Anatoli Tubman wrote: T> How can I *efficiently* print (i.e. find the decimal, or in T> general N-ary, representation of) large Integers, like factorial of 10000? Lennart Augustsson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> replied A> Use hbc? It uses the gmp routine to convert an Integer to a String. A> Converting 10000! to a String takes much less time than computing it. The cost of computing N-ary digit(s) of some f(n) may change in many times, depending on what special method is applied for the given f. Consider, for example, 8-ary digits for 2^n. They cost almost nothing. Probably, the initial question concerns mathematics rather than programming, or a programming tool choice. ------------------ Sergey Mechveliani [EMAIL PROTECTED]