[JBoss-user] Re: [JBoss-dev] Hong Kong training

2002-11-27 Thread Jason Dillon
You should really have a Thailand training too... =] --jason On Wednesday, November 27, 2002, at 09:05 AM, marc fleury wrote: Guys, the training in January 14-17th in Hong Kong. We lowered the price to $2000 for early registration and it is the only training I am personally doing in Q12003

[JBoss-user] Re: [JBoss-dev] JBoss Training @ Geneva

2002-11-04 Thread Jason Dillon
This is resolved. --jason On Monday, November 4, 2002, at 11:26 AM, Alex Loubyansky wrote: Hello Sacha, clicking on Read More on the site I get HTTP ERROR: 404 /services/training Not Found alex Monday, November 04, 2002, 7:12:31 PM, you wrote: SL> Hello, SL> It seems that no e-mail addre

[JBoss-user] Re: [JBoss-dev] tomcat4 log dir in jboss3-rc1

2002-04-18 Thread Jason Dillon
Is there a way to access properties from the tomcat config? If so it should set the log dir in ${jboss.server.home.dir}/log --jason Quoting David Ward <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: > I don't know the ins-and-outs of creating a change request, but was > wondering if for the next rc of jboss3-tomcat4

Re: [JBoss-dev] Re: [JBoss-user] New EJB-QL compiler (ORDER BY and DynamicQL)

2002-02-26 Thread Jason Dillon
The developers list is NOT the place for questions like this. Please use the user forums: http://main.jboss.org --jason vijaya wrote: >Hi guys > >We want to deploy CMP ejbs on JBoss with the MS SQL Server 2000 as the >database server.The question is >Are there any freely downloadable MS

[JBoss-user] Re: [JBoss-dev] Tshirts at JavaOne FREE TRAINING

2002-02-25 Thread Jason Dillon
It's kinda late... but what about stickers? I would put one on my car and motorcycle... I would guess that others would too... --jason marc fleury wrote: >OK > >we have a winner, well actually we have two. > >JBoss: >All your J2EE are belong to us > >JBoss: >May the source be with you > >Tha

[JBoss-user] JBoss website down

2002-01-12 Thread Jason Dillon
As some of you may know, we are having some trouble with the JBoss website (www.jboss.org).  We apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused you.  We are looking into the problem now.  Marc has been parachuted into Denver to investigate the problem in person and to help ensure a rap

[JBoss-user] Re: jetty integration with apache

2001-12-09 Thread Jason Dillon
x27; that you feel Jetty > (or JBoss/J2EE) is lacking, so they can be considered. > > I'm crossposting you to jetty-discuss, and jboss-user, as the points this > thread raises may be of value to other participants. > > > Jules > > > > Jason Dillon wrote: > &

Re: [JBoss-user] TopLink for CMP

2001-12-07 Thread Jason Dillon
You might have better luck asking this in the online forums: http://jboss.org/forums/ --jason On 7 Dec 2001, Christopher Blunck wrote: > Hello- > > I'm a java developer using WLS5.1 + TopLink 2.5.1. We're migrating to > WLS6.1 + TopLink 3.6. I'm trying to convince the higher ups to go to >

RE: NNTP gateway? Re: [JBoss-user] jboss-user shutdown

2001-12-05 Thread Jason Dillon
We are still trying to work out some kinks with the NNTP mirror, once that has been handled we will. --jason On Tue, 4 Dec 2001, Reynir Hübner wrote: > great!!! > > promote this and most people will be happy.. ___ JBoss-user mailing list [EMAIL P

RE: [JBoss-user] jboss-user shutdown

2001-12-04 Thread Jason Dillon
This was imported from the news group. If this is meant to be user read-only then we should change its group from jboss.user.faq to jboss.faq, since we currently only allow users to post to stuff under jboss.user.* --jason On Tue, 4 Dec 2001, marc fleury wrote: > |Hopefully the new policy t

RE: [JBoss-dev] RE: [JBoss-user] where is CMP2.0 documentation?

2001-12-03 Thread Jason Dillon
Nevermind my previous comment... =| --jason On Mon, 3 Dec 2001, marc fleury wrote: > where is CMP2.0 documentation?then go ahead an give us that free > documentation, the developer of the feature dain, has opted for the for-pay > documentation for this advanced feature, if you are too cheap to

RE: [JBoss-user] where is CMP2.0 documentation?

2001-12-03 Thread Jason Dillon
The docs are online for free. An opensource project needs to make some money to sustains itself too. --jason On Mon, 3 Dec 2001, Hicks, James wrote: > Why is the JBoss Group charging for documentation? An opensource project > should have freely available documentation. How can a project su

Re: [JBoss-user] JBoss3.0 Alpha , Ant, buildMagic.

2001-12-01 Thread Jason Dillon
What on earth are you talking about? What is 'mail' in reference to a build.xml file under the admin directory? --jason On Wed, 28 Nov 2001, joel cordonnier wrote: > hi ! > > I just download the daily snapshot of JBoss3.0. > > Where is the 'mail' build.xml file ?? in admin > directory ??

Re: [JBoss-user] [ANN] JBoss 3.0 alpha is out

2001-11-21 Thread Jason Dillon
Are we going to release the .tgz too? --jason On Wed, 21 Nov 2001, marc fleury wrote: > This is it! > > http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/jboss/jboss-3.0.0alpha.zip > > we will have the link on www.jboss.org shortly > > so go gentlemen, you know what is in there, clustering, EJB 2.0, sar,

Re: [JBoss-user] does JBoss2.4 support SOAP

2001-09-12 Thread Jason Dillon
> ZOAP is no longer active. If you're after SOAP support have a look at > Apache SOAP. > > cheers > dim > > On Wed, 12 Sep 2001, Devraj Mukherjee wrote: > > > I know that it does, ZOAP i think is that product listed on the Jboss web site > > > > At 10:43 12/09/2001 +0530, you wrote: > > >Hi all,

Re: [JBoss-user] EOFException using MDB with standalone JMS clientand XAException - XAER_NOTA

2001-07-21 Thread Jason Dillon
> I'm trying to use MDBs to enable async operations between different > EJBs. The situation I have atm is an entity, a session, a MDB and a stand > alone client. In short, I get the following exception on the server: > > java.io.EOFException > at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readByte(ObjectInpu

Re: [JBoss-user] SonicMQ and JBoss

2001-07-21 Thread Jason Dillon
I have been working on integrating SonicMQ for the past few days... so far with out luck. It looks like there JNDI storing fluff will not bind resources from there broker to the JBoss naming service unless there is something already bound there. I hear that they are fixing that, but I am not sur

Re: [JBoss-user] EJB RDBMS Issue

2001-07-15 Thread Jason Dillon
dy mentioned. > Burkhard > - Original Message ----- > From: "Jason Dillon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Sent: Saturday, July 14, 2001 12:00 PM > Subject: Re: [JBoss-user] EJB RDBMS Issue > > > > > The ideal way is to do all

Re: [JBoss-user] queue deployment

2001-07-15 Thread Jason Dillon
> Heh, pretty much what is said. The problem is I have no idea of how to write > up the descriptors for jboss. The docs discuss the config w/ MDB's and I'm > not using them. > > Thnxs > > ----- Original Message - > From: "Jason Dillon" <[EMAIL

Re: [JBoss-user] queue deployment

2001-07-15 Thread Jason Dillon
Lets start with the problem. So what _is_ the problem? --jason On Sun, 15 Jul 2001, G.L. Grobe wrote: > Date Posted: Jul 14, 2001 11:11 PM » Reply > I'm sending a message to a queue w/ the following lookup in my session bean. I >havn't configured anything for the descriptors nor

Re: [JBoss-user] Re: BLOB

2001-07-14 Thread Jason Dillon
> I've used CMP and BLOBs with JBoss in the past. Declare the bean member > variable that will hold your BLOB data as a byte[]. This will get mapped > to the of JAVA_OBJECT. Then check (standard)jaws.xml to see > that the mapping for this exists. It looks like the mapping below - > BLOB(2000)

Re: [JBoss-user] How to send message to MDB

2001-07-14 Thread Jason Dillon
> topicConnection = factory.createTopicConnection(); > topicConnection.start(); > > What would be the equivalent in JBoss ? > > > - Original Message - > From: "Jason Dillon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Sent: Saturday, July 14, 2001 11:40 AM &g

Re: [JBoss-user] isModified Method

2001-07-14 Thread Jason Dillon
The method name 'getIsModified' is redundant, at least in JavaBean terms, where the prefix 'is' refers the the getter/accessor of a boolean property. Why not just use isModified()? The above would result in a property named 'isModified', not 'modified', which basically means the same thing, one i

Re: [JBoss-user] BLOB

2001-07-14 Thread Jason Dillon
It looks like JAWS can persist objects via BLOB... but that is just a simple guess by looking at the standardjaws.xml, it has some lines that look like this: java.lang.Object JAVA_OBJECT BLOB(2000) Which would lead me to believe that you could get JAWS to persist to a record wi

Re: [JBoss-user] More than one TopicConnectionFactory??

2001-07-14 Thread Jason Dillon
Where are you expecting that it will be bound too? Where is the topic factory connection that you wish DurableTopicConnFactory to be bound to? Perhaps you should specify the jndi-name? --jason On Fri, 13 Jul 2001, Scott Bermon wrote: > Can I create more than one TopicConnectionFactory? > > I

Re: [JBoss-user] EJB RDBMS Issue

2001-07-14 Thread Jason Dillon
> The ideal way is to do all such database modifications thru the ejb > interface only, but, unfortunately, that is not the case for me. Any inputs > on problems i might face? How about, why on earth would you do something like that? What external thingy is going to delete records and leav

RE: [JBoss-user] jboss on start up

2001-07-14 Thread Jason Dillon
Just wait 'till the 6.1 kernel comes out; it's gonna be sweet! =P --jason On Fri, 13 Jul 2001, Richard Bottoms wrote: > > In short, there is no Linux 6.1. There is a RedHat Linux > >distribution that has a 6.1 version > > That's what the RH refers to: > > >I'm running RH Linux 6.1.

Re: [JBoss-user] How to send message to MDB

2001-07-14 Thread Jason Dillon
It is just like sending to any other JMS queue (or topic for that matter). Lookup the connection factory, lookup the destination (a queue), create a connection, create a session, create a producer (sender in this case) and send. If you are in a tx session, then commit, else close everything and g

Re: [JBoss-user] 2 WEEKS EVICTION NOTICE

2001-07-13 Thread Jason Dillon
Ouch. --jason On Thu, 12 Jul 2001 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > On Thu, Jul 12, 2001 at 03:41:12AM +0200, Peter Fagerlund wrote: > > Ahhh ... pushing forward is hard ... change ... the pain of growing ... > > cognisance dissonance - from having to change a GUI ... ;-) ... I to feel > > uncomforta

RE: [JBoss-user] SwiftMQ and JBOSS

2001-06-26 Thread Jason Dillon
It is possible to configure JBoss to work with a SwiftMQ provider, but NOT for MDB. You can install a SwiftMQJMSProvider, which can return the SwiftMQ defined queue/topic/connection references, but since they do not support XA or ASF you will have a world of pain trying to get MDB working with it

Re: [JBoss-user] JBoss XML Composite Primary Key and CMP.

2001-06-22 Thread Jason Dillon
Oh ya, just incase you were not clear on my last mail, you need to define a class that encapsulates your keys and then use that classname in your descriptor. In the 1.1 spec there is no way other way to use a compound primary key, I can not say for 2.0+. --jason On Sat, 23 Jun 2001, Devraj Muk

Re: [JBoss-user] Composite Primary Key and CMP.

2001-06-22 Thread Jason Dillon
in your ejb-jar, tag use something like: some.package.SomeBeanPK If you look at the DTD there are descriptions for all of the possible tags, you might want to have a look =) --jason On Sat, 23 Jun 2001, Devraj Mukherjee wrote: > Hi all, > > I am trying to create a CMP Entity Bean where I ne

[JBoss-user] Using remote ejb inside of a webapp w/Jetty

2001-06-22 Thread Jason Dillon
Can someone explain the exact steps (files to configure and so on) that are requried to use a remote ejb inside of a .war file running inside of Jetty. I am assuming that I need an ejb-ref in the web.xml, but how do I map a reference to a ref-jndi-name ? --jason ___

Re: [JBoss-user] Distributed MDB & JMS resouces inside of beans

2001-06-21 Thread Jason Dillon
= null; > > topicSession = > topicConnection.createTopicSession(true, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); > topicPublisher = topicSession.createPublisher(topic); > > message = topicSession.createTextMessage(); > message.setText(msg); > topic

RE: [JBoss-user] SwiftMQ and JBOSS

2001-06-21 Thread Jason Dillon
I believe it stands for Application Server Facility (or perhaps Facilities), but I am not 100% on that. --jason On Thu, 21 Jun 2001, Tejaswi Redkar wrote: > What does ASF mean ? > > Thanks > Tejaswi > > -Original Message- > From: marc fleury [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] > Sent: Wednesday

Re: [JBoss-user] Distributed MDB & JMS resouces inside of beans

2001-06-21 Thread Jason Dillon
> 1. If you get a XAxxxConnectionFactory and you do not have any process >that actuallt starts the transaction, then you are in trouble. I can not seem to get any XA classes from the JMS RA, so I am not quite sure what you mean here. I was modeling the usage of JMS inside of a bean from some

RE: [JBoss-user] Distributed MDB & JMS resouces inside of beans

2001-06-20 Thread Jason Dillon
> my my my you're hot... > > I can't even finish the mail and I blow a fuse :( I am not really sure what that means... perhaps the ':(' that the end throws me off a bit too far. > Let us know if you find a bug, I certainly will, thought I do not really know what the officially correctly syntax

[JBoss-user] Distributed MDB & JMS resouces inside of beans

2001-06-20 Thread Jason Dillon
Hey, I have been trying to figure this out for a few days now and I keep running into walls. I have a distributed system that uses JMS for communication, using a centralized router (all running on JBoss with JBossMQ). I was able to get everything working using an ExternalContext, to map in the n

Re: [JBoss-user] JAAS & JBossSX vs Application Security

2001-05-23 Thread Jason Dillon
future version of jnp will support secured > access via subject based permissions. > > - Original Message - > From: "Jason Dillon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Sent: Tuesday, May 22, 2001 6:13 PM > Subject: [JBoss-user] JAAS &

[JBoss-user] JAAS & JBossSX vs Application Security

2001-05-22 Thread Jason Dillon
Hello, I am trying to figure out what the *best* approach is for adding robust security to a highly distributed JMX/EJB/JMS application. I have just looked over the docs about JAAS as well as the JBossSX guide and I still do not have a good feel for what is the correct approach for what I am tryi

Re: [JBoss-user] Oracle Sequences PK in Session bean

2001-05-07 Thread Jason Dillon
I wrote a SequenceManager SSB, which takes plug-able (Sequence DAO objects) to access to underlying database. It could definitely use some improvements, like better value caching and such. I would be willing to share it, but I am not really sure where the appropriate place would be. Perhaps a c

Re: [JBoss-user] Anyone know how to federate across multiple jnp...

2001-05-07 Thread Jason Dillon
erviceUnavailableException: jnp [Root exception is java.net.UnknownHostException: jnp] So I can create an InitialContext, but as soon as I try to lookup anything I will get an exception. --jason On Sun, 6 May 2001, Jason Dillon wrote: > I will check again. I do belive that this will work, but I think t

Re: [JBoss-user] Anyone know how to federate across multiple jnp...

2001-05-06 Thread Jason Dillon
t;/tmp/cvs/jboss/dist/client/jnp-client.jar;." tstNS > Connected to JNDI > jboss 724> > > Most likely your using a jndi.properties that does not include the org.jnp.interfaces > package in the URL_PKG_PREFIXES if this does not work for you. > > - Original Message - > From

Re: [JBoss-user] Anyone know how to federate across multiple jnp...

2001-05-04 Thread Jason Dillon
but the jnp > InitialContextFactory does now accept jnp urls passed in via the provider url > property. > > - Original Message - > From: "Jason Dillon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Sent: Friday, May 04, 2001 7:25 PM > Subj

Re: [JBoss-user] JBoss / Exolab future

2001-05-04 Thread Jason Dillon
I believe that the exolab specific jar files have been removed from future releases of JBoss, since they were there to support integration with OpenJMS. Since JBoss uses JBossMQ for it's JMS provider, the OpenJMS support (and those jar files) have been moved to contrib module. --jason On Fri, 4

Re: [JBoss-user] Anyone know how to federate across multiple jnp...

2001-05-04 Thread Jason Dillon
Does this mean that jnp should accept more URL-like strings for Context.PROVIDER_URL inside the environment properties for an InitialContext: jnp://localhost:1099 I do not believe that it does. --jason On Thu, 3 May 2001, Scott M Stark wrote: > Yes, jnp properly resovles references of type

Re: [JBoss-user] org.jboss.ejb.plugins.jrmp.interfaces.*HandleImplproblem

2001-05-03 Thread Jason Dillon
The latest CVS version of JBoss supports a mechanism to allow a handle to be serialized/deserialized and return a reference to the bean. The implementation currently ties a handle to a specific container, but support for clustering/HA will probably be added in the future. The current version req

RE: [JBoss-user] Does anyone know what this error means?

2001-05-01 Thread Jason Dillon
7-1317 > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > > > -Original Message- > From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of Jason Dillon > Sent: Monday, April 30, 2001 10:36 PM > To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > Subject: RE: [JBoss-user] Does anyone know what this error mean

RE: [JBoss-user] Does anyone know what this error means?

2001-04-30 Thread Jason Dillon
Why are you trying to setup an XADataSource with the classpath extender? --jason > I put classes12.zip in the ../lib/ext directory and added this entry > to > the jboss.conf file: > > ARCHIVE="jboss.jar,classes12.zip,minerva-1_0b3.jar" > CODEBASE="../../lib/ext/"> > > VALUE="org.op

Re: [JBoss-user] Slowing down the AutoDeployer

2001-04-27 Thread Jason Dillon
> > Yes, edit the code and insert a delay. I would suggest instead that you > build the jat file somewhere else and copy (or better yet, move) it into > place when it is done. > I would suggest the latter... adding a delay would be the wrong thing to do IMHO. --jason

Re: [JBoss-user] Production Systems running on JBOSS

2001-04-25 Thread Jason Dillon
Boldfish.com ExpressNetwork (which is a back-end service) currently runs all component virtual machines (except the oracle database) inside of JBoss. I can't really say for others, though I am interested to see who else is using it. --jason On Wed, 25 Apr 2001, Aamer Khan wrote: > Hi, > We ar

Re: [JBoss-user] JMQ question

2001-04-25 Thread Jason Dillon
I do not know if there is any official documentation on this, but if you look at conf/default/jbossmq.xml, you can define new queues by adding some xml like this: MyNewQueue --jason On Wed, 25 Apr 2001, Malia Zaheer wrote: > I need some help on getting start with using JBossMQ. I don't kno

[JBoss-user] Jetty vs. Tomcat

2001-04-19 Thread Jason Dillon
Does anyone have any opinions as to which contain is more robust, easier to use and such? --jason ___ JBoss-user mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/jboss-user

Re: [JBoss-user] InstantDB vs. HypersonicSQL

2001-04-19 Thread Jason Dillon
res the > same JVM as the rest of the server yet is completely > isolated. > > Enjoy... > > - Paul. > > > > - Original Message - > From: "Jason Dillon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Sent: Thursday, April 19,

[JBoss-user] InstantDB vs. HypersonicSQL

2001-04-19 Thread Jason Dillon
Does any one know what the basic differences are between these two databases? Is one better suited for production usage? --jason ___ JBoss-user mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/jboss-user

[JBoss-user] Arbitrary object persistence

2001-04-19 Thread Jason Dillon
Does any one know of a production quality library that integrates into JBoss that can provide persistence of arbitrary objects into a RDBMS? I have looked a bit at Castor, but it *looks* like this requires some extra metadata for the object. Any ways, if someone happens to know of something that

Re: [JBoss-user] env-entry JDNI name

2001-04-18 Thread Jason Dillon
Is this an empty element or an empty jboss.xml (or jboss-web.xml) file in WEB-INF/? --jason On Wed, 18 Apr 2001, Mike Hoolehan wrote: > Thanks for the help everyone. Darrin pinpointed the problem. > > The comp/env namespace seemed to work for for env-entries declared in > my ejb-jar.xml file

Re: [JBoss-user] Using JMS resources (or other resources)

2001-04-18 Thread Jason Dillon
> > There is a workaround/hack that uses the way the Container currently is > implemented: use instead of . Here is a working > jboss.xml for the Publisher bean from the SUN JMS tutorial: > Thanks, this works fine (for now). --jason ___ JBoss-user m

Re: [JBoss-user] Using JMS resources (or other resources)

2001-04-18 Thread Jason Dillon
> I'll look at adding support for the resource-env-ref when I > fix an existing namespace issue. If you get time that would be nice. I would rather not have to manage accessing two different contexts. --jason ___ JBoss-user mailing list [EMAIL PROTE

Re: [JBoss-user] Using JMS resources (or other resources)

2001-04-18 Thread Jason Dillon
> For binding a subcontext from a remote server you should be able to use the >Context.PROVIDER_URL > to specify the subcontext and so the SubContext attribute should not be necessary. To > create a local alias I would rather create a new NamingAlias mbean that created >LinkRefs: > name=":se

Re: [JBoss-user] XAQueueConnectionFactory not found

2001-04-18 Thread Jason Dillon
Are you sure that you have started the JBossMQ service? Have you checked to see if this value is actually bound in the naming context of the server you are using? --jason On Wed, 18 Apr 2001, Alexander Jerusalem wrote: > Hi, > > I'm trying to deploy a Message Driven Bean but the auto deployer

Re: [JBoss-user] dynamically creating queues

2001-04-18 Thread Jason Dillon
I thought this was provider specific... but then again I have not really tried to do this (yet). Here is a snippet from the J2EE javadocs on JMS (read the last paragraph): public Queue createQueue(java.lang.String queueName) throws JMSException Create a queue identity giv

[JBoss-user] Sharing EJB/JNDI resources across JBoss instances

2001-04-13 Thread Jason Dillon
I am wondering if there is a general way to share EJB and JNDI resources across multiple JBoss instances. We currently have a server make up similar to this: [ client ] | XMLRPC \ [ HTTP interface ] | RMI \ [ entity bean server ] --JMS-- [ stage 1

Re: [JBoss-user] Using JMS resources (or other resources)

2001-04-13 Thread Jason Dillon
ENCBean > > QueFactory > jms/QueFactory > > > > > > > QueFactory > QueueConnectionFactory > > > > > Your bean is indepdendent of the app server

Re: [JBoss-user] Using JMS resources (or other resources)

2001-04-13 Thread Jason Dillon
ueFactory > jms/QueFactory > > > > > > > QueFactory > QueueConnectionFactory > > > > > Your bean is indepdendent of the app server but its deployment unit is not. > > - Or

Re: [JBoss-user] Using JMS resources (or other resources)

2001-04-12 Thread Jason Dillon
ConnectionFactory > > > > > Your bean is indepdendent of the app server but its deployment unit is not. > > - Original Message - > From: "Jason Dillon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Sent: Thursday, April 12, 2001 5:2

Re: [JBoss-user] Using JMS resources (or other resources)

2001-04-12 Thread Jason Dillon
tmess.setText(xmessage.toXmlString()); > sender.send(tmess); > } > catch (Exception e) > { > throw new BmxServerException(e, BmxError.InternalError); > } > } > > > > > Jason Dillon wrote: > > > > Can someone

[JBoss-user] Using JMS resources (or other resources)

2001-04-12 Thread Jason Dillon
Can someone point me a documentation or examples on the standard way to allow a EJB to access an external resource. I looked at the EJB spec and it was less than helpful. I saw one example of letting a bean access a JMS queue, but what about the ConnectionFactory and such? Do I need to have a s