC
URL: http://www.celestial.com/  PO Box 820; 6641 E. Mercer Way
Voice:  (206) 236-1676  Mercer Island, WA 98040-0820
Fax:(206) 232-9186  Skype: jwccsllc (206) 855-5792

... because most politicians and bureaucrats are technological idiots,
it's going to be crucial for the rank and file members of the IT community
to find its collective voice soon.
--Michael Vizard, InfoWorld Editor in Chief.
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Gary Kline]

On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:54:52AM -0700, Jason wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:51:41AM -0700, Gary Kline thus spake:
> >On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:25:01AM -0700, Jason Helfman wrote:
> >>On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 13:19:40 -0400
> >>Glen Barber  wrote:
> >>
> >>> On 8/27/10 1:07 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> >>> >
> >>> > guys,
> >>> >
> >>> > this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
> >>> > ~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
> >>> > dot files? scp doesn't do it.
> >>> >
> >>> > tx,
> >>> >
> >>>
> >>> scp u...@foo:\.dotfile .dotfile
> >>>
> >>> Regards,
> >>>
> >>
> >>Use rsync over ssh.
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
> > i've already done 98 or so straight scp copies.   the thing is how
> > to use rsync over to an empty ethic? [[ empty == "there are no \
> > dot files not .directories"]  i want EVERYTHING from this desktop,
> > tao, temp on ethic.
> >
> > thanks
> >
> >
> You can just use rsync in cooperation with find command.
> 
> I've used it before, but found this as an example with a web search.
> rsync -avR remote:'`find /home -name "*.[ch]"`' /tmp/
> 
> Just reverse the order.



this may be close.  use the unix tools and glue them together:-)

i have this, cobbled together from a prev script:



   echo "rsync with checksum from  directory [${PWD}] to
[kl...@ethic:${EPWD}]";

   rsync --perms --times --update  --compress  --verbose \
--checksum -e "ssh -i /home/kline/.ssh/tao_nopasswd-id" \
   ${PWD}  kl...@ethic:${EPWD};
   if [ $? =  0 ]
   then
  echo "rsync transfer went okay, tao to ethic"|mail
kl...@thought.org
   else
  echo "rsync failed to ethic from /home/kline"|mail
kl...@thought.org
   fi

   exit;

but this fails ..

any clues??
> 
> -jgh
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 Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
   http://journey.thought.org


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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Jon Radel]

On 8/27/10 1:51 PM, Gary Kline wrote:



i've already done 98 or so straight scp copies.   the thing is how
to use rsync over to an empty ethic? [[ empty == "there are no \
dot files not .directories"]  i want EVERYTHING from this desktop,
tao, temp on ethic.

thanks

   
An alternative I use sometimes when there is ample disk space on the 
source machine is to create a big tar file of everything in the user's 
home directory, scp the tar file, and then extract into the new home 
directory on the destination machine.  Personally I find that slightly 
easier to keep track of.


There are many ways to skin this cat

--

--Jon Radel
j...@radel.com

Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Jason]

On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:51:41AM -0700, Gary Kline thus spake:

On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:25:01AM -0700, Jason Helfman wrote:

On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 13:19:40 -0400
Glen Barber  wrote:

> On 8/27/10 1:07 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> >
> > guys,
> >
> > this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
> > ~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
> > dot files? scp doesn't do it.
> >
> > tx,
> >
>
> scp u...@foo:\.dotfile .dotfile
>
> Regards,
>

Use rsync over ssh.





i've already done 98 or so straight scp copies.   the thing is how
to use rsync over to an empty ethic? [[ empty == "there are no \
dot files not .directories"]  i want EVERYTHING from this desktop,
tao, temp on ethic.

thanks



You can just use rsync in cooperation with find command.

I've used it before, but found this as an example with a web search.
rsync -avR remote:'`find /home -name "*.[ch]"`' /tmp/

Just reverse the order.

-jgh
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Gary Kline]

On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:25:01AM -0700, Jason Helfman wrote:
> On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 13:19:40 -0400
> Glen Barber  wrote:
> 
> > On 8/27/10 1:07 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> > > 
> > > guys,
> > > 
> > > this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
> > > ~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
> > > dot files? scp doesn't do it.
> > > 
> > > tx,
> > > 
> > 
> > scp u...@foo:\.dotfile .dotfile
> > 
> > Regards,
> > 
> 
> Use rsync over ssh.
> 
> 


i've already done 98 or so straight scp copies.   the thing is how
to use rsync over to an empty ethic? [[ empty == "there are no \
dot files not .directories"]  i want EVERYTHING from this desktop, 
tao, temp on ethic.

thanks


> -- 
> Jason Helfman
> System Administrator
> experts-exchange.com
> http://www.experts-exchange.com/M_4830110.html

-- 
 Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
   http://journey.thought.org


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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Gary Kline]

On Fri, Aug 27, 2010 at 10:29:14AM -0700, Bill Campbell wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 27, 2010, Gary Kline wrote:
> >
> >guys,
> >
> >this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
> >~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
> >dot files? scp doesn't do it.
> >
> scp -r to recursively copy directories?  That should get
> everything in each directory.
> 
> We tend to use rsync for this, making an initial copy to get the
> majority of the files transferred before making the final cut
> over, the ``rsync --delete ...'' to bring things up to date
> before making the final switch.  When switching to a new mail
> server we have done this live with about 10,000 users, but when
> we did this, we left the Maildir stores empty before the final
> rsync and didn't use --delete on the Maildir directories.  This
> allowed new mail to be processed as it came in, and the older
> mail wouldn't conflict as the Maildir message file names should
> be unique.
> 
> Bill
> -- 


So what would the rsync line be starting from ~kline and pointing
at ethiv?  ethic is my temporary savings machine while i install
the "newtao", m y new desktop.

gary



-- 
 Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
   http://journey.thought.org


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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Jason Helfman]

On Fri, 27 Aug 2010 13:19:40 -0400
Glen Barber  wrote:

> On 8/27/10 1:07 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> > 
> > guys,
> > 
> > this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
> > ~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
> > dot files? scp doesn't do it.
> > 
> > tx,
> > 
> 
> scp u...@foo:\.dotfile .dotfile
> 
> Regards,
> 

Use rsync over ssh.


-- 
Jason Helfman
System Administrator
experts-exchange.com
http://www.experts-exchange.com/M_4830110.html
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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Bill Campbell]

On Fri, Aug 27, 2010, Gary Kline wrote:
>
>guys,
>
>this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
>~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
>dot files? scp doesn't do it.
>
scp -r to recursively copy directories?  That should get
everything in each directory.

We tend to use rsync for this, making an initial copy to get the
majority of the files transferred before making the final cut
over, the ``rsync --delete ...'' to bring things up to date
before making the final switch.  When switching to a new mail
server we have done this live with about 10,000 users, but when
we did this, we left the Maildir stores empty before the final
rsync and didn't use --delete on the Maildir directories.  This
allowed new mail to be processed as it came in, and the older
mail wouldn't conflict as the Maildir message file names should
be unique.

Bill
-- 
INTERNET:   b...@celestial.com  Bill Campbell; Celestial Software LLC
URL: http://www.celestial.com/  PO Box 820; 6641 E. Mercer Way
Voice:  (206) 236-1676  Mercer Island, WA 98040-0820
Fax:(206) 232-9186  Skype: jwccsllc (206) 855-5792

Rights is a fictional abstraction.  No one has ``Rights'', neither
machines nor flesh-and-blood.  Persons... have opportunities, not rights,
which they use or do not use.
-- Lazarus Long
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RE: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Gary Gatten]

Rename them, copy, then rename them back?

-Original Message-
From: owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org 
[mailto:owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org] On Behalf Of Gary Kline
Sent: Friday, August 27, 2010 12:08 PM
To: FreeBSD Mailing List
Subject: how do i scp .dotfiles??


guys,

this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
dot files? scp doesn't do it.

tx,

gary



-- 
 Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
   http://journey.thought.org


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Re: how do i scp .dotfiles??

[Glen Barber]

On 8/27/10 1:07 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
> 
> guys,
> 
> this is the start of my master switchover.  how to i copy/scp,say,
> ~/.purpur to home/kline/.purple?  along with many hundreds of other
> dot files? scp doesn't do it.
> 
> tx,
> 

scp u...@foo:\.dotfile .dotfile

Regards,

-- 
Glen Barber
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Re: how do i use a memory stick on freebsd?

[Gautham Ganapathy]

On Sat, May 22, 2010 at 12:33 AM, Gary Kline  wrote:
>
> guys,
>
> my wife emptied a bunch of files onto her memory stick;  the pc
> is not here.  i have never used one of these devices before and
> want to know how, if it is possible, to read her dos/lose
> material from my bsd system.  7.3, dell, plenty of disk, and yes,
> i know where the usb slot it!
>
> do i need to put something in /usr/rc.conf? build a driver or
> utility?  or what?
>
> tia, Y'all!
>
> clueless in king county.
>
>

In case you use GNOME, see
http://www.freebsd.org/gnome/docs/halfaq.html#q3. If this was a fresh
install of 7.3 (GNOME 2.28), just do steps 1 and 2, ignore the
instructions before and after, restart GNOME and then plug the drive
in. It should get mounted and appear on our desktop (well, it worked
for me !)
-- 
Gautham Ganapathy
http://lisphacker.org
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Re: how do i use a memory stick on freebsd?

[Roland Smith]

On Fri, May 21, 2010 at 12:03:42PM -0700, Gary Kline wrote:
> 
> guys, 
> 
> my wife emptied a bunch of files onto her memory stick;  the pc
> is not here.  i have never used one of these devices before and
> want to know how, if it is possible, to read her dos/lose
> material from my bsd system.  7.3, dell, plenty of disk, and yes,
> i know where the usb slot it!
> 
> do i need to put something in /usr/rc.conf? build a driver or
> utility?  or what?

You can mount it as root without having to do anything special. Plug in the
USB stick, and watch dmesg output to see which device appears. Say you see a
device 'da0' appear. Then look in /dev/ to see if there are any slices on it;
'ls /dev/da0*'. You'll probably see one slice, e.g. /dev/da0s1. Then use
mount_msdosfs(8) to mount it somewhere.

If you want to mount as a regular user, things are somewhat more
involved. First, you have to set the sysctl 'vfs.urermount=1'. This has to be
done as root, of course. Then you have to make sure that the user in question
has read/write access to the devices. Generally, I do that by creating a group
called 'usb' with the pw(8) utility, and making users that need access to USB
devices a member of that group. Then I add some lines to /etc/devfs.rules to
make the usb and related devices accessible to that group;

[my_rules=10]
add path 'da*' mode 0660 group usb
add path 'msdosfs/*' mode 0660 group usb
add path 'usb/*' mode 0660 group usb
add path 'ugen*' mode 0660 group usb

The latter two lines are to make e.g. digital cameras and scanners accessible.

This ruleset has to be activated in /etc/rc.conf;

devfs_system_ruleset="my_rules"

You'll need to reboot the system or restart devfs for this to take
effect. With these adaptations, you can mount USB drives as a normal user.

Roland
-- 
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Re: how do i use a memory stick on freebsd?

[Polytropon]

On Fri, 21 May 2010 12:03:42 -0700, Gary Kline  wrote:
> 
> guys, 
> 
> my wife emptied a bunch of files onto her memory stick;  the pc
> is not here.  i have never used one of these devices before and
> want to know how, if it is possible, to read her dos/lose
> material from my bsd system. 

It IS possible, and quite easy.



> 7.3, dell, plenty of disk, and yes,
> i know where the usb slot it!

It's right beneath the "4X" cup holder, I know. :-)



> do i need to put something in /usr/rc.conf?

You mean /etc/rc.conf? Usually not. The /etc/fstab file is where
you can add a default mountpoint and mount options for the USB
stick.

Usually, the device used to access USB sticks is /dev/da (Direct
Access), and I think it will be /dev/da0. Check the output of
dmesg or the last lines in the system log which will reveal the
correct device.

FAT file systems correspond to a slice on the device, /dev/da0s1
for example. You can mount this device.

If it is your first time, play with it, e. g.

# mount_msdosfs -o ro /dev/da0s1 /mnt
# ls /mnt

Is the intended content there? Good.

# umount /mnt

Now add a rule to your file system table, making mount attempts
more easy.

/dev/da0s1  /media/stick  msdosfs rw,noauto,noatime  0  0

This could be a valid entry, depending on the existance of the
directory.

Keep in mind: In order to mount USB sticks as a user you need
sufficient permissions to the involved files, as well as to
own the mount directory, and finally have

vfs.usermount=1

in /etc/sysctl.conf. In case you mount as root (or prefix the
mount command with sudo, ur use the system's su), you don't need
to pay this attention.

You should also read

man mount_msdosfs

and see if you want to use -m and -M: The old-fashioned FAT
file systems don't know file permissions, so files on the USB
stick will have the +x attribute, pretending they were executables
(which they usually aren't); -m and -M apply masks to "cut away"
this mis-information. It can also be possible that you need the
"large" option -o large.

Feel free to also read this:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/mount-unmount.html

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/usb-disks.html

In any case, keep an eye on umounting the USB stick before
removing it. PCs are bad at hot plug operations. :-)



> build a driver or
> utility? 

This is FreeBSD, not "Windows". :-)



> or what?

Or nothing. :-)

If you want "nothing", KDE and Gnome (and Xfce, too) allow the
use of automounting USB devices (if sufficient permissions
allow this), through the means of HAL, DBUS and PolicyKit.
But that's too complicated to be explained in a man's life. :-)



-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: how do i use a memory stick on freebsd?

[Jerry McAllister]

On Fri, May 21, 2010 at 12:03:42PM -0700, Gary Kline wrote:

> 
> guys, 
> 
> my wife emptied a bunch of files onto her memory stick;  the pc
> is not here.  i have never used one of these devices before and
> want to know how, if it is possible, to read her dos/lose
> material from my bsd system.  7.3, dell, plenty of disk, and yes,
> i know where the usb slot it!
> 
> do i need to put something in /usr/rc.conf? build a driver or
> utility?  or what?
> 
> tia, Y'all!
> 
> clueless in king county.
> 

I have the following line in my /etc/fstab and it works just fine.
 
/dev/da1s1  /stick  msdosfs rw,noauto

You have to mount after and umount before plugging the stick in
or pulling it out.   At least that version of FreeBSD does not
automount/umount.

I don't know about a driver.  I didn't have to do anything
extra for a driver.   That machine currently has FreeBSD 7.1
on a Dell desktop of some sort (I don't even remember), probably
an Optiplex.

Of course, the above assumes you have a FATnnn (FAT32) MessyDOS
filesystem on it.I think you can put a UFS on it, but then
MS won't know how to read/write it.

jerry


> 
> -- 
>  Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
> The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
>http://journey.thought.org  99 44/100% Guaranteed Novel
> 
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Re: How do I align 4k drives?

[Steve Polyack]

On 05/11/10 07:58, Gabe wrote:


Hello,

I'm trying to install FreeBSD on a new 1TB WD10EARS drive which has the "Advance 
Format" deal and requires alignment but despite all of my efforts I've been unable 
to figure out.

Help?
   


Sysinstall does not make it easy.  The Advanced fdisk function will only 
leave you scratching your head.  Your best bet is to build the partition 
table on the drive using another freebsd system.  I believe you'll 
simply want to start the first partition with an offset of 4096.


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RE: How do I fix the broken python26 port in 7.2-RELEASE ?

[Michael Powell]

George Sanders wrote:

> 
> 
>> Virgin 7.2-RELEASE install.
>>
>> I run:
>>
>> csup -h cvsup4.freebsd.org -i ports/lang/python26 -g -L 2
>> /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile
> 
>>
>> and now I have a /usr/ports/lang/python26/distinfo that looks like:
>>
>> MD5 (python/Python-2.6.4.tgz) = 17dcac33e4f3adb69a57c2607b6de246
>> SHA256 (python/Python-2.6.4.tgz) =
>> 1a25a47506e4165704cfe2b07c0a064b0b5762a2d18b8fbdad5af688aeacd252 SIZE
>> (python/Python-2.6.4.tgz) = 13322131
>>
>> This looks like mine.
>>
>> Perfect. I'll just do a 'make install' and ...
>>
>> # make install
>> ===> Vulnerability check disabled, database not found
>> ===> Found saved configuration for python26-2.6.4
>> => Python-2.6.1.tgz is not in /usr/ports/lang/python26/distinfo.
>> => Either /usr/ports/lang/python26/distinfo is out of date, or
>> => Python-2.6.1.tgz is spelled incorrectly.
>> *** Error code 1
>>
>> This is the wrong distfile.
> 
> 
> Ok, but as you can see from the paste above, I _do_ have the right
> distfile in my /ports/lang/python26 directory.
> 
> So where is it getting this wrong distfile from, and why is it using it ?
> 
> I am NOT csup'ing and installing the port all in one operation - I am
> doing two distinct things:
> 
> 1. csup ONLY the python26 port

And by doing this and not refreshing the entire ports tree you are trying to 
build with an out of date /usr/ports/Mk. With other ports which have 
dependencies this would become apparent much quicker. Since python26 does 
not, it would seem the bsd.python.mk thinks you should be trying to build 
python 2.6.1.

> 2. make install the python26 port
> 
> Why is this rocket science ?
> 

Dunno - works for me.

-Mike



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RE: How do I fix the broken python26 port in 7.2-RELEASE ?

[George Sanders]

> Virgin 7.2-RELEASE install.
>
> I run:
>
> csup -h cvsup4.freebsd.org -i ports/lang/python26 -g -L 2
> /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile

>
> and now I have a /usr/ports/lang/python26/distinfo that looks like:
>
> MD5 (python/Python-2.6.4.tgz) = 17dcac33e4f3adb69a57c2607b6de246
> SHA256 (python/Python-2.6.4.tgz) =
> 1a25a47506e4165704cfe2b07c0a064b0b5762a2d18b8fbdad5af688aeacd252 SIZE
> (python/Python-2.6.4.tgz) = 13322131
>
> This looks like mine.
>
> Perfect. I'll just do a 'make install' and ...
>
> # make install
> ===> Vulnerability check disabled, database not found
> ===> Found saved configuration for python26-2.6.4
> => Python-2.6.1.tgz is not in /usr/ports/lang/python26/distinfo.
> => Either /usr/ports/lang/python26/distinfo is out of date, or
> => Python-2.6.1.tgz is spelled incorrectly.
> *** Error code 1
>
> This is the wrong distfile.


Ok, but as you can see from the paste above, I _do_ have the right distfile in 
my /ports/lang/python26 directory.

So where is it getting this wrong distfile from, and why is it using it ?

I am NOT csup'ing and installing the port all in one operation - I am doing two 
distinct things:

1. csup ONLY the python26 port
2. make install the python26 port

Why is this rocket science ?


  

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Re: How do I fix the broken python26 port in 7.2-RELEASE ?

[Michael Powell]

George Sanders wrote:

> Virgin 7.2-RELEASE install.
> 
> I run:
> 
> csup -h cvsup4.freebsd.org -i ports/lang/python26 -g -L 2
> /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile


> and now I have a /usr/ports/lang/python26/distinfo that looks like:
> 
> MD5 (python/Python-2.6.4.tgz) = 17dcac33e4f3adb69a57c2607b6de246
> SHA256 (python/Python-2.6.4.tgz) =
> 1a25a47506e4165704cfe2b07c0a064b0b5762a2d18b8fbdad5af688aeacd252 SIZE
> (python/Python-2.6.4.tgz) = 13322131

This looks like mine.
 
> Perfect.  I'll just do a 'make install' and ...
> 
> # make install
> ===>  Vulnerability check disabled, database not found
> ===>  Found saved configuration for python26-2.6.4
> => Python-2.6.1.tgz is not in /usr/ports/lang/python26/distinfo.

This is the wrong distfile.

> => Either /usr/ports/lang/python26/distinfo is out of date, or
> => Python-2.6.1.tgz is spelled incorrectly.
> *** Error code 1
> 
> Stop in /usr/ports/lang/python26.
> *** Error code 1
> 
> Stop in /usr/ports/lang/python26.
> 
> 
> I have no idea how to make this work.  I grepped everywhere for both
> "Python-2.6.1.tgz" and "python26-2.6.4" in an attempt to change them by
> hand, but I cannot find a single file in my filesystem that contains those
> strings, so I have no idea where the ports tree is getting this
> information.
> 
> This was not an odd or non-standard operation - what am I doing wrong ?
> 

I believe something in your juxtaposition of commands in your command line 
above [near beginning of post] has produced an out of order and munged path. 
I haven't built the python26 port anytime recently, but have several django 
related things running fine under it.

What I do is csup the ports tree by itself (not trying to do it at the same 
time on the same command line as the build). I keep my csup housekeeping and 
supfiles in /usr/sup so I just cd /usr/sup and csup -L 2 ports where my 
'ports' file simply contains:

*default host=cvsup.nl.freebsd.org
*default base=/usr
*default prefix=/usr
*default release=cvs tag=.
*default delete use-rel-suffix compress
ports-all

After the ports tree refresh is finished then I install software by changing 
to the appropriate port directory and do the usual make && make install && 
make clean dance. I also use portupgrade so there are additional 
embellishments for use in an update/upgrade scenario.

Try separating the steps, ala do the ports tree refresh to completion first, 
then attempt to install the port.

-Mike




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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Matthew Seaman]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

On 01/03/2010 18:19:36, Matthew Seaman wrote:
> On second thoughts, writing a small wrapper around pkg_add(1) that greps
> through the @pkgdep lines in the +CONTENTS file from the package tarball
> and bails if it finds the wrong version of perl would be a much cleaner
> approach.  The -M (--master) and -S (--slave) flags to pkg_add look
> interesting in this context.

Arrgh.  This is so nearly workable.  Unfortunately, -M or -S don't play
nicely with options like -r or -v -- seems you're meant to have local
copies of all of the dependencies already downloaded and in a directory
on $PKG_PATH in that case.

Given that, then this script will reject any attempt to install a pkg
that depends on perl-5.8:

#!/bin/sh

PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin ;
export PATH
IFS='   
' ; export IFS
umask 022

reject='^...@pkgdep perl-5.8'

TMPFILE=$(mktemp -t mypkgadd) || exit 1
trap "rm $TMPFILE" KILL HUP EXIT

if pkg_add -M ${...@} | sed -n -e '/^\/var\/tmp\/instmp/,$p' | \
tee $TMPFILE | grep "$reject" 2>&1 >/dev/null ; then
echo "Error: found forbidden package dependency $reject"
exit 1
fi

pkg_add -S < $TMPFILE && rm -rf $( head -1 $TMPFILE )

#
# That's All Folks!
#

Now, the only missing bit is 'pkg_add -r -S' not fetching dependency
pkgs from the remote  site.  Also options like -r and -v seem to cause
bogons to be emitted to stdout which screws up the -M action, but that
has been worked around.

Cheers,

Matthew


- -- 
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  Flat 3
PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey Ramsgate
  Kent, CT11 9PW
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Adam Vande More]

On Mon, Mar 1, 2010 at 12:19 PM, Matthew Seaman <
m.sea...@infracaninophile.co.uk> wrote:

>
> As far as I know, there isn't an official way to do this.  What you
> want sounds like a useful addition to the base system to me.
>
> You could do it in a fairly gross hacky way, like the following. This is
> entirly untested, might not work at all and will certainly be at the
> cost of some alarming error messages:
>
>   # mkdir -p /var/db/pkg/perl-5.8.9_3
>   # touch /var/db/pkg/perl-5.8.9_3/+IGNOREME
>   # chflags -R noschg /var/db/pkg/perl-5.8.9_3
>
> Hopefully it chucks a spanner in the works before the package system
> actually installs anything.  Of course, you'll have to update that if
> the perl5.8 port has any sort of version bump[*].
>
> On second thoughts, writing a small wrapper around pkg_add(1) that greps
> through the @pkgdep lines in the +CONTENTS file from the package tarball
> and bails if it finds the wrong version of perl would be a much cleaner
> approach.  The -M (--master) and -S (--slave) flags to pkg_add look
> interesting in this context.
>
>
There is already enough dependency information available to portupgrade to
know this.  portupgrade simply doesn't act on it.  However, as I already
informed Mr. Schwartz, portmaster -P does work.


-- 
Adam Vande More
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Matthew Seaman]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

On 01/03/2010 17:21:48, Randal L. Schwartz wrote:
>> "Matthew" == Matthew Seaman  writes:
> 
> Matthew> For best results, install from ports rather than packages.  If it's
> Matthew> pure-perl code, then this should be hardly more onerous than 
> installing
> Matthew> a compiled package.  XS code however will chew up some CPU cycles.
> 
> I don't mind installing from ports once I've been notified that the package
> won't work because it wants perl5.8.
> 
> What I want is a way to tell the port/package system that perl5.8
> doesn't exist so that it *will* fail.
> 
> How do I do that?

As far as I know, there isn't an official way to do this.  What you
want sounds like a useful addition to the base system to me.

You could do it in a fairly gross hacky way, like the following. This is
entirly untested, might not work at all and will certainly be at the
cost of some alarming error messages:

   # mkdir -p /var/db/pkg/perl-5.8.9_3
   # touch /var/db/pkg/perl-5.8.9_3/+IGNOREME
   # chflags -R noschg /var/db/pkg/perl-5.8.9_3

Hopefully it chucks a spanner in the works before the package system
actually installs anything.  Of course, you'll have to update that if
the perl5.8 port has any sort of version bump[*].

On second thoughts, writing a small wrapper around pkg_add(1) that greps
through the @pkgdep lines in the +CONTENTS file from the package tarball
and bails if it finds the wrong version of perl would be a much cleaner
approach.  The -M (--master) and -S (--slave) flags to pkg_add look
interesting in this context.

Cheers,

Matthew


[*]  You can register at freshports.org to get notifications of any
updates to ports that particularly interest you.

- -- 
Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil.   7 Priory Courtyard
  Flat 3
PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey Ramsgate
  Kent, CT11 9PW
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Randal L. Schwartz]

> "Matthew" == Matthew Seaman  writes:

Matthew> For best results, install from ports rather than packages.  If it's
Matthew> pure-perl code, then this should be hardly more onerous than installing
Matthew> a compiled package.  XS code however will chew up some CPU cycles.

I don't mind installing from ports once I've been notified that the package
won't work because it wants perl5.8.

What I want is a way to tell the port/package system that perl5.8
doesn't exist so that it *will* fail.

How do I do that?

-- 
Randal L. Schwartz - Stonehenge Consulting Services, Inc. - +1 503 777 0095
 http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/>
Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc.
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Matthew Seaman]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

On 01/03/2010 01:40:55, Randal L. Schwartz wrote:
> I'd like the entire portage system to consider 5.8 to be dead, both
  ^^^
  That's a gentoo-ism

> for building from ports, and for installing packages that say they
> depend on that.
> 
> How do I get there?

Wait.   perl-5.10.1 the new default version since 3 weeks ago, but I
guess the packages on the FTP sites have not yet been updated.

http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/ports/Mk/bsd.perl.mk.diff?r1=1.14;r2=1.15

Cheers,

Matthew

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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Matthew Seaman]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
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On 01/03/2010 01:45:26, Randal L. Schwartz wrote:
>> "Adam" == Adam Vande More  writes:
> 
> Adam> Can you attach your make.conf?
> 
> WITHOUT_X11=yes
> # added by use.perl 2010-02-28 17:41:39
> PERL_VERSION=5.10.1
> 
> The problem is not ports, it's packages.  If a package specifies 5.8,
> it installs the 5.8 package, and I'm toast.  So make.conf doesn't matter.
> 

Precompiled packages aren't going to work for this: the dependencies are
compiled in.  Also, specifically a perl thing: the perl version number
is encoded into the library paths where modules are installed, which
makes it ... challenging ... to use them with a different version of perl.

For best results, install from ports rather than packages.  If it's
pure-perl code, then this should be hardly more onerous than installing
a compiled package.  XS code however will chew up some CPU cycles.

Check out portmaster(8) or portupgrade(8) as the moral equivalents of
the cpan(1) program to make dealing with ports more convenient.

Cheers,

Matthew

- -- 
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Randal L. Schwartz]

> "Adam" == Adam Vande More  writes:

Adam> Can you attach your make.conf?

WITHOUT_X11=yes
# added by use.perl 2010-02-28 17:41:39
PERL_VERSION=5.10.1

The problem is not ports, it's packages.  If a package specifies 5.8,
it installs the 5.8 package, and I'm toast.  So make.conf doesn't matter.

-- 
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 http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/>
Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc.
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Adam Vande More]

>
> It completes by installing 5.8.  I'd like to prevent that.
>
> I'd like the entire portage system to consider 5.8 to be dead, both
> for building from ports, and for installing packages that say they
> depend on that.
>
> How do I get there?
>
>
Can you attach your make.conf?

-- 
Adam Vande More
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Randal L. Schwartz]

> "Adam" == Adam Vande More  writes:

Adam> If it completed successly it has to help.  What are the result of each 
step
Adam> so we can isolate the problem.

It completes by installing 5.8.  I'd like to prevent that.

I'd like the entire portage system to consider 5.8 to be dead, both
for building from ports, and for installing packages that say they
depend on that.

How do I get there?

-- 
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 http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/>
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Adam Vande More]

On Sun, Feb 28, 2010 at 3:53 PM, Randal L. Schwartz
wrote:

> > "Adam" == Adam Vande More  writes:
>
> Adam> See /usr/ports/UPDATING and /etc/make.conf
>
> Doesn't help.  Packages that are compiled against 5.8 still want
> to install 5.8.
>
> I want this to fatal out, so I know to build from port, not use package.
>
> "portinstall -Pc MUMBLE" is just too damn easy to give up the "-P".
>
>
If it completed successly it has to help.  What are the result of each step
so we can isolate the problem.

-- 
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Randal L. Schwartz]

> "Adam" == Adam Vande More  writes:

Adam> See /usr/ports/UPDATING and /etc/make.conf

Doesn't help.  Packages that are compiled against 5.8 still want
to install 5.8.

I want this to fatal out, so I know to build from port, not use package.

"portinstall -Pc MUMBLE" is just too damn easy to give up the "-P".

-- 
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Re: how do I tell ports that perl5.8 should never be installed?

[Adam Vande More]

On Sun, Feb 28, 2010 at 2:51 PM, Randal L. Schwartz
wrote:

>
> I've upgraded to Perl 5.10, but when I tried to install a few
> things that depended on "perl", the package installed perl5.8, because
> that must be what it was compiled with.
>
> How do I tell the ports system that perl5.8 should *never* be used, and
> rather
> than install a package that needs it, I can fall back to a port build?
>
> I'm using portsnap to update things, so I don't think i can just delete the
> 5.8 port, because it will likely just get reinstalled.
>

See /usr/ports/UPDATING and /etc/make.conf

-- 
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Re: How do I create a 40x40 pixel monochrome mage for KMail?

[Chuck Swiger]

On Jan 29, 2010, at 9:41 AM, Steven Friedrich wrote:
> I've noticed that several apps support images of the user, such as KMail, 
> which supports a 40x40 pixel jpeg.
> 
> I have a webcam, but it won't take  a monochrome picture and it doesn't 
> snapshot all the resolutions that it can display in. In particular, I tried 
> the two lowest and the lowest, sqcif, isn't supported by my webcam and qsif 
> seg faults. Those would have been 128x96 and 160x120.

Take a bigger image, convert it to greyscale, resize it down to the size you 
want.  You could most easily do this with Photoshop, IrfanView, GIMP, 
ImageMagick, etc, but something like graphics/netpbm will work even on the 
FreeBSD command line

Regards,
-- 
-Chuck

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Re: How do I create a 40x40 pixel monochrome mage for KMail?

[Polytropon]

On Fri, 29 Jan 2010 12:41:06 -0500, Steven Friedrich  
wrote:
> I have a webcam, but it won't take  a monochrome picture and it doesn't 
> snapshot all the resolutions that it can display in. In particular, I tried 
> the two lowest and the lowest, sqcif, isn't supported by my webcam and qsif 
> seg faults. Those would have been 128x96 and 160x120.
> 
> I figured that if I used the lowest resolution, I could crop out a 40x40 
> image.

You can use ImageMagick's convert command to scale the
image, and turn it into monochrome; see "man convert"
for -resize and -monochrome parameters. It's even possible
to use Gimp for this task. :-)



> Kopete also supports a 200x200 pixel image, but I think it requires exactly 
> 200x200, so 128x96 won't work.

You can use "!" with -resize to force a specific image
size, even if it violates the source picture's aspect
ratio (which -resize usually keeps).



> I thought that someone said they used kamera to take a snapshot with their 
> webcam but Logitech webcams aren't listed.

Maybe you can use gtkam / gphoto2 to talk to the Logitech
camera? I don't own one because I'm familiar with the fact
that they are not standard-compatible and that's why not
supported.



> I can take one with pwcview, which is what I was talking about above.

You can even use a "regular" digital camera to take the
photo, transfer it from the camera (or its CF or SD storage)
and then postprocess it with ImageMagick.


-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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RE: How do I create large partitions in FreeBSD?

[Walt Pawley]

>>b) go with gpt / gpart, which is okay if FreeBSD will
>>  be the only OS that accesses the disk(s) in question,
>>  as I may assume by your statements.
>That's correct; these will be strictly BSD accessible drives.

FWIW: I've used GUID drives with Mac OS X, Windows XP, Ubuntu
and PC-BSD all resident in their own GUID partitions. Haven't
had 11TB to try, however. ;-)
-- 

Walter M. Pawley 
Wump Research & Company
676 River Bend Road, Roseburg, OR 97471
 541-672-8975
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Re: How do I create large partitions in FreeBSD?

[Polytropon]

On Tue, 8 Dec 2009 20:52:52 +, krad  wrote:
> stay away from dangerously dedicated it seems as though they are being
> phased out

I've followed the related discussion, but I'm not sure what
to conclude from it... as far as I understood, creating an
installation "dangerously dedicated" mode isn't possible
from sysinstall anymore, but still possible via the command
line tools. I don't see a reason why it is considered to be
something bad, but the inclusion of a "carrier slice" for
the OS's partitions has always been recommended. But for
data disks where only one partition is intended, why create
it inside a slice?

By the way, the OP intends to create more than one slice
and then create one or two partitions within each slice,
so "dangerously dedicated" disks wouldn't be a solution
for him anyway.



-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: How do I create large partitions in FreeBSD?

[krad]

2009/12/8 Polytropon 

> On Tue, 8 Dec 2009 13:43:41 -0600, Peter Steele 
> wrote:
> > Yes, I know what a BSD slice is compared to a BSD partition.
> > Considering that fdisk uses "partition" interchangeably in
> > cases with "slice", I often do as well. I guess it can be
> > confusing if one isn't careful with context.
>
> You're right - fdisk uses different terminology.
>
>
>
> > We already have a configuration in place on our smaller 1U
> > boxes which are divided into three slices, one for the OS
> > (with 2 partitions), one for swap, and the third slice for
> > data. The third slice is divided into two partitions, one
> > UFS and one raw. The first two slices are gmirrored, the
> > third slice is not.
>
> Okay, now I understand. It's much more complex than it seemed
> from your initial statement. :-)
>
> What you want in the end is e. g.
>/dev/da1s1a = /
>/dev/da1s1d = /usr (or maybe /usr/local)
>/dev/da1s2b = swap
>/dev/da1s3d = /bigstorage (or something similar)
>/dev/da1s3e = raw
>
>
>
> > For consistency we want to use the same slice configuration
> > for these large drives. We don't *have* to do it this way
> > but it simplifies things for our legacy code. We're not
> > using any gmirroring on these raid boxes of course, and we
> > only need one partition on the third slice (no raw partition)
> > but otherwise the layout will largely be the same.
>
> Then it looks to me that using gpt / gpart is the way to go...
>
>
>
> --
> Polytropon
> Magdeburg, Germany
> Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
> Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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stay away from dangerously dedicated it seems as though they are being
phased out
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Re: How do I create large partitions in FreeBSD?

[Polytropon]

On Tue, 8 Dec 2009 13:43:41 -0600, Peter Steele  wrote:
> Yes, I know what a BSD slice is compared to a BSD partition.
> Considering that fdisk uses "partition" interchangeably in
> cases with "slice", I often do as well. I guess it can be
> confusing if one isn't careful with context.

You're right - fdisk uses different terminology.



> We already have a configuration in place on our smaller 1U
> boxes which are divided into three slices, one for the OS
> (with 2 partitions), one for swap, and the third slice for
> data. The third slice is divided into two partitions, one
> UFS and one raw. The first two slices are gmirrored, the
> third slice is not.

Okay, now I understand. It's much more complex than it seemed
from your initial statement. :-)

What you want in the end is e. g.
/dev/da1s1a = /
/dev/da1s1d = /usr (or maybe /usr/local)
/dev/da1s2b = swap
/dev/da1s3d = /bigstorage (or something similar)
/dev/da1s3e = raw



> For consistency we want to use the same slice configuration
> for these large drives. We don't *have* to do it this way
> but it simplifies things for our legacy code. We're not
> using any gmirroring on these raid boxes of course, and we
> only need one partition on the third slice (no raw partition)
> but otherwise the layout will largely be the same.

Then it looks to me that using gpt / gpart is the way to go...



-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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RE: How do I create large partitions in FreeBSD?

[Peter Steele]

>b) go with gpt / gpart, which is okay if FreeBSD will
>  be the only OS that accesses the disk(s) in question,
>  as I may assume by your statements.
That's correct; these will be strictly BSD accessible drives.


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Re: How do I create large partitions in FreeBSD?

[Maxim Khitrov]

On Tue, Dec 8, 2009 at 2:24 PM, Peter Steele  wrote:
>>You cannot use fdisk for this, because fdisk creates MBR partition tables and 
>>these partitions are limited to 2 TB. You have three
>>options:
>>
>>1. Use GPT instead of MBR. This is handled by gpt (FreeBSD 7) and gpart 
>>(FreeBSD 8) commands.
>
> We're running 8.0. I'll have to check out gpart.
>
>>2. Use a "dangerously dedicated" partitioning scheme.
>>3. Bypass all partitioning issues and do what Polytropon suggested.
>>
>>The third option will only work if you don't need to boot from the array and 
>>are happy with a single 11TB file system.
>
> We do need to boot from these drives so this is not an option.
>
>> The second option gives you partitions and the ability to boot FreeBSD, but 
>> no other operating system will recognize the array.
>>Device names will be da1a, da1b, etc. To do this run the following
>>commands:
>>
>>bsdlabel -w -B da1
>
> When I run this command I get:
>
> # bsdlabel -w -B da1
> bsdlabel: disks with more than 2^32-1 sectors are not supported

I forgot about that one, sorry.

> So that seems we are limited to option 1. We didn't anticipate this; hope 
> there aren't unexpected gotchas lurking around the corner...

Not sure if you're able to do this, but I would advise you against
using the same array for OS, swap, and data. For all the servers I've
configured, I always use a two small (32-64 GB) drives in RAID 1
configuration for the first two functions. The data is always on a
physically-separate array, which means that I'm free to use newfs on
the entire thing and never have to deal with partitions.

This setup is simpler, safer, and faster since your data drives are
now performing just one function.

- Max
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