RE: [geo] Estimating the portion of Marine Cloud Brightening sea-salt aerosols that activate when incorporated into low-lying marine clouds: preliminary results

Hi anyone This looks extremely important. Please help me download the paper. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 662 1180 YouTube Jamie Taylor Power for Change From:

[geo] RE: [prag] RE: Request for Feedback: Open Letter Supporting Research on Three Responses to Warming Impact of Bunker Fuel Regulations

technique using energy from sea waves which required demisting. The design used a random packed bed of 10 mm diameter 10mm long stainless thin-wall stainless steel tubes but I was trying to stop all the salt. Stephen From: John Macdonald Sent: 18 August 2023 13:25 To: Stephen Salter Cc: Stephen Salter

RE: [geo] SRM would likely prevent the only major atmospheric tipping point

Hi All The ‘some critical threshold’ for the failure of marine cloud brightening was a CO2 concentration four times pre-industrial values. Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Geoengineering News Sent: 16 July 2023 12:47 To: geoengineering@googlegroups.com Subject: [geo]

RE: [geo] “Cooling credits” are not a viable climate solution

countries. Cooling would begin at the end of a hurricane season and the trajectory of temperature change observed to the following year. Stephen Stephen Salter Ocean Cooling Technology Ltd. 27 Blackford Road Edinburgh EH9 2DT Scotland. From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf

[geo] Phase question CESM2 ARISE-SAI-1.5 simulations

on whether it is above or below the natural ‘resonant’ frequency. But if the cooling treatment depended on the rate of change of temperature then it would behave like a damping. Very small amounts of damping can kill resonance. Sadly many people do not understand phase. Stephen Salter Ocean

[geo] Barrier reef

Hi All www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02290-3 Stephen The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336. Is e buidheann carthannais a th' ann an Oilthigh Dh?n ?ideann, cl?raichte an

[geo] RE: Clouds in the Arctic only provide cooling during a short period during the summer

making each cloud droplet bigger. So, it seems that to cool the Arctic the oceans need to be cooled. Have I got that right? Clive From: noac-meeti...@googlegroups.com<mailto:noac-meeti...@googlegroups.com> mailto:noac-meeti...@googlegroups.com>> On Behalf Of Stephen Salter Sent:

[geo] Overshoot

Hi All The Nature paper by Richard Lovett at https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-01725-3?WT.ec_id=NATURE-202306=DD2C61054D98C5BDD2C13072933E43E6D8C8E8F2 will annoy advocates for stratospheric sulphur more than those for marine cloud brightening. It is a surprise to see this in Nature.

RE: [geo] Detection of large-scale cloud microphysical changes and evidence for decreasing cloud brightness within a major shipping corridor after implementation of the International Maritime Organiza

Hi All What a useful paper! I am a bit surprised that the instantaneous change is only 1 watt per square metre. The 20 bar grey scale at the bottom of the image below shows that we need at least three bars, 15% change, to detect the direction of a contrast gradient. Ship track images often

RE: [geo] Opinion: The scientific and community-building roles of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) – past, present, and future

to regional needs at that time. Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 662 1180 YouTube Jamie Taylor Power for Change From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Geoengineering

[geo] IPCC March 2023

Hi All While reducing atmospheric CO2 concentrations to net zero is desirable it is completely inadequate without effective time travel. The oceans now contain 40 times more CO2 than the atmosphere and this will come back out if atmospheric concentrations fall. Releasing CO2 is like turning

RE: [geo] SATAN

Hi All I ask as an ignorant non-legal person, please could one of the many expert ethicists and political decision makers help me understand the difference between the release of very small quantities of medicinally benign material aimed at helping all species intended to advance knowledge

RE: [geo] SATAN

Andrew What about an upside down parachute deployed at the right time? Stephen From: Andrew Lockley Sent: 02 March 2023 09:50 To: Stephen Salter Cc: geoengineering Subject: Re: [geo] SATAN This email was sent to you by someone outside the University. You should only click on links

RE: [geo] SATAN

Hi All You could delay balloons bursting by fitting a pressure relief valve to vent gas when the outside pressure fell below some chosen value. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 650 5704 or

[geo] a thin end?

Hi All https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/27/speculative-tech-to-reflect-sun-away-from-earth-needs-focus-un.html Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 650 5704 or 0131 662 1180 YouTube Jamie Taylor

RE: [geo] An Optical Flow Approach to Tracking Ship Track Behavior Using GOES-R Satellite Imagery

Hi All A recent estimate of the climate problem is that a reduction of the solar input by 1.7 watts per square metre would give tolerable temperature conditions. This is 0.5% of the mean global 24 hour solar input. If marine cloud brightening was used for only 10% of the global surface an

RE: [geo] climate emulator workshop

Hi all The closing date for abstracts of 10 February will need reliable time travel. This would also be would be extremely useful for any zero carbon policy. Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Andrew Lockley Sent: 25 February 2023 15:21 To: geoengineering Subject:

RE: [geo] Fwd: Dust as a solar shield

Hi All We might also need technology to remove lunar dust during some future ice age. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 650 5704 or 0131 662 1180 YouTube Jamie Taylor Power for Change

RE: [geo] Microphysical, macrophysical, and radiative responses of subtropical marine clouds to aerosol injections

Hi All This paper is heavy going for engineers outside the climate physics community but if, my understanding is correct, the conclusions for marine cloud brightening are encouraging. I would like to point out to the climate physics community that hydrofoil vessels have very low wave-making

RE: [geo] Geoengineering and solar radiation management

Hi All Can anyone tell me about how to get beyond the library label? I am very impressed at the ability of the International Atomic Energy Agency to write papers on non-atomic subjects without consulting people working in the field. Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of

RE: [geo] Make Sunsets: Clarifications!

. No pump is needed. I can give you a valve design weighing less than one gram. Think open prairie for launching. Stephen From: Andrew Lockley Sent: 29 December 2022 11:05 To: Stephen Salter Cc: Luke Iseman ; geoengineering Subject: Re: [geo] Make Sunsets: Clarifications! This email was sent

RE: [geo] Make Sunsets: Clarifications!

Hi I do not understand the bit about bursting. Control of a venting valve protects the balloon and allows release at the chosen altitude. Helium is irreplaceable and needed for super cooling. Is there a reason not to use hydrogen? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of

RE: [geo] A Parameterization of Interstitial Aerosol Extinction and Its Application to Marine Cloud Brightening

Hi All The Hoffmann paper seems to be a convincing argument to treat regions where there has just been rain to clean the air and to use a mono-disperse spray to get a high nucleation fraction. We do not want the bigger nuclei to grab water vapour and starve the smaller ones. Advice on the

[geo] COP 27

account of COP 27. I am glad that I did not go. Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 650 5704 or 0131 662 1180 YouTube Jamie Taylor Power for Change The University of Edinburgh

[geo] FW: Hear from John Kerry, US special presidential envoy for climate, in person at Sustainability Week: Countdown to COP27 - Abu Dhabi day

From: nore...@swapcard.com Sent: 04 October 2022 10:02 To: Stephen Salter Subject: Hear from John Kerry, US special presidential envoy for climate, in person at Sustainability Week: Countdown to COP27 - Abu Dhabi day This email was sent to you by someone outside the University. You should

RE: [geo] Ian

you like to see calculations about sea level rise and Arctic ice and a way to increase sea evaporation? Stephen From: Stephen Salter Sent: 28 September 2022 20:40 To: andrew.lock...@gmail.com Cc: geoengineering Subject: RE: [geo] Ian Andrew And here is the counter counterpoint. The futility

RE: [geo] Ian

Andrew And here is the counter counterpoint. The futility authors have not replied to the 5000 to 1 ratio. Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Andrew Lockley Sent: 28 September 2022 19:18 To: Stephen Salter Cc: geoengineering Subject: Re: [geo] Ian This email was sent

RE: [geo] Climate model bias

to do 0.5%. Stephen From: Govindasamy Bala Sent: 22 September 2022 16:26 To: Stephen Salter Cc: geoengineering@googlegroups.com; noac-meeti...@googlegroups.com Subject: Re: [geo] Climate model bias This email was sent to you by someone outside the University. You should only click on links

[geo] Climate model bias

Hi All A paper at https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00376-022-2036-z.pdf says that there are significant biases in simulated cloud physical properties over the Southern Ocean. Section 5 mentions a mean bias of "more than 30 Watts per square metre" lots more than I thought was the

[geo] Next winter

Alan Robinson sent me an interesting link about long range temperature. https://www.severe-weather.eu/long-range-2/winter-forecast-2022-2023-season-first-look-united-states-europe-fa/ Stephen The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number

[geo] RE: HPAC comment on White House Office of Science and Technology Policy climate intervention program

Hi All My submission below about marine cloud brightening will be familiar to most of you. I expect that they would prefer spending money in America. A recent estimate from the Hadley Centre is that greenhouse gases are retaining 1.7 watts per square metre more than we would like. The mean

[geo] Climate Book review

Hi All Physics World has a review of a book on climate change by Wake Smith and one possible solution.

[geo] CCS news

Hi All The site The Energy Mix/Climate News Network site https://www.theenergymix.com/2022/09/01/10-of-13-flagship-ccs-projects-missed-their-targets-ieefa-analysis-concludes/?utm_source=The+Energy+Mix_campaign=2e7cf8611f-TEM_RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_medium=email_term=0_dc146fb5ca-2e7cf8611f-510009530

[geo] Greenland

Hi All The site https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/greenland-ice-sheet-will-contribute-one-foot-to-sea-level-rise has interesting stuff about Greenland. Stephen The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336. Is e buidheann

Re: [geo] The Panglossian politics of the geoclique: Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy: Vol 23, No 5

Hi All The computer climate models predict a fairly steady return to the trajectory of what would otherwise have happened over a period of ten years. Would people who are worried about the 'termination shock' prefer irreversible solutions?  Several irreversibilities are the likely result of

Re: [geo] Contesting the climate Bas/Mahajan

Hi All If only there was similar concern about people who revived 100 million year old microbes see https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/07/scientists-pull-living-microbes-100-million-years-beneath-sea Anyone for small-pox? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of

[geo] Arctic deja prevoir?

Hi All Check out https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/record-temperatures-and-record-low-sea-ice-in-siberian-arctic Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel

Re: [geo] TEN YEARS OF GEOMIP

Ben You will find that time speeds up as you get older. I have been looking for GeoMip papers about marine cloud brightening with mono-disperse spray sized to suit Kohler but have not be able to find any.  Have I overlooked one? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of

[geo] Southern ocean clouds and bad modesl

Hi All The sites https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/study-southern-ocean-is-one-of-the-most-pristine-places-on-earth and https://theconversation.com/we-caught-bacteria-from-the-most-pristine-air-on-earth-to-help-solve-a-climate-modeling-mystery-140041 have interesting information

Re: [geo] Ocean geoengineering tests violate UN convention: green groups

Hi All I think that the UN rule is that you are not to introduce any new chemicals into the biosphere.  Marine cloud brightening uses material that is already there.  We would just rearrange the size distribution of a very small fraction of it so as to put temperatures closer to where they

Re: [geo] A Model‐Based Investigation of Terrestrial Plant Carbon Uptake Response to Four Radiation Modification Approaches - Duan - 2020 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres - Wiley Online

Dear Bala  . . . .  However countries facing expensive damage from hurricanes and typhoons could measure surface temperatures  in surrounding seas and pay to have them reduced to more acceptable values.  I understand the 26.5 C is nice. Rough calculations appear to give extremely attractive

Re: [geo] First African SRM research paper

Andy Will they be doing anything about marine cloud brightening? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44 (0)131 662 1180 WWW.homepages.ed.ac.uk/shs, YouTube Jamie

Re: [geo] A Model‐Based Investigation of Terrestrial Plant Carbon Uptake Response to Four Radiation Modification Approaches - Duan - 2020 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres - Wiley Online

Hi All I have not yet found my way round the paywall but wondered if the paper takes account of a reduction of solar input over the sea affecting conditions for crops over land. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road,

[geo] Hot blob

Hi All The site https://maritime-executive.com/editorials/the-blob-could-raise-climate-change-s-impact-on-ne-pacific-fisheries has stuff about a hot blob messing up fish. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road,

Re: [geo] Personal sulfate budget

Hi All Given the present funding level for climate research could we all agree not to publish papers in any journal which does not allow free circulation? Failing that could we circulate everything to colleagues as a near final draft.  It could be very near with just one comma missing!

Re: [geo] 'Cloud brightening' won't have effect many are hoping for, scientists say | AccuWeather

Hi All The ignorance of the journalist is shown by the headline.  Cloud brightening, by definition, has to produce cooling except in the polar winter. Maybe what they meant was that sea salt particles will not always brighten clouds.  We knew that already from Alterskjaer and Kristjansson

Re: [geo] Personal sulfate budget

 . . . . and how would you get it back down if things got too cold because of another Tambora? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44 (0)131 662 1180

Re: [geo] From ENMOD to geoengineering: the environment as a weapon of war

consider these two very different categories of GTs in proposals that merge them together *–/ /as the resolution did/." Le jeu. 9 avr. 2020 à 12:30, Stephen Salter <mailto:s.sal...@ed.ac.uk>> a écrit : Hi All If a technique which was very likely to be harmless

Re: [geo] From ENMOD to geoengineering: the environment as a weapon of war

Hi All If a technique which was very likely to be harmless or even beneficial was being withheld, would that be a weapon of war? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk,

Re: [geo] Evaluating the efficacy and equity of environmental stopgap measures

@googlegroups.com *On Behalf Of *Stephen Salter *Sent:* Saturday, March 28, 2020 7:44 AM *To:* geoengineering@googlegroups.com; Holly J *Subject:* Re: [geo] Evaluating the efficacy and equity of environmental stopgap measures Hi All There would be a dramatic increase in the funding for solar

Re: [geo] Evaluating the efficacy and equity of environmental stopgap measures

Hi All There would be a dramatic increase in the funding for solar geoengineering if this paper was not behind a pay-wall. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44

Re: [geo] sulfate aerosol geoengineering modelled by solar dimming

Hi All But you also have to consider outgoing long wave radiation especially in winter. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44 (0)131 662 1180

[geo] Pine island Glacier bust

Hi All https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/02/antarctica-pine-island-glacier/ Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44 (0)131 650 5704, Cell 07795 203

Re: [geo] Weakening of the extratropical storm tracks in idealized solar geoengineering scenarios

Hi All Do the brown bits in figure S1 mean polar warming would be caused by solar dimming in all six models? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44 (0)131 650

Re: [geo] A Small Provision in the FY20 Spending Package Deserves a Much Bigger Discussion SHUCHI TALATI

Hi All Shame about no mention of the troposphere. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44 (0)131 662 1180 WWW.homepages.ed.ac.uk/shs, YouTube Jamie Taylor Power

[geo] Arctic sea route

Hi All The site https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/arctic/2019/12/moscow-adopts-15-year-grand-plan-northern-sea-route has stuff about what might, quite likely, happen with less Arctic ice. Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of

Re: [geo] CURRENT GEOENGINEERING PROPOSALS FOR THE POLAR REGIONS

Hi All I have sent a message to Anja Chalmin to ask if she would like to see calculations about the use of marine cloud brightening to save the Arctic ice.  On reasonable assumptions we would need fewer than 100 spray vessels operating for a month either side of the summer equinox in water

Re: [geo] Climate system response to stratospheric sulfate aerosols: sensitivity to altitude of aerosol layer

Hi All If higher altitudes give longer life and so lower spray quantities they also  give a slower frequency response, longer phase lag and a greater chance of being stuck with what you do not want such as reflecting energy back down during Arctic winters as pointed out by Jan-Egil

[geo] Who's Who od climate change denial

Hi All The site https://www.desmogblog.com/global-warming-denier-database has a useful collection of names and quite lengthy biographies of climate change deniers.  Information includes education, publications affiliations and donations. They are in alphabetical order with 19 names

[geo] Hot blobbery

Hi All Check out https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/interview-the-pacific-ocean-blob-returns This sound bad.   If only there was some way of target-cooling a particular sea area at short notice. Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering,

Re: [geo] Re: Green New Deal For Europe and Geoengineering

Hi All The GND Blueprint report contains a number of mistakes about marine cloud brightening.  A significant point is that not one of the 35 people who produced the report made any request for information at least to me. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of

Re: [geo] A Process Study on Thinning of Arctic Winter Cirrus Clouds With High‐Resolution ICON‐ART Simulations

Hi All The site reply.en...@reply.e.change.org  has a suggestion that hurricanes should be named after fossil fuel companies Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44

[geo] Glacier melt rate

Hi All If you thought that things were not quite as bad as all that check out

[geo] Arctic fires

Hi All The site https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/arctic-forest-fires-record/?utm_source=Iterable_medium=email_campaign=UK_26_July_2019_content_digest_alive has scary stuff about Arctic fires. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of

Re: [geo] Higher temperatures increase suicide rates in the United States and Mexico

Hi All The site https://www.desmog.co.uk/2019/07/25/boris-johnson-s-cabinet-most-anti-climate-action-ever has profiles of the new UK cabinet with regard to their views on climate change. This may be relevant to the suicide rate finding discussed below. Stephen Emeritus Professor of

Re: [geo] Do contrails warm or cool?

<http://www.tochallengethethinking.co.uk> www.pastureforlife.org <http://www.pastureforlife.org> On 15 Jul 2019, at 15:31, Stephen Salter <mailto:s.sal...@ed.ac.uk>> wrote: Alan 1.  The contrailscience site you give is an excellent source about detecting contrails bu

Re: [geo] Do contrails warm or cool?

Alan 1. How can you tell the difference between clear weather and no contrails? 2. Do contrails affect weather clarity? 3. Is there a reason why it was the clearest of clear weather for 30 years? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of

Re: [geo] RE: [CDR] blog 28, Elon Musk vs regenerative development // Elon Musk vs le développement de régénération

ess copied the version I use from one that David Keith was using, so it is hardly surprising that plenty of us have our own independent but very similar versions.) *From:*Robert Tulip *Sent:* Wednesday, July 10, 2019 9:35 PM *To:* Douglas MacMartin ; Andrew Lockley *Cc:* Stephen Sal

Re: [geo] RE: [CDR] blog 28, Elon Musk vs regenerative development // Elon Musk vs le développement de régénération

Hi All Zero emissions do not immediately mean zero temperature rises, especially if we have passed tipping points. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44 (0)131

Re: [geo] EDF - our position on geoengineering

Gernot Do you have an update?  Atmospheric CO2 concentrations are still accelerating. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44 (0)131 650 5704, Cell 07795 203 195,

Re: [geo] SRM sea level rise

Andrew The problem is a mix between melting ice from Greenland,  other glaciers and the Antarctic and a larger from effect the thermal expansion of the world's oceans.  This is amazingly complicated because the thermal expansion coefficient depends on salinity and pressure. My estimate is

Re: [geo] High Level Review of a Wide Range of Proposed Marine Geoengineering Techniques

Hi All Work on wave energy showed that the crests of waves would overtop horizontal cylinders with a low freeboard so that water would move over the cylinder and move it gracefully in the opposite direction of wave travel.  This will also happen with a ring or sections of a ring to maintain

[geo] Pompeo welcomes Arctic melt

Hi All The site https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-48185793 has a story about Mike Pompeo *welcoming* the melting of Arctic sea ice. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland

Re: [geo] Is solar geoengineering crazy, or just crazy enough to work?

Hi All How would reducing sea surface temperatures with marine cloud brightening *worsen* hurricanes? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44 (0)131 650 5704,

Re: [geo] Re: SRM optical impacts

Russell Some of my best friends are astronomers but few of them use telescopes in mid ocean so you and I can remain on good terms. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk,

[geo] UNEP Nairobi

Hi All The site https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/mar/18/us-and-saudi-arabia-blocking-regulation-of-geoengineering-sources-say has a report from UNEP Nairobi with lots from ETC. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh,

Re: [geo] Institutional Legitimacy and Geoengineering Governance: Ethics, Policy & Environment: Callies

Hi All We could also use the ideas on institutional legitimacy to regulate space junk, plastic waste disposal, excessive routine antibiotic use with life stock, bee-extermination, the use of helium for party balloons and unsolicited email. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design.

Re: [geo] Daniel Sutter: Politics and the economics of the Carbon Tax - Alabama Today

Hi All Is it very un-American to think about a ration for everyone with a tax coming in if you want to exceed your ration? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design. School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland s.sal...@ed.ac.uk, Tel +44

Re: [geo] Re: Generative adversarial networks

Andrew I did something similar to optimize the control of a wave energy generator in a 1/100 scale test tank.  We want to control forces on the model in three degrees of freedom, pitch heave and surge during the passage of a 51.2 second repeatable 'random' sea with 16 adjustments per second. 

Re: [geo] More on SRM governance

Florian Thank you for some common sense.  The computer models show that after the termination of solar radiation management normal conditions will return in about ten years.   Would objectors prefer a technology that could NEVER be reversed? A failure in electricity generation is serious in

Re: [geo] Re: [AMEG 12806] Re: Progress towards truth and appropriate action

John Got to http://ipcc.ch/report/sr15/ You can click on chapters  in the pane headed 'Document's in red. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design, School of Engineering, Mayfield Road, University of Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland On 10-Oct-18 5:34 PM, john gorman wrote: Thanks for

[geo] IPCC

Hi All http://report.ipcc.ch/sr15/pdf/sr15_spm_final.pdf There are three sentences on page SPM 16 Enjoy Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design, School of Engineering, Mayfield Road, University of Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body,

[geo] BBC hurricane programme

Hi All Tonight at 20:32 UK time  the BBC world service on radio has a programme about hurricane moderation. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW +44 (0)131 650 5704 -- The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body,

[geo] Hurricane moderation

Hi All I was asked to write something about hurricanes for a well known popular news outlet but they thought that it was too technical. However it might still be useful.   I hope that the ETC group can comment. The formation of a hurricane depends on many factors including atmospheric water

Re: [geo] MCB/cirrus stripping with particle accelerators

Hi All I cannot reconcile https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2016JA022689 with what Olivier says is the IPCC position without saying things which might annoy the IPCC. Can anyone else? Stephen On 19-Aug-18 5:48 PM, Andrew Lockley wrote: As discussed in my original

Re: [geo] MCB/cirrus stripping with particle accelerators

Andrew Check out www.europhysicsnews.org/articles/epn/pdf/2015/02/epn2015462p26.pdf Based on the Wilson cloud chamber I can believe that cosmic rays can do the same job at condensation nuclei. I also recall that they leave behind a chemical signature which lets you get historical cosmic

Re: [geo] paywalls

, someone has to pay for the publishing, and that’s either the authors or the readers. On Sun, Aug 5, 2018 at 5:35 AM, Stephen Salter <mailto:s.sal...@ed.ac.uk>> wrote: Hi All The turnover of Elsevier in 2017 was £2.478 billion. The profit was 36.8%. Suppose that nob

Re: [geo] paywalls

Hi All The turnover of Elsevier in 2017 was £2.478 billion. The profit was 36.8%. Suppose that nobody cited papers which appeared behind a paywall . . . . Stephen On 05/08/2018 01:47, Alan Robock wrote: Dear All, Yes, I support open access for all research already paid for by public

Re: [geo] 'Truly scary': researcher wants to brighten clouds to rescue the Great Barrier Reef

Hi All I did not understand the 15 million, the bit about the fan or which areas of the reef should be prioritised. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW +44 (0)131 650 5704 On 16/07/2018 08:13, Andrew Lockley wrote:

Re: [geo] Sea surface temperatures Japan other factors

en report to us afterwards how good the correlation was, THEN I would be impressed. Chris Burgoyne On 10/07/2018 12:38, Stephen Salter wrote: Hi All Following Cyril's link I found where you can do week-by-week steps over a year by single-clicking from the site

Re: [geo] Sea surface temperatures Japan

profit. The investment breaks even at year 2-4, is sustainably profitable thereafter, and retains substantial value in know-how and IP. Andrew On Mon, 9 Jul 2018, 10:04 Stephen Salter, <mailto:s.sal...@ed.ac.uk>> wrote: Dear Cyril Thank you. That is exactly what I

Re: [geo] Sea surface temperatures Japan

://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/cmb/sst_analysis/images/wkanomv2.png http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/cmb/sst_analysis/images/monanomv2.png 2018-07-08 23:07 GMT+01:00 Stephen Salter <mailto:s.sal...@ed.ac.uk>>: Hi All This could be a smoking gun. Image result for Sea surface te

Re: [geo] Sea surface temperatures Japan

Hi All This could be a smoking gun. Image result for Sea surface temperature anomaly Japan Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW +44 (0)131 650 5704 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups

[geo] Sea surface temperatures Japan

Hi All Can any kind climate person point me to recent sea surface round Japan? Did any models to predict the heavy rain? If so, can we run the models again with lower tempertures? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW +44

Re: [geo] (really quite astonishing) Tweet from Dr Naomi Wolf (@naomirwolf)

o send her papers about our work and its environmental impacts. Stephen Salter On 23/06/2018 19:14, Andrew Lockley wrote: This twitter fisticuffs between David Keith and Naomi Wolf is worth looking at. She's a twitter-verified (62k), multi-bestselling author making some utterly outl

[geo] Mono-disperse spray?

Hi all The Altersjkær and Kristjansson 2013 paper at doi:10.1029/2012GL054286 showed that while marine cloud brightening with accumulation mode spray worked well for cooling, drop sizes in both the Aitken and coarse modes worked in the wrong way.  We hope that our spray generation method will

[geo] Sea level rise

Hi All I sent you some calculations about the number of spray vessels needed to stop sea level rise.  It gave the ratio of the cooling power needed to the total US electrical generation capacity as 543, which I found surprisingly high. From the latest BP world energy statistics which you

Re: [geo] Sea level

see where you estimate the production cost and the overall power requirements to carry out the task, but I can’t find the number of vessels required. Could you please point me to the page/location? thank you Jamais Cascio On Jun 13, 2018, at 7:54 AM, Stephen Salter wrote: Hi All I attach

Re: [geo] Gerrard and Hester 2018 Climate Engineering and the Law.pdf

Hi All The section on marine cloud brightening is far more accurate than any of the other papers written by ethicists.  One can tell that people have been doing some reading. However the mention of 45,000 kilograms of spray a second to offset current anthropogenic carbon emissions may be

Re: [geo] ACPD - The climate effects of increasing ocean albedo: An idealized representation of solar geoengineering

Hi All Am I correct in assuming that the marine cloud brightening being modelled is steady through the year over all oceans with no variation relative to monsoons? Oreopoulos 2008 figure 4b does show that the very most susceptibility is indeed at the Eastern side of large oceans but also

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