I don't seem to have advertised the python.el support for Python 3 I did some time ago, but the previous implementation with separate major modes for the language versions turned out to be unfortunate. In this version the major mode is always `python-mode', but you can still use `python-2-mode' and `python-3-mode' in file-local variables. The support for the inferior shell works with version 2 or 3 interpreters.
It's often said, without good justification I've heard, that this is somehow bad compared with the old python-mode.el. I'll try to address reports of actual bugs or missing features that aren't inappropriate to include, as discussed in the commentary. An Emacs 21 version is at http://www.loveshack.ukfsn.org/emacs/python-21.el.
python.el.gz
Description: GNU Zip compressed data
"""Definitions used by commands sent to inferior Python in python.el.""" # Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # Author: Dave Love <f...@gnu.org> # This file is part of GNU Emacs. # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. # $Revision: 1.17 $ import os, sys, traceback, inspect, keyword ### Python 2.3 compatibility # Python 2.3 doesn't have `set'. Avoid a warning in Python 2.6 or # error in 3.0. (We can't put the import in a conditional block to # avoid the warning.) try: set except: from sets import Set as set # Python 2.3 ### Python 2/3 compatibility # According to the Python doc, you're meant to maintain separate # version 2 and version 3 files, deriving the latter from the former # with `2to3'. However, we have a dynamic language, and using # compatibility functions like this is more maintainable once you've # fixed the things 2to3 complains about that aren't syntax errors. # Use the Python 3 function, if available. if not keyword.iskeyword ("print"): # Python 3 # This avoids syntax errors in Python 2. printit = eval ("print") execit = eval ("exec") else: # Python 2 # execit eval (compile (""" def execit (string, dict = None): "Compatibility with Python 3's `exec' for Python 2." if dict: exec string in dict else: exec string """,'emacs.py','single')) # printit eval (compile (""" def printit (obj, end = '\\n'): "Partial compatibility with Python 3's `print' for Python 2." if end == ' ': print obj, elif end == '\\n': print obj else: # Not really right because of the trailing space, but not # called such that that matters. print '%s%s' % (obj, end), """, 'emacs.py', 'single')) ### main code __all__ = ["eexecfile", "eargs", "complete", "ehelp", "eimport", "modpath", "location_of"] def eexecfile (file): """Execute FILE and then remove it. If we get an exception, print a traceback with the top frame (ourselves) excluded.""" import __main__ try: try: # Note that the file is closed by the (quasi-?) GC since # there's no reference to it kept. execit (open(file).read(), __main__.__dict__) except: (etype, value, tb) = sys.exc_info () # Lose the stack frame for this location and for execit. tb = tb.tb_next.tb_next if tb is None: # print_exception won't do it printit ("Traceback (most recent call last):") traceback.print_exception (etype, value, tb) finally: try: os.remove (file) except: pass # e.g. file not found, but shouldn't happen def eargs (name, imports): """Get arglist of NAME for Eldoc &c. Exec IMPORTS first.""" try: try: # don't give up if the imports fail if imports: execit (imports) parts = name.split ('.') if len (parts) > 1: execit ('import ' + parts[0]) except: pass func = eval (name) if inspect.isbuiltin (func) or inspect.isclass (func): doc = func.__doc__ if doc.find (' ->') != -1: printit ('_emacs_out ' + doc.split (' ->')[0]) elif doc.find ('\n') != -1: printit ('_emacs_out ' + doc.split ('\n')[0]) else: raise RuntimeError return if inspect.ismethod (func): try: func = func.im_func # Python 2 except: func = func.__func__ # Python 3 if not inspect.isfunction (func): raise RuntimeError (args, varargs, varkw, defaults) = inspect.getargspec (func) # No space between name and arglist for consistency with builtins. printit ('_emacs_out ' + \ func.__name__ + \ inspect.formatargspec (args, varargs, varkw, defaults)) except: printit ('_emacs_out ') def all_names (object): """Return (an approximation to) a list of all possible attribute names reachable via the attributes of OBJECT, i.e. roughly the leaves of the dictionary tree under it.""" def do_object (object, names): if inspect.ismodule (object): do_module (object, names) elif inspect.isclass (object): do_class (object, names) # Might have an object without its class in scope. elif hasattr (object, '__class__'): names.add ('__class__') do_class (object.__class__, names) # Probably not a good idea to try to enumerate arbitrary # dictionaries... return names def do_module (module, names): if hasattr (module, '__all__'): # limited export list names.update (module.__all__) for i in module.__all__: do_object (getattr (module, i), names) else: # use all names names.update (dir (module)) for i in dir (module): do_object (getattr (module, i), names) return names def do_class (object, names): names.update (dir (object)) if hasattr (object, '__bases__'): # superclasses for i in object.__bases__: do_object (i, names) return names return do_object (object, set ([])) # Fixme: Should do multiple dotted components -- see rlcompleter. def complete (name, imports): """Complete NAME and print a Lisp list of completions. Exec IMPORTS first.""" import __main__ def class_members (object): names = dir (object) if hasattr (object, '__bases__'): for superc in object.__bases__: names = class_members (superc) return names names = set ([]) base = None try: dic = __main__.__dict__.copy() if imports: try: execit (imports, dic) except: pass l = len (name) dot = name.rfind ('.') if dot == -1: for elts in [__builtins__, keyword.kwlist, list (dic.keys())]: # `list' for Python 3 for elt in elts: if elt[:l] == name: names.add (elt) else: base = name[:dot] name = name[dot+1:] try: obj = eval (base, dic) names = set (dir (obj)) if hasattr (obj, '__class__'): names.add ('__class__') names.update (class_members (obj)) except: names = all_names (dic) except: return [] l = len (name) printit ('_emacs_out (', end=' ') for n in names: if name == n[:l]: if base: printit ('"%s.%s"' % (base, n), end = ' ') else: printit ('"%s"' % n, end = ' ') printit (')') # Fixme: This could try to look up methods/attributes applied to # variables by generating possibilities like the completion code. The # trouble is that could be misleading if it gets the wrong one. def ehelp (name, imports): """Get help on string NAME. First try to eval name, e.g. for user definitions where we need the object. Otherwise try the string form. Exec IMPORTS first.""" locls = {} if imports: try: execit (imports, locls) except: pass try: help (eval (name, globals (), locls)) except: help (name) def eimport (mod, dir): """Import module MOD with directory DIR at the head of the search path. NB doesn't load from DIR if MOD shadows a system module.""" from __main__ import __dict__ path0 = sys.path[0] # will be '' sys.path[0] = dir try: try: if mod in __dict__ and inspect.ismodule (__dict__[mod]): reload (__dict__[mod]) else: __dict__[mod] = __import__ (mod) except: (etype, value, tb) = sys.exc_info () printit ("Traceback (most recent call last):") traceback.print_exception (etype, value, tb.tb_next) finally: sys.path[0] = path0 def modpath (module): """Get the source file for the given MODULE (or nil).""" locls = {} try: __import__ (module) printit ("_emacs_out " + \ inspect.getsourcefile (eval (module, globals (), locls))) except: printit ("_emacs_out ()") def location_of (name, imports): """Get location at which NAME is defined (or nil). Provides a pair (PATH, LINE), where LINE is the start of the definition in path name PATH. Exec IMPORTS first.""" locls = {} if imports: try: execit (imports, locls) except: pass try: obj = eval (name, globals (), locls) # Bug: (in Python 2.5) `getsourcefile' only works with modules, # hence the `getmodule' here. srcfile = inspect.getsourcefile (inspect.getmodule (obj)) _, line = inspect.getsourcelines (obj) printit ('_emacs_out ("%s" . %d)' % (srcfile, line)) except: printit ("_emacs_out ()") # print '_emacs_ok' # ready for input and can call continuation # arch-tag: d90408f3-90e2-4de4-99c2-6eb9c7b9ca46
-*-text-*-
* Revision 1.29 (emacs.py 1.17, python-21.el 1.77)
* Change the mechanism for Python2/Python3: `python-2-mode' and
`python-3-mode' are no longer proper major modes, but just invoke
`python-mode' with `python-default-version' bound appropriately.
Thus you can use, say, python-3-mode in file-local variables, but
`major-mode' is always `python-mode' to avoid breaking things
which test `major-mode'.
* Bug fixes:
* Allow trailing comments on outline headings.
* `python-load-file' produces a stack trace with the file name.
* Revision 1.25 (emacs.py 1.16, python-21.el 1.73)
* Fix hideshow to work with the new major modes, and make it
consistent with outlining.
* Revision 1.24 (emacs.py 1.16, python-21.el 1.72)
* Flymake support (via `python-check-command').
* Bug/infelicity fixes:
* Error with backslash-continued line inside parens.
* Allow "else" after "finally".
* Set `comment-start-skip', `local-abbrev-table'.
* Allow non-ASCII ids with Eldoc.
* `python-process-kill-without-query' allows silent killing of
inferior process.
* Avoid possible bad indentation of try block clauses.
* Revision 1.18 (emacs.py 1.16, python-21.el 1.66)
* Support for Python 3:
* New modes, `python-3-mode' and `python-2-mode'. `python-mode'
changed just to invoke the one determined by
`python-default-version'.
* emacs.py should work with python 2.3 up. (Only 2.5 and 3.0
tested.)
* Bug fixes:
* Completion works again in python 2.4 up.
* `python-beginning-of-block' moves to the beginning properly when
point is in the first statement of an outer block.
* `python-mark-block' is more sensible because of the above.
* `python-mark-block' doesn't push marks or deactivate the region
if it doesn't find a block.
* `indent-tabs-mode' is now normally nil -- Python 3 objects to
typical mixed tab/space indentation otherwise. The indentation
isn't guessed if it's set file-locally.
* Avoid error in `python-find-function'.
* Try harder to find Info files for info-look.
* Customizing `python-python-command' updates things which depend
on it.
* Fix Imenu finding nested definitions.
* Fix python-beginning-of-defun with nested definitions.
* Other changes
* Imenu generation is sanitized: class names are indicated by a
suffix, not a prefix; sorting is sorted; the default
`imenu-sort-function' gives an overall order of module variables,
class definitions, and function definitions.
* In Emacs 21, bind C-M-h and C-x n d usefully to work around
problems with normal bindings.
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