Of all the functions in `git_config*()` family, `git_config()` has the
most invocations in the whole code base. Each `git_config()` invocation
causes config file rereads which can be avoided using the config-set API.

Use the config-set API to rewrite `git_config()` to use the config caching
layer to avoid config file rereads on each invocation during a git process
lifetime. First invocation constructs the cache, and after that for each
successive invocation, `git_config()` feeds values from the config cache
instead of rereading the configuration files.

Signed-off-by: Tanay Abhra <tanay...@gmail.com>
---
 cache.h                 | 24 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 config.c                | 51 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 t/t4055-diff-context.sh |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 68 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index 89a0d51..2693a37 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "gettext.h"
 #include "convert.h"
 #include "trace.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 #include SHA1_HEADER
 #ifndef git_SHA_CTX
@@ -1351,9 +1352,32 @@ extern int parse_config_key(const char *var,
                            const char **subsection, int *subsection_len,
                            const char **key);
 
+struct config_set_element {
+       struct hashmap_entry ent;
+       char *key;
+       struct string_list value_list;
+};
+
+struct configset_list_item {
+       struct config_set_element *e;
+       int value_index;
+};
+
+/*
+ * the contents of the list are ordered according to their
+ * position in the config files and order of parsing the files.
+ * (i.e. key-value pair at the last position of .git/config will
+ * be at the last item of the list)
+ */
+struct configset_list {
+       struct configset_list_item *items;
+       unsigned int nr, alloc;
+};
+
 struct config_set {
        struct hashmap config_hash;
        int hash_initialized;
+       struct configset_list list;
 };
 
 extern void git_configset_init(struct config_set *cs);
diff --git a/config.c b/config.c
index 5ae9ab0..427850a 100644
--- a/config.c
+++ b/config.c
@@ -35,12 +35,6 @@ struct config_source {
        long (*do_ftell)(struct config_source *c);
 };
 
-struct config_set_element {
-       struct hashmap_entry ent;
-       char *key;
-       struct string_list value_list;
-};
-
 static struct config_source *cf;
 
 static int zlib_compression_seen;
@@ -1230,7 +1224,7 @@ int git_config_with_options(config_fn_t fn, void *data,
        return ret;
 }
 
-void git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+static void git_config_raw(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 {
        if (git_config_with_options(fn, data, NULL, 1) < 0)
                /*
@@ -1247,6 +1241,33 @@ void git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
                die(_("unknown error occured while reading the configuration 
files"));
 }
 
+static void configset_iter(struct config_set *cs, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+{
+       int i, value_index;
+       struct string_list *values;
+       struct config_set_element *entry;
+       struct configset_list *list = &cs->list;
+       struct key_value_info *kv_info;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
+               entry = list->items[i].e;
+               value_index = list->items[i].value_index;
+               values = &entry->value_list;
+               if (fn(entry->key, values->items[value_index].string, data) < 
0) {
+                       kv_info = values->items[value_index].util;
+                       git_die_config_linenr(entry->key, kv_info->filename, 
kv_info->linenr);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static void git_config_check_init(void);
+
+void git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+{
+       git_config_check_init();
+       configset_iter(&the_config_set, fn, data);
+}
+
 static struct config_set_element *configset_find_element(struct config_set 
*cs, const char *key)
 {
        struct config_set_element k;
@@ -1273,6 +1294,7 @@ static int configset_add_value(struct config_set *cs, 
const char *key, const cha
 {
        struct config_set_element *e;
        struct string_list_item *si;
+       struct configset_list_item *l_item;
        struct key_value_info *kv_info = xmalloc(sizeof(*kv_info));
 
        e = configset_find_element(cs, key);
@@ -1288,6 +1310,12 @@ static int configset_add_value(struct config_set *cs, 
const char *key, const cha
                hashmap_add(&cs->config_hash, e);
        }
        si = string_list_append_nodup(&e->value_list, value ? xstrdup(value) : 
NULL);
+
+       ALLOC_GROW(cs->list.items, cs->list.nr + 1, cs->list.alloc);
+       l_item = &cs->list.items[cs->list.nr++];
+       l_item->e = e;
+       l_item->value_index = e->value_list.nr - 1;
+
        if (cf) {
                kv_info->filename = strintern(cf->name);
                kv_info->linenr = cf->linenr;
@@ -1311,6 +1339,9 @@ void git_configset_init(struct config_set *cs)
 {
        hashmap_init(&cs->config_hash, (hashmap_cmp_fn)config_set_element_cmp, 
0);
        cs->hash_initialized = 1;
+       cs->list.nr = 0;
+       cs->list.alloc = 0;
+       cs->list.items = NULL;
 }
 
 void git_configset_clear(struct config_set *cs)
@@ -1327,6 +1358,10 @@ void git_configset_clear(struct config_set *cs)
        }
        hashmap_free(&cs->config_hash, 1);
        cs->hash_initialized = 0;
+       free(cs->list.items);
+       cs->list.nr = 0;
+       cs->list.alloc = 0;
+       cs->list.items = NULL;
 }
 
 static int config_set_callback(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
@@ -1445,7 +1480,7 @@ static void git_config_check_init(void)
        if (the_config_set.hash_initialized)
                return;
        git_configset_init(&the_config_set);
-       git_config(config_set_callback, &the_config_set);
+       git_config_raw(config_set_callback, &the_config_set);
 }
 
 void git_config_clear(void)
diff --git a/t/t4055-diff-context.sh b/t/t4055-diff-context.sh
index cd04543..741e080 100755
--- a/t/t4055-diff-context.sh
+++ b/t/t4055-diff-context.sh
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ test_expect_success 'non-integer config parsing' '
 test_expect_success 'negative integer config parsing' '
        git config diff.context -1 &&
        test_must_fail git diff 2>output &&
-       test_i18ngrep "bad config file" output
+       test_i18ngrep "bad config variable" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success '-U0 is valid, so is diff.context=0' '
-- 
1.9.0.GIT

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