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>To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>From: "Umm Ziyaad" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Date: Sun, 25 Mar 2001 09:05:02 -0000
>Subject: [islah-net] The Virtues of Allah's sacred month of Muharram and Fasting on
>'Aashoora'
>
>
>The Virtues of Allah?s sacred month of Muharram and Fasting on
>----------------------------------------------------------------
>?Aashooraa?
>------------
>
>
>"What are the virtues of the month of Muharram and fasting 'Aashooraa'?"
>
>
>
>Praise be to Allaah,
>
>the Lord of the Worlds, and peace and blessings be upon our Prophet
>Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets and Chief of the Messengers, and
>upon all his family and companions.
>
>Allah?s sacred month of Muharram is a blessed and important month. It
>is the first month of the Hijri calendar and is one of the four sacred
>months concerning which Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
>
>?Verily, the number of months with Allaah is twelve months (in a
>year), so it was ordained by Allaah on the Day when He created the
>heavens and the earth; of them, four are sacred. That is the right
>religion, so wrong not yourselves therein?? [al-Tawbah 9:36]
>
>Abu Bakrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet
>(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: ?The year is twelve
>months of which four are sacred, the three consecutive months of
>Dhu?l-Qa?dah, Dhu?l-Hijjah and Muharram, and Rajab Mudar which comes
>between Jumaada and Sha?baan.? (Reported by al-Bukhaari, 2958).
>
>Muharram is so called because it is a sacred (muharram) month and to
>confirm its sanctity.
>
>Allaah?s words (interpretation of the meaning): ?so wrong not
>yourselves therein?? mean do not wrong yourselves in these sacred
>months, because sin in these months is worse than in other months.
>
>It was reported that Ibn ?Abbaas said that this phrase (so wrong not
>yourselves therein?) referred to all the months, then these four were
>singled out and made sacred, so that sin in these months is more
>serious and good deeds bring a greater reward.
>
>Qutaadah said concerning this phrase (so wrong not yourselves
>therein?) that wrongdoing during the sacred months is more serious and
>more sinful that wrongdoing at any other time. Wrongdoing at any time
>is a serious matter, but Allaah gives more weight to whichever of His
>commands He will. Allaah has chosen certain ones of His creation. He
>has chosen from among the angels Messengers and from among mankind
>Messengers. He chose from among speech the remembrance of Him (dhikr).
>He chose from among the earth the mosques, from among the months
>Ramadaan and the sacred months, from among the days Friday and from
>among the nights Laylat al-Qadr, so venerate that which Allaah has
>told us to venerate. People of understanding and wisdom venerate the
>things that Allaah has told us to venerate. (Summarized from the
>Tafseer of Ibn Katheer, may Allaah have mercy on him. Tafseer of Surat
>al-Tawbah, aayah 36).
>
>The Virtue of observing more naafil fasts during Muharram.
>
>Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: ?The Messenger of
>Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: ?The best of
>fasting after Ramadaan is fasting Allaah?s month of Muharram.??
>(reported by Muslim, 1982).
>
>The phrase ?Allaah?s month?, connecting the name of the month to the
>name of Allaah in a genitive grammatical structure, signifies the
>importance of the month. Al-Qaari said: ?The apparent meaning is all
>of the month of Muharram.? But it was proven that the Prophet (peace
>and blessings of Allaah be upon him) never fasted any whole month
>apart from Ramadan, so this hadeeth is probably meant to encourage
>increasing one?s fasting during Muharram, without meaning that one
>should fast for the entire month.
>
>It was reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be
>upon him) used to fast more in Sha?baan. It is likely that the virtue
>of Muharram was not revealed to him until the end of his life, before
>he was able to fast during this month. (Sharh al-Nawawi ?ala Saheeh
>Muslim).
>
>Allaah chooses whatever times and places He wills
>
>Al-?Izz ibn ?Abd al-Salaam (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: ?Times
>and places may be given preferred status in two ways, either temporal
>or religious/spiritual. With regard to the latter, this is because
>Allaah bestows His generosity on His slaves at those times or in those
>places, by giving a greater reward for deeds done, such as giving a
>greater reward for fasting in Ramadaan than for fasting at all other
>times, and also on the day of ?Aashooraa?, the virtue of which is due
>to Allaah?s generosity and kindness towards His slaves on that day??
>(Qawaa?id al-Ahkaam, 1/38).
>
>?Aashooraa? in History
>
>Ibn ?Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: ?The Prophet (peace
>and blessings of Allaah be upon him) came to Madeenah and saw the Jews
>fasting on the day of ?Aashooraa?. He said, ?What is this?? They said,
>?This is a righteous day, it is the day when Allaah saved the Children
>of Israel from their enemies, so Moosa fasted on this day.? He said,
>?We have more right to Moosa than you,? so he fasted on that day and
>commanded [the Muslims] to fast on that day.? (Reported by
>al-Bukhaari, 1865).
>
>?This is a righteous day? ? in a report narrated by Muslim, [the Jews
>said:] ?This is a great day, on which Allaah saved Moosa and his
>people, and drowned Pharaoh and his people.?
>
>?Moosa fasted on this day? ? a report narrated by Muslim adds: ?? in
>thanksgiving to Allaah, so we fast on this day.?
>
>According to a report narrated by al-Bukhaari: ?? so we fast on this
>day to venerate it.?
>
>A version narrated by Imaam Ahmad adds: ?This is the day on which the
>Ark settled on Mount Joodi, so Nooh fasted this day in thanksgiving.?
>
>?and commanded [the Muslims] to fast on that day? ? according to
>another report also narrated by al-Bukhaari: ?He said to his
>Companions: ?You have more right to Moosa than they do, so fast on
>that day.?
>
>The practice of fasting on ?Aashooraa? was known even in the days of
>Jaahiliyyah, before the Prophet?s mission. It was reported that
>?Aa?ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) said: ?The people of
>Jaahiliyyah used to fast on that day??
>
>Al-Qurtubi said: ?Perhaps Quraysh used to fast on that day on the
>basis of some past law, such as that of Ibraaheem, upon whom be peace.?
>
>It was also reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah
>be upon him) used to fast on ?Aashooraa? in Makkah, before he migrated
>to Madeenah. When he migrated to Madeenah, he found the Jews
>celebrating this day, so he asked them why, and they replied as
>described in the hadeeth quoted above. He commanded the Muslims to be
>different from the Jews, who took it as a festival, as was reported in
>the hadeeth of Abu Moosa (may Allaah be pleased with him), who said:
>?The Jews used to take the day of ?Aashooraa? as a festival [according
>to a report narrated by Muslim: the day of ?Aashooraa? was venerated
>by the Jews, who took it as a festival. According to another report
>also narrated by Muslim: the people of Khaybar (the Jews) used to take
>it as a festival and their women would wear their jewellery and
>symbols on that day]. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be
>upon him) said: ?So you [Muslims] should fast on that day.?? (Reported
>by al-Bukhaari). Apparently the motive for commanding the Muslims to
>fast on this day was the desire to be different from the Jews, so that
>the Muslims would fast when the Jews did not, because people do not
>fast on a day of celebration. (Summarized from the words of al-Haafiz
>Ibn Hajar ? may Allaah have mercy on him ? in Fath al-Baari Sharh ?ala
>Saheeh al-Bukhaari).
>
>Fasting on ?Aashooraa? was a gradual step in the process of
>introducing fasting as a prescribed obligation in Islam. Fasting
>appeared in three forms. When the Messenger of Allaah (peace and
>blessings of Allaah be upon him) came to Madeenah, he told the Muslims
>to fast on three days of every month and on the day of ?Aashooraa?,
>then Allaah made fasting obligatory when He said (interpretation of
>the meaning): ?? observing the fasting is prescribed for you??
>[al-Baqarah 2:183] (Ahkaam al-Qur?aan by al-Jassas, part 1).
>
>The obligation was transferred from the fast of ?Aashooraa? to the
>fast of Ramadaan, and this one of the proofs in the field of Usool
>al-Fiqh that it is possible to abrogate a lighter duty in favour of a
>heavier duty.
>
>Before the obligation of fasting ?Aashooraa? was abrogated, fasting on
>this day was obligatory, as can be seen from the clear command to
>observe this fast. Then it was further confirmed later on, then
>reaffirmed by making it a general command addressed to everybody, and
>once again by instructing mothers not to breastfeed their infants
>during this fast. It was reported from Ibn Mas?ood that when fasting
>Ramadaan was made obligatory, the obligation to fast ?Aashooraa? was
>lifted, i.e., it was no longer obligatory to fast on this day, but it
>is still desirable (mustahabb).
>
>The virtues of fasting ?Aashooraa?
>
>Ibn ?Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with them both) said: ?I never saw
>the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) so
>keen to fast any day and give it priority over any other than this
>day, the day of ?Aashooraa?, and this month, meaning Ramadaan.?
>(Reported by al-Bukhaari, 1867).
>
>The meaning of his being keen was that he intended to fast on that day
>in the hope of earning the reward for doing so.
>
>The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: ?For
>fasting the day of ?Aashooraa?, I hope that Allaah will accept it as
>expiation for the year that went before.? (Reported by Muslim, 1976).
>This is from the bounty of Allaah towards us: for fasting one day He
>gives us expiation for the sins of a whole year. And Allaah is the
>Owner of Great Bounty.
>
>Which day is ?Aashooraa??
>
>Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: ? ?Aashooraa? and
>Taasoo?aa? are two elongated names [the vowels are elongated] as is
>stated in books on the Arabic language. Our companions said:
>?Aashooraa? is the tenth day of Muharram and Taasoo?aa? is the ninth
>day. This is our opinion, and that of the majority of scholars. This
>is the apparent meaning of the ahaadeeth and is what we understand
>from the general wording. It is also what is usually understood by
>scholars of the language.? (al-Majmoo?)
>
>?Aashooraa? is an Islamic name that was not known at the time of
>Jaahiliyyah. (Kashshaaf al-Qinaa?, part 2, Sawm Muharram).
>
>Ibn Qudaamah (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
>
>? ?Aashooraa? is the tenth day of Muharram. This is the opinion of
>Sa?eed ibn al-Musayyib and al-Hasan. It was what was reported by Ibn
>?Abbaas, who said: ?The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of
>Allaah be upon him) commanded us to fast ?Aashooraa?, the tenth day of
>Muharram.? (Reported by al-Tirmidhi, who said, a saheeh hasan
>hadeeth). It was reported that Ibn ?Abbaas said: ?The ninth,? and
>reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
>used to fast the ninth. (Reported by Muslim). ?Ataa? reported that he
>said, ?Fast the ninth and the tenth, and do not be like the Jews.? If
>this is understood, we can say on this basis that it is mustahabb
>(encouraged) to fast on the ninth and the tenth, for that reason. This
>is what Ahmad said, and it is the opinion of Ishaaq.?
>
>It is mustahabb (encouraged) to fast Taasoo?aa? with ?Aashooraa?
>
>?Abd-Allaah ibn ?Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with them both) said:
>?When the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
>him) fasted on ?Aashooraa? and commanded the Muslims to fast as well,
>they said, ?O Messenger of Allaah, it is a day that is venerated by
>the Jews and Christians.? The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings
>of Allaah be upon him) said, ?If I live to see the next year, in sha
>Allaah, we will fast on the ninth day too.? But it so happened that
>the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
>passed away before the next year came.? (Reported by Muslim, 1916).
>
>Al-Shaafa'i and his companions, Ahmad, Ishaaq and others said: ?It is
>mustahabb to fast on both the ninth and tenth days, because the
>Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) fasted on the
>tenth, and intended to fast on the ninth.?
>
>On this basis it may be said that there are varying degrees of fasting
>?Aashooraa?, the least of which is to fast only on the tenth and the
>best of which is to fast the ninth as well. The more one fasts in
>Muharram, the better it is.
>
>The reason why it is mustahabb to fast on Taasoo?aa?
>
>Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: ?The scholars ? our
>companions and others ? mentioned several reasons why it is mustahabb
>to fast on Taasoo?aa?:
>
>the intention behind it is to be different from the Jews, who only
>venerate the tenth day. This opinion was reported from Ibn ?Abbaas?
>
>the intention is to add another day?s fast to ?Aashooraa?. This is
>akin to the prohibition on fasting a Friday by itself, as was
>mentioned by al-Khattaabi and others.
>
>To be on the safe side and make sure that one fasts on the tenth, in
>case there is some error in sighting the crescent moon at the
>beginning of Muharram and the ninth is in fact the tenth.?
>
>The strongest of these reasons is being different from the People of
>the Book. Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him)
>said: ?The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) forbade
>imitating the People of the Book in many ahaadeeth, for example, his
>words concerning ?Aashooraa?: ?If I live until the next year, I will
>certainly fast on the ninth day.?? (al-Fataawa al-Kubra, part 6, Sadd
>al-Dharaa?i? al-Mufdiyah ila?l-Mahaarim )
>
>Ibn Hajar (may Allaah be pleased with him) said in his commentary on
>the hadeeth ?If I live until the next year, I will certainly fast on
>the ninth day?: ?What he meant by fasting on the ninth day was
>probably not that he would limit himself to that day, but would add it
>to the tenth, either to be on the safe side or to be different from
>the Jews and Christians, which is more likely. This is also what we
>can understand from some of the reports narrated by Muslim.? (Fath,
>4/245).
>
>Ruling on fasting only on the day of ?Aashooraa?
>
>Shaykh al-Islam said: ?Fasting on the day of ?Aashoraa? is an
>expiation for a year, and it is not makrooh to fast only that day??
>(al-Fataawa al-Kubra, part 5). In Tuhfat al-Muhtaaj by Ibn Hajar
>al-Haytami, it says: ?There is nothing wrong with fasting only on
>?Aashooraa?.? (part 3, Baab Sawm al-Tatawwu?).
>
>Fasting on ?Aashooraa? even if it is a Saturday or a Friday
>
>Al-Tahhaawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: ?The Messenger of
>Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) allowed us to fast
>on ?Aashooraa? and urged us to do so. He did not say that if it falls
>on a Saturday we should not fast. This is evidence that all days of
>the week are included in this. In our view ? and Allaah knows best ?
>it could be the case that even if this is true (that it is not allowed
>to fast on Saturdays), it is so that we do not venerate this day and
>refrain from food, drink and intercourse, as the Jews do. As for the
>one who fasts on a Saturday without intending to venerate it, and does
>not do so because the Jews regard it as blessed, then this is not
>makrooh?? (Mushkil al-Aathaar, part 2, Baab Sawm Yawm al-Sabt).
>
>The author of al-Minhaaj said: ? ?It is disliked (makrooh) to fast on
>a Friday alone?? But it is no longer makrooh if you add another day to
>it, as mentioned in the saheeh report to that effect. A person may
>fast on a Friday if it coincides with his habitual fast, or he is
>fasting in fulfilment of a vow, or he is making up an obligatory fast
>that he has missed, as was stated in a saheeh report.?
>
>Al-Shaarih said in Tuhfat al-Muhtaaj:
>
>? ?If it coincides with his habitual fast? ? i.e., such as if he fasts
>alternate days, and a day that he fasts happens to be a Friday.
>
>? if he is fasting in fulfilment of a vow, etc.? ? this also applies
>to fasting on days prescribed in sharee?ah, such as ?Aashooraa? or
>?Arafaah. (Tuhfat al-Muhtaaj, part 3, Baab Sawm al-Tatawwu?)
>
>Al-Bahooti (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: ?It is makrooh to
>deliberately single out a Saturday for fasting, because of the hadeeth
>of ?Abd-Allaah ibn Bishr, who reported from his sister: ?Do not fast
>on Saturdays except in the case of obligatory fasts? (reported by
>Ahmad with a jayyid isnaad and by al-Haakim, who said: according to
>the conditions of al-Bukhaari), and because it is a day that is
>venerated by the Jews, so singling it out for fasting means being like
>them? except when a Friday or Saturday coincides with a day when
>Muslims habitually fast, such as when it coincides with the day of
>?Arafaah or the day of ?Aashooraa?, and a person has the habit of
>fasting on these days, in which case it is not makrooh, because a
>person?s habit carries some weight.? (Kashshaaf al-Qinaa?, part 2,
>Baab Sawm al-Tatawwu?).
>
>What should be done if there is confusion about the beginning of the
>month?
>
>Ahmad said: ?If there is confusion about the beginning of the month,
>one should fast for three days, to be sure of fasting on the ninth and
>tenth days.? (al-Mughni by Ibn Qudaamah, part 3 ? al-Siyaam ? Siyaam
>?Aashooraa?).
>
>If a person does not know when Muharram began, and he wants to be sure
>of fasting on the tenth, he should assume that Dhoo?l-Hijjah was
>thirty days ? as is the usual rule ? and should fast on the ninth and
>tenth. Whoever wants to be sure of fasting the ninth as well should
>fast the eight, ninth and tenth (then if Dhoo?l-Hijjah was twenty-nine
>days, he can be sure of having fasted Taasoo?aa? and ?Aashooraa?).
>
>But given that fasting on ?Aashooraa? is mustahabb rather than waajib,
>people are not commanded to look for the crescent of the new moon of
>Muharram as they are to do in the case of Ramadaan and Shawwaal.
>
>Fasting ?Aashooraa? ? for what does it offer expiation?
>
>Imaam al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
>
>?It expiates for all minor sins, i.e., it brings forgiveness of all
>sins except major sins.?
>
>Then he said (may Allaah have mercy on him):
>
>?Fasting the day of ?Arafaah expiates for two years, and the day of
>?Aashooraa? expiates for one year. If when a person says ?Aameen? it
>coincides with the ?Aameen? of the angels, he will be forgiven all his
>previous sins? Each one of the things that we have mentioned will
>bring expiation. If there are minor sins for which expiation is
>needed, expiation for them will be accepted; if there are no minor
>sins or major sins, good deeds will be added to his account and he
>will be raised in status? If he had committed major sins but no minor
>sins, we hope that his major sins will be reduced.? (al-Majmoo? Sharh
>al-Muhadhdhab, part 6, Sawm Yawm ?Arafaah).
>
>Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
>?Tahaarah, salaah, and fasting in Ramadaan, on the day of ?Arafaah and
>on ?Aashooraa? expiate for minor sins only.? (al-Fataawa al-Kubra,
>part 5).
>
>Not relying too much on the reward for fasting
>
>Some people who are deceived rely too much on things like fasting on
>?Aashooraa? or the day of ?Arafaah, to the extent that some of them
>say, ?Fasting on ?Aashooraa? will expiate for the sins of the whole
>year, and fasting on the day of ?Arafaah will bring extra rewards.?
>Ibn al-Qayyim said: ?This misguided person does not know that fasting
>in Ramadaan and praying five times a day are much more important than
>fasting on the day of ?Arafaah and ?Aashooraa?, and that they expiate
>for the sins between one Ramadaan and the next, or between one Friday
>and the next, so long as one avoids major sins. But they cannot
>expiate for minor sins unless one also avoids major sins; when the two
>things are put together, they have the strength to expiate for minor
>sins. Among those deceived people may be one who thinks that his good
>deeds are more than his sins, because he does not pay attention to his
>bad deeds or check on his sins, but if he does a good deed he
>remembers it and relies on it. This is like the one who seeks Allaah?s
>forgiveness with his tongue (i.e., by words only), and glorifies
>Allaah by saying ?Subhaan Allaah? one hundred times a day, then he
>backbites about the Muslims and slanders their honour, and speaks all
>day long about things that are not pleasing to Allaah. This person is
>always thinking about the virtues of his tasbeehaat (saying ?Subhaan
>Allaah?) and tahleelaat (saying ?Laa ilaaha ill-Allaah?) but he pays
>no attention to what has been reported concerning those who backbite,
>tell lies and slander others, or commit other sins of the tongue. They
>are completely deceived.? (al-Mawsoo?ah al-Fiqhiyyah, part 31, Ghuroor).
>
>Fasting ?Aashooraa? when one still has days to make up from Ramadaan
>
>The fuqahaa? differed concerning the ruling on observing voluntary
>fasts before a person has made up days that he or she did not fast in
>Ramadaan. The Hanafis said that it is permissible to observe voluntary
>fasts before making up days from Ramadaan, and it is not makrooh to do
>so, because the missed days do not have to be made up straight away.
>The Maalikis and Shaafa?is said that it is permissible but is makrooh,
>because it means that one is delaying something obligatory. Al-Dusooqi
>said: ?It is makrooh to observe a voluntary fast when one still has to
>make up an obligatory fast, such as a fast in fulfilment of a vow, or
>a missed obligatory fast, or a fast done as an act of expiation
>(kafaarah), whether the voluntary fast which is being given priority
>over an obligatory fast is something confirmed in sharee?ah or not,
>such as ?Aashooraa? and the ninth of Dhoo?l-Hijjah, according to the
>most correct opinion.? The Hanbalis said that it is haraam to observe
>a voluntary fast before making up any fasts missed in Ramadaan, and
>that a voluntary fast in such cases does not count, even if there is
>plenty of time to make up the obligatory fast. So a person must give
>priority to the obligatory fasts until he has made them up..
>(al-Mawsoo?ah al-Fiqhiyyah, part 28, Sawm al-tatawwu?).
>
>Muslims must hasten to make up any missed fasts after Ramadaan, so
>that they will be able to fast ?Arafaah and ?Aashooraa? without any
>problem. If a person fasts ?Arafaah and ?Aashooraa? with the intention
>from the night before of making up for a missed fast, this will be
>good enough to make up what he has missed, for the bounty of Allaah is
>great.
>
>Bid?ahs common on ?Aashooraa?
>
>Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him) was asked
>about the things that people do on ?Aashooraa?, such as wearing kohl,
>taking a bath (ghusl), wearing henna, shaking hands with one another,
>cooking grains (huboob), showing happiness and so on. Was any of this
>reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
>in a saheeh hadeeth, or not? If nothing to that effect was reported in
>a saheeh hadeeth, is doing these things bid?ah, or not? Is there any
>basis for what the other group do, such as grieving and mourning,
>going without anything to drink, eulogizing and wailing, reciting in a
>crazy manner, and rending their garments?
>
>His reply was:
>
>?Praise be to Allaah, the Lord of the Worlds. Nothing to that effect
>has been reported in any saheeh hadeeth from the Prophet (peace and
>blessings of Allaah be upon him) or from his Companions. None of the
>imaams of the Muslims encouraged or recommended such things, neither
>the four imaams, nor any others. No reliable scholars have narrated
>anything like this, neither from the Prophet (peace and blessings of
>Allaah be upon him), nor from the Sahaabah, nor from the Taabi?een;
>neither in any saheeh report or in a da?eef (weak) report; neither in
>the books of Saheeh, nor in al-Sunan, nor in the Musnads. No hadeeth
>of this nature was known during the best centuries, but some of the
>later narrators reported ahaadeeth like the one which says, ?Whoever
>puts kohl in his eyes on the day of ?Aashooraa? will not suffer from
>eye disease in that year, and whoever takes a bath (does ghusl) on the
>day of ?Aashooraa? will not get sick in that year,? and so on. They
>also reported a fabricated hadeeth that is falsely attributed to the
>Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), which says,
>?Whoever is generous to his family on the day of ?Aashooraa?, Allaah
>will be generous to him for the rest of the year.? Reporting all of
>this from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) is
>tantamount to lying.?
>
>Then he [Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him)] discussed in
>brief the tribulations that had occurred in the early days of this
>ummah and the killing of al-Husayn (may Allaah be pleased with him),
>and what the various sects had done because of this. Then he said:
>
>?An ignorant, wrongful group ? who were either heretics and
>hypocrites, or misguided and misled ? made a show of allegiance to him
>and the members of his household, so they took the day of ?Aashooraa?
>as a day of mourning and wailing, in which they openly displayed the
>rituals of jaahiliyyah such as slapping their cheeks and rending their
>garments, grieving in the manner of the jaahiliyyah? The Shaytaan made
>this attractive to those who are misled, so they took the day of
>?Aashooraa? as an occasion of mourning, when they grieve and wail,
>recite poems of grief and tell stories filled with lies. Whatever
>truth there may be in these stories serves no purpose other than the
>renewal of their grief and sectarian feeling, and the stirring up of
>hatred and hostility among the Muslims, which they do by cursing those
>who came before them? The evil and harm that they do to the Muslims
>cannot be enumerated by any man, no matter how eloquent he is. Some
>others ? either Naasibis who oppose and have enmity towards al-Husayn
>and his family or ignorant people who try to fight evil with evil,
>corruption with corruption, lies with lies and bid?ah with bid?ah ?
>opposed them by fabricating reports in favour of making the day of
>?Aashooraa? a day of celebration, by wearing kohl and henna, spending
>money on one's children, cooking special dishes and other things that
>are done on Eids and special occasions. These people took the day of
>?Aashooraa? as a festival like Eid, whereas the others took it as a
>day of mourning. Both are wrong, and both go against the Sunnah, even
>though the other group (those who take it as a day of mourning) are
>worse in intention and more ignorant and more plainly wrong? Neither
>the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) nor his
>successors (the khulafa? al-raashidoon) did any of these things on the
>day of ?Aashooraa?, they neither made it a day of mourning nor a day
>of celebration?
>
>As for the other things, such as cooking special dishes with or
>without grains, or wearing new clothes, or spending money on one?s
>family, or buying the year?s supplies on that day, or doing special
>acts of worship such as special prayers or deliberately slaughtering
>an animal on that day, or saving some of the meat of the sacrifice to
>cook with grains, or wearing kohl and henna, or taking a bath (ghusl),
>or shaking hands with one another, or visiting one another, or
>visiting the mosques and mashhads (shrines) and so on? all of this is
>reprehensible bid?ah and is wrong. None of it has anything to do with
>the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah
>be upon him) or the way of the Khulafa? al-Raashidoon. It was not
>approved of by any of the imaams of the Muslims, not Maalik, not
>al-Thawri, not al-Layth ibn Sa?d, not Abu Haneefah, not al-Oozaa?i,
>not al-Shaafa'i, not Ahmad ibn Hanbal, not Ishaaq ibn Raahwayh, not
>any of the imaams and scholars of the Muslims.?(al-Fataawa al-Kubra by
>Ibn Taymiyah)
>
>Ibn al-Haaj (may Allaah have mercy on him) mentioned that one of the
>bid?ahs on ?Aashooraa? was deliberately paying zakaat on this day,
>late or early, or slaughtering a chicken just for this occasion, or ?
>in the case of women ? using henna. (al-Madkhal, part 1, Yawm ?Aashooraa?)
>
>We ask Allaah to make us followers of the Sunnah of His Noble Prophet,
>to make us live in Islam and die in a state of faith. May He help us
>to do that which He loves and which pleases Him. We ask Him to help us
>to remember Him and be thankful to Him, to worship Him properly and to
>accept our good deeds. May He make us of those who are pious and fear
>Him. May Allaah bless our Prophet Muhammad and all his family and
>companions.
>
>www.islam-qa.com
>
>
>
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