On 04/16/2013 02:05 PM, smwood wrote:
> I had asked for day and night
> VFR operations for the airworthiness inspection application. Night VFR
> is the item that required the backup gauges.
There is no FAA requirement for backup gauges for VFR day or night
flight. There isn't even a requirement for backup gauges for IFR
flight. As long as you have at least one instrument giving the required
information listed below, you are legal as far as the FAA is concerned.
Your Washington FSDO FAA Inspector has misled you.
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=f470ae9f3f1654c16f93f5692a3dab03&rgn=div8&view=text&node=14:2.0.1.3.10.3.7.3&idno=14
Title 14: Aeronautics and Space
PART 91?GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES
Subpart C?Equipment, Instrument, and Certificate Requirements
? 91.205 Powered civil aircraft with standard category U.S.
airworthiness certificates: Instrument and equipment requirements.
(a) General. Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(3) and (e) of this
section, no person may operate a powered civil aircraft with a standard
category U.S. airworthiness certificate in any operation described in
paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section unless that aircraft contains
the instruments and equipment specified in those paragraphs (or
FAA-approved equivalents) for that type of operation, and those
instruments and items of equipment are in operable condition.
(b) Visual-flight rules (day). For VFR flight during the day, the
following instruments and equipment are required:
(1) Airspeed indicator.
(2) Altimeter.
(3) Magnetic direction indicator.
(4) Tachometer for each engine.
(5) Oil pressure gauge for each engine using pressure system.
(6) Temperature gauge for each liquid-cooled engine.
(7) Oil temperature gauge for each air-cooled engine.
(8) Manifold pressure gauge for each altitude engine.
(9) Fuel gauge indicating the quantity of fuel in each tank.
(10) Landing gear position indicator, if the aircraft has a retractable
landing gear.
(11) For small civil airplanes certificated after March 11, 1996, in
accordance with part 23 of this chapter, an approved aviation red or
aviation white anticollision light system. In the event of failure of
any light of the anticollision light system, operation of the aircraft
may continue to a location where repairs or replacement can be made.
(12) If the aircraft is operated for hire over water and beyond
power-off gliding distance from shore, approved flotation gear readily
available to each occupant and, unless the aircraft is operating under
part 121 of this subchapter, at least one pyrotechnic signaling device.
As used in this section, ?shore? means that area of the land adjacent to
the water which is above the high water mark and excludes land areas
which are intermittently under water.
(13) An approved safety belt with an approved metal-to-metal latching
device for each occupant 2 years of age or older.
(14) For small civil airplanes manufactured after July 18, 1978, an
approved shoulder harness for each front seat. The shoulder harness must
be designed to protect the occupant from serious head injury when the
occupant experiences the ultimate inertia forces specified in ?
23.561(b)(2) of this chapter. Each shoulder harness installed at a
flight crewmember station must permit the crewmember, when seated and
with the safety belt and shoulder harness fastened, to perform all
functions necessary for flight operations. For purposes of this paragraph?
(i) The date of manufacture of an airplane is the date the inspection
acceptance records reflect that the airplane is complete and meets the
FAA-approved type design data; and
(ii) A front seat is a seat located at a flight crewmember station or
any seat located alongside such a seat.
(15) An emergency locator transmitter, if required by ? 91.207.
(16) For normal, utility, and acrobatic category airplanes with a
seating configuration, excluding pilot seats, of 9 or less, manufactured
after December 12, 1986, a shoulder harness for?
(i) Each front seat that meets the requirements of ? 23.785 (g) and (h)
of this chapter in effect on December 12, 1985;
(ii) Each additional seat that meets the requirements of ? 23.785(g) of
this chapter in effect on December 12, 1985.
(17) For rotorcraft manufactured after September 16, 1992, a shoulder
harness for each seat that meets the requirements of ? 27.2 or ? 29.2 of
this chapter in effect on September 16, 1991.
(c) Visual flight rules (night). For VFR flight at night, the following
instruments and equipment are required:
(1) Instruments and equipment specified in paragraph (b) of this section.
(2) Approved position lights.
(3) An approved aviation red or aviation white anticollision light
system on all U.S.-registered civil aircraft. Anticollision light
systems initially installed after August 11, 1971, on aircraft for which
a type certificate was issued or applied for before August 11, 1971,
must at least meet the anticollision light standards of part 23, 25, 27,
or 29 of this chapter, as applicable, that were in effect on August 10,
1971, except that the color may be either aviation red or aviation
white. In the event of failure of any light of the anticollision light
system, operations with the aircraft may be continued to a stop where
repairs or replacement can be made.
(4) If the aircraft is operated for hire, one electric landing light.
(5) An adequate source of electrical energy for all installed electrical
and radio equipment.
(6) One spare set of fuses, or three spare fuses of each kind required,
that are accessible to the pilot in flight.
(d) Instrument flight rules. For IFR flight, the following instruments
and equipment are required:
(1) Instruments and equipment specified in paragraph (b) of this
section, and, for night flight, instruments and equipment specified in
paragraph (c) of this section.
(2) Two-way radio communication and navigation equipment suitable for
the route to be flown.
(3) Gyroscopic rate-of-turn indicator, except on the following aircraft:
(i) Airplanes with a third attitude instrument system usable through
flight attitudes of 360 degrees of pitch and roll and installed in
accordance with the instrument requirements prescribed in ? 121.305(j)
of this chapter; and
(ii) Rotorcraft with a third attitude instrument system usable through
flight attitudes of ?80 degrees of pitch and ?120 degrees of roll and
installed in accordance with ? 29.1303(g) of this chapter.
(4) Slip-skid indicator.
(5) Sensitive altimeter adjustable for barometric pressure.
(6) A clock displaying hours, minutes, and seconds with a sweep-second
pointer or digital presentation.
(7) Generator or alternator of adequate capacity.
(8) Gyroscopic pitch and bank indicator (artificial horizon).
(9) Gyroscopic direction indicator (directional gyro or equivalent).
(e) Flight at and above 24,000 feet MSL (FL 240). If VOR navigation
equipment is required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section, no person
may operate a U.S.-registered civil aircraft within the 50 states and
the District of Columbia at or above FL 240 unless that aircraft is
equipped with approved DME or a suitable RNAV system. When the DME or
RNAV system required by this paragraph fails at and above FL 240, the
pilot in command of the aircraft must notify ATC immediately, and then
may continue operations at and above FL 240 to the next airport of
intended landing where repairs or replacement of the equipment can be made.
(f) Category II operations. The requirements for Category II operations
are the instruments and equipment specified in?
(1) Paragraph (d) of this section; and
(2) Appendix A to this part.
(g) Category III operations. The instruments and equipment required for
Category III operations are specified in paragraph (d) of this section.
(h) Night vision goggle operations. For night vision goggle operations,
the following instruments and equipment must be installed in the
aircraft, functioning in a normal manner, and approved for use by the FAA:
(1) Instruments and equipment specified in paragraph (b) of this
section, instruments and equipment specified in paragraph (c) of this
section;
(2) Night vision goggles;
(3) Interior and exterior aircraft lighting system required for night
vision goggle operations;
(4) Two-way radio communications system;
(5) Gyroscopic pitch and bank indicator (artificial horizon);
(6) Generator or alternator of adequate capacity for the required
instruments and equipment; and
(7) Radar altimeter.
(i) Exclusions. Paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section do not apply to
operations conducted by a holder of a certificate issued under part 121
or part 135 of this chapter.
-Dj
--
Dj Merrill - N1JOV - VP EAA Chapter 87
Sportsman 2+2 Builder #7118 N421DJ - http://deej.net/sportsman/
Glastar Flyer N866RH - http://deej.net/glastar/
