It seems like a good idea to repeat this URL with a slightly more apropos subject line: http://www.pulver.com/hr1542 It looks like the ghost of Ma Bell, the U.S. Telecomm Association, is going after IP telephony with a vengance, and politics that probably include most of their annual lobbying budget (still "cheap politics" if you don't think $0.21 of each U.S. phone bill funneling to their Washington, D.C. lobbyists is "expensive"!) I propose a concerted effort by the major non-telco ISPs to devote a portion of their bandwidth, perhaps only during non-peak hours, to PSTN/H.323 gateways open free to the public. Cheers, James