Document Title: =============== PayPal Inc Bug Bounty #53 - Multiple Persistent Vulnerabilities
References (Source): ==================== http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=835 Release Date: ============= 2014-09-29 Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID): ==================================== 835 Common Vulnerability Scoring System: ==================================== 4.3 Product & Service Introduction: =============================== PayPal is a global e-commerce business allowing payments and money transfers to be made through the Internet. Online money transfers serve as electronic alternatives to paying with traditional paper methods, such as checks and money orders. Originally, a PayPal account could be funded with an electronic debit from a bank account or by a credit card at the payer s choice. But some time in 2010 or early 2011, PayPal began to require a verified bank account after the account holder exceeded a predetermined spending limit. After that point, PayPal will attempt to take funds for a purchase from funding sources according to a specified funding hierarchy. If you set one of the funding sources as Primary, it will default to that, within that level of the hierarchy (for example, if your credit card ending in 4567 is set as the Primary over 1234, it will still attempt to pay money out of your PayPal balance, before it attempts to charge your credit card). The funding hierarchy is a balance in the PayPal account; a PayPal credit account, PayPal Extras, PayPal SmartConnect, PayPal Extras Master Card or Bill Me Later (if selected as primary funding source) (It can bypass the Balance); a verified bank account; other funding sources, such as non-PayPal credit cards. The recipient of a PayPal transfer can either request a check from PayPal, establish their own PayPal deposit account or request a transfer to their bank account. PayPal is an acquirer, performing payment processing for online vendors, auction sites, and other commercial users, for which it charges a fee. It may also charge a fee for receiving money, proportional to the amount received. The fees depend on the currency used, the payment option used, the country of the sender, the country of the recipient, the amount sent and the recipient s account type. In addition, eBay purchases made by credit card through PayPal may incur extra fees if the buyer and seller use different currencies. On October 3, 2002, PayPal became a wholly owned subsidiary of eBay. Its corporate headquarters are in San Jose, California, United States at eBay s North First Street satellite office campus. The company also has significant operations in Omaha, Nebraska, Scottsdale, Arizona, and Austin, Texas, in the United States, Chennai, Dublin, Kleinmachnow (near Berlin) and Tel Aviv. As of July 2007, across Europe, PayPal also operates as a Luxembourg-based bank. On March 17, 2010, PayPal entered into an agreement with China UnionPay (CUP), China s bankcard association, to allow Chinese consumers to use PayPal to shop online.PayPal is planning to expand its workforce in Asia to 2,000 by the end of the year 2010. Between December 4ñ9, 2010, PayPal services were attacked in a series of denial-of-service attacks organized by Anonymous in retaliation for PayPal s decision to freeze the account of WikiLeaks citing terms of use violations over the publication of leaked US diplomatic cables. (Copy of the Homepage: www.paypal.com) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PayPal] Abstract Advisory Information: ============================== The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered two persistent input validation web vulnerabilities in the official PayPal Inc GP+ online service web-application. Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline: ================================== 2014-09-29: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory) Discovery Status: ================= Published Affected Product(s): ==================== PayPal Inc Product: GP+ - Application Service 2013 Q1 Exploitation Technique: ======================= Remote Severity Level: =============== Medium Technical Details & Description: ================================ Multiple persistent input validation web vulnerabilities has been discovered in the official PayPal Inc GP+ online service web-application. The vulnerability allows an attacker to inject own malicious script codes to the application side (persistent) of the vulnerable module. The persistent input validation vulnerabilities are located `New page title Add` and `Create a new META-description` input values of the `Improvement-Plan` module. Remote attacker are able to inject own persistent script codes by generating the search-engine-content list. The attack vector is persistent on the application-side of the vulnerable service and the request method to inject the code is POST. To exploit the persistent bugs the attacker needs to bypass with 2 different ways the validation of the meta tag and page titel input fields. Page Title Input Bypass In the first example method the attacker can use %20``> to split the request and closes the tag with < >. All after the closed ending tag will execute the code. At the end the example should look like ... %20``>+[Random Context]+< >[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!] Meta Tag Bypass In the second example method the attacker needs to match the meta tag word validation by including any random word. After the random word he includes ><> to close the mask, then he opens with ``< a new (note: meta tags splitted with ,) and can execute after the ``< ``> his own script code. At the end the example should look like ... [Random Word as TAG], ><>``< ``>< ``><[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]< The security risk of the persistent web vulnerability is estimated as medium with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 4.3. Exploitation of the application-side web vulnerability requires a low privileged web-application user account but only low user interaction. Successful exploitation of the vulnerabilities result in persistent phishing mails, session hijacking, persistent external redirect to malicious sources and application-side manipulation of affected or connected module context. Request Method(s): [+] POST Vulnerable Service(s): [+] Paypal Inc - GP+ Vulnerable Module(s): [+] Improvement-Plan > Create a new page title Vulnerable Parameter(s): [+] New page title Add (name) [+] Create a new META-description (tag) Affected Module(s): [+] Preview Improve Page - Listing [+] Meta Tag - Listing Proof of Concept (PoC): ======================= The vulnerabilities can be exploited by remote attackers with low privileged application user account and low or medium required user interaction. For demonstration or reproduce ... PoC: %20">< >"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]< ... or PENTEST INJECTED SCRIPT CODE ><>"<">< "><[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]< Review: Preview improve page - Listing Module: Create a new page title > New page title Add Affected: Preview improve page - Listing <div id="preview-seo-improvement-plan"> <div id="search-engine-content"> <a id="heading" href="#">a</a> <p>%20">%20">><<<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]) <</iframe></p> <a href="#">http://maja.com/impressum.php</a> - <span>in cache</span> </div></div> Review: Meta TAG - Listing Module: Create a new page title > Create a new META-description Affected: Meta TAG - Listing <div id="notifier"> <p class="notifier-heading">Improve page <input id="page-number" name="page" value="0"> of 1</p> <p class="notifier-text">Each page should have unique title and META description. Create a title that describes in a few words what can be found on this page. The META description is used in the search results. Describe in 1 or 2 short sentences what this page is about.</p></div> <div id="preview-seo-improvement-plan"> <div id="search-engine-content"> <a id="heading" href="#">MaJa - Ihr Partner in Fragen Webdesign, Webhosting, Webpromotion, Prasentationen...</a> <p>hello, merlin, [PENTEST INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]+ben><>"< ">><>"<</iframe></p> <a href="#">http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/[o_O]</a> - <span>in cache</span> </div></div> Reference(s): https://www.paypal-gpplus.com/en/dashboard/improvement-plan/2729702/step2/ Solution - Fix & Patch: ======================= The vulnerability can be patched by parsing the web context of the Create a new META-description and New page title Add input fields. Do not forget to seperate parse the vulnerable output listing of the vulnerable values to fix the issue. Security Risk: ============== The security risk of the persistent input validation vulnerabilities and filter bypass method are estimated as medium. (CVSS 4.3) Credits & Authors: ================== Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri (b...@evolution-sec.com) [www.vulnerability-lab.com] Disclaimer & Information: ========================= The information provided in this advisory is provided as it is without any warranty. Vulnerability Lab disclaims all warranties, either expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and capability for a particular purpose. Vulnerability-Lab or its suppliers are not liable in any case of damage, including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential loss of business profits or special damages, even if Vulnerability-Lab or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply. 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